Lahla ifowuni yakho.

Kwihlabathi elihlala livela letekhnoloji, izixhobo eziphathwayo ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, kuza ixesha apho ukungabikho kwetekhnoloji okanye umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwenza kube yimfuneko ukulahla ifowuni yethu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokhetho kunye neengqwalasela ezibalulekileyo xa ulahla inkunkuma yeselula, siqinisekisa ukuba ulawula ngokufanelekileyo ezi zixhobo ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokwandisa amandla azo okurisayikilisha. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane indlela yokuvalelisa ngokufanelekileyo kunye noxanduva kwifowuni yakho ephathekayo.

1. Intshayelelo kulawulo lwenkunkuma yombane

2. Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeeselfowuni ezilahliweyo

Iiselfowuni ezilahliweyo zibonisa inkxalabo ekhulayo ngokunxulumene nokusingqongileyo ngenxa yeempembelelo ezininzi ezimbi ezizivelisayo. Apha ngezantsi zezinye zeengxaki eziphambili zokusingqongileyo ezinxulumene nokulahlwa ngokungafanelekanga kwezi zixhobo ziphathwayo:

• Ukungcoliseka komhlaba: Izinto ezinetyhefu kwiiselfowuni, ezifana nelothe, i-mercury, kunye ne-lithium, zinokungena emhlabeni ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Oku kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho womhlaba kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana ezixhomekeke kuwo.
• Ungcoliseko lwamanzi: Xa iiselfowuni zilahlwa kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ngaphandle kolawulo olululo, imichiza eyingozi inokuphumela kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba nakwimithombo yamanzi ekufutshane. Oku akuchaphazeli ubomi basemanzini kuphela kodwa nempilo yabantu xa amanzi angcolileyo esetyenzisiwe.
• Ukukhutshwa kwegesi yeGreenhouse: Ukuveliswa kunye nokulahlwa kweeselfowuni kuvelisa ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse, ezifana nekharbon diokside kunye nemethane. Ezi gesi zinegalelo kubushushu bomhlaba nokutshintsha kwemozulu, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki esele zikho kwimekobume.

Ukunciphisa oku, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona, ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokulahlwa okuchanekileyo kwezi zixhobo. Enye inketho kukunikezela ngazo kwimibutho ezinikele ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona nasekulungiseni iiselfowuni ukuze ziphinde zithengiswe okanye zinikelwe kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuthenga entsha. Ukongeza, iinkampani zinokusebenzisa ukuqokelelwa kweeselfowuni kunye neenkqubo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ukuze zithintelwe ukuba zingaphelelanga kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Kubalulekile ukuba abathengi bakwazazise ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulahla kwaye baphephe ukuzilahla kwinkunkuma eqhelekileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, ibalulekile kwaye ifuna ingqalelo engxamisekileyo. Bobabini abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka baqaphele iziphumo ezibi zolawulo olungalunganga lwezi zixhobo kwaye bathathe amanyathelo anoxanduva lokunciphisa impembelelo yabo. Kungezenzo ezidityanisiweyo kuphela apho sinokuthi silondoloze okusingqongileyo kwaye siqinisekise ikamva elizinzileyo lezizukulwana ezizayo.

3. Iingozi zempilo ezinxulumene nokulahlwa ngokungafanelekanga kweeselfowuni

Ukulahlwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kweeselfowuni kunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezahlukeneyo zempilo, esingafanele sizijongele phantsi. Ngezantsi ezinye zeengozi eziphambili ezinxulumene nesi senzo:

1. Ungcoliseko lwamanzi nomhlaba: Iiselfowuni zinezinto eziyityhefu ezifana nelothe, imekyuri kunye necadmium. Xa zigalelwe umhlaba okanye zilahlwa ngendlela engafanelekanga, ezi zinyithi zinokungena emanzini aphantsi komhlaba zize ziwangcolise. Ngokufanayo, ukuba izixhobo zombane zitshiswe ngenkunkuma, zinokukhupha imichiza eyingozi echaphazela umhlaba nomoya.

2. Ukuba sesichengeni kwimitha eyingozi: Iiselfowuni zikhupha imitha ye-radiofrequency, eyaziwa ngokuba yimitha ye-non-ionizing. Ukuba zilahlwe ngendlela engafanelekanga kwiindawo apho ziqokelelana khona, ezinje ngenkunkuma okanye iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ezingekho mthethweni, le mitha yemitha inokudibanela nokusingqongileyo kwaye ukuba sesichengeni kuyo ixesha elide kunokwandisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezithile zomhlaza, iingxaki zemithambo-luvo kunye nezinye izifo.

3. Impembelelo kwi-ikhosistim: Ukongeza kwiingozi ezithe ngqo kwimpilo yabantu, ukulahlwa ngokungafanelekanga kweeselfowuni nako kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwi-ikhosistim. Ukwembiwa kweeminerali eziyimfuneko ekwenzeni izixhobo zombane kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kweendawo zokuhlala zendalo kunye nokukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse. Ngokunjalo, ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma ye-elektroniki kunokwenzakalisa izityalo nezilwanyana zasekuhlaleni, ekubeni izinto eziyityhefu ezikhutshiweyo zinokuqokelelana kwikhonkco lokutya kwaye zichaphazele izinto eziphilayo.

4. Imithetho kunye nemimiselo yokuchithwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeselfowuni

Kule mihla, ukulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeselfowuni kuye kwaba yinkxalabo enkulu ngenxa yeempembelelo zazo zokusingqongileyo kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokulahlwa ngokungafanelekanga kwezi zixhobo zombane. Ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olunoxanduva nolukhuselekileyo lweefowuni eziphathwayo, kukho imigaqo nemimiselo ekufuneka ilandelwe ngokungqongqo ngabasebenzisi kunye neenkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekuveliseni nasekuthengisweni kwazo.

Eminye yeyona migaqo ifanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yokulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeselfowuni zezi:

• Umthetho wenkunkuma yombane: Umthetho wesizwe nowamazwe ngamazwe useka izikhokelo ezithile zolawulo olululo lwenkunkuma yombane, kubandakanywa neeselfowuni. Le migaqo ibandakanya ukuthintelwa kokulahlwa kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nesibophelelo sokuhlaziya izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo.
• Uqokelelo kunye neenkqubo zokurisayikilisha: Amazwe amaninzi kunye nemibutho iphumeza ukuqokelela iiselfowuni kunye neenkqubo zokurisayikilishwa ukuququzelela ukulahlwa kwazo ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi nkqubo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba banikezele ngezixhobo zabo eziphelelwe lixesha okanye ezonakalisiweyo kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo zokuqokelela, apho ziya kucutshungulwa ngokwemigangatho esekiweyo yokurisayikilishwa.

Ukongeza kokuthobela imithetho kunye nemimiselo, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kokucima ngokukhuselekileyo lonke ulwazi lomntu olugcinwe kwifowuni phambi kokuba lucinywe. Oku kubandakanya ukuseta kwakhona isixhobo kuseto lwasefektri kunye nokucima ngesandla nayiphi na idatha enxulumeneyo okanye iiakhawunti. Ngokunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ususe iSIM khadi kunye nememori khadi phambi kokuba ulahle ifowuni.

5. Uhlaziyo lwesixhobo esiphathwayo kunye nokhetho lokuphinda usetyenziswe

Ukuba unesixhobo esidala esiphathwayo ongasasisebenzisiyo, endaweni yokuba usishiye siqokelela uthuli edroweni, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuphinda usebenzise kwakhona onokuziqwalasela. Ezi zikhetho ziya kukuvumela ukuba unike ubomi besibini kwisixhobo sakho kwaye ube negalelo kugcino lokusingqongileyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela onokukhetha kuzo:

1. Umnikelo: Ukuba isixhobo sakho sisasebenza ngokufanelekileyo, enye inketho kukunikela kwabangenzi nzuzo okanye kwizikolo ezinokuthatha ithuba laso. Unokukhangela iinkqubo zomnikelo kwindawo yakho okanye uqhagamshelane ngokuthe ngqo namaziko azinikele kolu hlobo lwenyathelo.

2. Intengiso: Ukuba isixhobo sakho sikwimeko entle kodwa awusayidingi, cinga ngokusithengisa ukuze omnye umntu asisebenzise. Kukho usetyenziso kunye namaqonga akwi-intanethi apho unokuthumela khona iintengiso ukuze uthengise isixhobo sakho ngokukhuselekileyo.

3. Ukwenziwa ngokutsha okukhethekileyo: Ukuba isixhobo sakho esiphathwayo sonakele okanye asisebenzi, kubalulekile ukuba ungasilahli kwinkunkuma eqhelekileyo. Endaweni yoko, khangela amaziko okurisayikilisha asebenza ngezixhobo zombane. La maziko aya kuba noxanduva lokudiliza kunye nokuhlaziya amacandelo ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ukosuleleka kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto.

6. Iingcebiso zokulahla ngokufanelekileyo iselula

Xa ufikelela esiphelweni sobomi obuluncedo befowuni yakho, kubalulekile ukuyilahla ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha umonakalo. kokusingqongileyo nakwimpilo yoluntu. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokulahla ngokufanelekileyo. yesixhobo sakho:

1. Yazi iindlela ezikhoyo: Ngaphambi kokuba ulahle ifowuni yakho, phanda ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwindawo yakho. Ezinye iindawo zibonelela ngohlaziyo okanye iinkqubo zokuqokelela kwizixhobo zombane, apho unokunikezela ngeselfowuni yakho indlela ekhuselekileyo.

2. Cima idatha yakho: Phambi kokuba ulahle ifowuni yakho, qiniseka ukuba ucima lonke ulwazi lomntu olugcinwe kuyo. Ukuseta ngokutsha kuseto lwasefektri okanye ukucima ngokukhuselekileyo idatha kubalulekile ukukhusela ubumfihlo bakho.

3. Yahlula amacandelo: Xa ulahla ifowuni yakho, kubalulekile ukwahlula iinxalenye zayo ngokufanelekileyo. Kwelinye icala, ungayisusa ibhetri kwaye uyise kwiziko lokurisayikilisha elikhethekileyo kwizinto zombane. Kwelinye icala, ungahambisa enye ifowuni kwindawo ekhethiweyo yokuqokelela.

7. Iinzuzo zoqoqosho nezentlalo zokurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni

Ukurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni akuloncedo nje kuphela kokusingqongileyo, kodwa kunoncedo olukhulu lwezoqoqosho nezentlalo. Ngezantsi, sibonisa ezinye zezibonelelo eziphawuleka kakhulu:

1. Ukuveliswa kwengqesho: Inkqubo yokurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni ifuna abasebenzi abakhethekileyo kwi-electronics kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma. Ngokukhuthazwa kolu qheliselo, kudaleka imisebenzi kumashishini anxulumeneyo, anjengokuqokelela, ukuhlela, ukudilizwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo: Ukurisayikilisha iiselfowuni kusivumela ukuba siphinde sifumane izinto ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide, isilivere, ikopolo kunye nepaladium, ekhoyo kwiisekethe zombane. Ezi zixhobo zingaphinda zisetyenziswe ekwenzeni izixhobo ezitsha, ukuphepha ukutsalwa kwemithombo yendalo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.

3. Ukukhuthazwa koqoqosho lwesetyhula: Ngokuphinda kusetyenziswe iiselfowuni, uqoqosho lwesetyhula luyakhuthazwa, ekubeni izinto ezithathwe kwizixhobo ezindala zingaphinda zisetyenziswe kwimveliso emitsha. Oku kunegalelo kwimodeli yemveliso ezinzileyo kwaye kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimathiriyeli ekrwada enomda.

8. Ukubaluleka kokususwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwedatha yomntu

Kwixesha ledijithali Namhlanje, ukukhuselwa kolwazi lomntu kuye kwaba yinkxalabo ephambili yabantu kunye nemibutho. Ukucinywa ngokukhuselekileyo kwedatha yobuqu kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ubusela besazisi, ukubhengezwa okungagunyaziswanga kolwazi olunovakalelo kunye nolunye ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-cyber. Kubalulekile ukwamkela iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulahla ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo bedatha kunye nokhuseleko. Apha ngezantsi kukho izizathu zokuba kutheni ukucinywa ngokukhuselekileyo kwedatha yobuqu kubaluleke kakhulu.

1. Ukuthobela imithetho: Kumazwe amaninzi, kukho imithetho nemimiselo ethile efuna ukuba imibutho ikhusele ubumfihlo bedatha yabantu kwaye iqinisekise ukulahlwa kwayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela le migaqo kunokukhokelela kwisohlwayo esisemthethweni kuze konakalise isidima senkampani.

2. Ukhuseleko kubusela besazisi: Idatha yobuqu efana namagama apheleleyo, iidilesi, iinombolo zefowuni, kunye neenombolo zokhuseleko loluntu zixabiseke kakhulu kubaphuli-mthetho be-intanethi. Ukucinywa ngokungafanelekanga kwale datha kunokuvumela abaphuli-mthetho ukuba bafikelele kwaye basebenzise ulwazi olunobuthathaka ukwenza ubuqhophololo ngokwezemali kwaye bazenze abantu ngabanye.

3. Ukugcinwa kwemfihlo: Ngokucima ngokukhuselekileyo idatha yobuqu, uthintela ukuba nokwenzeka kokuba amaqela esithathu angagunyaziswanga afikelele kulwazi lwabucala. Oku kunceda ukukhusela imfihlo yedatha ebuthathaka efana neerekhodi zonyango, iinkcukacha zebhanki kunye neenkcukacha zekhadi letyala, ngaloo ndlela kukhuselwa ubumfihlo babo babandakanyekayo.

9. Ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo xa utshintsha iselula

Xa ilixesha lokutshintsha ifowuni yakho, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela onokuziqwalasela:

1. Thenga iselfowuni ehlaziyiweyo: Ezi zixhobo ziifowuni ezisetyenzisiweyo eziye zahlaziywa ngokobuchule ukuze zisebenze njengezintsha. Ngokukhetha iselfowuni ehlaziyiweyo, unceda ekunciphiseni ubungakanani benkunkuma ye-elektroniki kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo obuluncedo. yesixhobo ekhoyo.

2. Khetha ukhetho uluhlu oluphakathi: Endaweni yokuthenga imodeli yeselula ephezulu yamva nje, qwalasela iindlela ezizezinye zoluhlu oluphakathi. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zifikeleleka kwaye zisebenzisa izixhobo ezimbalwa ukuvelisa. Ukongeza, iimodeli ezininzi ezikumgangatho ophakathi zibonelela ngeempawu ezifanayo kunye nokusebenza kwiimodeli eziphezulu.

3. Sebenzisa utshintshiselwano okanye iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha: Ezinye iibrendi zibonelela ngokutshintshiselana ngeselfowuni okanye iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uthengise kwisixhobo sakho esidala kwaye ufumane isaphulelo xa uthenga esitsha. Qinisekisa ukuba uphanda ezi ntlobo zeenkqubo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba izixhobo ezikhunjulweyo zilawulwa ngendlela enoxanduva neyokusingqongileyo.

10. Indima yabavelisi ekunciphiseni inkunkuma yombane

Abavelisi badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni inkunkuma ye-e. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule kunye neendlela, iinkampani ezikweli candelo zinokufaka isandla kakhulu ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeemveliso zombane. Ngezantsi zezinye zeendlela abavelisi abanokuthi bathathe inxaxheba ngazo kule nkqubo:

Khuthaza uyilo oluzinzileyo: Abavelisi banokukhuthaza ukubandakanywa kweendlela zokuzinza ukusuka kumanqanaba okuqala oyilo lweemveliso zombane. Oku kubandakanya ukukhangela izisombululo ezinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinetyhefu okanye ezingenakuphinda zisetyenziswe, kunye nokwamkelwa koyilo lweemodyuli eziququzelela ukulungiswa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto.

Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha: Abavelisi banokuseka iinkqubo zokuqokelelwa kunye nokuhlaziya iimveliso zabo ekupheleni kobomi babo obuluncedo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukudalwa kweendawo ezithile zokuqokelela kwiivenkile ezigunyazisiweyo okanye kumaziko eenkonzo, apho abasebenzisi banokufaka khona izixhobo zabo zombane kwaye babe nesiqinisekiso sokuba ziya kuphinda zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukufundiswa kwabathengi kunye nokwazisa: Abavelisi banesakhono sokukhuthaza ukuqonda ngakumbi ngokubaluleka kokunciphisa inkunkuma ye-e. Banokubonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokwandisa ubomi beemveliso, indlela yokulahla ngokufanelekileyo ekupheleni kobomi babo obuluncedo, kunye nendlela yokufikelela kwiinkqubo zokurisayikilishwa okanye ukulungisa. Ukufundiswa kwabathengi kubalulekile ukuqhuba utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nokukhuthaza uxanduva ekusetyenzisweni nasekulahlweni kweemveliso ze-elektroniki.

11. Amanyathelo ehlabathi nasekhaya okwenziwa ngokutsha kweeselfowuni

Ukurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni ngumba obaluleke kakhulu namhlanje, kuba ezi zixhobo zombane zineenxalenye ezingcolisa kakhulu ezinokuba yingozi kwimo engqongileyo ukuba aziphinda zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngesi sizathu, amanyathelo aliqela ehlabathi nawengingqi aqalisiwe ukukhuthaza ukurisayikilishwa kweselfowuni. Ngezantsi, siza kukhankanya ezinye zazo:

Amanyathelo ehlabathi:

• Inkqubo yoHlaziyo lweSixhobo: Eli nyathelo lehlabathi lifuna ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwabavelisi, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo kunye nabasasazi ukukhuthaza ukurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni. Ngolu manyano, iindlela zokusebenza ezilungileyo ziyasasazwa kwaye imigangatho iyamiselwa ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olululo lwenkunkuma yombane.
• Intsebenziswano yeGlobal E-waste Statistics: Le nkqubo ijolise ekuqokeleleni idatha kunye neenkcukacha-manani malunga nokuveliswa nokulawulwa kwenkunkuma ye-elektroniki kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanywa neeselfowuni. Ulwazi oluqokelelweyo lubalulekile ukuqonda ubukhulu bengxaki kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuyilawula.
• Iphulo lokwazisa le-UN: IZizwe eziManyeneyo ziphuhlise iphulo lehlabathi jikelele lokwazisa uluntu malunga nokubaluleka kokurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni. Ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano, sifuna ukufundisa abantu malunga nefuthe elibi lokulahlwa kwezi zixhobo ngokungenankathalo.

Amanyathelo asekuhlaleni:

• Iinkqubo zokuQokelelwa koGcino: Iivenkile ezininzi ze-elektroniki kunye nabaqhubi benkonzo yeselula baye baphumeza iinkqubo zokuqokelela kwiiselfowuni ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiindawo zabo. Oku kwenza kube lula kubathengi ukuba banikezele ngezixhobo zabo ezidala ukuze zisetyenziswe kwakhona kamva kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
• Amaziko okuqokelelwa kwe-elektroniki: Kwizixeko ezininzi kunye noomasipala, amaziko akhethekileyo ekusetyenzisweni ngokutsha kwezinto zombane, kubandakanywa neeselfowuni, afakelwe. La maziko afumana izixhobo kwaye anoxanduva lokuhlela amacandelo kunyango lwawo oluchanekileyo kunye nokurisayikilisha.
• Iiprojekthi zemfundo ezikolweni: Ukudala ulwazi kwasebuncinaneni, ezinye izikolo ziphumeze iiprojekthi zemfundo ngohlaziyo lweeselfowuni. Ngemisebenzi eyenziwa ngezandla kunye neentetho ezifundisayo, abafundi bafunda malunga noncedo lokurisayikilisha ezi zixhobo kunye nendlela yokwenza oko ngentembeko.

12. Iimpembelelo zokuziphatha zokulahla iiselfowuni kwinkunkuma

Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, ukulahlwa ngokungafanelekanga kweeselfowuni kwinkunkuma kuphakamisa uthotho lweempembelelo zokuziphatha ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe nzulu. Ukulahlwa ngokungenankathalo kwezi zixhobo zombane akuvelisi iingxaki zokusingqongileyo kuphela, kodwa kwaphula imigaqo yokuziphatha esisiseko enxulumene nokukhuselwa kobutyebi bendalo. kunye nentlalo-ntle umntu. Apha ngezantsi zezinye zezona mpembelelo zibalulekileyo zokuziphatha kolu kuziphatha:

1. Ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo: Ngokulahla iiselfowuni kwinkunkuma eqhelekileyo, iikhompawundi zeekhemikhali kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ezikhoyo kwezi zixhobo zinokungena emhlabeni nasemanzini, zingcolise indalo esingqongileyo kwaye zonakalise iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Olu ngcoliseko lunokuba neziphumo eziyingozi zexesha elide, ezichaphazela i-ecosystem kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezixhomekeke kuyo.
2. Impembelelo kwimpilo yabantu: Ukulahlwa ngokungenankathalo kweeselfowuni nako kunokuba neziphumo ezithe ngqo kwimpilo yabantu. Izinto ezinetyhefu ezikhoyo kwizixhobo zombane, ezinje ngelothe, imekyuri okanye i-cadmium, zinokuvuza kwindawo engqongileyo kwaye ziphefumlwe okanye zifakwe ngabantu. Le michiza iyingozi inokubangela izigulo ezimandundu, ezinjengokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, ukonakala kwezintso, okanye umhlaza.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo: Iiselfowuni ziqulethe isixa esikhulu sezinto ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide, isilivere, ubhedu kunye nezinye iiminerali ezixabisekileyo. Ngokuzilahla ngendlela engafanelekanga, udlala ngezixhobo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye ziphinde zisetyenziswe ngokuzinzileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla kunye nemithombo yendalo enqongopheleyo iyachithwa, ikhuthaza ukuziphatha okungafanelekanga ngokunxulumene nolawulo lwemithombo ekhoyo kwiplanethi yethu.

Umxholo okhethekileyo- Cofa Apha  Yintoni isichazi-magama seelwimi ezimbini?

13. Umda kunye nonyino lweziseko ezingundoqo zokurisayikilishwa kweeselfowuni

Umda wesiseko sohlaziyo lweselfowuni uquka ukuqokelelwa, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamacandelo kunye nezixhobo ezivela kwizixhobo eziphathwayo, ngenjongo yokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwezi zixhobo. Ngesi siseko, sifuna ukunika ubomi besibini kwiiselfowuni ezingasasetyenziswayo, ngaloo ndlela zithintelwa ukuba zingaphelelanga kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kwaye zibe negalelo ekulondolozweni kobutyebi bendalo.

Unyino lwesi siseko lunxulumene ikakhulu nokungabikho kolwazi kunye nentatho-nxaxheba yabasebenzisi kwinkqubo yokurisayikilishwa. Abasebenzisi abaninzi abakaqhelani nokubaluleka kokuphinda kusetyenziswe iselfowuni kwaye abathathi ixesha lokulahla ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo zabo zakudala. Oku kunciphisa ukufikelela kwiziseko ezingundoqo, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuqokelela inani elaneleyo leeselfowuni ukuze zisetyenziswe kwakhona.

Ukongeza, iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemodeli zeselfowuni kunye neebrendi kwimarike nazo zibonisa umda. Isixhobo ngasinye sinokuba namacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nemathiriyeli, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo yokurisayikilishwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kube nzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwale mida, kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa ukuba isiseko sohlaziyo lweeselfowuni siqhubele phambili kakhulu kule minyaka yamva nje, siphumeza ukuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji evumela ukwandiswa kokufunyanwa kwezinto ezixabisekileyo kunye nemathiriyeli.

14. Cinga ixesha elide: ukukhuthaza inkcubeko yokuzinza ekusebenziseni izixhobo eziphathwayo

Kweli xesha lihambayo lanamhlanje, kubalulekile ukucinga ixesha elide kwaye ukhuthaze inkcubeko yokuzinza ekusebenziseni izixhobo eziphathwayo. Uzinzo lubhekiselele ekusebenziseni izixhobo ngobulumko nangengqiqo, ukwandisa ubomi bazo obuluncedo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Apha sibonisa imilinganiselo onokuthi uyithathe ukuze ufumane uzinzo olukhulu ekusebenziseni izixhobo zakho:

1. Thenga izixhobo ezisemgangathweni: Ukukhetha iibrendi ezaziwayo kunye nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni kuqinisekisa ukomelela okukhulu kunye nokuxhathisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka utshintshe izixhobo zakho kancinci kancinci, oko ke kucutha ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi kunye nokuveliswa kwenkunkuma yombane.

2. Yandisa ubomi: Endaweni yokulahla isixhobo ekuqaleni kwengxaki, cinga ngokuyilungisa. Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zinokusonjululwa ngokulungiswa okulula, njengokutshintsha ibhetri okanye isikrini esaphukileyo. Khangela iinkonzo zokulungisa ezithembekileyo okanye, ukuba uziva uluncedo, zama ukulungisa isixhobo ngokwakho.

3. Urisayikilishwa kwakhona ngemfanelo: Xa ilixesha lokulahla isixhobo, qiniseka ukuba uphinda usetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo. Izinto ezininzi ze-elektroniki zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe xa kusenziwa izixhobo ezitsha. Jonga iindawo zokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma kwi-intanethi kwindawo yakho okanye uthumele izixhobo zakho kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokurisayikilisha.

Imibuzo neempendulo

Umbuzo: Kuthetha ukuthini "Lahla iselula"?
IMPENDULO: “Inkunkuma yeSelula” ligama elisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwinkqubo yokulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kweeselfowuni, nokuba kungenxa yokuphelelwa lixesha, umonakalo ongalungisekiyo, okanye ngenxa yokuba azisafuneki.

Umbuzo: Kutheni kubalulekile ukulahla iiselfowuni ngendlela efanelekileyo?
A: Kubalulekile ukulahla iiselfowuni ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa ifuthe elibi kokusingqongileyo. Iiselfowuni zineenxalenye ze-elektroniki eziyityhefu ezifana nelothe, imekyuri kunye necadmium, ezinokungena kumhlaba nakwimithombo yamanzi ukuba zilahlwe ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Q: Yintoni ifomu echanekileyo yokulahla iselfowuni?
IMPENDULO: Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokulahla iselfowuni kukurisayikilishela kwiziko elikhethekileyo lokurisayikilisha. La maziko anoxanduva lokuqhaqha isixhobo ngokufanelekileyo, ukubuyisela izinto ezixabisekileyo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziyityhefu zilahlwa ngokukhuselekileyo.

UMBUZO: Zeziphi ezinye iindlela onokukhetha kuzo ukuze usetyenziswe kwakhona kwiselfowuni?
A: Kukho iindlela ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo ngokutsha ngokufanelekileyo iselfowuni. Ungaya kwiivenkile okanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo eziphathwayo ababonelela ngengqokelela kunye neenkqubo zokuhlaziya iifowuni ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ungajonga kwakhona amaziko asekhaya okurisayikilisha, apho aya kwamkela iifowuni ukuze zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo.

Umbuzo: Ngaba ndinganikela ngeselfowuni yam endaweni yokuba ndiyilahle?
A: Ewe, ukunikela ngeselfowuni ikwimeko entle lukhetho olukhulu endaweni yokuyilahla. Imibutho yesisa emininzi iyayamkela iminikelo yeeselfowuni ukuze iphinde isetyenziswe okanye isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo enceda abantu abangenayo imali yokuthenga ifowuni entsha.

Umbuzo: Ngawaphi amanyathelo okhuseleko ekufuneka ndiwathathe ngaphambi kokuba ndilahle iselfowuni yam?
A: Phambi kokuba ulahle iselfowuni, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze a isipele yedatha ebalulekileyo kwaye ucime zonke izicwangciso zomntu. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uyayicima ngokukhuselekileyo yonke inkcazelo enobuzaza, enjengee-password, ii-akhawunti ze-imeyile, okanye iinkcukacha zebhanki, ukukhusela ubumfihlo bakho.

Q: Yintoni ezinye izixhobo Ngaba i-elektroniki kufuneka ilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo?
A: Ukongeza kwiiselfowuni, ezinye izixhobo zombane ezifana neekhompyutha, iilaptops, iitablet, iiprinta, iibhetri, phakathi kwezinye, kufuneka zilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi zinokuqulatha izinto ezinobungozi okanye imathiriyeli enexabiso enokubuyiselwa ngokwenziwa ngokutsha kwe-elektroniki. Kubalulekile ukuphanda iinketho zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwingingqi kuhlobo ngalunye lwesixhobo.

Izimvo zokugqibela

Ngamafutshane, ukulahla ifowuni ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko. Ukurisayikilishwa kwesixhobo esiphathwayo kube yinkqubo yobugcisa kunye nekhethekileyo, efuna ukulahlwa okuchanekileyo kwamalungu anetyhefu kakhulu kunye nolawulo olululo lwemathiriyeli yexabiso. Ngelixa kucebiseka ukukhangela ezinye iindlela ezinjengomnikelo okanye ukurisayikilisha, izikhokelo zasekhaya kunye nemimiselo kufuneka ihlale ilandelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwenkunkuma ye-elektroniki. Masikhumbule ukuba isenzo ngasinye sibalulekile kwaye ukuzinikela kwethu kokusingqongileyo kubalulekile ukugcina ikamva elizinzileyo.