Isitshixo se-Intanethi: Isixhobo esibalulekileyo sokugcina ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi.
La isitshixo se-intanethi Lilungu elisisiseko kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi engenazingcingo. Esi sixhobo sikuvumela ukuba ukhusele ulwazi oludluliselwe kwinethiwekhi kwaye uthintele ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ukhuseleko kwi-Intanethi ngumba obalulekileyo okwangoku, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo kunye nosoyikiso olongezelelekileyo lwe-cyber. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda ukuba i-password ye-Intanethi isebenza njani kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kubalulekile kuye nawuphi na umsebenzisi.
Yintoni igama eligqithisiweyo le-intanethi?
A isitshixo se-intanethi, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-password yothungelwano, yindibaniselwano yoonobumba, amanani, kunye neempawu ezisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo ngokukhuselekileyo. Eli gama lokugqithisa lahlukile kwaye lilomntu, kwaye kufuneka limiselwe ngumlawuli wenethiwekhi okanye umnini werutha. Isitshixo se-Intanethi sisetyenziselwa ukukhusela inethiwekhi engenazingcingo kunye nedatha ejikeleza kuyo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ubumfihlo kunye nokuphepha ukuhlaselwa okunokwenzeka okanye ukungena.
Ukubaluleka kweqhosha le-Intanethi
Ukubaluleka kokuseka a isitshixo se-intanethi okwaneleyo kulele ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwe inethiwekhi yethu kunye nolwazi esiludluliselayo. Inethiwekhi engenalo igama eligqithisiweyo okanye ngesitshixo esibuthathaka yinto ekujoliswe kuyo ngokulula kubaduni kunye namaqela akhohlakeleyo azama ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa. Ngokuseka isitshixo esikhuselekileyo se-Intanethi, uthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwinethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo, ukukhusela idatha yobuqu kunye nokuthintela ubuqhophololo obunokwenzeka okanye ukubiwa kolwazi.
Iingcebiso zokuseka iqhosha le-Intanethi elikhuselekileyo
Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele izikhokelo ezithile xa useka a isitshixo se-intanethi. Okokuqala, kufuneka usebenzise indibaniselwano yoonobumba (uphezulu kunye nomncinci), amanani, kunye neempawu ezikhethekileyo. Ukongeza, kufuneka ukuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqikelelwayo, njengemihla yokuzalwa okanye amagama okuqala. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe ixesha lokugqitha kwi-Intanethi kwaye uyigcine iyimfihlo, ukwabelana ngayo nabantu abathembekileyo kuphela.
Ngamafutshane, isitshixo se-intanethi Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuchanekileyo kukuvumela ukuba ukhusele ulwazi olugqithisiweyo, ugcine ubumfihlo babasebenzisi kwaye uthintele ukufikelela ngaphandle kwemvume. Ukuseka i-password ekhuselekileyo ye-Intanethi kunye nokulandela iingcebiso ezisisiseko kuqwalaselo lwayo kubalulekile ukugcina intembeko yothungelwano lwethu kunye nokukhusela idatha yethu uqhagamshelo olukhulayo nokusingqongileyo okusemngciphekweni.
Isitshixo se-Intanethi: Yonke into ofuna ukuyazi
Ukhuseleko lwephasiwedi ye-Intanethi: Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa ulungiselela isitshixo se-intanethi lukhuseleko. Kubalulekile ukukhetha igama eliyimfihlo elomeleleyo nelikhethekileyo ukukhusela inethiwekhi yethu kunye nokuthintela amaqela angaphandle angagunyaziswanga ekufikeleleni kuwo. Kule nto, kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa udibaniso lweeleta eziphezulu kunye nezantsi, amanani kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe igama eliyimfihlo ngamaxesha athile kwaye ungabelani ngalo nabantu abangaziwayo.
Iintlobo zoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo: Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhusela izitshixo ze-intanethi. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-WPA2 (i-Wi-Fi eKhuselweyo yoFikelelo lwesi-2) iprotocol, ebonelela ukhuseleko olukhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokwandulelayo, i-WEP (uBucala obuLingeneyo ngeeNcingo). I-WPA2 isebenzisa i-algorithm eyomeleleyo kwaye kunzima ukuyiqhekeza. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uvule ukhetho lokufihla igama lenethiwekhi (SSID) ukunqanda abanye abasebenzisi zama ukufikelela kuqhagamshelwano lwethu.
Ukongeza kwi-WPA2, kukho ezinye iiprothokholi zokhuseleko ezifana ne-WPA3, ebonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu kuhlaselo lwamandla akhohlakeleyo kwaye inike uqinisekiso olukhuseleke ngakumbi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-router kunye nezixhobo ezixhunyiwe ziyahambelana nezi protocols ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwenethiwekhi yethu.
Ukugcinwa kwesitshixo se-intanethi: Kubalulekile ukugcina isitshixo se-intanethi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ekulula ukufikelela kuyo, kodwa kunzima ukufikelela kwabanye. Kucetyiswa ukuba ugweme ukubhala igama lokugqitha kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke okanye ukwabelana ngalo ngemiyalezo ebhaliweyo okanye nge-imeyile. A indlela ekhuselekileyo Ukuyigcina kukusebenzisa izicelo okanye abaphathi be-password, ezisivumela ukuba sigcine zonke izitshixo zethu kwindawo enye, zikhuselwe yi-master key. Ngale ndlela, sithintela umngcipheko wokulibala okanye ukuphulukana nephasiwedi kwaye siqinisekise ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yethu.
Yintoni isitshixo se-intanethi?
La isitshixo se-intanethi ligama lokugqithisa elisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ze-intanethi, ezifana iinethiwekhi zoluntu, i-imeyile kunye nebhanki ye-intanethi. Eli qhosha lalodwa kwaye lenzelwe umsebenzisi ngamnye, eliqinisekisa ukhuseleko lolwazi kwaye linqanda ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwiiakhawunti. Kubalulekile ukukhetha i-password ekhuselekileyo ye-intanethi edibanisa iileta, amanani kunye neempawu, kwaye oko akulula ukuqikelela.
Xa usenza i-akhawunti kuyo nayiphi na inkonzo ye-intanethi, uyafuneka ngokubanzi ukuba useke a isitshixo se-intanethi. Le pasiwedi kufuneka ikhunjulwe ngumsebenzisi kwaye igcinwe iyimfihlo ukunqanda umngcipheko wokugqekeza okanye ubuthathaka bokhuseleko. Ngokhuseleko olukhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe igama lokugqithisa le-intanethi ngamaxesha athile kwaye ungasebenzisi igama eliyimfihlo kwiiakhawunti ezahlukeneyo.
La igama lokugqitha le-intanethi Kufana nesitshixo esivula umnyango wehlabathi ledijithali eligcwele izinto ezinokwenzeka. Ngesi sitshixo, unokufikelela kulwazi lomntu siqu, wenze utshintshiselwano lwezemali, uthumele kwaye ufumane ii-imeyile, kwaye usebenzisane abanye abantu kwiintanethi zentlalo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nokugcina igama eliyimfihlo le-Intanethi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile, ukuphepha naluphi na uhlobo lobuqhophololo okanye ubusela bezazisi.
Sisebenza njani isitshixo se-intanethi?
La isitshixo se-intanethi yikhowudi efunekayo ukudibanisa kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ekhuselweyo. Eli qhosha lenziwe ludibaniso lweempawu zealphanumeric ezibonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nobumfihlo kuthungelwano. Nje ukuba isitshixo esichanekileyo sifakiwe, uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo lusekiwe kwaye i-intanethi inokufikelelwa kuyo Kodwa ingaba esi sitshixo sisebenza njani?
Inkqubo yokusebenza ye isitshixo se-intanethi Isekelwe kwiprothokholi yokhuseleko ebizwa ngokuba yi-WPA (UFikelelo oluKhuselweyo kwi-Wi-Fi) okanye inguqulelo yayo yamva nje, WPA2. Le protocol isebenzisa i-algorithm yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo ukukhusela ulwazi oluthunyelwe ngenethiwekhi. Xa ufaka iqhosha elichanekileyo, lisetyenziselwa ukucima idatha efihliweyo kunye nokuvumela ukufikelela kwi-intanethi.
Ngapha koko, i isitshixo se-intanethi Ikwasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwinethiwekhi. Isixhobo ngasinye esiqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi kufuneka sinikeze isitshixo esichanekileyo sokungena kuso. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ngabantu abasaziyo isitshixo kuphela abanokusebenzisa inethiwekhi kwaye banqande uhlaselo olunokwenzeka okanye ukungenelela. Kubalulekile ukugcina esi sitshixo sikhuselekile, ukusitshintsha ngamaxesha athile kwaye unqande ukwabelana nabantu abangaziwayo.
Ukubaluleka kokugcina igama eliyimfihlo le-intanethi likhuselekile
La ukhuseleko kwi-intanethi yinkxalabo ekhulayo yabasebenzisi kwi-Intanethi kwihlabathi liphela. Kwaye enye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokukhusela imisebenzi yethu ye-intanethi kukuqinisekisa ukuba isitshixo se-intanethi zikhuseleke kwaye zibe yimfihlo. Ukugcina i-password ekhuselekileyo ye-intanethi yi ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo ukuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwiiakhawunti zethu, ukukhusela iinkcukacha zethu zobuqu nezemali, kwaye siphephe ukuba ngamaxhoba obuqhophololo kwi-intanethi.
Iphasiwedi ekhuselekileyo ye-intanethi yileyo idibanayo iimfuno zokhuseleko kwaye yintoni na kunzima ukuqikelela. Kubalulekile ukuba ungasebenzisi imikhondo ekulula ukuyiqonda, njengemihla yokuzalwa, amagama ezilo, okanye amagama alula kwisichazi-magama. Endaweni yoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izitshixo ezidibanisa oonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ibalulekile tshintsha igama eliyimfihlo le-intanethi rhoqo, njengoko oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba umntu angayiqikelela okanye afumane ufikelelo olungagunyaziswanga kwiiakhawunti zethu.
Enye into ebalulekileyo yile musa ukwabelana ngesitshixo se-intanethi kungekho mntu. Nokuba siyamthemba umntu, kungcono ukugcina igama eliyimfihlo le-intanethi Asoze sazi ukuba ngubani onokufikelela kolo lwazi kwaye angayisebenzisa njani. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe amagama ayimfihlo ahlukeneyo kwiakhawunti nganye esinayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na izitshixo zethu zisengozini, ayichaphazeli zonke iiakhawunti zethu ze-intanethi. I ukwahlukana okungundoqo Sisicwangciso esisebenzayo sokuzikhusela kwimeko yokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber.
Amanyathelo okumisela iqhosha le-intanethi elikhuselekileyo
Uqwalaselo lwe iqhosha le-intanethi elikhuselekileyo Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela umdibaniso wethu kwaye unqande izoyikiso ezinokwenzeka. Apha ngezantsi, sibonisa uthotho lwamanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele ukuphumeza ubumbeko olusebenzayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile lungisa igama elimiselweyo kunye negama lomsebenzisi yerouter. Sebenzisa amagama amiselweyo ingayenza ukufikelela lula kwinethiwekhi yakho ngabaduni. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe igama libe yinto ekhethekileyo kwaye kunzima ukuyiqikelela, ukuphepha idatha yobuqu okanye ulwazi olunxulumene nawe. Kwaye, ukutshintsha igama lakho lomsebenzisi kuya kukunika umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko.
Elinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo hlaziya i-firmware ye-router yakho rhoqo. Abavelisi bahlala bekhupha uhlaziyo olulungisa ubuthathaka kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwesixhobo. Ukugcina i-firmware yakho isexesheni kuya kunceda ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho kwiindlela ezintsha kunye nohlaselo. Unokujonga kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi okanye useto lwe-router ukukhetha ukuhlaziya i-firmware.
Iinketho ezongezelelweyo zokhuseleko ukukhusela igama lokugqitha le-intanethi yakho
Namhlanje, ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi lubaluleke kakhulu. I iinketho ezongezelelweyo zokhuseleko zibalulekile ukukhusela eyakho isitshixo se-intanethi kwaye uqinisekise ubumfihlo yedatha yakho.Ngezantsi, sibonisa imilinganiselo onokuthi uyiphumeze ukomeleza ukhuseleko loqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi yakho.
- Hlaziya i-router yakho rhoqo: Ukugcina i-firmware yerouter yakho ihlaziyiwe kubalulekile ukuyikhusela kubuthathaka obaziwayo. Jonga rhoqo i iwebhusayithi Jonga kumenzi wohlaziyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uzifakela kwangoko.
- Nika amandla ukubethela: Uninzi lweerotha zibonelela ngeendlela zokwenza ufihlo lwedatha, njengeprotocol eyaziwayo yeWPA2. Qinisekisa ukusebenzisa olona guqulelo lunamandla lukhoyo kwaye utshintshe igama lokugqitha lakho ngamaxesha athile ukugcina inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselekile.
- Sebenzisa ii-firewall: Iifirewall, zombini kwinqanaba lesoftware kunye nakwinqanaba le-hardware, ziyimfuneko ukuvala izoyikiso ezinokwenzeka ngaphandle. Qinisekisa ukuba unomlilo osebenzayo kwaye uqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho.
Yamkela ezi ndlela zokhuseleko zongezelelweyo Iya kukuvumela ukuba ube nolawulo olukhulu kukhuseleko lwephasiwedi yakho ye-intanethi. Khumbula ukuba ukubiwa kwenkcazelo yobuqu okanye eyimfihlo kunokuba nemiphumo emibi. Ngalo lonke ixesha gcina ukuma okusebenzayo malunga nokhuseleko lwe-intanethi kwaye uthathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukukhusela idatha yakho.
Uzisombulula njani iingxaki ngephasiwedi ye-intanethi
Enye yeemeko eziphazamisayo ezinokuvela xa usebenzisa i-Intanethi uneengxaki ngekhowudi yofikelelo. Nangona kunjalo, ungakhathazeki, njengoko kukho izisombululo ezisebenzayo onokuthi uziphumeze ukusombulula lo mba ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane ukuba njani ukusombulula iingxaki ehambelana nephasiwedi yakho ye-intanethi.
El inyathelo lokuqala Omawukwenze kukuqinisekisa ukuba ufaka igama lakho eliyimfihlo ngokuchanekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba awuchwethezi oonobumba abakhulu xa igama eliyimfihlo ngenene linoonobumba abancinane, okanye ngokuphendululekileyo. Kwakhona, khangela ngononophelo naziphi na iindlela zokuchwetheza okanye izikhewu ezingenziwanga ngabom xa uchwetheza igama lokugqithisa. Umsebenzi olungileyo kukukopa kwaye uncamathisele isitshixo ngokuthe ngqo kuxwebhu okanye i-imeyile apho ibekwe khona ukunciphisa iimpazamo zokuchwetheza.
Kwimeko apho uqinisekise ukuba ufaka igama eliyimfihlo ngokuchanekileyo kodwa useneengxaki zofikelelo, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqalise kwakhona imodem yakho okanye umzila. Khipha isixhobo kumandla ombane imizuzwana embalwa uze usifake kwakhona. Oku kuza kuseta ngokutsha useto lwesixhobo kwaye kunokulungisa imiba yoqhagamshelo. Ukuba iingxaki ngesitshixo se-intanethi zisaqhuba emva kokuqalisa kwakhona, ungaqwalasela seta kwakhona useto lwasefektri yesixhobo. Hlaziya incwadi yemiyalelo okanye uqhagamshelane nenkxaso yobuchwephesha yoMboneleli ngeNkonzo ye-Intanethi ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokwenza le nkqubo kwimodem yakho ethile okanye umzila.
Iingcebiso zokwenza i-password esebenzayo ye-intanethi
A isitshixo se-intanethi Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokukhusela ulwazi lwethu emhlabeni idijithali. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi bakhetha amagama ayimfihlo ekulula ukuwaqikelela okanye baphinde basebenzise igama eliyimfihlo kwiiakhawunti ezininzi, kubabeka emngciphekweni wohlaselo lwekhompyutha. Ukunqanda oku, nazi ezinye:
1. Sebenzisa indibaniselwano yamagama: Isitshixo esikhuselekileyo se-intanethi kufuneka siquke indibaniselwano yoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani, kunye noonobumba abakhethekileyo. Oku kuya kwenza ukuqikelela kwakho kube nzima kwaye kuya konyusa amandla akho ngokuchasene nohlaselo.
2. Ziphephe iinkcukacha zobuqu: Sukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zakho ezinjengamagama, imihla yokuzalwa okanye iinombolo zefowuni kwi-password yakho ye-intanethi. Olu lwazi lufikeleleka ngokulula kwaye lunokusetyenziswa ngabahlaseli ukuzama ukuqikelela igama eliyimfihlo.
3. Hlaziya igama eliyimfihlo ngamaxesha athile: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe igama eliyimfihlo ngamaxesha athile, ngakumbi kwiiakhawunti ezinolwazi olubuthathaka. Oku kuya kunceda ukugcina ukhuseleko lwakho lwe-intanethi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwiiakhawunti zakho.
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