Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya yinto esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi kunye nethekhnoloji. Ngombulelo kuyo, kunokwenzeka ukuhambisa ulwazi, ukuvelisa amandla kunye nokufumana imifanekiso kwiinkqubo ezininzi kunye nezixhobo. Kodwa siyintoni isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi? Kweli phepha limhlophe, siza kuphonononga izizathu zokuba kutheni ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kulukhetho oludumileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kunxibelelwano lwamehlo ukuya kwezamayeza kunye nobunjineli. Siza kuhlalutya iipropati kunye neenzuzo zayo, kunye nokukhawulelana kwayo kwiimeko ezithile. Zilungiselele ukukhangela kwihlabathi elinomdla lokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwaye ufumanise ukuba kutheni ukusetyenziswa kwalo kubaluleke kangaka kuluntu lwethu lwanamhlanje!
1. Imigaqo yoThutho lokuKhanya: Inkcazo epheleleyo yoBugcisa
Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo imigaqo yokuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane neengcamango ezisisiseko. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubhekiselele ekusasazeni yokukhanya ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zemidiya, njengomoya, iglasi okanye amanzi. Ukukhanya kuziphatha njengezambane ze-electromagnetic kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwayo kulawulwa yimithetho ye-optics.
Enye yeengcamango ezingundoqo ekuhanjisweni kokukhanya kukubonakalisa. Xa ukukhanya kubetha umphezulu, kunokubonakala kuyo, itshintshe indlela ekuyo. Umthetho wokucamngca uthi i-angle ye-encidence ilingana ne-angle yokubonisa. Le nto isetyenziswa kwizibuko kunye nezinye izicelo apho zifunwa ukuqondisa ukukhanya kwakhona.
Omnye umba obalulekileyo yirefraction. I-refraction yenzeke xa ukukhanya kutshintsha okuphakathi kwaye isalathiso saso sijikisiwe ngenxa yokwahlukana kwesantya phakathi kweendaba. Ubungakanani bokutenxa kuxhomekeke kwi-angle ye-encidence kunye ne-refractive indices ye-media echaphazelekayo. Umthetho kaSnell yinxaki echaza lo mcimbi.
2. Izibonelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kumashishini ahlukeneyo
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, abonelela ngenani leenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili kukukwazi ukubonelela ukukhanya kwendalo, ukunciphisa imfuno yokukhanyisa okwenziweyo kwaye ngoko ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuvumela ukubonakala okungcono kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nemveliso.
Kwishishini lokwakha, umzekelo, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukuyila nokwakha izakhiwo ezandisa ukungena kokukhanya kwendalo. Oku akugcini nje ukusindisa amandla, kodwa kudala indawo yokusebenza emnandi kunye nenempilo. Kwishishini leemoto, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweefestile zomoya ukuphucula ukubonakala komqhubi kunye nokubonelela ngokuqhuba okukhuselekileyo.
Esinye isicelo esibalulekileyo sokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwishishini le-elektroniki. Ukusetyenziswa kweefiber optical, ezikwaziyo ukuhambisa ukukhanya kumgama omde ngaphandle kwelahleko enkulu, kuye kwaguqula ukudluliselwa kwedatha kunye nonxibelelwano. Ukongezelela, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezikrini kunye neepaneli zokubonisa kwiintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo zombane, ezifana nee-smartphones, iithelevishini kunye neekhomputha, ukubonelela ngemifanekiso ebukhali, ephezulu.
3. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusebenza njani kunye nendima yayo kwitekhnoloji yangoku
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwitekhnoloji yangoku, njengoko ivumela ukuhanjiswa kolwazi kunye namandla ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo. Ukusebenza kwayo kusekelwe ekusasazeni ukukhanya ngokusebenzisa imidiya eyahlukeneyo, njengeentambo ze-optical okanye i-fibers optical, usebenzisa i-phenomenon of reflection and refraction.
Okokuqala, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwenzeka nge-emitter, enokuthi ibe yi-laser okanye i-LED, ekhupha i-beam yokukhanya kwi-wavelength ethile. Lo mtha wokukhanya usasaza nge-conductive medium, enokuthi ibe yintambo ye-optical okanye i-fiber optical, eyenzelwe ukukhokela nokukhusela ukukhanya ngexesha lokuhamba kwayo.
Ngexesha lohambo lwakho, ukukhanya kunokuthi kwenzeke izinto ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ezinjengokubonakaliswa kunye nokuchaswa. Ukukhanya kwenzeka xa ukukhanya kubethela umphezulu kwaye inxalenye yawo ibuyiswa kwicala elinye, ngelixa i-refraction isenzeka xa ukukhanya kutshintsha indlela xa udlula ukusuka kwelinye eliphakathi ukuya kwenye ngoxinaniso olwahlukileyo.
Ukongeza kwindima yayo kunxibelelwano lwezonxibelelwano, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kukwanezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo kubuchwephesha banamhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, kwishishini lezonyango, i-fiber optics isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imifanekiso kunye nemiqondiso kungenelelo lotyando, ukuvumela ukubonwa okuchanekileyo kunye ne-fiber optics. ngexesha langempela. Ngokufanayo, kwishishini lokukhanyisa, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwe-LED kuye kwaguqula ukuyila kwezibane kunye ne-shades, ukubonelela ngamandla amakhulu kunye nobomi obude.
4. Iziseko ezibonakalayo zokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwi-optics
Iziseko ezibonakalayo zokudluliselwa kokukhanya zibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kokukhanya kwintsimi ye-optics. Ukukhanya luhlobo oluthile lwamandla e-electromagnetic asasaza njengamaza emajukujukwini. Ukuhanjiswa kwayo kulawulwa yimithetho-siseko yendalo esisiseko, efana nokucamngca, ukuphinda-phinda kunye nokufunxa.
Ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya kwenzeka xa ibetha umphezulu kwaye ibuyela umva, igcina icala layo lakuqala. Le nto isisiseko ekubunjweni kwemifanekiso kwizibuko kunye ezinye izixhobo optics. Kumboniso okhethekileyo, ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo kulandela i-engile yezehlo elingana ne-engile yokubonisa. Kwelinye icala, xa kubonakaliswa ukukhanya, ukukhanya kuthe saa kumacala amaninzi.
Ukuphindwa kokukhanya kwenzeka xa itshintsha indlela xa idlula ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye ngenxa yokutshintsha kwesantya sayo. Lo mcimbi unoxanduva lokuphambuka kokukhanya xa udlula kwi-lens okanye emanzini, umzekelo. Umthetho we-Snell uchaza ubudlelwane phakathi kwee-angles ze-encidence kunye ne-refraction, kwaye uthi i-quotient phakathi kwe-sines yala ma-angles ilingana nomlinganiselo phakathi kwezantya zokukhanya kwimidiya emibini.
Ukuqonda ezi ziseko ezibonakalayo kubalulekile kwicandelo le-optical, njengoko zenza ukuba uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo eziphambili kunye neenkqubo. Umzekelo, ukwazi ukuba ukukhanya kubonakalisa njani kwaye kuphinde kuhlaziywe njani kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo kusivumela ukuba senze iilensi, iiprism, kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo ezineempawu ezithile. Ngaphaya koko, olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuqondeni izinto ezintsonkothileyo zamehlo, ezinje ngentelekelelo, ukusasazwa kokukhanya, kunye nokuphazamiseka. Isishwankathelo, iziseko ezibonakalayo zokuhanjiswa kokukhanya zisisiseko apho yonke intsimi ye-optics yakhiwe kwaye ukubaluleka kwabo akukwazi ukujongelwa phantsi.
5. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya vs. Enye imidiya: kutheni ikhethwa?
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kukhethwa ngokubanzi xa kuthelekiswa namanye amajelo eendaba ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuguquguquka. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izinto zosasazo ezinje ngesandi okanye amaza ombane, ukukhanya kunokuhamba kwi-vacuum kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezicacileyo, oko kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokuhanjiswa kolwazi kumgama omde. Ukongeza, ukukhanya kunokuguqulwa ukuhambisa imiqondiso yedijithali, ukuvumela amandla amakhulu onxibelelwano.
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwakhona kubonisa ukuthotywa okuphantsi kunye nokuphazamiseka xa kuthelekiswa namanye amajelo eendaba. Ngokungafaniyo nesandi esiba buthathaka xa umgama usiya yaye siphazanyiswa kukuphazamiseka, ukukhanya kunokuhamba imigama emide ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngamandla akho. Ukongezelela, ukukhanya akuchatshazelwa yimiqobo esemzimbeni, kuyenza ilungele ukugqithiselwa ngeentambo zefiber optic okanye kwanasesithubeni.
Ukongeza ekusebenzeni kwayo kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokuphazamiseka, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunika ukhuseleko olukhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokunxibelelana. Ngenxa yokuba imiqondiso yokukhanya ingasasazeki ngokubanzi njengamaza kanomathotholo, kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuthintela nokucacisa inkcazelo edluliselwa ngokukhanya. Oku kwenza ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kulunge ngakumbi kwizicelo apho kufuneka imfihlo, njengokuhanjiswa kwedatha yebhanki okanye yomkhosi.
6. Ukubaluleka kokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano lwale mihla
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano lwale mihla, kuba lusisiseko sobuchwephesha obuninzi obusetyenziswa ekusasazeni ulwazi. Ukukwazi ukuhambisa ukukhanya ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kothungelwano lwefiber optic, iilaser ezinamandla amakhulu, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ngesathelayithi kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. kuluntu umsinga.
IiFiber optics, umzekelo, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano ukuhambisa amanani amakhulu edatha ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. Iqukethe intambo encinci yeglasi okanye yeplastiki ekhokela ukukhanya kuyo ngokubonakalisa kwangaphakathi ngokupheleleyo. Obu bugcisa busebenza kakuhle kakhulu, njengoko ukukhanya kunokuhamba imigama emide ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa okuncinci kunye nokuphazamiseka. Ukongeza, i-fiber optics ayikhuselekanga kuphazamiseko lwe-electromagnetic, ibenza ukuba balungele imeko yokuphazamiseka okuphezulu.
Kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje, ukukhanya kukwasetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa komqondiso ngeentambo zefiber optic. Ukukhanya kumodareyithwa ngolwazi, njengelizwi, idatha okanye ividiyo, kwaye ithunyelwe ngefiber optics. Umamkeli ucacisa umqondiso wokukhanya aze awuguqule abuyele kulwazi lokuqala. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngesantya esimangalisayo, ivumela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nonxibelelwano olukhawulezileyo kwihlabathi liphela.
7. Ukuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yokuhambisa ukukhanya kunye nefuthe layo kuluntu
Inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokuhanjiswa kokukhanya ibe nempembelelo enkulu kuluntu lwanamhlanje. *Oku kuhambela phambili kuyitshintshile indlela esinxibelelana ngayo, esikhanyisayo kwaye sisebenzise imidiya ebonwayo*. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubhekiselele ekukwazini ukuhambisa ulwazi ngokukhanya, nokuba kukwimo yemiqondiso ye-optical okanye ngokusebenzisa iifiber optical.
Enye yeempembelelo ezicacileyo zobu buchwepheshe kukuphuculwa konxibelelwano. *Ugqithiso lokukhanya lubonelela ngeendlela ezisebenzayo nezikhawulezayo zokusasaza idatha kumgama omde*. Oku kuye kwavumela ukudalwa kothungelwano lonxibelelwano ukwenza okuphezulu ezidibanisa abantu abavela kwihlabathi liphela ngexesha lokwenyani. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yothumelo lokukhanya yenze inkqubela phambili enokwenzeka kumnxeba ophathwayo, i-Intanethi enesantya esiphezulu, kunye neenkonzo zothumelo lwedatha.
Enye impembelelo ebalulekileyo kukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha bokuhambisa ukukhanya ekukhanyeni. * Izibane ze-LED, ezisebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya, ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokuqina kwazo*. Ezi zibane ziyakwazi ukuvelisa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo, okusemgangathweni ophezulu ngelixa kudla iqhekeza lamandla afunwa zizibane zendabuko. Ukongezelela, iteknoloji yokuhambisa ukukhanya yenze ukuba uphuhliso lweziboniso ze-LED zisetyenziswe kwiithelevishini, iimonitha, iimpawu kunye neepaneli zentengiso, ukubonelela ngamava abonakalayo amangalisayo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuqhubela phambili kobuchwephesha bokuhambisa ukukhanya kuye kwaguqula uluntu ngeendlela ezininzi. *Ukusuka kunxibelelwano oluphuculweyo ukuya ekukhanyeni okusebenzayo nokunomtsalane*, obu bugcisa buvumele inkqubela ephawulekayo kwiindawo ngeendawo. Njengoko iqhubeka nokuvela, sinokubona izinto ezintsha zokusebenza kunye neenzuzo eluntwini.
8. Kutheni ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubalulekile kwifiber optics?
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubalulekile kwifiber optics ngenxa yeempawu ezizodwa zolu hlobo lonxibelelwano. Kunokuba kusetyenziswe imisinga yombane, iifiber optics zisebenzisa ukukhanya ukuze zidlulise ulwazi ngeglasi okanye ngentambo yeplastiki. Oku kuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunika iingenelo ezininzi ezingundoqo ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano, ezifana nokuhanjiswa kweengcingo ezingenazingcingo okanye ngocingo lobhedu.
Okokuqala, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwifiber optics kuvumela umthamo omkhulu wokuhanjiswa kwedatha. Ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya kunokuthwala ulwazi oluninzi ngesantya esiphezulu, i-fiber optics inokuthwala inani elikhulu ledatha kunezinye imidiya yonxibelelwano yendabuko. Oku kwenza i-fiber optics ilungele usetyenziso olufuna i-bandwidth ephezulu, njengokusasaza ividiyo enenkcazo ephezulu okanye ukuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi enesantya esiphezulu.
Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwifiber optics kunika ukhuseleko olukhulu ekuhanjisweni kwedatha. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano, ii-fiber optics azikhuphi imiqondiso ye-electromagnetic enokuphazamiseka okanye iphazanyiswe ziiarhente zangaphandle. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulwazi olugqithiselwe kwifiber optics lukhuseleke ngakumbi kwaye alunakwenzeka ukuba lugqekezwe okanye lubanjwe. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-fiber optics isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuthungelwano lweshishini kunye nonxibelelwano apho ukhuseleko lwedatha lubaluleke kakhulu.
Isishwankathelo, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubalulekile kwi-fiber optics ngenxa yeenzuzo ezinikezelayo malunga nomthamo wokuhanjiswa kwedatha kunye nokhuseleko. I-Fiber optics ibonelela ngomthamo omkhulu we-bandwidth kwaye ivumela ukuhanjiswa kolwazi oluninzi ngesantya esiphezulu. Ukongeza, i-fiber optics ibonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu ekuhanjisweni kwedatha ngokungakhuphi imiqondiso ye-electromagnetic enokuthi ibanjwe. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwifiber optical kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kothungelwano lwangoku lonxibelelwano.
9. Utshintsho olulula kangakanani amayeza kunye notyando
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kube yinkqubela phambili esisiseko kwicandelo lamayeza kunye notyando. Ngombulelo kolu lutsha, oogqirha kunye noogqirha baye bakwazi ukwenza iinkqubo ezichanekileyo kunye nezincinci, ezikhokelela ekuphuculeni okubalulekileyo kunyango.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kukukwazi ukukhanyisa iindawo ezithile zomzimba womntu ngexesha lotyando. Ngaphambili, oogqirha botyando baxhomekeke ekukhanyeni kwendalo okanye kwimithombo yokukhanya yangaphandle, okwenza ukubonwa okucacileyo kwezicubu kube nzima. Ngokuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze-endoscopic ezixhotyiswe ngemicu ye-optical ukuqondisa ukukhanya ngqo kwindawo yomdla. Oku akuphuculi nje ukubonakala, kodwa kunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakalisa izicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
Enye inkqubela ephawulekayo ibe kukusetyenziswa kokudluliselwa kokukhanya kwiindlela zonyango, ezifana ne-optical coherence tomography (OCT). Le teknoloji isebenzisa ukukhanya ukuvelisa imifanekiso ephezulu yokulungiswa kwezicubu zangaphakathi kunye nezitho. Nge-OCT, oogqirha banokufumanisa kwaye baxilonge izifo kwangoko nangokuchanekileyo. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuye kwavumela ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zokuxilonga kunye nokubeka iliso, njengezinzwa zokukhanya ezinokulinganisa iiparitha ezibalulekileyo ngexesha langempela.
10. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwishishini leemoto: ukuphuculwa kunye neenzuzo
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kushishino lweemoto kuyinkalo esisiseko eye yaphuculwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukukhanyisa okuchanekileyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezithuthi kuqinisekisa ukuqhuba okukhuselekileyo nokutofotofo, kunye nokubonakala ngcono kwabahambi ngeenyawo nabanye abaqhubi. Ukongezelela, olu phuculo lokuhanjiswa kokukhanya lubonelela ngeenzuzo ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kwamandla kunye noyilo lobuhle.
Ngokumalunga nokuphuculwa, imboni yeemoto ikhethe ukuphunyezwa kobuchwepheshe obuphambili ekuhanjisweni kokukhanya. Ngokomzekelo, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa i-LED eziphezulu ziphuhlisiwe, ezibonelela ngokubonakala okukhulu kunye nokuqina xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zendabuko. Ukongeza, i-sensor kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa eziguquguqukayo zifakwe ezilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo i-beam yokukhanya ngokwendlela kunye neemeko zokuqhuba.
Olu phuculo ekuhanjisweni kokukhanya kuneenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kubaqhubi kunye nabenzi beemoto. Okokuqala, ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezisebenza kakuhle kuncedisa ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ezithuthi, nto leyo iguqulela ekukhutshweni okuphantsi kweegesi ezingcolisayo kunye nefuthe elihle kwindalo. okusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okuchanekileyo kuphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni ngokuqinisekisa ukubonakala okungcono ekukhanyeni okuphantsi okanye kwimozulu embi. Okokugqibela, le nkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ikwavumela abavelisi ukuba baphuhlise uyilo oluyilayo olunomtsalane ngakumbi, ukunika izithuthi inkangeleko eyahlukileyo nentsonkothileyo.
11. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwi-Aerospace: Ukujonga kwi-Space Applications
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini le-aerospace, okwenza ukuba kubonakale kunye nokukhanya okufunekayo kwizicelo ze-space. Ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezisebenzayo zokuhambisa ukukhanya kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokukhuselekileyo kwemishini yendawo. Kulo mbono kwizicelo indawo, siza kuphonononga ezinye iindawo eziphambili apho esetyenzisiweyo ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwishishini le-aerospace.
1. Ukukhanya kwekhabhinethi yendawo: Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokukhanya okwaneleyo kwikhabhinethi yesiphekepheke. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ngexesha lokunduluka kunye nezigaba zokumisa, kunye nangexesha lemishini yexesha elide. Iinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kokukhanya ezisetyenziswa kwishishini le-aerospace kufuneka zisebenze kakuhle, zibe khaphukhaphu, kwaye zimelane neemeko ezigqithisileyo zendawo.
2. IiPaneli zeSolar: Iiphaneli zesola zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni amandla kuthumo lwasemajukujukwini. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kubalulekile ukuvumela imitha yelanga ukuba ifikelele kwiipaneli zelanga kwaye iguqulwe ibe amandla asebenzisekayo. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiipaneli zelanga kufuneka zikhanye ekukhanyeni kwelanga kwaye zibe neempawu ezaneleyo ze-optical ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
3. Iifestile neekhamera: Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kukwasetyenziswa kwiifestile zesiphekepheke nakwiikhamera ezisetyenziselwa ukujonga nokufota imifanekiso yendawo. Ezi festile kunye namagumbi kufuneka zikwazi ukuhambisa ukukhanya ukusuka indlela esebenzayo kwaye unikeze umgangatho womfanekiso ophezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwezi zicelo kufuneka zixhathise iimpembelelo kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo zendawo, ezifana ne-vacuum kunye namaqondo aphezulu okushisa.
Isishwankathelo, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini le-aerospace, ngakumbi kwizicelo zendawo. Ukusuka kwiikhabhinethi zendawo yokukhanyisa ukuya kumandla okuvelisa ngeepaneli zelanga kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso ngeekhamera, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokukhuselekileyo kwemishini yendawo. Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokuhambisa ukukhanya ezichasene neemeko ezigqithisileyo zendawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo yezi zicelo. [ISIPHELO
12. Kutheni le nto ukuhambisa ukukhanya kungundoqo kukhuseleko kunye nokucupha?
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kukhuseleko kunye nokucupha ngenxa yokukwazi ukubonelela ngokubonakala kwindawo ephantsi okanye emnyama ngokupheleleyo. Kwi izicelo zokhuseleko, njengeenkqubo zokujonga iividiyo, iikhamera zokhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ukufikelela, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okusebenzayo kuqinisekisa ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nomfanekiso ocacileyo, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okukhulu ekukhuseleni nasekubekeni iliso abantu kunye nepropati.
Into ephambili ekuhanjisweni kokukhanya kokhuseleko kunye nokubeka iliso ngumgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezisetyenzisiweyo. Izibane ze-infrared, umzekelo, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukhuseleko kunye nokucupha ngenxa yokukwazi ukukhanyisa iindawo kwiimeko eziphantsi okanye ezingabonakaliyo. Ezi zibane zikhupha ukukhanya kwe-infrared okungabonakaliyo kwiliso lomntu kodwa kubonakala kwiikhamera zokhuseleko, ezivumela ukujongwa okucacileyo nokuba sekumnyama.
Ukongeza kwizixhobo zokukhanyisa, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya kunye nokuchaswa kweendawo zokhuseleko kunye nokubeka iliso. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kufakelo lokhuseleko, ezifana neefestile, iiglasi kunye nemigangatho ekhanyayo, zinokuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwaye ke umgangatho wemifanekiso efunyenweyo. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezineempawu ezifanelekileyo ze-optical kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okusebenzayo, okunegalelo ekukhuseleni okungcono kunye nokubeka iliso.
13. Uphando lwangoku malunga nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye namandla alo kwixesha elizayo
Uphando lwangoku malunga nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya luvule ihlabathi lamathuba kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nonxibelelwano, amayeza kunye nobuchwepheshe. Inkqubela phambili kule ndawo ivumele uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji efana nefiber optics, eye yaguqula ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili. Ukongeza, uphando luyaqhubeka nokukhangela iindlela ezintsha zokuhambisa kunye nokulawula ukukhanya ukuze kwandiswe ngakumbi usetyenziso.
Enye yezona ndlela zithembisayo kolu phando kukusetyenziswa kwe-nanotechnology ukudala Izakhiwo ze-nanometer-scale ezikwazi ukulawula kunye nokuqondisa ukukhanya ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi nkqubela phambili zinokuvumela ukwenziwa kwezixhobo ze-ultra-compact optical ezinokudityaniswa kwizixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengeekhamera, iiselfowuni kunye neekhompyutha. Ukongezelela, iindlela ezintsha zokuguqula iimpawu zokukhanya kwinqanaba le-molecular ziyahlolwa, ezinokuthi zikhokelela ekudalweni kwezinto eziphathekayo ezinoveli optical properties.
Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yophando lwangoku luphando lwezinto ezibonakalayo ezingabonakaliyo, ezibonisa iimpendulo ze-optical ezingahambelani nobukhulu bokukhanya kwesiganeko. Ezi zixhobo zinika amandla amakhulu okuphuhliswa kwezixhobo ezibonakalayo ezisebenzayo, ezifana nokutshintsha kwe-optical kunye ne-amplifiers. Ukongeza, izixhobo ezitsha ziyaphandwa ezinokusebenza njenge-optical waveguides, ekwaziyo ukuhambisa ukukhanya kumgama omde owandayo ngaphandle kwelahleko enkulu. Isishwankathelo, uphando lwangoku malunga nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusisondeza kwaye sisondele kwikamva apho ukukhanya kuya kuba sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
14. Indima yokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwimfundo nakwimfundo ekude
Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimfundo nokufunda okude. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kokukhanyisa kunokuphucula ukubonakala kwezinto zokufunda kunye nokuququzelela ukuqonda iingqiqo. Ngaloo ndlela, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokukhanya okwaneleyo kokubili kwindawo yokusebenza kunye kwisikrini yesixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo.
Ukwandisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwimfundo ekude nokufunda, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele la manyathelo alandelayo:
- Qinisekisa ukuba unomthombo wokukhanya kwendalo okanye okwenziwayo kufutshane nommandla wophononongo.
- Ziphephe izithunzi okanye imiboniso ekwisikrini ngokubeka isixhobo kwi-engile efanelekileyo.
- Lungisa ukukhanya kwesikrini ukunqanda ukutsala amehlo kwaye uqinisekise ukujongwa okucacileyo.
- Sebenzisa imvelaphi engathathi hlangothi kunye nemibala yefonti emnyama ukuphucula ukufundeka.
- Sebenzisa izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezincedisayo, ezifana nezibane zedesika okanye izibane ze-LED, ukuphucula ukukhanya phambi kwesikrini.
Ngamafutshane, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okufanelekileyo kubalulekile kumava okufunda aphumeleleyo kwi-Intanethi. Ukulandela la macebiso kwaye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ungenza ngcono ukubonakala kwemathiriyeli yokufunda, unciphise ubunzima bamehlo, kwaye uphucule ukuqonda iikhonsepthi. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukulungelelanisa isibane kwiimfuno zakho zomntu ngamnye ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono.
Isishwankathelo, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusetyenziselwa izizathu ezininzi zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza. Ukukwazi ukukhanya ukuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zeendaba kusivumela ukuba sidlulise ulwazi, sikhanyise izithuba kwaye sisebenzise iteknoloji efana nefiber optics. Ngaphaya koko, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusinika ithuba lokufunda izinto ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kunye nokuziphatha kwazo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Ingaba kunyango, unxibelelwano, ukhuseleko okanye izicelo zophando, ukusetyenziswa kokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuye kwaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Njengoko siqhubeka siphuhlisa itekhnoloji kunye nenkqubela phambili kweli candelo, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kusenokwenzeka ukuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuluntu lwethu.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.