Yintoni ukulungiswa kakuhle kwaye kutheni izivuseleli zakho zisebenza ngcono ngayo?

Umda phakathi Oko ukuphumezayo ngeengcebiso ezilungileyo kunye noko ukuphumezayo ngokulungisa kakuhle imodeli Inobuqili ngakumbi kunokuba ibonakala, kodwa ukuyiqonda kwenza umahluko phakathi kweempendulo eziphakathi kunye neenkqubo eziluncedo ngokwenene. Kwesi sikhokelo, ndiza kukubonisa, ngemizekelo kunye nothelekiso, indlela yokukhetha kunye nokudibanisa ubuchule obuthile ukufezekisa iziphumo eziqinileyo kwiiprojekthi zehlabathi lokwenyani.

Injongo ayikokuhlala kwithiyori, kodwa kukuyenza yonke imihla: xa ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo okanye ukulungiswa kwangoko kwanele kuwe, Kunini xa kufanelekile ukutyala imali ekulungiseni kakuhle?, ukuba konke oku kuhambelana njani nokuhamba kwe-RAG, kwaye zeziphi iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunciphisa iindleko, zikhawuleza ukuphindaphinda, kwaye ziphephe ukungena kwiinjongo ezifileyo.

Yintoni ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo, ukulungiswa kwamsinyane, kunye nokulungisa kakuhle?

Ngaphambi kokuba siqhubeke, makhe sicacise iikhonsepthi ezithile:

• Ubunjineli obukhawulezayo bubugcisa bokuyila imiyalelo ecacileyo kunye nomxholo ochazwe kakuhle kunye nokulindela. ukukhokela imodeli esele iqeqeshiwe. Kwi ingxoxo, umzekelo, ichaza indima, ithoni, ifomathi yemveliso, kunye nemizekelo yokunciphisa ukungacaci kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka ngaphandle kokuchukumisa imodeli yobunzima.
• Ukulungiswa kakuhle kulungisa iiparitha zangaphakathi zemodeli eqeqeshwe kwangaphambili kunye nedatha eyongezelelweyo evela kwi-domain. ukulungisa kakuhle ukusebenza kwakho kwimisebenzi ethile. Ifanelekile xa ufuna isigama esikhethekileyo, izigqibo ezinzima, okanye ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka (ukhathalelo lwempilo, umthetho, imali).
• Ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo longeza ii-vectors eziqeqeshekayo (izinto ezithambileyo) ezitolika imodeli ecaleni kwegalelo lombhalo.Ayiphindi iqeqeshe yonke imodeli: ikhenkceza iintsimbi zayo kwaye ikhulise kuphela ezo "trekhi" zishunyekiweyo. Ngumhlaba ophakathi osebenzayo xa ufuna ukuziqhelanisa nokuziphatha ngaphandle kweendleko zokulungisa kakuhle.

Kuyilo lwe-UX / UI, ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo buphucula ukucaca konxibelelwano lomntu-ikhompyuter (into endiyilindeleyo kunye nendlela endiyicela ngayo), ngelixa ukulungiswa kakuhle kwandisa ukufaneleka kunye nokuhambelana kwemveliso. Idityanisiwe, vumela ujongano oluluncedo ngakumbi, olukhawulezayo, noluthembekileyo.

Ubunjineli obukhawulezayo ngobunzulu: ubuchule obuhambisa inaliti

Ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo abukho malunga novavanyo olungaboniyo. Nantsi lapho iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo okuphucula umgangatho ngaphandle kokuchukumisa imodeli okanye idatha yakho esisiseko:

• Ukudubula okumbalwa vs zero-shot. en ishot ezimbalwa Wongeza imizekelo embalwa ekhethiweyo kakuhle ukwenzela ukuba imodeli ibambe iphethini echanekileyo; kwi I-zero-shot Uthembele kwimiyalelo ecacileyo kunye neerhafu ngaphandle kwemizekelo.
• Imiboniso ngokomxholo. Bonisa ifomathi elindelekileyo (igalelo → imveliso) ngezibini ezincinci. Oku kunciphisa iimpazamo zokufomatha kunye nokulungelelanisa okulindelweyo, ngakumbi ukuba ufuna iindawo ezithile, iilebhile, okanye izimbo kwimpendulo.
• Iitemplates kunye neenguquChaza imiyalelo enezibambi-ndawo zokutshintsha idatha. I-Dynamic prompts ingundoqo xa isakhiwo segalelo sihluka, umzekelo, kwifom yokucoca idatha okanye ukukhuhla apho irekhodi nganye ifika kwifomathi eyahlukileyo.
• Verbalizers"Ngabaguquleli" phakathi kwesithuba sombhalo wemodeli kunye neendidi zeshishini lakho (umzekelo, ukwenza imephu "yonwabile" → "positive"). Ukukhetha amagama alungileyo kuphucula ukuchaneka kweelebhile kunye nokungaguquguquki, ngakumbi kuhlalutyo lweemvakalelo kunye nokuhlelwa ngokwemixholo.
• Iintambo ezikhawulezayo (ikhonkco elikhawulezayo). Yahlula-hlula umsebenzi onzima ube ngamanyathelo: shwankathela → khupha iimetrics → hlalutya uvakalelo. Amanyathelo okudibanisa kunye kwenza inkqubo ihlaziywe kwaye yomelele, kwaye ihlala iphucula umgangatho xa kuthelekiswa "nokucela yonke into ngexesha elinye."
• Iindlela ezilungileyo zokufomatha: iindima zamanqaku ("Wena ungumhlalutyi ..."), ichaza isimbo ("phendula kwiitheyibhile / JSON"), iseka imilinganiselo yokuvavanya ("isohlwayo se-hallucinations, ichaza imithombo xa ikhona") kwaye ichaza into enokuyenza kwimeko yokungaqiniseki (umzekelo, "ukuba idatha ilahlekile, bonisa 'akwaziwa'").

Amacandelo okulungisa ngokukhawuleza

Ukongeza kwimixholo yendalo, ukulungiswa kwamsinyane kubandakanya imiyalelo ethambileyo (ufakelo olunoqeqesho) olwandulela igalelo. Ngexesha loqeqesho, i-gradient ihlengahlengisa ezo vectors ukusondeza isiphumo kwithagethi. ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ezinye iintsimbi zemodeli. Iluncedo xa ufuna ukuphatheka kunye neendleko eziphantsi.

Ulayisha iLLM (umzekelo, i-GPT-2 okanye efanayo), lungiselela imizekelo yakho kunye ulungiselela imiyalelo ethambileyo yongeno ngalunyeUqeqesha kuphela olo luzinziso, ukuze imodeli "ibone" isandulela esiphuculweyo esikhokela indlela yokuziphatha emsebenzini wakho.

Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo: Kwinkonzo yabathengi ye-chatbot, ungabandakanya iipateni zemibuzo eqhelekileyo kunye nethoni yokuphendula efanelekileyo kwiingcebiso ezithambileyo. Oku kukhawulezisa ukuziqhelanisa ngaphandle kokugcina amasebe ahlukeneyo emodeli. kwaye ungasebenzisi i-GPU eninzi.

Ulungelelwaniso olucokisekileyo: nini, njani, kwaye ngasiphi isilumkiso

Ulungiso olulungileyo luphinda luqeqeshe (ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo) ubunzima beLLM eneseti yedatha ekujoliswe kuyo. ukuyikhetha. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo xa umsebenzi utenxa kwinto ebonwe ngumzekelo ngexesha loqeqesho lwangaphambili okanye ufuna isigama esinegrained kunye nezigqibo.

Awuqalisi kwisileyiti esingenanto: iimodeli zencoko ezilungelelanisiweyo ezifana gpt-3.5-turbo Sele zilungiselelwe ukulandela imiyalelo. Ulungelelwaniso lwakho oluhle "luphendula" kuloo kuziphatha, enobuqili kwaye ingaqinisekanga, ngoko luluvo olulungileyo ukuzama ukuyila i-prompts yenkqubo kunye negalelo.

Amanye amaqonga akuvumela ukuba udibanise ingoma entle ngaphezulu kwesele ikhona. Oku komeleza iimpawu eziluncedo ngexabiso eliphantsi. ukuqeqesha kwakhona ukusuka ekuqaleni, kwaye uququzelele ukuphindaphinda okukhokelwayo kuqinisekiso.

Iindlela ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-LoRA ifaka iimatriki zomgangatho ophantsi ukulungisa imodeli ngeeparamitha ezimbalwa ezintsha. I-Advanteji: ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi, ukuthunyelwa kwe-agile kunye nokubuyisela umva (uyakwazi "ukususa" ukulungiswa ngaphandle kokuchukumisa isiseko).

Uthelekiso: ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo vs ukulungiswa kakuhle

• InkquboUhlengahlengiso olululo lwemodeli yobunzima obunombhalo wedatha ekujoliswe kuyo; ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo luyiminzisa imodeli kwaye lulungelelanise kuphela izihlomelo eziqeqeshekayo ezidityaniswe negalelo; ubunjineli obukhawulezayo bukhulisa isicatshulwa somyalelo kunye nemizekelo engaqeqeshwanga.
• Ukumisela iiparamithaNgokulungiswa kakuhle, ulungisa inethiwekhi; xa ulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza, ubamba kuphela "imiyalelo ethambileyo." Kwinjineli ekhawulezileyo, akukho parametric tuning, uyilo nje.
• Ifomathi yokufakaUlungiso olucokisekileyo luhlonipha ifomati yokuqala; ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo luhlaziya igalelo ngokuzinzisa kunye neetemplates; Uncedo lobunjineli olukhawulezileyo olucwangcisiweyo ulwimi lwendalo (iindima, imiqobo, imizekelo).
• IziboneleloUlungiso olucokisekileyo lubiza kakhulu (ukubala, idatha, kunye nexesha); ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo lusebenza ngakumbi; Ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo yeyona nto inexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ikhawuleza ukuyiphinda xa imeko ivuma.
• Injongo kunye nemingciphekoUkulungiswa kakuhle kwandisa ngokuthe ngqo kumsebenzi, ukuphelisa umngcipheko wokugqithisa; ulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo nolusele lufundiwe kwiLLM; ubunjineli obukhawulezileyo bunciphisa iimbono kunye neempazamo zokufomatha ngezona ndlela zibalaseleyo ngaphandle kokuchukumisa imodeli.

Idatha kunye nezixhobo: amafutha okusebenza

• Umgangatho wedatha kuqala: ukuphilisa, ukuphungulwa, ukulungelelanisa, ukugqunywa kwetyala kunye Imetadata etyebileyo Ziyi-80% yesiphumo, nokuba wenza ukulungiswa kakuhle okanye ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.
• Imibhobho ezenzekelayo: iiplatifti zobunjineli bedatha ye-AI yokuvelisa (umzekelo, izisombululo ezenza iimveliso zedatha ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe) ukunceda ukudibanisa, ukuguqula, ukuhambisa kunye nokubeka iliso kwiiseti zedatha kuqeqesho novavanyo. Iingqikelelo ezifana ne "Nexsets" zibonisa indlela yokupakisha idatha elungele ukusetyenziswa kwemodeli.
• Iluphu yengxelo: Qokelela imiqondiso yosetyenziso lwehlabathi lokwenyani (impumelelo, iimpazamo, imibuzo esoloko ibuzwa) kwaye uzibuyisele kwiingcebiso zakho, ukwaziswa okuthambileyo, okanye iiseti zedatha. Yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokufumana ukuchaneka.
• ukuvelisa kwakhona: Iingcebiso zeenguqulelo, izivuseleli ezithambileyo, idatha, kunye nobunzima obulungiselelweyo. Ngaphandle kokulandeleka, akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuba yintoni etshintshileyo ukusebenza okanye ukubuyela kwimeko entle ukuba ukuphindaphinda kusilela.
• NgokubanziXa usandisa imisebenzi okanye iilwimi, qiniseka ukuba izithethi zakho, imizekelo, kunye neelebhile azilungiselelwanga kakhulu kwindawo ethile. Ukuba utshintsha ii-verticals, unokufuna ukwenza ukukhanya okucokisekileyo okanye usebenzise izikhokelo ezithambileyo ezintsha.
• Kuthekani ukuba nditshintshe i-prompt emva kokulungiswa kakuhle? Ngokubanzi, ewe: imodeli kufuneka inike izitayile kunye nokuziphatha kwinto eyifundileyo, hayi ukuphinda amathokheni. Yiloo nto kanye inqaku le-injini ye-inference.
• Vala iluphu ngeemetrikiNgaphandle kokuchaneka, ilinganisa ukufomatha okuchanekileyo, ukugubungela, ukucaphula umthombo kwi-RAG, kunye nokwaneliseka komsebenzisi. Into engalinganiswanga ayiphucuki.

Ukukhetha phakathi kokwaziswa, ukulungiswa kwamsinyane kunye nokulungisa kakuhle asingombandela wemfundiso kodwa kumxholo.: iindleko, amaxesha, umngcipheko wempazamo, ukufumaneka kwedatha, kunye nesidingo sobuchule. Ukuba uyazibethelela ezi zinto, itekhnoloji iya kusebenza ngokuthanda kwakho, hayi ngenye indlela.

UDaniel Terrasa

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