Iitshekhi ezinyanzelekileyo ukwazi ukuba umzila wakho uqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo

Ukhuseleko lwe-router ngumgca wokuqala wokukhusela kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya ngokuchasene nokungena kunye nohlaselo lwangaphandle. Namhlanje siza kuxoxa ngeetshekhi ezibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba umzila wakho uqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo: ukuhlaziya i-firmware, usebenzisa igama eliyimfihlo elinamandla, nokulawula izixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo, phakathi kwezinye. La manyathelo abalulekile ukugcina ikhaya lakho ledijithali likhuselekile kwaye lingenamngcipheko.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo?

Ukufumanisa ukuba i-router yakho ilungiselelwe ngokukhuselekileyo, kufuneka wenze iitshekhi zokuqinisekisa. Ngale ndlela, uya kuyazi i-router yakho likhaka elithembekileyo elingakhuseli kuphela ulwazi lwakho kodwa kunye nezixhobo zakho kunye nodumo lwedijithali. Ukuba awulwenzi olu vavanyo, uthungelwano lwakho lunokuba lucango oluvulekileyo lokungena kunye neengozi ezingeyomfuneko..

Ezi eziphambili Izizathu zokwazi ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo:

• Khusela idatha yakho yobuquI-router yeyona ndawo iphambili yokungena kwinethiwekhi yakho. Ukuba ayilungiswanga kakuhle, umhlaseli unokubamba amagama ayimfihlo akho, ii-imeyile, okanye afikelele kwiifayile ekwabelwana ngazo.
• Uthintela ukungena kwinethiwekhiUmzila ongakhuselekanga uvumela amaqela esithathu ukuba aqhagamshele kwi-Wi-Fi yakho ngaphandle kwemvume, atye idatha yakho kwaye aveze izixhobo zakho. Iikhamera, iiPC, kunye neeselfowuni zonke zinokuhlaselwa.
• Ukukhusela kuhlaselo lwangaphandleIzigebenga ze-Cyber ​​​​zihlala zixhaphaza ulungelelwaniso olubuthathaka ukuze ziqalise uhlaselo.
• Ukuthintelwa kwamatyala asemthethweniUkuba umntu usebenzisa inethiwekhi yakho kwimisebenzi engekho mthethweni, unxibelelwano lubhaliswe egameni lakho.

Uxela njani ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo

Nangona kukho Imikhwa onokuthi uyenze ukuze uphephe ukugqekezwaKukho ezinye iitshekhi ezinyanzelekileyo zokufumanisa ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Umzekelo, khangela igama lokugqitha, ufihlo lwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, uhlaziyo lwe-firmware, uqwalaselo lomlilo kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo. Makhe sijonge nganye nganye ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi.

Fikelela kwisethingi zerotha

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile ukufumanisa ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo Vula isikhangeli sewebhu kwaye uchwetheze kwidilesi ye-IP yerouter yakho (Idla ngokuba yinto efana ne-192.168.1.1). Ukufumana idilesi yakho ye-IP kwisixhobo sakho esiphathwayo, yiya kwiiSetingi-Wi-Fi-cofa kwaye ubambe inethiwekhi yakho kwaye ukhethe Lawula inethiwekhi okanye Iinkcukacha.

Nje ukuba ungene ngaphakathi, Guqula igama eligqithisiweyo elingagqibekanga eliza ne-routerAkukhuthazwa ukuba ushiye igama eliyimfihlo elimiselweyo. Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa igama lomsebenzisi elahlukileyo kunye negama lokugqitha. Ziphephe imidibaniso elula, eqikelelwayo ngokulula njengo "admin" okanye "igama lomsebenzisi". Okokugqibela, khubaza ufikelelo olukude kwiqela lolawulo ukuba akukho mfuneko kwaphela.

Ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi ye-WiFi

Unokomeleza ukhuseleko lwakho lwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ngokusebenzisa useto lwe-router yakho. Ngale ndlela, Sebenzisa i-WPA2 okanye i-WPA3 yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyoKuphephe ukusebenzisa i-WEP okanye i-WPA, njengoko iphelelwe lixesha. Ngaphaya koko, kubalulekile ukwabela igama eligqithisiweyo elomeleleyo kwinethiwekhi yakho: xuba iileta, amanani, kunye neesimboli, okungenani ezinoonobumba abali-12.

Ukuba ufuna ukongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wengqiqo, unako Fihla iWi-Fi yakho kuluhlu lothungelwano olukhoyo. Ukwenza oku, yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Khangela useto olungenazingcingo (olungenazingcingo, Useto lweWi-Fi okanye ubumbeko olungenazingcingo).
2. Khubaza usasazo lwe-SSID (“Vumela usasazo lwe-SSID” okanye “uSasazo lwe-SSID”).
3. Ekugqibeleni, gcina utshintsho kwaye uqalise kwakhona i-router.
4. Nje ukuba yenziwe, ukudibanisa kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake ngesandla igama lenethiwekhi kunye negama lokugqitha kwizixhobo zakho.

Hlaziya i-firmware

Ukuhlaziya i-firmware ye-router yakho yenye yezona zitshekisho zibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba umzila wakho uqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo. I-Firmware yi-router yakho yangaphakathi "inkqubo yokusebenza," kwaye abavelisi bakhupha uhlaziyo ukulungisa iziphene, ukuvala ubuthathaka, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza (okufana nefowuni yakho). Ukuhlaziya i-firmware, yenza oku kulandelayo::

1. Fumana icandelo lohlaziyo kwiisetingi ze-router: Uhlaziyo lweFirmware, iZixhobo zeNkqubo, uLondolozo, okanye uLawulo.
2. Jonga inguqulelo yangoku kwaye uyithelekise neyo yamva nje ekhoyo kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi.
3. Khuphela i-firmware yamva nje kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi.
4. Faka uhlaziyo. Kwiphaneli yokulawula yerouter, khetha Hlaziya okanye Layisha iFirmware.
5. Qala kwakhona kwaye ukhangele ukuba uhlaziyo luphumelele.

Ngaphambi kokwenza uhlaziyo lwe-firmware, unokusekela useto lwakho. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubuyele kuguqulelo lwangaphambili ukuba kuyimfuneko. Kwakhona, Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungaphazamisi uhlaziyoUkuba oko kuyenzeka, i-router inokuba ingasebenziseki.

Kwelinye icala, khumbula ukuba Kuhlala kungcono ukukhuphela i-firmware kumenzi, hayi kwezinye iisayithi. (TP-Link(ASUS, Huawei, Movistar, njl.) Ukuba i-router iphethwe ngumnikezeli wakho we-intanethi, banokuba noxanduva lokulawula ukuhlaziywa. Wena, njengomsebenzisi, unokungabi nayo imvume yokuyihlaziya ngesandla.

I-Firewall kunye nohluzo lwe-MAC

Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba i-firewall yerouter yakho yenziwe yasebenza. Okwesibini, Qwalasela isihluzo sedilesi ye-MAC ukunciphisa ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezinokuqhagamshelaOku kuluncedo kakhulu, njengoko unokubandakanya kuphela izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwikhaya lakho, ukuze kungabikho mntu wumbi unokuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.

Qwalasela izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe ngamaxesha athile

Enye into omawuyenze ukujonga ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo kukuphonononga izixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo. Unokujonga rhoqo olu luhlu kwiisetingi ze-router. Ukuba ubona naziphi na izixhobo ezingaqhelekanga, tshintsha igama eligqithisiweyo ngoko nangoko. Ukuba oku kwenzeka rhoqo, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza misela inethiwekhi yeendwendwe zeendwendwe, yahlula kwinethiwekhi yakho engundoqo.

Ukuhlolwa okunyanzelekileyo ukufumanisa ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo: isiphelo

Ukujonga ukuba i-router yakho iqwalaselwe ngokukhuselekileyo kubalulekile ekukhuseleni inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kunye nezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo. Ukutshintsha i-passwords engagqibekanga, usebenzisa i-WPA2 okanye i-WPA3 encryption, ukugcina i-firmware ihlaziywa, kwaye ivumela i-firewall ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo. amanyathelo asisiseko anciphisa umngcipheko wokungena kunye nokubiwa kwedatha.

Ezi zenzo zincinci kodwa ezibalulekileyo Banokwenza umahluko phakathi kwenethiwekhi ekhuselekileyo kunye nengakhuselekangaNgokwenza oku, unokuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo oluzinzileyo, oluyimfihlo kwaye wenze i-router yakho ibe sikhuselo ngokuchasene nezoyikiso zangaphandle ezinokukuhlasela.