Inqaku lobuGcisa: "Indlela yokutyala iiorenji"
Izityalo eziorenji yinkqubo kubalulekile kwabo banomdla ekukhuliseni i-citrus yabo. Nokuba ukonwabela iziqhamo ezitsha, ezinejusi ekhaya okanye useka ishishini lezolimo, ukwazi amanyathelo ayimfuneko ekulinyweni kweeorenji kubalulekile. Kweli phepha limhlophe, siza kuphonononga ezona ndlela zisebenzayo kunye neengcebiso zazo ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokutyala eyimpumelelo kwaye ufumane imithi e-orenji esempilweni nenemveliso.
Isinyathelo se1: Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo kunye nomhlaba
Inyathelo lokuqala ekulimeni iorenji ngempumelelo kukukhetha olona hlobo lufanelekileyo lweorenji kwingingqi yakho kwaye uqwalasele uhlobo lomhlaba ofuna ukuwulima. Iindidi ezilungelelaniswe nemozulu yendawo kufuneka zifunwe, kuthathelwe ingqalelo ubushushu, ukufuma kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kweqabaka. Ukongeza, umhlaba kufuneka ube ne-drainage efanelekileyo kunye ne-pH elinganayo ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okufanelekileyo komthi.
Isinyathelo se2: Ukulungiswa komhlaba nokutyala
Nje ukuba kukhethwe uhlobo olufanelekileyo kunye nomhlaba, kuyafuneka lungisa umhlaba kakuhle ukutyala yeeorenji. Oku kubandakanya ukususa ukhula, ukuqhekeza umhlaba, kunye nokwenza uvavanyo lomhlaba ukufumanisa ukuba kuyafuneka kusini na ukulungiswa. Ukutyala kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngokubanzi entwasahlobo, xa amaqondo obushushu ekulungele ukukhula. yezityalo.
Isinyathelo se3: Ukunyamekela emva kokutyala
Emva kokuba iiorenji zilinyiwe, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngononophelo olufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kwemithi. Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunye okwaneleyo kubalulekile kunyaka wokuqala, ekubeni izityalo zifuna ukubonelelwa rhoqo ngamanzi ukuze zimisele iingcambu zazo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukufaka izichumisi ngokufanelekileyo kwaye wenze ukuthena rhoqo ukukhuthaza ukukhula okulinganayo.
Ekugqibeleni, Ukutyala i-orenji kufuna ulwazi lobugcisa kunye nenkathalo ethile, eziyimfuneko ekufumaneni imithi yeorenji esempilweni kunye neziqhamo ezisemgangathweni. Ngokulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo, ukukhetha iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nomhlaba, kunye nokubonelela ngononophelo oluyimfuneko, kuya kwenzeka ukuba ujabulele isityalo se-orenji esiyimpumelelo kwaye usebenzise inzuzo yayo eninzi.
– Ukulungiswa komhlaba ukuze kulinywe iiorenji
Ukulungiswa komhlaba wokulima iiorenji
Ukulungisa umhlaba ngendlela eyiyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukulima okuorenji okunempumelelo.. Ngaphambi kokuba siqalise, kufuneka sihlole umgangatho womhlaba kwindawo elungiselelwe ukulinywa. Umhlaba otyebileyo ngezondlo ezifana ne potassium, initrogen kunye ne phosphorus, kunye nepH ephakathi kwe 6.0 kunye ne 7.0, iyakunika iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwemithi yeorenji. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo lomhlaba luyacetyiswa ukugqiba isichumiso esithile kunye neemfuno zokulungisa.
Okokuqala, Kubalulekile ukucoca nokususa naziphi na izityalo ezingafunwayo kwindawo yokutyala. Oku kuquka ingca, ukhula kunye namatyholo anokuthi akhuphisane ngezondlo kunye namanzi ngemithi yeorenji. Wakuba ususiwe, ungaqhubeleka nokulima umhlaba ubunzulu obungama-30 centimeters, uqinisekise ukuba uyawaphula amagada omhlaba kwaye wenze kube lula ukungena kweengcambu.
Ke Ubume bomhlaba kufuneka buphuculwe ngokugalela izinto eziphilayo, ezifana nomgquba obole kakuhle okanye umgquba. Lo mbandela wezinto eziphilayo uya kunceda ukugcina umswakama kunye nezondlo, kunye nokubonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo yokuphuhliswa kwee-microorganisms eziluncedo. Kubalulekile ukudibanisa izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni phambi kokutyala imithi ye-orenji, ukuxuba ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusabalalisa okufanayo. Ukongezwa kwesanti okanye i-perlite kukwacetyiswa ukuba kuphuculwe i-drainage kumhlaba onzima okanye wodongwe.
Ukwandisa isivuno semithi yethu yeeorenji, Ukulungiswa ngobuchule komhlaba linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokulima. Ngokulandela la manyathelo, siya kuba sidala iziseko zomhlaba ochumileyo, olungeleleneyo nowomileyo, olungele ukukhula kwezityalo zethu. Khumbula, isiqwenga somhlaba zilungiswe kakuhle Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isivuno esisempilweni nesininzi seeorenji ezimnandi.
– Ukukhetha uhlobo olululo lweorenji oza kulityala
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Xa ukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lweorenji oza kulityala, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezininzi eziya kuchaphazela ukukhula nophuhliso lwemithi kunye nomgangatho weziqhamo. Ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yesityalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo oluorenji oluhambelana nemozulu kunye neemeko zomhlaba zaloo ndawo. iimeko zemozulu Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwisivuno semithi kunye nomgangatho weeorenji, ngoko yintoni efunekayo Vavanya ubushushu obuphakathi, ukufuma, ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokumelana neqabaka kulo mmandla.
Kwakhona, uhlobo lomhlaba Isigqibo sokuphuhliswa kweengcambu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kwimithi ye-orenji. Kubalulekile ukuhlalutya ukumila, ukukhupha amanzi kunye nezondlo ezinikezelwa ngumhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okwaneleyo kwezityalo. Ezinye iindidi eziorenji zithanda umhlaba onesanti, otsalwe kakuhle, logama ezinye ziwufanelekela ngcono umhlaba wodongwe okanye oluvunduvundu. Ukwazi iimpawu zomhlaba wethu kuya kusivumela ukuba sikhethe iindidi eziziqhelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo neemeko zangoku.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo sebenzisa oko sijonge ukunika iiorenji.
Ukuba injongo kukusetyenziswa okutsha, kufuneka sikhethe iintlobo eziswiti kunye nejusi yeeorenji. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba sifuna ukuzisebenzisa ikakhulu kwi-industrial processing, kufuneka sikhethe iindidi ezinomxholo ophezulu we-asidi kunye ne-peel encinci, ilungele ukuveliswa kwejusi okanye ijam. Ngaphaya koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba sithathele ingqalelo ixesha lokuvuthwa lodidi ngalunye, sikhethe ezo zivuno zazo zihambelana neemfuno zethu kunye nemarike ekujoliswe kuyo. Isishwankathelo, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-orenji lokutyala lusekelwe kwizinto zemozulu, iimpawu zomhlaba kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziqhamo.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokutyala iiorenji, unokujonga amanqaku ahambelanayo kwiwebhusayithi yethu. Ezi ziya kubonelela ngesikhokelo esipheleleyo senkqubo yokutyala, ukusuka ekulungiseleleni umhlaba ukuya kukhathalelo lwasemva kwemithi. Khumbula ukuba ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo linyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa isityalo esinempumelelo. Qala namhlanje ukonwabela izibonelelo zokuba neorenji yakho entsha ekhaya okanye egadini yakho!
– Ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo lokuqala lwemithi eorenji
Ukulungiswa komhlaba:
La ukutyalwa kwe-orenji kufuna ukulungiswa okwaneleyo komhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo nokunemveliso. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe indawo kunye Ukukhanya kwelanga kakuhle kwaye inomhlaba okhukuliswe kakuhle. Ngaphambi kokutyala, kuyacetyiswa coca umhlaba, ukuphelisa ukhula namatye anokuthintela ukukhula kweengcambu. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwenza uhlalutyo lomhlaba ukuqinisekisa iimpawu zawo kunye nokulungelelanisa i-pH yawo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ukukhethwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezithole:
Xa ukhetha i izithole eziorenji, kufuneka ukhethe abo banenkqubo efanelekileyo yeengcambu, isiqu esithe tye kunye nokuphakama okwaneleyo. Ngaphambi kokutyala, kuyacetyiswa ukucwina iingcambu emanzini iiyure ezimbalwa ukuya phinda uzifake emanzini kunye nokuphucula amandla ayo okuhluma. Ngokunjalo, amasebe asezantsi anokuthenwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokuququzelela uphuhliso lwesithsaba sexesha elizayo.
Inkqubo yokutyala kunye nokhathalelo lokuqala:
ukuba tyala imithi yeorenji, kuyimfuneko ukumba umngxuma obanzi kunye nobunzulu ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela iingcambu ngaphandle kokugoba. Emva kokubeka i-seedling emngxunyeni, igcwele umhlaba, uqinisekisa ukuphelisa naziphi na iipokotshi zomoya ezijikeleze iingcambu. Emva kokutyala, kuyacetyiswa amanzi amaninzi kunye ne-mulch ejikeleze isiqu ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokuthintela ukukhula kokhula. Kwiinyanga zokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunye nokukhusela izityalo ezincinci kwiqabaka kunye nezifo.
– Ulawulo lwezinambuzane nezifo kwizityalo eziorenji
Ulawulo lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo kwizityalo eziorenji
Thena ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ugcine impilo yemithi yeorenji. Ukuthena kuyinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokugcina impilo kunye namandla emithi ye-orenji. Ngexesha lasebusika, kubalulekile ukususa amasebe afileyo okanye anesifo, kunye nalawo ma-suckers achaphazela ukukhula okufanelekileyo kwesityalo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithi yondliwa kakuhle kwaye ifumana umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamanzi ukuthintela ukuqala kwezifo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezityebileyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunokunceda ukuqinisa imithi kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa izinambuzane kunye nezifo.
Chonga kwaye ulawule ngokufanelekileyo izitshabalalisi eziqhelekileyo kwimithi yeorenji. Izinambuzane zingabangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithi ye-orenji, ukunciphisa imveliso kunye nomgangatho. Kubalulekile ukufunda ukuchonga ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo, ezifana ne-whiteflies, mites kunye ne-aphid, ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuthintela. Ukusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi zendalo kunye neemveliso ze-organic kunokuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokulawula izinambuzane ngaphandle kokonakalisa ngileyo. Ukongezelela, ukugadwa rhoqo kwemithi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwangethuba konyango oluthile kunokuthintela ukwanda kwezinambuzane kunye nokugcina impilo yezityalo.
Thintela kwaye unyange ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezichaphazela imithi ye-orenji. Izifo yenye into exhalabisayo ekulinyweni kweeorenji. Ulwazi nothintelo ngundoqo ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwezifo ezifana nokubola kweengcambu, indawo yamagqabi, okanye ukungunda okungwevu. Ukukhuthaza ukuhamba kakuhle komoya phakathi kwemithi kunye nokugcina indawo engqongileyo ecocekileyo engenankunkuma yezityalo ngamanyathelo ayimfuneko othintelo. Kwimeko yokufunyaniswa kwaso nasiphi na isifo, ukusetyenziswa kwee-fungicides ezifanelekileyo kunye nonyango lwakwangoko lubalulekile ukulawula ukusasazeka kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo kwimveliso ye-orenji.
- Ukuvuna kunye nokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeorenji
Ukuvuna kunye nokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeorenji
Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga ukubaluleka kokuvuna kunye nokugcina iiorenji ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuqina kwesiqhamo. Ukufumana iiorenji ezinencasa eswiti kunye nencindi, kubalulekile ukuzivuna ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuvuthwa. Umba ongundoqo omawuthathelwe ingqalelo kukuvuthwa kwangaphakathi kwesiqhamo, esinokumiselwa ngokulinganisa ubumuncu kunye noxinzelelo lweswekile.
Xa sele ulungele ukuvuna iiorenji, qiniseka ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali, ezicocekileyo ukuphepha ukonakalisa isiqhamo. Kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuvuna ngamaxesha okufuma okuphezulu okanye imvula enkulu, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela kwizifo zefungal kunye nobomi obufutshane beshelufu yemveliso. Kwakhona, ziphathe ngononophelo iiorenji ukuphepha imikrwelo kunye namanxeba, njengoko oku kunokukhawulezisa ukubola kunye nokunciphisa umgangatho uwonke wesiqhamo.
Emva kokuvuna, kubalulekile ugcino olufanelekileyo ukugcina iiorenji zintsha ixesha elide. Qiniseka ukuba ususa nasiphi na isiqhamo esonakeleyo okanye ezo zineempawu zesifo ukuthintela ukwanda kweengxaki kwezinye iiorenji. Ukongezelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubophe i-orange nganye ephepheni okanye uzibeke kwiibhokisi zeplastiki ezinemingxuma ukuze kungene umoya omhle. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukwakheka kokufuma kwaye ngoko ke ukubunjwa komngundo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina iiorenji kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, kude yokukhanya ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nezinye iziqhamo ezinokukhupha iigesi ze-ethylene kunye nokukhawuleza ukuvuthwa.
Ngamafutshane, ukonwabela iiorenji ezisemgangathweni, kubalulekile isivuno ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye uziphathe ngononophelo ngexesha lenkqubo. Ngaphandle koko, zigcine kakuhle Kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo iya kuthintela ukubola kwangaphambi kwexesha kwaye igcine incasa yayo kunye ne-juiciness ixesha elide. Landela ezi zikhokelo ukonwabela iiorenji ezintsha, ezimnandi ekhayeni lakho lonke ixesha lonyaka.
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