Indlela Yokulandelela

Ukukwazi ukulandelela indawo yezinto kunye nabantu kuye kwaba sisixhobo esisisiseko kuluntu lwethu lwanamhlanje. Ngokuhambela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwetekhnoloji, kuye kwaba lula ngakumbi kwaye kuchaneka ngakumbi ukulandelela indawo yezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga itekhnoloji eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukulandelela, kunye nezicelo ezisebenzayo kunye neenzuzo ezinikezelwa yinkqubo yokulandelela. Ukusuka kwindawo yephakheji ngexesha langempela ukubeka esweni izithuthi, siya kufumanisa ukuba ukulandelela kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kumacandelo ngamacandelo. Wamkelekile kolu phononongo lobuchwephesha "Indlela yokuKhangela".

1. Intshayelelo yokukhasa: iziseko zokuqonda ukuba ukhasa njani

Ukulandelela izinto okanye abantu yindlela evumela ukuba sazi indawo yabo okanye umkhondo kwisithuba kunye nexesha. Ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukuqonda iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko ezinxulumene nokulandela umkhondo ukuze kuphunyezwe. ngempumelelo. Ngezantsi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi ukuze uqonde indlela yokulandela umkhondo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulandelela, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zento okanye umntu oza kulandelwa. Ezinye zezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zisetyenziswayo ziquka ukusetyenziswa kweGPS, ukuchongwa kwamaza kanomathotholo (RFID), kunye nonxantathu wesiginali. Nganye kwezi ndlela zineenzuzo kunye nezithintelo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwimeko nganye.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukwenza umkhondo ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zingabandakanya izixhobo zokulandelela, ezifana neethegi okanye iithegi, ezibekwe kwinto okanye umntu oza kulandelwa, kunye nesofthiwe ekhethekileyo evumela ukuba idatha efunyenweyo ijongwe kwaye ihlalutywe. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imiba enxulumene nobumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lolwazi olufunyenwe ngokulandela umkhondo.

2. Ngoku ezona ndlela zisetyenziswayo kakhulu zokulandela umkhondo kunye nobuchule

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo kunye nobuchule obusetyenziswa ngokubanzi namhlanje ukukhangela kunye nokufumana ulwazi. Phakathi kwezona zibalulekileyo zezi:

1. I-Web Scraping: Obu buchule bubandakanya ukukhupha ulwazi kumaphepha ewebhu ngendlela ezenzekelayo. Izixhobo ezifana ne-BeautifulSoup kwiPython okanye iScrapy zisetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ikhowudi ye-HTML yamaphepha kunye nokukhupha idatha efunekayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amanye amaphepha anokufikelela kwiinkcukacha kunye nokusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo ekufuneka ihlonitshwe.

2. Ukulandelela ikhonkco: Ubuchwephesha busekelwe ekulandeleni amakhonkco akhoyo kwiphepha lewebhu ukufumana amaphepha amatsha kunye nokwandisa uphendlo. Ukukhangela ubunzulu-kokuqala (DFS) okanye ukukhangela ububanzi bokuqala (BFS) algorithms zisetyenziselwa ukunqumla amaphepha ngokucwangcisiweyo. Kubalulekile ukuseka indlela yokumisa ukunqanda ukuwela kwiilophu ezingapheliyo okanye ukuskrola kumaphepha angasebenziyo.

3. Uhlalutyo lwelogi: Kule ndlela, iifayile zelogi ezenziwe ngamaseva ewebhu okanye ezinye iinkqubo zihlalutywa ukufumana ulwazi oluxabisekileyo. Unokufumana idatha efana needilesi ze-IP zeendwendwe, awona maphepha atyelelwe kakhulu, amagama angundoqo asetyenziswa kuphando, phakathi kwabanye. Izixhobo ezifana ne-ELK Stack okanye i-Splunk zinika izisombululo zokuhlalutya ezi zigodo ngokufanelekileyo.

3. Ulandelelwa njani ngeenkqubo zokubeka indawo zehlabathi (GPS)

Ukuba ufuna ukulandelela indawo yento okanye umntu usebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka indawo zehlabathi (GPS), kukho iindlela ezininzi onokuzisebenzisa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba nesixhobo esifanelekileyo se-GPS, nokuba yi-smartphone okanye i-standalone GPS tracker. Ukongeza, uya kufuna uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi ukufikelela kulwazi lwendawo. Apha ngezantsi kukho amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele ukulandelela usebenzisa i-GPS.

1. Vula kwaye ulungise umsebenzi we-GPS kwisixhobo sakho: Uninzi lweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neetraki ze-GPS zinomsebenzi we-GPS owakhelwe ngaphakathi. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayivula kwaye uyilungiselele ngokuchanekileyo phambi kokuba uqale ukulandelela. Oku Ingenziwa kwisethingi yesixhobo. Kwakhona qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sakho sineemvume eziyimfuneko zokufikelela kwindawo.

2. Sebenzisa i-app yokulandelela: Kukho ii -apps zokulandelela ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwimarike eziza kukuvumela ukuba ulandele indawo yento okanye umntu nge-GPS. Ezinye zezi apps zisimahla, ngelixa ezinye zifuna umrhumo okanye intlawulo yexesha elinye. Khangela kwaye ukhethe ukhetho olulungele iimfuno zakho. Nje ukuba uyifakile i-app, landela imiyalelo enikiweyo ukuseta kwaye uqalise ukulandelela.

4. Ukusetyenziswa kwethekhnoloji yokulandelela irediyo (RFID)

Itekhnoloji yokulandelela irediyo yerediyo (RFID) ibhekisa kwisixokelelwano sokuchongwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusetyenziswa kweethegi ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zokufunda zerediyo. Le teknoloji iye yaguqula indlela yokulandela umkhondo kunye nolawulo lwe-inventri kumacandelo ahlukeneyo amashishini kunye nezorhwebo.

Inkqubo yokuphumeza iteknoloji yeRFID ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• 1. Ukukhethwa kwe Iithegi zeRFID: Kubalulekile ukukhetha iilebhile ezifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zokulandelela kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo eziza kusetyenziswa kuzo. Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeethegi ezikhoyo, ezifana nokwenziwa (ngaphandle kwebhetri), esebenzayo (ngebhetri) kunye ne-semi-passive.
• 2. Ukufakwa kwabafundi be-RFID: Abafundi be-RFID basetyenziselwa ukufunda kunye nokuqokelela ulwazi oluthunyelwa ngeethegi. Kufuneka zifakwe kwiindawo ezicwangcisiweyo ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokubeka iliso. Umfundi ngamnye kufuneka aqhagamshelwe kwikhompyuter okanye kwinethiwekhi ukuze aqhubeke kwaye agcine idatha eqokelelweyo.
• 3. Ubume beSoftware: Kuyimfuneko ukuba nesoftware ekhethekileyo evumela ulawulo kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha eqokelelwe ngabafundi beRFID. Le software kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba ilingane iimfuno zombutho zokulandelela uluhlu kunye nolawulo.

Isishwankathelo, iteknoloji yokulandelela i-radio frequency (RFID) sisisombululo esisebenzayo solawulo lwempahla kunye nokulandelwa kwezinto kumacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ngokulandela la manyathelo akhankanywe ngasentla, imibutho inokuphumeza ngempumelelo le teknoloji kwaye yandise iinkqubo zabo zolawulo lwempahla kunye ne-inventory.

5. Ukulandelela iDivaysi yeSelfowuni - Isishwankathelo soKhetho olukhoyo

Kukho iinketho ezininzi ezikhoyo zokulandelela isixhobo esiphathwayo. Apha ngezantsi sisishwankathelo sezinye zezi ndlela ezizezinye:

1. Usetyenziso olufakwe ngaphambili lokulandela umkhondo: Ezinye izixhobo eziphathwayo ziza kunye nezicelo zokulandelela ezifakwe ngaphambili. Ezi zicelo zikuvumela ukuba ulandele indawo yesixhobo xa sithe salahleka okanye sabiwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi apps zinxulunyaniswa neakhawunti yobuqu kwaye zibonelela ngeendlela zokutshixa isixhobo, ukucima idatha, okanye ukudlala izandi ze-alam.

2. Izicelo zomntu wesithathu: Kukho usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo lomntu wesithathu olukhoyo kwiimarike zeapp ezibonelela ngeempawu zokujonga isixhobo esiphathwayo. Ezi apps zihlala zibonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo, njengokukwazi ukuthatha imifanekiso yesikrini ekude, Rekhoda isandi okanye uthathe imifanekiso ngekhamera yesixhobo. Ukusebenzisa ezi zicelo, kuyimfuneko ngokubanzi ukuzifaka kwisixhobo esijoliswe kuyo kwaye dala i-akhawunti ezinxulumene. Ezinye zezi zicelo zikwavumela ukulandelela kude ngeqonga lewebhu.

3. Iinkonzo zokuKhangela ngeGPS: Izixhobo zala maxesha eziphathwayo zihlala zine-chip ye-GPS eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, evumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iinkonzo zokulandelela ezisekelwe kobu bugcisa. Ezi nkonzo, ngokubanzi ezinxulumene neakhawunti yomntu, zivumela izixhobo eziphathwayo ukuba zibekwe ngexesha langempela ngamaqonga ewebhu okanye usetyenziso lweselula. Ezinye iinkonzo zokulandela umkhondo weGPS zikwabonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo, ezinjengokuseta iizowuni zejografi ukufumana izilumkiso xa isixhobo singena okanye siphuma kwezo ndawo.

6. Izicelo zokulandela umkhondo kulungiselelo nolawulo lwezithuthi

Ukulandela umkhondo kulungiselelo nolawulo lwezithuthi sisixhobo esisisiseko sokwandisa iinkqubo nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweli candelo. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-geolocation, kunokwenzeka ukuba iinkampani zilandele umkhondo ochanekileyo wezithuthi zabo kunye nokuhanjiswa ngexesha lokwenyani. Olu lwazi lukuvumela ukuba wenze izigqibo ezizisiweyo zokwandisa iindlela, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi.

Esinye sezona zicelo ziqaphelekayo zokulandela umkhondo kulungiselelo nolawulo lwezithuthi kukuphuculwa kocwangciso lwendlela. Ndiyabulela kule teknoloji, kunokwenzeka ukuchonga indawo echanekileyo yesithuthi ngasinye kunye nomthwalo wayo, okuvumela ukudala iindlela ezisebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba. Ukongeza, iindlela ezinokuxinana kwezithuthi okanye izehlo ezisendleleni zinokuphetshwa, nto leyo enceda ukuthintela ukulibaziseka.

Esinye isicelo esibalulekileyo kulawulo lwezithuthi kunye nolawulo lolondolozo. Ngokulandela umkhondo, iinkampani zinokubeka esweni ukusetyenziswa kwesithuthi ngasinye, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kunye neeyure zokuqhuba. Oku kwenza kube lula ukubona amathuba okuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi kunye nokucwangciswa kolondolozo lothintelo ukuthintela ukonakaliswa okungalindelekanga. Ukongezelela, izilumkiso ezizenzekelayo kunye nezikhumbuzi zingasetwa kwiinguqu zeoli, ukuhlolwa kwexesha kunye nezinye izinto zokulondoloza.

7. Indlela yokulandelela izithuthi: izisombululo kunye nezixhobo zokulandelela ngokufanelekileyo

Kukho izisombululo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezikuvumela ukuba ulandelele izithuthi. indlela esebenzayo kwaye ichanekile. Ngezantsi zezinye zezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo zokhetho ukwenza olu hlolo:

Inkqubo yokuKhangela yeGPS: Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokulandelela izithuthi kukusebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka indawo yehlabathi (GPS). Ezi zixhobo zinokufakwa kwimoto kwaye zinike ulwazi lwexesha langempela malunga nendawo echanekileyo yesithuthi. Ukongeza, banikezela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nesantya esihamba ngaso isithuthi, umgama ohanjiweyo kunye nobude bohambo.

Ii-aplikeshini zeselfowuni: Enye indlela kukusebenzisa usetyenziso oluphathwayo oluyilelwe ngokukodwa ukulandelela isithuthi. Ezi zicelo zikuvumela ukuba ujonge indawo yemoto nge-smartphone yakho. Ezinye zazo zibonelela ngemisebenzi ephucukileyo efana nokuveliswa kweengxelo ezineenkcukacha, izaziso zesantya kunye ne-geo-fences, ebonisa xa isithuthi sishiya indawo echazwe kwangaphambili.

Amaqonga okulandelela kwi-Intanethi: Kukho amaqonga e-intanethi ezenza kube lula ukulandelela izithuthi kuso nasiphi na isixhobo esinokufikelela kwi-intanethi. La maqonga ahlala esebenza kunye neenkqubo ze-GPS ezifakwe kwizithuthi kwaye zivumela indawo yesithuthi ukuba iboniswe ngexesha lokwenyani kwimephu. Ukongeza, bahlala benezixhobo zolawulo ezikuvumela ukuba ujonge imbali yokuhamba, useke iindlela ezifanelekileyo kwaye ucwangcise izilumkiso ezenzelwe wena.

8. Ukulandelela izinto kunye neephakheji kwikhonkco lokubonelela

Yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko ekuthuthweni kwempahla. Ngethamsanqa, kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezikhoyo ezivumela oku kubeka esweni ukuba kuqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngezantsi luluhlu lwamanyathelo kunye neengcebiso zokwenza umkhondo ngempumelelo:

1. Sebenzisa iteknoloji yokumaka: Indlela eqhelekileyo yokulandelela izinto kunye neepakethi kukusetyenziswa kweethegi zokulandelela. Ezi lebhile ziqulethe ulwazi oluphambili, njengeebhakhowudi okanye iinombolo zesiriyali, ezivumela into ukuba ichongwe kwaye ilandelelwe kulo lonke ikhonkco lonikezelo. Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iteknoloji yokuleyibhela ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhawulezisa inkqubo.

2. Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuskena: Kubalulekile ukuba neenkqubo zokuskena kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwikhonkco lokubonelela. Ezi nkqubo zivumela ulwazi lwelebhile yokulandelela ukuba lubhalwe kwaye indawo yento okanye iphakheji ihlaziywe ngexesha langempela. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okukhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekulandeleni umkhondo.

3. Sebenzisa isoftware yolawulo: Ukuququzelela ukulandelela kunye nokulawulwa kwezinto kunye neepakethe kwikhonkco lokubonelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isoftware yolawulo olukhethekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba ugcine irekhodi ecacileyo yokunyakaza kunye neendawo zezinto, kunye nokuvelisa iingxelo kunye nezibalo zokuphucula ukucwangciswa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Ngamafutshane, ngumba obalulekileyo wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko ekuthuthweni kweempahla. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuleyibheli, iinkqubo zokuskena kunye nesoftware yolawulo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza oku kulandelela ngempumelelo. Ukuphumeza ezi zixhobo kunye nokulandela amanyathelo akhankanywe kuya kunceda ukwandisa ikhonkco lokubonelela kunye nokubonelela ngenkonzo engcono kubathengi.

9. Indlela yokulandelela abantu ngokuthembekileyo nangokuziphatha

Ngexesha letekhnoloji kunye nolwazi, ukulandelwa kwabantu kuye kwafumana ukufaneleka okubalulekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwenza lo mkhwa ngokuthembekileyo nangendlela esesikweni, kuhlonelwe amalungelo kunye nemfihlo yabantu ababandakanyekayo. Nazi ezinye izikhokelo zokulandelela abantu ngokufanelekileyo:

1. Fumana imvume: Ngaphambi kokuqala nayiphi na inkqubo yokulandela umkhondo, kubalulekile ukufumana imvume yomntu ofuna ukumlandela. Oku kubandakanya ukubaxelela injongo yokulandelela kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba bayavumelana. Ukongeza, kufuneka ubanike ulwazi olucacileyo noluselubala malunga nendlela eza kusetyenziswa ngayo ulwazi lwabo.

2. Sebenzisa imithombo yoluntu kunye nesemthethweni: Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa kuphela imithombo yoluntu kunye nesemthethweni yokulandelela abantu. Kuphephe ukufikelela kulwazi lwabucala okanye ukusebenzisa iindlela ezingekho mthethweni zokufumana iinkcukacha. Kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nogcino-lwazi olukhoyo kwi-intanethi olukuvumela ukuba ufikelele kulwazi loluntu ngendlela esesikweni nethembekileyo.

3. Khusela ubumfihlo: Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulandelela, kubalulekile ukukhusela imfihlo yabantu ababandakanyekayo. Ungaze wabelane ngolwazi lomntu olufunyenweyo ngaphandle kwenjongo esemthethweni kwaye uphephe ukusasaza idatha ebuthathaka ngokungeyomfuneko. Khumbula ukuba ubumfihlo lilungelo elisisiseko kwaye kufuneka uluphathe ngenkathalo nangemfihlo ulwazi olufunyenweyo.

Ngamafutshane, ukulandelela abantu kufuneka kwenziwe ngenkathalo nangeenqobo ezisesikweni, kuhlala kuhlonitshwa ubumfihlo kunye namalungelo abantu ababandakanyekayo. Fumana imvume, sebenzisa imithombo yoluntu nesemthethweni, kwaye ukhusele ubumfihlo ngamaxesha onke. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, uya kukwazi ukuqhuba umkhondo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uphephe nakuphi na ubumfihlo okanye ukwaphulwa kwemigaqo yokuziphatha kule nkqubo.

10. Indima yokulandela umkhondo kukhuseleko nothintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho

Ukulandela umkhondo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kukhuseleko nothintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngobuchule bokulandela umkhondo kunye nomkhondo, abasemagunyeni banokuqokelela ulwazi olubalulekileyo lokusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokuthintela ukwenzeka kwabo. Ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukulandelela kusebenza njani kwaye zeziphi izixhobo ezisebenzayo kunye nobuchule bokusetyenziswa kwayo.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokulandela umkhondo kukukwazi ukuseka unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuhlalutya idatha yendawo, kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa kumntu ngendawo ethile okanye isiganeko. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa uphanda ulwaphulo-mthetho, njengoko kukuvumela ukuba wakhe ngokutsha ulandelelwano lwamaxesha kwaye useke iipatheni zokuziphatha.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ekulandeleni umkhondo, enye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo luhlalutyo lwasenkundleni lwezixhobo zombane. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kunye noviwo oluneenkcukacha ezigcinwe kwiikhompyutha, iifowuni eziphathwayo okanye ezinye izixhobo. Ukwenza oku, zombini isoftware ekhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezibonakalayo zisetyenziswa. Ukongeza, kukho ii-database kunye namaqonga e-intanethi aququzelela ukulandelela kunye nokuqokelelwa kolwazi olufanelekileyo, olukhawulezisa kakhulu inkqubo yophando.

11. Uhlalutyo lwedatha ekulandeleleni umkhondo: indlela yokusebenzisa ulwazi oluqokelelweyo

Ukufumana okuninzi kulwazi oluqokelelweyo ekulandeleleni uhlalutyo lwedatha, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yobuchule. Inyathelo lokuqala kukulungelelanisa nokucoca idatha eqokelelweyo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuphelisa iimpazamo, iimpinda kunye nedatha engabalulekanga ukuqinisekisa isiseko sedatha icocekile kwaye inokuthenjwa.

Emva kokuba idatha ihlambulukile, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukwenza uhlalutyo lokuhlola ukufumana ukuqonda ngokubanzi kwedatha. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchule bokubonwa kwedatha, njengeegrafu kunye neetshathi, ukuchonga iipateni, iintsingiselo, kunye nolungelelwaniso olunokwenzeka. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwenza izibalo ezisisiseko zokubala, ezinje ngentsingiselo, i-median, kunye nokutenxa okusemgangathweni, ukufumana ingqiqo enzulu kwidatha.

Nje ukuba uhlalutyo lophononongo lwenziwe, ungaqhubela phambili kuhlalutyo oluphambili ngakumbi ukuze ukhuphe ulwazi oluthe kratya. Oku kunokubandakanya uhlalutyo lwe-clustering, uhlalutyo lokuhlehla, kunye nohlalutyo lwexesha. Ezi ndlela zikuvumela ukuba uchonge amaqela angaphantsi kwidatha, uqikelele amaxabiso exesha elizayo kunye nokuziphatha kwemodeli ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nesofthiwe yokwenza olu hlalutyo, njenge-R, Python kunye ne-Excel, enika uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi kunye nobuchule.

12. Ukubaluleka kokulandelela ekufumaneni izinto ezibiweyo

13. Imingeni kunye nezithintelo zokulandela umkhondo: izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe phambi kokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo

Phambi kokuphumeza inkqubo yokulandelela umkhondo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imingeni kunye nezithintelo ezinokuvela ngexesha lenkqubo. Ezi zinto zinokuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekuphumeleleni kwenkqubo. Ngezantsi yimiba ephambili ekufuneka uyikhumbule:

• Ubumfihlo bedatha: Ukulandelela kubandakanya ukuqokelela nokugcina idatha yomsebenzisi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho esebenzayo yabucala kunye nemigaqo iyalandelwa. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuba neendlela ezaneleyo zokukhusela nokuqinisekisa ubumfihlo bolwazi oluqokelelweyo.
• Exactitud y precisión: Inkqubo yokulandelela kufuneka ichaneke kwaye ichaneke kangangoko ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuqwalasela umgangatho wezixhobo kunye nezivamvo ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nemfuno yokulinganisa kunye nokugcinwa kwamaxesha athile.
• Ungenelelo kunye nemiqobo: Indawo apho ukulandelela kuya kwenziwa khona kunokubonisa imiqobo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuchaphazela umgangatho womqondiso. Kubalulekile ukuhlalutya kunye nokunciphisa ezi ngxaki zinokwenzeka, mhlawumbi ngokusetyenziswa kwee-eriyali ezikhethekileyo okanye ukubeka ngobuchule izixhobo.

Ukongeza kwezi meko, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iindleko zezemali nezabasebenzi ezifunekayo ukuphumeza nokugcina inkqubo yokulanda umkhondo. Ukuqulunqa isicwangciso esineenkcukacha, ukwenza uvavanyo lwangaphambili kunye novavanyo, kunye nokuba nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokoyisa imingeni kunye nezithintelo ezinxulumene nokulandela umkhondo. Ngokucwangciswa okufanelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okulungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukwandisa inzuzo yenkqubo yokulandelela kunye nokunciphisa imiqobo enokuthi ivele endleleni.

14. Iintsingiselo kunye nenkqubela phambili kwinkalo yokulandela umkhondo: lisiphathele ntoni ikamva?

Kwintsimi yokulandela umkhondo, iintsingiselo kunye nokuqhubela phambili zihlala zivela, kwaye ikamva libukeka linomdla kwaye ligcwele izinto ezinokwenzeka. Enye yeenkqubela phambili eziphambili ezilindelekileyo kwiminyaka ezayo sisicelo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwibala lokulandela umkhondo. Ngokusebenzisa i-algorithms ephezulu, i kukubhadla okungeyonyani Uya kukwazi ukuhlalutya amanani amakhulu edatha ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo, okukuvumela ukuba uchonge iipateni kunye neendlela zokuziphatha kwabantu okanye umkhondo wezinto.

Omnye umkhwa okulindeleke ukuba ube nempembelelo enkulu kwibala lokulandela umkhondo kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokulandelela ixesha langempela. Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-sensor kunye nezixhobo ezihlakaniphile kuya kuvumela ulwazi ukuba lubanjwe kwaye luhanjiswe ngexesha langempela, okwenza kube lula ukulandelela izinto ezihambayo okanye abantu. Oku kuya kuba luncedo ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifana nolungiselelo kunye nokhuseleko, apho ukulandelela rhoqo kunye nokuchanekileyo kuyadingeka.

Ukongeza, ibala lokulandela umkhondo kulindeleke ukuba lixhamle kwinkqubela phambili ye-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT). Ngokunyuka kwezixhobo ezixhunyiwe, ezifana nezinxibo kunye neenzwa ezifakwe kwiimveliso, kuya kwenzeka ukulandelela nokubeka iliso kwizinto ezininzi kunye nabantu ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo. Oku kuya kuvula amathuba amatsha kwimimandla efana nolawulo lwempahla, ulungiselelo kunye nokhuseleko lomntu.

Ngamafutshane, ikamva lentsimi yokulandelela lithembisa ukuba linomdla kwaye ligcwele ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukusetyenziswa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani kunye nokwandiswa kwe-Intanethi yeZinto zezinye zemizekelo yeendlela kunye nenkqubela phambili esilindeleyo. Oku kuhambela phambili kuya kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kokulandela umkhondo, okuya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimimandla efana nokulungiselela, ukhuseleko kunye nolawulo lwempahla. Masilungele ikamva apho ukulandelela kungasayi kuba ngumsebenzi onzima, kodwa kunokuba isisombululo esisebenzayo nesifikelelekayo.

Ngamafutshane, ukulandelela, nokuba yintoni na injongo, kuye kwaba yimfuneko kwixesha ledijithali. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, siye sabona indlela iindlela zokulandela umkhondo kunye nezixhobo eziye zaphucuka ngakumbi kwaye zichanekile. Ukusuka ekufumaneni indawo yesixhobo ilahlekile ekulandeleni ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kwi-intanethi, ukulandelela kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo kubo bobabini abantu kunye namashishini.

Kweli nqaku sihlolisise ingcamango yokulandelela kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, nokuba usebenzisa i-GPS, idilesi ye-IP, iikuki okanye iithegi ze-pixel. Sikwaqaqambise ukubaluleka kokufumana imvume efanelekileyo kunye nokuhlonipha ubumfihlo bomsebenzisi kwinkqubo yokulandela umkhondo.

Ukongeza, siye saxoxa ngeempembelelo zokuziphatha kunye nezomthetho ezijikeleze umkhondo, kubandakanywa nemigaqo yokhuseleko lwedatha kunye nemithetho ekufuneka abantu kunye namashishini baqaphele xa beqhuba imisebenzi yokulandela umkhondo.

Ngelixa ukulandelela kunokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nobuntu beenkonzo, kubalulekile ukulinganisa ezi zibonelelo ngokuhlonipha ubumfihlo kunye nokukhuselwa kwedatha yomntu. Abasebenzisi kufuneka babe nolawulo lokuba balandelelwa njani kwaye nini, kwaye kufuneka baziswe malunga nokuba yeyiphi idatha eqokelelweyo kunye nokuba isetyenziselwa ntoni iinjongo.

Ukuqukumbela, ukulandelela kuyindlela yobugcisa eye yavela ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ibe yinxalenye yelizwe lethu ledijithali. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukusondela ekulandeleni ngokuthembekileyo nangokuziphatha, uqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nobumfihlo babasebenzisi ngamaxesha onke.