Umahluko phakathi kweeproton neutrons kunye neeelectron

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: 21/05/2023

Yintoni iiprotons, inyutroni kunye neeelectron?

Emhlabeni Ukusuka kwikhemistri kunye nefiziksi, kukho amasuntswana amathathu asisiseko kwisakhiwo ngalo mba: iiprotoni, iinyutroni kunye neeelectron. Ngamnye kubo uneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi, kodwa kunye basebenza ukwenza yonke into esingqongileyo.

Iiproton

Iiprotons ngamasuntswana e-subatomic ahlawulweyo afunyenwe kwinuclei yee-athomu. Ubunzima bazo bulingana nobunzima be-neutron, kwaye xa zidibene zenza uninzi lobunzima be-athomu.

Umsebenzi

Umsebenzi ophambili weeproton kukunika iathom ubuni bayo obubodwa. Into nganye kwitheyibhile yeperiodic inenani elithile leeprotoni kwinucleus yayo, oko kuthetha ukuba Isiqalelo ngasinye sinentlawulo eyodwa elungileyo kunye nesakhiwo esisodwa seathom.

Ii-neutron

I-Neutron nayo ifumaneka kwi-nuclei yee-athom, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neeproton, azinayo intlawulo yombane. Ubunzima bayo bulingana nobunzima beeprotons.

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Umsebenzi

I-Neutron inceda ukugcina i-nucleus ye-athom izinzileyo, ngelixa idibanisa ubunzima be-athomu. Iineutron ziyaziwa zibalulekile kwi-nuclear fission kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla enyukliya.

Ii-elektroni

Ii-electron ngamasuntswana ahlawuliswa kakubi ajikeleza i-nucleus ye-athomu kumaqokobhe ahlukeneyo. Zikhanya kakhulu kwaye azinagalelo kakhulu kubunzima be-athomu. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i-athomu inenani elifanayo leelektroni njengeproton, oku kuthetha ukuba intlawulo yayo yenetha ingu-zero.

Umsebenzi

Umsebenzi ophambili wee-electron kukwenziwa kweekhemikhali zokudibanisa phakathi kwe-athomu, zibenza zibaluleke kakhulu kwi-chemistry kunye ne-biochemistry. Ii-elektroni ezikwiqokobhe langaphandle le-athomu zaziwa njengee-electron ze-valence kwaye zibalulekile kwiikhemikhali.

Isiphelo

Isishwankathelo, iiprotons, i-neutron kunye nee-electron ngamasuntswana asisiseko abumba ubume bemiba. Ngamnye wabo unemisebenzi ethile kwaye kunye banoxanduva lokuqulunqwa kwayo yonke into ejikelezileyo.

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Uluhlu lwamagama angundoqo:

  • Iiprotoni
  • Ii-neutron
  • Ii-elektroni
  • Umongo
  • Intlawulo eqinisekileyo
  • Intlawulo engalunganga
  • Itheyibhile yePeriodic
  • Umaleko ongaphandle