Ngubani odale iselfowuni kwaye yenzelwe ntoni?

Kwixesha ledijithali Ehlabathini esiphila kulo, akunakuphepheka ukuthetha ngesixhobo esiye sandiswa ingalo yethu: iselula. Sikhona phantse kuzo zonke iikona zomhlaba, esi sixhobo sincinci siye sayiguqula indlela esinxibelelana ngayo, esisebenza ngayo kunye nokuzonwabisa kwethu. Kodwa ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ngubani owadala olu yilo kwaye yayiyintoni injongo yalo yokuqala? Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga imvelaphi yeselfowuni kwaye sihlalutye umsebenzi wayo ophambili. kuluntu yanamhlanje.

Imvelaphi kunye nokuvela kweselfowuni: Ukujongwa kumdali wayo kunye nenjongo yayo yokuqala

Iselfowuni, njengoko sisazi namhlanje, iye yavela ngokumangalisayo kwimvelaphi yayo ethobekileyo. Ukudalwa kwayo kubangelwa nguMartin Cooper, injineli ye-Motorola, owathi ngo-1973 wakwazi ukwenza ifowuni yokuqala yefowuni evela kwisixhobo esiphathwayo. Ekuqaleni, injongo yeselfowuni yayikukubonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo, engenazingcingo yonxibelelwano ngexesha leemeko ezingxamisekileyo okanye xa umntu engenakho ukufikelela kwi-landline.

Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, iiselfowuni zaqala ukunika uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu kunye nokusebenza. Ezinye zezigaba eziphambili kwi-evolution yeselula ziquka:

• Iiselfowuni ze-analog: Iiselfowuni zokuqala zasebenzisa iteknoloji ye-analog, eyanciphisa amandla abo okudlulisa idatha kunye nokubonelela ngekhwalithi yezwi ecacileyo. Ezi zixhobo zazinkulu kwaye zinzima, zineebhetri ezihlala ixesha elifutshane.
• Iiselfowuni zedijithali: Ngasekupheleni kwee-1980, iiselfowuni zedijithali zaqala ukuthatha indawo yeeselfowuni ze-analog. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngekhwalithi yelizwi elingcono, ubomi obude bebhetri, kunye nokuvumela imiyalezo ebhaliweyo.
• Iifowuni eziphathwayo: Ukufika kwee-smartphones kuliguqule ngokupheleleyo ishishini leselfowuni. Ezi zixhobo zidibanisa ifowuni, ikhompyutha, kunye nemisebenzi yekhamera kwisixhobo esinye. Ii-smartphones zanamhlanje zibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye noqhagamshelo olukhawulezayo lwe-intanethi.

Kule mihla, iselula ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko ebomini bethu, kunxibelelwano lobuqu kunye nomsebenzi kunye nokuzonwabisa. Ukuvela kwayo kuyaqhubeka njengoko kuvela izinto ezintsha ezintsha, ezinje ngeefowuni ezigotywayo kunye neteknoloji ye-5G, ethembisa ukuguqula ngakumbi indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nezi zixhobo.

Umqambi weselfowuni kunye nelifa lakhe kwishishini lezonxibelelwano

Umqambi weselfowuni, uMartin Cooper, ushiye ilifa elingenakucimeka kushishino lonxibelelwano. Igalelo lakhe liye layiguqula indlela esinxibelelana ngayo, layiguqula ngokupheleleyo indlela esiphila ngayo kunye nendlela esiqhuba ngayo ishishini. Ngezantsi, siza kuqaqambisa ezinye zezinto eziphambili zelifa lakhe:

1. Umnxeba wokuqala ophathwayo: Ngo-1973, uMartin Cooper wenza umnxeba wokuqala ophathwayo kwimbali esebenzisa isixhobo esiphathwayo awayesenzile. Le mnxeba, eyenziwe ngeselfowuni yeprototype, yaphawula ukuqala kwexesha elitsha lonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo. Ukusukela ngoko, iselfowuni ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

2. Inkqubela phambili kwiminiaturization: Enye yezona mpumelelo zibalulekileyo zikaCooper yayikukukwazi kwakhe ukunciphisa ubungakanani beeselfowuni. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, i-Cooper ikhokele uphuhliso lwezixhobo ezincinci, ezilula, ezivumela iiselfowuni ukuba zithwaleke ngakumbi kwaye zifikeleleke kuluntu jikelele. Le nkqubela phambili yavula indlela yokwandiswa okukhulu kweshishini lezonxibelelwano.

3. Imigangatho yonxibelelwano: U-Cooper naye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusekeni imigangatho yonxibelelwano eyenze ukuba kubekho ukusebenzisana phakathi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenethiwekhi. Umbono wakhe wehlabathi apho abantu banokunxibelelana ngaphandle komthungo, kungakhathaliseki ukwenziwa okanye imodeli yeeselfowuni zabo, yavula indlela yophuhliso lobuchwephesha obufana ne-GSM kunye ne-CDMA, ibeka isiseko somnxeba ophathwayo esiwaziyo namhlanje.

Iselfowuni njengempendulo kwimfuno yonxibelelwano oluphathwayo nolufikelelekayo

Iselfowuni iye yatshintsha indlela esinxibelelana ngayo, ibonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesifikelelekayo kwiimfuno zethu zonxibelelwano oluphathwayo. Enkosi kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, namhlanje sinokuthatha iselfowuni yethu naphi na kwaye sihlale siqhagamshelwe ngamaxesha onke nokuba umgama.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphawulekayo zeselfowuni kukuphatheka kwayo kunye nokulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngobukhulu obuncinci kunye nobukhulu obukhaphukhaphu, iselfowuni iye yaba sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Nokuba ngeefowuni, imiyalezo ebhaliweyo okanye usetyenziso lwemiyalezo ekhawulezileyo, iselfowuni isivumela ukuba sihlale sinxibelelana nabahlobo, usapho kunye noogxa bethu ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.

Enye inkalo ebalaseleyo yeselfowuni kukukwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zethu. Ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezikhoyo, sinokwenza iiselfowuni zethu zibe zezenu ngokokhetho lwethu kunye nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ukusuka kwizicelo iinethiwekhi zoluntu kwizixhobo zemveliso, iselula isinika amathuba angapheliyo okusigcina sonwabile kwaye silungelelaniswe nanini na, naphi na.

Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zeselfowuni: ngaphaya kweefowuni kunye nemiyalezo ebhaliweyo

Iselfowuni ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, isinika okungaphezulu kokufowuna nokuthumela imiyalezo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo kodwa zihlala zingahoywa esizifumana kwisixhobo sethu esiphathwayo.

Enye yale misebenzi kukukhangela kwi-Intanethi. Iifowuni eziphathwayo zisivumela ukuba singene kwi-Intanethi nangaliphi na ixesha kunye nendawo, sibe ngamaziko olwazi oluyinyaniso. Ukusuka ekujongeni imozulu, ukufumana izalathiso kunye nokufikelela kwimidiya yoluntu, ukuya ekuthengeni kwi-Intanethi nokufunda iindaba ngexesha langempela, ukukhangela i-Intanethi kwiselfowuni yethu kusinika izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka, zonke zifumaneka ezandleni zethu.

Enye into ephawulekayo yikhamera eyakhelwe kwiiselfowuni zethu. Uninzi lwezixhobo eziphathwayo zanamhlanje zineekhamera ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu kunye nobuchule obuphambili, okusivumela ukuba sibambe amaxesha akhethekileyo ngomgangatho onomtsalane. Ukongeza ekuthatheni iifoto, sinako rekhoda iividiyo kwaye usebenzise iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezihluzi ukwenza imifanekiso yethu ibe yeyakho. Lo msebenzi usinceda ukuba sigcine iinkumbulo ezixabisekileyo kwaye sabelane ngazo nabantu esibathandayo ngeenethiwekhi zentlalo kunye nezicelo zemiyalezo yangoko nangoko.

Ifuthe leselfowuni kumacandelo obuqu, ezentlalo nezoshishino

Iselfowuni ibe nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bethu, kumgangatho wobuqu, wentlalontle kunye neshishini. Abantu abaninzi ngakumbi baxhomekeke kwizixhobo zabo eziphathwayo ukunxibelelana, ukufikelela kulwazi kunye nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Emva koko, iziphumo eziphambili eziye zafunyanwa yiselfowuni kwezi ndawo ziya kuchazwa.

Kwinqanaba lomntu, ifowuni ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko. Ngesixhobo esinye, sinokwenza imisebenzi emininzi, njengokuthumela imiyalezo, ukufowuna, ukufota, ukubukela iividiyo kunye nokufikelela kwiintanethi zentlalo. Ukongeza, inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ivumele ii-smartphones ukuba zibe namandla ngakumbi kwaye ziguquguquke, zinika abasebenzisi ithuba lokwenza imisebenzi ebinokwenzeka ngaphambili. kwikhompyutha.

Kwinqanaba lentlalontle, iselula itshintshe indlela esinxulumana ngayo nabanye. Enkosi kwizicelo zemiyalezo yangoko nangoko, ezinje ngeWhatsApp okanye iTelegram, sinokuhlala sinxibelelana nosapho lwethu, abahlobo kunye noogxa bethu. Ukongeza, iinethiwekhi zentlalo zisivumela ukuba sabelane ngamaxesha obomi bethu ngexesha lokwenyani, siseke oonxibelelwano lobuchwephesha kwaye sihlale sinolwazi malunga neendaba ezifanelekileyo kunye neziganeko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweselfowuni ngokugqithisileyo kunokuchaphazela kakubi ubudlelwane bethu nabantu kwaye kuvelise iziyobisi.

Iingcebiso zokwenza uninzi lwesakhono seselfowuni kubomi bemihla ngemihla

Iselfowuni iye yaba sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, kodwa ngaba sisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ithuba layo? Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokufumana okuninzi kwisixhobo sakho:

1. Gcina ifowuni yakho ihlaziyiwe: Ukugcina iselfowuni yakho ihlaziywa kubalulekile ukwenza uninzi lwamandla ayo. Qinisekisa ukuba ufakela uhlaziyo kwi inkqubo yokwenza kunye nezicelo rhoqo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele izinto ezintsha, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko olukhulu.

2. Lungiselela ii-apps zakho: Inani lezicelo ezikhoyo kwifowuni yeselula kunokuba nzima. Ukwenza uninzi lwamandla abo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungelelanise izicelo zakho ngokufanelekileyo. Yenza iifolda ezinemixholo kwiqela lezicelo ezinxulumeneyo kwaye ubeke ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwisikrini engundoqo ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kubo.

3. Phonononga iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo: Amaxesha amaninzi siyayihoya imisebenzi ethile efihliweyo kwiselfowuni yethu. Thatha ixesha lokuphonononga useto lwesixhobo sakho kunye nokhetho. Ungafumana imisebenzi eluncedo efana nemowudi yokugcina ibhetri, ulawulo lwentshukumo okanye uguqulelo olukhawulezileyo. Ezi mpawu zinokwenza ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla bube lula kwaye busebenze ngakumbi.

Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji eye yaguqula ishishini leselfowuni

Inkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha ibe nempembelelo enkulu kwishishini leselfowuni, iguqula ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhawulezisa ukuvela kwayo kwiminyaka. Ezi nkqubela phambili ziqhube uphuhliso lwezixhobo ezikhulayo neziphucukileyo, ezibonelela abasebenzisi ngamava aphezulu eselula. Apha ngezantsi zezinye zenkqubela phambili ephawulekayo ethe yaguqula ishishini leselfowuni:

1. Izikrini zokuchukumisa: Ukuqaliswa kwezikrini zokuthintela kuye kwaba yeyona nkqubela phambili ibalulekileyo kushishino lweeselfowuni. Ezi zikrini zivumela ukusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendalo phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nesixhobo, ukwenza lula ukuhamba kunye nokuququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo kunye nemisebenzi. Ukususela kwii-smartphones zokuqala ukuya kwizixhobo zanamhlanje, izikrini zokuthintela ziphuculwe ngokweemvakalelo, isisombululo kunye nobukhulu, ukunika abasebenzisi amava abonakalayo angenakulinganiswa.

2. UQhagamshelwano lwe-4G kunye ne-5G: Ukufika kweenethiwekhi ze-4G kwaye, kutshanje, i-5G, iguqule indlela esinxibelelana ngayo kunye nokusebenzisa iiselfowuni zethu. Ezi teknoloji zenethiwekhi zibonelela ngezantya zoqhagamshelo olukhawulezayo kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokuphatha umthamo omkhulu wedatha, ukwenza ukhangelo oluthambileyo, ukhuphelo olukhawulezayo, kunye nomgangatho ongcono wokuhanjiswa kweaudio kunye nevidiyo. Ukongeza, unxibelelwano lwe-5G luthembisa i-latency ephantsi kwaye ivula umnyango kwizicelo ezitsha ezifana ne-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) kunye inyani ebonakalayo.

3. Iikhamera ezinesisombululo esiphezulu: Ukuvela kweekhamera zeselfowuni kuye kwaba yinto emangalisayo. Ukususela ekuveleni kweekhamera ezithobekileyo, ezinokulungiswa okuphantsi ukuya kwiinkqubo ezinamandla zeekhamera ezininzi ezineelensi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kuye kwayiguqula indlela esibamba ngayo kunye nokwabelana ngamaxesha abalulekileyo. Iikhamera zeselfowuni zanamhlanje zibonelela ngeempawu ezifana ne-autofocus, ukuzinzisa umfanekiso, kunye nokukwazi rekhoda ividiyo kwisisombululo se-4K, enika abasebenzisi ubuchwephesha bokufota kunye namava evidiyo entendeni yezandla zabo.

Ikamva leselfowuni: iintsingiselo kunye neembono ezintsha

Iintsingiselo ezintsha kunye neembono zekamva leeselula zityhila umbono ochulumancisayo nothembisayo wophuhliso lobuchwepheshe beselula. Njengoko sisiya kuluntu oluqhagamshelene ngokwandayo, iifowuni eziphathwayo zikhula ngokuxhuma kunye nemida ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zabasebenzisi.

Okokuqala, ukudibanisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI) kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kuguqula indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nezi zixhobo. Enkosi kwi-AI, iiselfowuni ziya kukwazi ukuqonda kwaye zifunde kwizinto esizikhethayo kunye nokuziphatha, zisinika amava obuqu kunye nawodwa. Ukongeza, i-AI ivumela ukuqhubela phambili okubonakalayo ekuqapheliseni intetho kunye nokuguqulelwa kwexesha lokwenyani, okwenza unxibelelwano lube lula kwaye lufikeleleke kwihlabathi jikelele.

Omnye umkhwa wokutsha kuphuhliso lwezikrini eziguquguqukayo nezisongekayo. Ezi teknoloji zivelayo ziya kuvumela iiselfowuni ukuba zilungelelanise ubungakanani obuhlukeneyo kunye neefomathi, zinike abasebenzisi ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekusebenziseni kwabo imihla ngemihla. Ukongeza, izikrini eziguquguqukayo ziyakwazi ukunika ukuchasana okukhulu kwi-bumps kunye nokuhla, okuya kwandisa ukuqina kweeselfowuni. Ngesi sizukulwana sitsha sezikrini, singonwabela izixhobo ezixineneyo ngaphandle kokuncama amava abonakalayo.

Imibuzo neempendulo

Umbuzo: Ngubani odale iselfowuni kwaye yenzelwe ntoni?
Impendulo: Iselfowuni yenziwe liqela labaphandi elikhokelwa nguMartin Cooper e-Motorola ngo-1973. Isebenza njengesixhobo sonxibelelwano lweselula esikuvumela ukuba wenze iifowuni, uthumele imiyalezo kunye nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.

Umbuzo: Isebenza njani ifowuni?
Impendulo: Iselfowuni isebenza ngokubulela kwindibaniselwano yetekhnoloji, efana nokuhanjiswa kwemiqondiso yerediyo, imfonomfono ephathwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-eriyali. Ezi zivumela unxibelelwano lwe-wireless lwexesha lokwenyani phakathi kwesixhobo kunye neenqaba zeeseli ezikufutshane.

Umbuzo: Zeziphi iitekhnoloji ezenza kube lula ukusebenza yeselfowuni?
Impendulo: Ukusebenza kweselfowuni kusekelwe kubuchwephesha obufana ne-GSM (i-Global System yoNxibelelwano lwe-Mobile), i-CDMA (i-Code Division Multiple Access) kwaye, kutshanje, inkqubo ye-4G kunye ne-5G. Ezi teknoloji zivumela ukuhanjiswa kwelizwi, idatha kunye nemultimedia ye indlela esebenzayo.

Umbuzo: Yeyiphi eyona misebenzi ingundoqo yeselula?
Impendulo: Ukongeza ekufowuneni nasekuthumeleni imiyalezo, iiselfowuni zale mihla zinemisebenzi efana nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi, i-imeyile, inethiwekhi yoluntu, ukuzulazula kweGPS, ukudlala kwakhona kwemultimedia, ikhamera kunye nevidiyo, phakathi kwezinye.

Umbuzo: Iselula yahluke njani kumnxeba wasekhaya?
Impendulo: Ngokungafaniyo neefowuni zasekhaya, iiselfowuni zizixhobo eziphathwayo ezinokuthathwa naphi na. Bakwavumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwemisebenzi kwaye ngoku bahambele phambili ngakumbi kubuchwepheshe.

Umbuzo: Yintoni ukubaluleka kweselfowuni namhlanje?
Impendulo: Iselfowuni ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ivumela ukuba sihlale siqhagamshelwe, siququzelele unxibelelwano lwexesha lokwenyani, ukufikelela kulwazi, ukwenza iintengiselwano zebhanki, sizonwabisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo.

Umbuzo: Linokuba yintoni ikamva leselfowuni?
Impendulo: Okwangoku, iteknoloji efana ne-5G iyaphuhliswa, ethembisa isantya esikhulu kunye noqhagamshelwano. Ukongeza, iiselfowuni zilindeleke ukuba zibe krelekrele ngakumbi, ngokuphunyezwa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ubunyani obubonakalayo kunye nolwandisiweyo, kunye neendlela ezintsha zokusebenzisana nomsebenzisi.

Amanqaku aphambili

Isishwankathelo, iselfowuni sisixhobo soguqulo kwinkalo yonxibelelwano, imvelaphi yayo isukela kumashumi eminyaka yokuqala yekhulu lama-20. Yenziwe liqela leenjineli ezikhokelayo kunye nezazinzulu ebezifuna ukwenza lula kwaye zityebise indlela esinxibelelana ngayo nehlabathi. Kule mihla, iselfowuni iye yaba sisixhobo esiyimfuneko ebomini bethu, esivumela ukuba sifowune, sithumele imiyalezo, sikhangele kwi-Intanethi kwaye sifikelele kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo eziququzelela ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Enkosi kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji engaguqukiyo, iselula iyaqhubeka nokuvela kwaye iqhelana neemfuno eziguqukayo zoluntu, isenza unxibelelwano olukhawulezileyo lube lula kwaye sophule imiqobo yejografi. Njengomlingisi wexesha ledijithali, ifowuni ishiye uphawu olungenakucimeka kwimbali yethu kwaye impembelelo yayo idlula imida, idibanisa abantu kunye nokuguqula indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nehlabathi elisingqongileyo.