Izalwa njani indlulamthi

Indlulamthi sesinye sezona zidalwa zinomtsalane kwiplanethi yethu. Intamo yayo ende kunye nesitayile, imilenze emide kunye nentloko emile okwentliziyo iyahlula kulo naluphi na uhlobo. Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba indlulamthi izalwa njani?

Inkqubo yokuzala kwendlulamthi iqala ngokukhwelana kwenkunzi nemazi. Inkunzi yendlulamthi, eyaziwa ngokuba yinkunzi, ifuna ukutsala ingqalelo yeemazi ngokubetha intamo yayo kummandla osemva kwemazi. Esi ⁢ isenzo, esaziwa njenge "cuelloada", sisebenza ekusekeni unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu bobabini.

Xa imazi ikhe yajola nendoda, Isigaba sokukhulelwa siqala kwaye sinokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezili-14 kunye ne-15. Ngalo lonke eli xesha, ibhinqa lifumana utshintsho olubalulekileyo lwe-hormonal kunye nomzimba ukulungiselela ukuzalwa kwenzala yakhe.

Ngexesha lenyanga⁢ yokugqibela⁢ yokumitha, ⁤imazi uqala ukukhangela indawo ekhuselekileyo nefihlakeleyo yokuzala. Unokukhetha iindawo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngokubanzi ukhethe indawo ezolileyo, enezityalo ukukhusela amantshontsho akho kumarhamncwa anokuthi ahlasele.

⁢Ukuzalwa kwendlulamthi sisiganeko esisodwa.⁤ Umama Uzala emile, nto leyo “engaqhelekanga” kwizilwanyana. Usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa, olwaziwa njengentshontsho lendlulamthi, luwela emhlabeni ukusuka kumphakamo omalunga neemitha ezimbini. Oku kuzalwa kumangalisayo kuvuselela ukuphefumla kunye nokuhamba kwegazi.

Ngokufutshane, ukuzalwa kwendlulamthi yinkqubo eyodwa ebandakanya ukuthandana okukhethekileyo, ukumitha ixesha elide, kunye nokuzalwa okungaqhelekanga kwenzala. Ezi zidalwa zibalaseleyo ziyaqhubeka zisichukumisa kungekuphela nje ngenkangeleko yazo, kodwa nakwimimangaliso yomjikelo wazo wokuzala. Ukuqonda indlela indlulamthi ezalwa ngayo⁤ kusivumela ukuba sibuxabise ngakumbi ubukho bayo kwihlabathi lethu kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo.

1. Inkcazo ngokubanzi yeentlobo zendlulamthi

Iindlulamthi, ezaziwa ngokwenzululwazi njenge Indlulamthi camelopardalisZizilwanyana ezincancisayo ezitya utyani ezibonakala ngeentamo zazo ezinde kunye nemilenze emide. Ngabo kusapho zegirafidi kwaye zizalelwa kwilizwekazi laseAfrika. Ubude bazo obumangalisayo, obunokugqithisa iimitha ezi-5, bubenza ukuba babe sesona silwanyana siphakamileyo emhlabeni.

Umjikelo wobomi bendlulamthi uqala nge ukuzalwa kwethole. Iimazi zezindlulamthi zinexesha lokumitha elimalunga neenyanga ezili-15, nelelona lide limitha phakathi kwezilwanyana ezincancisayo ezisemhlabeni. Xa imazi sele ilungele ukuzala, iyahlukana neqela ize ikhangele indawo ekhuselekileyo ukuze iphephe naziphi na izilwanyana ezinokudla. ⁤Ekuzalweni, ‍ ⁤ Amathole endlulamthi ngoku sele ebunjwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye alungele ukujongana nehlabathi. Ubude bawo ekuzalweni bumalunga neemitha ezi-2 kwaye baqhele ukuwa emhlabeni ukusuka kumphakamo obonakalayo, lo ngumngeni wokuqala ebomini babo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona zinokwenzakala ⁤ekwindla,⁤ iindlulamthi ezisanda kuzalwa ziyamangalisa ⁤hardy.

Ukususela ekuzalweni kweendlulamthi. Bayakwazi ukuma ngemizuzu nje engama-30. Oku kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuba lixhoba lamarhamncwa. Ngaphezu koko, ngelo xesha lifutshane, inzala nayo iqalisa ukufuna ukufudumala nokutya kukamama. Oomama abancancisayo banyamekela kwaye bakhusele inzala yabo ngemigudu emikhulu Ebudeni beenyanga zokuqala zobomi babo. Iintsana zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubisi lukamama ngesondlo sazo. yaye, ngokuthe ngcembe, baziswa kumagqabi omnga, owona mthombo wabo wokutya oyintloko Njengoko zikhula, iindlulamthi eziselula ziqalisa ukuzimanya namaqela olutsha, zifunde ubuchule bokuphila nokuziqhelanisa nehlabathi elizingqongileyo.

2. ⁢Iimpawu zomzimba ezahlukileyo zendlulamthi

Iindlulamthi zineempawu zomzimba ezahlukileyo ezizenza zahluke kwizilwanyana. Olona phawu lwayo lucacileyo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ubude bayo obumangalisayo. Ezi zilwanyana zibalaseleyo zinobude obuphakathi kweemitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-6, nto leyo ezenza zibe sesona silwanyana siphakamileyo ehlabathini. Intamo yazo, nayo inde ngokungaqhelekanga, inokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-2 ubude, ivumela iindlulamthi ukuba zifikelele lula kumagqabi aphezulu emithi.

Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo lwezindlulamthi buboya bazo. Oku ⁢ kwenziwa ngamabala angaqhelekanga ahluka ngokwemilo⁢ kunye⁤ nombala⁤ ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Ukongeza ekusebenzeni njenge-camouflage kwindawo abahlala kuyo, uboya babo bukwasebenza njengomsebenzi wokulawula ubushushu, bubanceda bahlale bepholile kubushushu obugqithisileyo bemimandla yaseAfrika apho bahlala khona.

Into ekhethekileyo enxulumene nokwakheka kwayo lulwimi lwayo. Iindlulamthi zinolwimi olude nolurhabaxa olunokufikelela kuma-53 eesentimitha. Oku kubavumela ukuba bawandise umgama omde ukuze bafikelele awona magqabi anqabileyo. Ulwimi lwendlulamthi lumnyama ngombala, nto leyo eyikhuselayo elangeni luze luyithintele ukuba ingatshi ngoxa isitya kwincopho yemithi.

3. Inkqubo yokuvelisa iindlulamthi

El Iyamangalisa kwaye yahlukile kwi Ubukumkani bezilwanyana. Ezi zilwanyana zibalaseleyo zenza isiko elintsonkothileyo nelicokisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba zihlangane. Unyaka wonke, iinkunzi zilwela ilungelo lokukhwelana nemazi ethile. Lo "mlo" uquka ukubetha iintamo zabo kunye neentloko zabo ngokumelene nomnye, ukubonisa amandla kunye nokuchasana kwabo.

Yakuba indoda ifumene ilungelo lokukhwela iqabane, ihlamba imazi ngepheromone ekhethekileyo ukubonisa ukulungela kwayo, enokuthi ithathe imizuzu engama-20 kunye nemizuzu engama-60. Ngeli xesha, inkunzi izibeka emva kwemazi kwaye iyikhwelise, ifake incanca yayo kwilungu lobufazi. Esi senzo siyakhawuleza kwaye sisebenza kakuhle, kwaye intloko yenkunzi inokubonwa iphumela ngaphezulu kwentamo yemazi ngelixa kuhlangana.

Ukukhulelwa kwendlulamthi kuthatha ixesha elide Iinyanga ze15. Lakuba lidlulile eli xesha, imazi iyahamba iye kuzala. Inkqubo yokuzalwa iyamangalisa, ekubeni umntwana ewela phantsi ukusuka ekuphakameni ukuya kwi-2 yeemitha. Oku kungenxa yokuba intamo ende yendlulamthi ivumela intloko yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa ukuba iwe kuqala. Ngethamsanqa, amathole ayakwazi ukumelana nale mpembelelo kwaye avuke ngokukhawuleza ukuze aqalise ubomi babo kwi-savannah. Kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa, ithole sele likwazi ukuhamba kwaye lilandele unina, nto leyo ebanika inzuzo enkulu ngokuphila kwindawo yabo yendalo.

4. Ukuzalwa nokukhula komntwana wendlulamthi

Ixesha lokuzalwa: Ukuzalwa komntwana wendlulamthi sisiganeko esizaliswe ziimvakalelo kunye nommangaliso. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo yokuzala yenzeka ime ngeenyawo kwaye ithatha malunga neyure enye indlulamthi isuka emhlambini ikhangele indawo ezolileyo nekhuselekileyo yokuzalela ithole layo. Ebudeni beli xesha, indlulamthi iqalisa ukukhefuzela nentamo iyolula, njengoko ithole lilungiselela ukuthabatha amanyathelo okuqala emhlabeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amathole endlulamthi azalwa imilenze yangaphambili kunye nentloko kuqala, ukuwa emhlabeni kunye neempembelelo ezinamandla. Le mpembelelo ibalulekile ukuvuselela ukuphefumla kwakho kwaye uqinisekise isiqalo esisempilweni ebomini.

Uphuhliso lokuqala: Emva kokuba lizelwe, imveku yendlulamthi iphakama ngokukhawuleza ukuze yomeleze imilenze yalo. Kwimizuzu embalwa, sele ekwazi ukuma kwaye ahlolisise indawo yakhe. Ithole lijongwa ngenyameko ngunina, olikhothayo ukuze alicoce aze akhuthaze ukuhamba kwalo. Ukongeza, umama unceda⁢ ithole ukukhupha i-amniotic sac kwaye iphefumle okokuqala. Kwiiveki zokuqala, ithole litya kuphela ubisi lukamama, olutyebileyo kwizondlo kunye nezilwa-buhlungu ezibalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwalo.

Ukukhula⁢ kunye nokukhula: Njengoko usana lwendlulamthi lukhula, luqalisa ukuphonononga kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye abantwana. Bathanda ukwenza amaqela abizwa ngokuba zii-“cribs” apho badlala khona, babaleke kwaye bafunde izakhono eziyimfuneko ukuze baphile. Nangona zixhomekeke kubisi lwebele kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala, ngokuthe ngcembe ziqalisa ukufaka ukutya okuqinileyo ekutyeni kwazo, njengamagqabi namahlumelo amatsha. Njengoko ehambela phambili ekukhuleni, amathole endlulamthi afikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo aze azibandakanye nomhlambi, ekhulisa amathuba awo okukhuseleka nokuzala.

5. Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lokusinda kwelungu elitsha lepakethi

Iindlulamthi zizilwanyana ezinkulu nezimangalisayo ezithimba ingqalelo yomntu wonke. Noko ke, ukuzalwa komntwana omtsha kuyinkqubo ebalulekileyo ukuze olu didi luqhubeke luphila. Ebudeni beentsuku zokuqala zobomi, inkonyana yendlulamthi ijamelana nocelomngeni oluninzi kwindawo ehlala kuyo endle. Kubalulekile ukuba ipakethe ibonelele ngononophelo oluyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila kakuhle nokhuseleko lwelungu elitsha.

Isondlo esaneleyo: Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuphila kwethole lendlulamthi kukulinika ukutya okwaneleyo. Kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi balo, ithole lifumana isondlo salo kuphela kumthubi kanina, into enezondlo ezibalulekileyo. Njengoko likhula, intshontsho liqalisa ukutya amagqabi omthi kunye namahlumelo amatsha. Umhlambi kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba ithole liyafikelela kwintlobo-ntlobo zokutya ukuze likwazi ukufumana zonke izondlo eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwalo.

Ukukhuselwa kumarhamncwa: Kwiindawo ezihlala kuzo, iindlulamthi ezisesichengeni zisesichengeni sokuhlaselwa ngamarhamncwa afana neengonyama neengcuka. Ukukhusela ilungu elitsha ⁤ lepakethi,⁤ kubalulekile ukuba abantu abadala baphaphamele ⁤kuzoyikiso ezinokwenzeka kwaye benze ngokufanelekileyo. Iindlulamthi ezindala zisebenzisa ubude bazo kunye nepateni yamabala ukuze zifihle amantshontsho, nto leyo eyenza ukuba angabonakali kumarhamncwa. Ukongeza, umhlambi uhlala kunye kwaye wenze uhlobo “lodonga”⁢ olujikeleze ithole, lubonelela ⁢umqobo wokhuselo kuhlaselo olunokwenzeka.

6. Ulungelelwaniso lwenguquko oluvumela impumelelo yokuzala kweendlulamthi

Ukuziqhelanisa nokuziqhelanisa neendlulamthi zibalulekile ukuvumela impumelelo yazo yokuzala kunye nokuphila kweentlobo zazo ezikhethekileyo ziphuhliswe kwizigidi zeminyaka kwaye ziye zavumela ukuba ziphile kwindawo yazo yendalo, apho zijongene nemingeni eqhubekayo.

Enye yezona zinto ziqaphelekayo ukuziqhelanisa neendlulamthi intamo yakhe ende, okubavumela ukuba bafikelele kumagqabi aphezulu emithi, apho bafumana owona mthombo wabo ungundoqo wokutya. Le ntamo ende kakhulu isisiphumo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo ngokuthe ngcembe ekuphenduleni ukhuphiswano lwemithombo. Ukongeza, iindlulamthi nazo zinazo imilenze emide kwaye enamandla ezibanika amandla amakhulu, okubavumela ukuba bahambe ngokukhawuleza kwaye babaleke kumarhamncwa.

Olunye ulungelelwaniso olubalulekileyo lwezindlulamthi ulwimi lwayo olude nolunencasa, okubavumela ukuba bakhuphe amagqabi emithini ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu. Olu lwimi lunokufikelela kwiisentimitha ezingama-45 ubude kwaye lukhawuleza kakhulu, oluvumela ukuba bafikelele amagqabi angenakufikeleleka. Ngaphezu koko, ezi zidalwa zibalaseleyo ziye zakwenza oko inkqubo eyodwa ye-cardiovascular system okubavumela ukuba bagcine uxinzelelo lwegazi oluyimfuneko ukumpompa igazi kwingqondo yabo, nangona umgama omkhulu phakathi kwentliziyo kunye nentloko yabo.

7. Ukubaluleka ⁤ kokulondolozwa kweendlulamthi kunye nendawo yazo yendalo

Iindlulamthi, ii<em>griposaurs okanye ii<em>sauropods yayizizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezinkulu ezaziphila malunga neminyaka eyi-150 yezigidi eyadlulayo, ngexesha leJurassic zikhulu zaziphawulwa ngeentamo zazo ezinde kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukufikelela kwiikomityi zazo zemithi. amasebe neziqhamo, ezazifuna indawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo enezityalo ezininzi.

Ukugcinwa kweendlulamthi nendawo ezihlala kuyo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekwe ukusinda kwezi zidalwa zibalaseleyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu zezinye zezona zoyikiso ziphambili ezijongene nazo ezi zilwanyana. Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala yendalo kuthintela amathuba abo okondla kunye nokuzala, kubeka emngciphekweni ubukho babo. Kuyimfuneko ukuphumeza amanyathelo okukhusela kunye nokulondoloza ukugcina ukulingana kwi-ecosystems apho iindlulamthi zihlala khona.

Imfundo nokwazisa malunga⁤ ngundoqo ekukhuthazeni⁤ izenzo zokhuseleko.Kubalulekile⁣ ukuqonda ukuba ezi zilwanyana zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ikhosistim, inceda ⁢ukugcina ulungelelwano⁢ lwekhonkco lokutya kunye nokuba negalelo kwiyantlukwano yebhayoloji. Ukongeza, iindlulamthi zingumtsalane obalulekileyo wabakhenkethi, zenza ingeniso yezoqoqosho kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni Ke ngoko, ukubheja kulondolozo lwabo kuthetha iinzuzo zokusingqongileyo kunye nezentlalo zoqoqosho.