UGoogle uphawule ngaphambili nasemva kwibala le-quantum computing ngokubonisa Umngcunube, i-chip yayo entsha ye-quantum ethembisa ukuguqula le teknoloji. Ngeesentimitha nje ezimbalwa ngobukhulu, le prosesa iyakwazi ukwenza izibalo ngemizuzu nje emihlanu enokuthatha ezona khompyutha ziphambili ixesha elingaphezulu kobudala obuqikelelweyo bendalo iphela. Konke oku, enkosi indibaniselwano amandla ekhompyuter angazange abonwe ngaphambili kunye nenkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwi ukulungiswa kwemposiso yequantum.
Olu phuhliso alubonisi nje ukuzibophelela kukaGoogle kwi-quantum computing, kodwa ikwaqaqambisa indlela obu buchwepheshe busondela ngayo izicelo ezisebenzayo enokusombulula iingxaki ezinzima kwiinkalo ezifana neyeza, ikhemistri kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.
Ukutsiba kwequantum ekulungiseni iimpazamo
Omnye wemiqobo engundoqo kwi-quantum computing ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ibe kukuchaphazeleka okuphezulu kwee-qubits (iiyunithi ezisisiseko zedatha kwiinkqubo zobungakanani) kwiimpazamo ngenxa yeemeko ezinjengengxolo, utshintsho lobushushu okanye ukusasazeka kwemitha. Ezi ntsilelo, ezongezelelekileyo, zintsonkothile iinkqubo scalabilityNangona kunjalo, UWillow ukwazile ukoyisa lo mda usebenzisa itekhnoloji yokulungiswa kwempazamo enciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli ngokunyusa inani lee-qubits ezisetyenziswayo.
Le nkqubela phambili, eyaziwa kwintsimi ngokuthi "ukuhlala ngaphantsi komda," ivumela iinkqubo ze-quantum ukuba ziqhube kakuhle kwaye zichaneke, zicombulule iingxaki ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ziipropati ze-quantum ezahlula kwiikhomputha zakudala. NgokukaHartmut Neven, intloko kaGoogle Quantum AI, "kokokuqala ukuba inkqubo ibe sisixa esikhulu njengoko ikhula ngobungakanani, kunokuba ibe yeyakudala."
Ukuphumelela kuyamangalisa ngakumbi xa ucinga ukuba ukulungiswa kwempazamo yexesha langempela kwenziwa kunye ne-3x3, 5x5 kunye ne-7x7 qubit arrays, ukulawula ukwandisa ubomi obuncedo bee-qubits ezinengqiqo ngaphaya kwemida yangoku.
Ubunganga be-Quantum ngaphaya kwemida eyaziwayo
Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kweWillow, uGoogle wasebenzisa uvavanyo lweSekethe olungeQongayo (RCS), oluthathelwe ingqalelo owona mgangatho ucela umngeni kwi-quantum computing. Olu vavanyo lujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ikhompyuter ye-quantum inokwenza into engenakwenzeka kwikhompyuter yakudala. Kwaye uWillow waluphumelela uvavanyo ngemibala ephaphazelayo: yenza izibalo ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu enokuthatha i-supercomputer efana ne-Frontier 10 septillion iminyaka.
"Ezi ziphumo ziyonwabile kuba zibonisa ukuba sijonge ukusebenza kwaye siluncedo kwikhompyuter enkulu," utshilo uMichael Newman, umphandi kuGoogle. Lo msebenzi ubeka iWillow phambi kwabandulelayo, njengeSycamore, i-chip ye-quantum kaGoogle eyaziswa ngo-2019.
Utshintsho lwezicelo elundini
Amandla kaWillow angaphaya kovavanyo lwaselabhoratri. NgokukaGoogle, le chip linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekudaleni iikhompyutha ze-quantum enokujongana neengxaki ezinzima zehlabathi lokwenyani. Phakathi kwezona zicelo zithembisayo zezi:
- Uphuhliso lwamachiza olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo.
- Ukuphuculwa kweebhetri ezinomthamo ophezulu weemoto zombane.
- Ukuphonononga okunokwenzeka okutsha kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokufunda koomatshini.
Ukongeza, iingcali ziqaphela ukuba ukukwazi kukaWillow ukulungisa ibug ngexesha lokwenyani kunokukhawulezisa ukuqhubela phambili kwiindawo ezinjenge. amandla okudibanisa inyukliya, indawo ethathwa njengengundoqo ekusombululeni imingeni yamandla yexesha elizayo.
Ikamva le-quantum computing
Ngaphandle kweziphumo zabo ezithandekayo, abaphandi bayavuma ukuba kusekho indlela ende ngaphambi kokuba iikhomputha ze-quantum ziyinyani yemihla ngemihla. Ngokutsho kukaCarlos Sabín, ingcali yefiziksi kwiAutonomous University yaseMadrid, nangona uWillow enikela umbono othembisayo, “sisekude ekubeni sibe nemilinganiselo eyaneleyo yokwenza izibalo eziluncedo.”
Nangona kunjalo, uGoogle uqinisekile ukuba le nkqubela phambili iya kuvula iingcango ezintsha, hayi kwicandelo lophando kuphela, kodwa nasekusetyenzisweni kobu buchwepheshe buguqukayo. UHarmut Neven ugxininisa ukuba, kunye noWillow, "silinyathelo elinye elisondeleyo ekwenzeni iikhompyuter ezinkulu ezisebenzayo zibe yinyani."
NgeWillow, i-quantum computing idityaniswe njengesixhobo kunye ne amandla okuguqula ihlabathi lethu. Ukusuka ekunciphiseni iimpazamo ukuya ekuboniseni ukongama kwe-quantum, le chip iphawula inguqu kwindlela eya kwinguqu enkulu elandelayo yetekhnoloji.
Ndingumntu othanda itekhnoloji ojike umdla wakhe we "geek" waba ngumsebenzi. Ndichithe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yobomi bam ndisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kwaye ndikhenkceza ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okumsulwa. Ngoku ndiqeqeshelwe ubugcisa bekhompyutha nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ndibhalela iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kwitekhnoloji kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, ndisenza amanqaku afuna ukukunika ulwazi oludingayo ngolwimi oluqondakalayo kuye wonke umntu.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, ulwazi lwam lusuka kuyo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kunye ne-Android yeefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwaye ukuzinikela kwam kukuwe, ndihlala ndikulungele ukuchitha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ndikuncede usombulule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo kweli lizwe le-intanethi.