- I-Artificial superintelligence (ASI) yayiza kugqithisa ingqiqo yomntu kuwo wonke amandla ayo.
- Inokuguqula amayeza, isayensi kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zehlabathi.
- Kukho umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa kolawulo kunye neengxabano ezinokwenzeka kunye noluntu.
- Iingcali ziphakamisa umgaqo wehlabathi jikelele ukuphuhlisa i-ASI ngokukhuselekileyo.
La ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa (ASI) yingcamango yethiyori ethe yaphononongwa ngokubanzi kwiintsomi zenzululwazi nakwingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nekamva lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Ibhekisa kwi-AI engahambelani kuphela, kodwa bugqwesa kakhulu ubukrelekrele bomntu kuzo zonke iinkalo, ukusuka ekuqiqeni okunengqiqo ukuya ekuyilweni nasekuthatheni izigqibo.
Nangona namhlanje sinayo ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa obulinganiselweyo (ANI) kwaye umsebenzi uyenziwa kwi ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ngokubanzi (AGI), i-ASI iya kumela ukutsiba okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, okunamandla okuguqula ngokupheleleyo uluntu. Kodwa, Ngaba ngokwenene inayiphi impembelelo? Ziziphi iingenelo neengozi ezinokubakho? Kweli nqaku siza kuhlalutya esi sihloko sinomdla kakhulu nzulu.
Iintlobo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa: ukusuka kwi-ANI ukuya kwi-ASI
Ukuqonda ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, okokuqala kubalulekile ukwazi iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-AI:
- Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa obuNcinci (i-NAI): Yi-AI esiyisebenzisayo ngoku kwaye yenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi ethile, enjengokuqonda imifanekiso, ukuguqulela izicatshulwa okanye ukucebisa umxholo kumaqonga edijithali. Awukwazi ukufunda ngaphandle kwenkqubo yakho.
- Ubukrelekrele boBugcisa boBugcisa boBugcisa (i-AGI): Ibhekisa kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa obukwaziyo ukuthelekisa amandla omntu. Inokufunda kwaye iqhelane nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokufuna ukucwangciswa ngokutsha.
- Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kweArtificial (ASI): Iza kugqitha ngaphaya kwe-AGI, igqwese ubukrelekrele bomntu kuzo zonke iindlela zayo, ukusuka ekusombululeni iingxaki ukuya ekukwazini ukuziphucula ngokuzimeleyo.
Yintoni i-artificial superintelligence?
I-ASI luhlobo olucingelwayo lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuba, ukuba luphuhlisiwe, ebeya kukwazi ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi wobukrelekrele bhetele kunabantu. Hayi nje ndiya kuqonda ihlabathi kunye a ubunzulu -ngenakuthelekiswa nanto, kodwa inokuziphucula ngokwazo kakhulu.
Namhlanje, i-ASI ihlala iyingcinga yethiyori, kodwa isithandi sobulumko saseSweden Nick Bostrom, umbhali wencwadi ethi "Superintelligence: Iindlela, iiNgozi, amaqhinga," icebisa ukuba ukufika kwayo kunokuphawula ukuveliswa kokugqibela koluntu, njengoko i-AI inokuthatha uxanduva lokuqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili ngokwayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-ASI
Phakathi iipropati enokuchaza ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, sifumana:
- Ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo: Bekungayi kuxhomekeka ekusebenzisaneni kwabantu ukufunda nokuphuhlisa.
- Ubuchule bokuqiqa: Ibiya kubadlula abantu ngokwengqiqo, ukwenza izigqibo kunye nokuyila.
- Ukuziphucula rhoqo: Unokwandisa ii-algorithms zakho ukuphucula ukusebenza kwazo ngokukhawuleza.
- Inkumbulo engapheliyo kunye nokuqhubekeka kwangoko: Inokugcina kwaye ihlalutye izixa ezikhulu zedatha ngaphandle kwemida.
Iinzuzo ezinokwenzeka ze-ASI
Nangona uphuhliso lwayo luvelisa ukungaqiniseki, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa Kwakhona kunokuzisa inkqubela phambili enkulu kwiindawo ngeendawo, njenge:
- Iyeza: Uxilongo oluchanekileyo, uphuhliso lwamachiza ngexesha lerekhodi kunye nonyango lobuqu.
- Inzululwazi kunye nokuhlola indawo: Ukucombulula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo nokwenza izinto ezifunyaniswe yinzululwazi zingenzeki ebantwini.
- ISisombululo seNgxaki yeHlabathi: Ukusuka kutshintsho lwemozulu ukuya ekunqongopheni kwezixhobo, i-ASI inokucebisa izisombululo ezisebenzayo ngakumbi.
- Ukulungiswa kwemveliso: Ukutshintshwa kwemisebenzi ephindaphindiweyo kunye nokuphuculwa kweenkqubo zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo.
Imingcipheko kunye nezoyikiso ze-ASI
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo zayo, i-ASI nayo ibangela iingxaki eziphazamisayo ezikhathaza iingcali ezininzi:
- Ukulahlekelwa lulawulo: Ukuba i-ASI ibinokuzimela kwaye yenze izigqibo esingaziqondiyo, bekungenakwenzeka ukuyeka.
- Ingxabano nabantu: Inokuphuhlisa iinjongo ezingahambelaniyo neemfuno zoluntu.
- Ulawulo lwezomkhosi: Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixhobo kunokubangela ingozi engazange ibonwe ngaphambili.
- Ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho: Amashishini amakhulu anofikelelo kwi-ASI angalawula amacandelo kwaye enze umsantsa wentlalo ibe mandundu.
Izisombululo kunye nemimiselo enokwenzeka
Iingcali nemibutho eyahlukeneyo iye yawuphakamisa lo mbandela imfuneko yokuseka ulawulo lwehlabathi jikelele kuphuhliso lwe-ASI ukuze kuthintelwe iimeko ezinokuthi zibe yintlekele. Izisombululo ezicetywayo ziquka:
- Uphuhliso algorithms for ukulungelelaniswa nemilinganiselo yabantu ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-ASI isebenzela uluntu.
- Ukuphunyezwa kwe ulawulo lokhuseleko ukuthintela ukuziphatha okungalindelekanga.
- Intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe phakathi koorhulumente, iinkampani zobuchwepheshe kunye neenzululwazi ukwenzela a ulongamelo olusesikweni yophuhliso lwe-ASI.
I-Artificial superintelligence sisihloko esinomdla esisembindini weengxoxo malunga nekamva lobuchwephesha. Nangona Kusekude ukuba ibe yinyani, uphuhliso lwayo lunokutshintsha ngonaphakade indlela esiphila ngayo, esisebenza ngayo nesihlobene ngayo. Ngelixa izibonelelo zayo zinokuba yinguquko, zikwanjalo Kuyimfuneko ukujongana nemingeni yokuziphatha kunye nokhuseleko olubangela oku., ukuqinisekisa ukuba indaleko yayo ilawulwa kwaye iyingenelo eluntwini.
Ndingumntu othanda itekhnoloji ojike umdla wakhe we "geek" waba ngumsebenzi. Ndichithe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yobomi bam ndisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kwaye ndikhenkceza ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okumsulwa. Ngoku ndiqeqeshelwe ubugcisa bekhompyutha nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ndibhalela iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kwitekhnoloji kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, ndisenza amanqaku afuna ukukunika ulwazi oludingayo ngolwimi oluqondakalayo kuye wonke umntu.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, ulwazi lwam lusuka kuyo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kunye ne-Android yeefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwaye ukuzinikela kwam kukuwe, ndihlala ndikulungele ukuchitha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ndikuncede usombulule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo kweli lizwe le-intanethi.