Indlela Yokugcina Amagama Ayimfihlo

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: 07/07/2023
Umbhali: USebastian Vidal

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje ledijithali, apho idatha yobuqu kunye nolwazi olubuthathaka ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi lube yimfuneko emandla. Esinye seziseko ezisisiseko zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha yethu kukusetyenziswa kwamagama ayimfihlo awomeleleyo, awodwa kwaye akhuselekile. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngocoselelo ukubaluleka kokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwamagama ayimfihlo kunye nezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zobugcisa eziya kusivumela ukuba sigcine idatha yethu ikhuselwe kwiingozi ezinokubakho kwi-cyberpace. Funda ukuze ufumane indlela yokulawula ngokufanelekileyo amagama ayimfihlo kwaye ukhusele ubukho bakho kwi-intanethi.

1. Intshayelelo yokubaluleka kokugcina amagama ayimfihlo ngokukhuselekileyo

Ukubaluleka kokugcina amagama ayimfihlo ethu ngokukhuselekileyo ixhomekeke ekukhuseleni iinkcukacha zethu zobuqu kunye nokuphepha ukophulwa kokhuseleko okunokwenzeka. Amaxesha amaninzi, sikholisa ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo abuthathaka okanye ukuphinda igama eliyimfihlo kumaqonga ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibeka ukhuseleko lwethu kwi-intanethi emngciphekweni. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukulandela iindlela ezithile kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithile zokugcina amagama ayimfihlo kwindawo ekungafikelelekiyo kubageli abanokubakho okanye abakwa-cybercriminals.

Isiqhelo esilungileyo sokugcina iipassword zethu zikhuselekile kukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo anamandla adibanisa oonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani kunye noonobumba abakhethekileyo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukusebenzisa ulwazi lomntu siqu oluphawuleka ngokulula, njengemihla yokuzalwa okanye amagama okuqala. Esinye isindululo kukusebenzisa amabinzana okanye izifinyezo esinokuthi siziqonde kwaye sizikhumbule kuphela.

Ukongezelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umphathi wephasiwedi, njenge-LastPass okanye i-KeePass, evumela ukuba sigcine iiphasiwedi zethu ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo enye ekhuselwe ngegama eliyimfihlo. Ezi zixhobo zikwabonelela ngokhetho lokuvelisa amagama ayimfihlo angaqhelekanga kwaye uwakhumbule kuthi, okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olukhulu kulawulo lweziqinisekiso zethu. Khumbula ukuba, nangona ukusebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi kuthetha ukunika ukhuseleko lwamagama ayimfihlo kumntu wesithathu, ezi nkonzo zihlala zinemigangatho ephezulu yokhuseleko ukukhusela idatha yethu.

2. Iindlela zoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo ukugcina amagama ayimfihlo ngokukhuselekileyo

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo ezikuvumela ukuba ugcine amagama ayimfihlo ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokukhusela iinkcukacha eziyimfihlo zabasebenzisi. Ezintathu zezona ndlela zisetyenziswayo kwinkalo yokhuseleko lwekhompyuter zichazwe ngezantsi:

1. Hashing: Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuguqula igama eligqithisiweyo libe ngumtya ongaqhelekanga wabalinganiswa, owaziwa ngokuba yi-hash. Nje ukuba i-hash yenziwe, igcinwa kwisiseko sedatha endaweni yegama lokugqitha elicacileyo. Ukuqinisekisa ubunyani begama eliyimfihlo elifakwe ngumsebenzisi, i-hash iya kuveliswa kwakhona kwi-password kwaye ithelekiswe ne-hash egcinwe kwisiseko sedatha. Ukuba zombini ziyahambelana, kuthathwa njengoqinisekiso oluyimpumelelo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-hashing algorithms ekhuselekileyo njenge-SHA-256 okanye i-bcrypt, eyenza kube nzima ukubuyisela umva i-hash yokuqala.

2. Ukolula okungundoqo: Le ndlela isekelwe ekusebenziseni ngokuphindaphindiweyo umsebenzi we-hashing kwi-password. Ukuphindaphinda ngakunye kufuna ixesha elingakumbi lokuqhubekeka, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uhlaselo lwamandla akhohlakeleyo lube nzima ngakumbi. Ungasebenzisa i-algorithms efana ne-PBKDF2 okanye i-bcrypt enenani eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda ukomeleza ukhuseleko. Ukonyuka kwexesha lokucubungula akukho nto yabasebenzisi esemthethweni, kodwa ixabisa kakhulu kubahlaseli.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-encryption algorithms: Ngale ndlela, igama eligqithisiweyo lifihliwe kusetyenziswa isitshixo esiyimfihlo. Uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo luguqula igama lokugqitha libe kumbhalo ongafundekiyo onokukhutshelwa kuphela iqhosha eliyimfihlo elihambelanayo. I-AES (i-Advanced Encryption Standard) yenye yezona zinto zithembekileyo kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi i-encryption algorithms kwintsimi yokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo isitshixo esiyimfihlo ukukhusela abahlaseli ukuba basifumane.

3. Ukuyila isicwangciso esisebenzayo solawulo lwephasiwedi

Ukuyila isicwangciso esisebenzayo solawulo lwephasiwedi, kubalulekile ukulandela amanyathelo athile aphambili aza kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweeakhawunti zethu kunye nokukhuselwa kwedatha yethu ebuthathaka. Ngezantsi ngamanyathelo ukudala isicwangciso esiluqilima:

Inyathelo lesi-1: Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinileyo

  • Amagama okugqithisa kufuneka abe yedwa kwaye akufuneki kwabelwane ngawo phakathi kweeakhawunti ezahlukeneyo.
  • Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise indibaniselwano yoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani, kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo.
  • Kuphephe ukusebenzisa ulwazi lomntu siqu okanye amagama aqhelekileyo, njengoko kulula ukuwaqikelela okanye ukuwachaza.

Inyathelo 2: Guqula amagama ayimfihlo rhoqo

  • Kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe amagama ayimfihlo ngamaxesha athile, ubuncinane qho kwiinyanga ezi-3.
  • Oku kuya kunciphisa amathuba okuba umntu afikelele kwiiakhawunti zethu esebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo amadala okanye avuzayo.
  • Ukongeza, ukuba sikrokrela ukuba igama eliyimfihlo libekwe engozini, kufuneka litshintshwe ngoko nangoko.

Inyathelo 3: Sebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi

  • Umphathi wephasiwedi sisixhobo esiluncedo ukugcina nokulawula onke amagama ayimfihlo. indlela ekhuselekileyo.
  • Ikuvumela ukuba wenze amagama ayimfihlo angaqhelekanga kwaye uwagcine ngaphakathi isiseko sedatha ibhalwe ngekhowudi.
  • Ukongeza, ithintela isidingo sokukhumbula amagama agqithisiweyo amaninzi, kuba siya kufuna kuphela ukukhumbula igama eliyimfihlo elinye.

4. Ukusebenzisa abaphathi bephasiwedi ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwedijithali

Ukusetyenziswa kwabaphathi bephasiwedi sisicwangciso esisebenzayo sokuphucula i ukhuseleko lwedijithali. Ezi zixhobo zisivumela ukuba sigcine ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye siququzelele zonke iiphasiwedi zethu, sigweme ukusetyenziswa kweephasiwedi ezibuthathaka okanye eziphindaphindiweyo kwiiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo.

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Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha umphathi othembekileyo nokhuselekileyo wephasiwedi. Ezinye iinketho ezidumileyo ziquka iLastPass, iDashlane, kunye neKeePass. Aba baphathi banikezela ngeempawu ezinje ngokwenziwa kwegama lokugqitha elomeleleyo, ukugqibezela ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nokuvumelanisa kwizixhobo ezininzi.

Nje ukuba sifake umphathi wethu wegama eliyimfihlo esimkhethileyo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukungenisa amagama ayimfihlo akhoyo okanye uqalise ukwenza amagama ayimfihlo amatsha awomeleleyo. Ukwenza oku, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

  • Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ngokudibanisa oonobumba abakhulu nabancinane, amanani kunye noonobumba abakhethekileyo.
  • Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama aqhelekileyo okanye iinkcukacha zobuqu kwiiphasiwedi.
  • Seta uqinisekiso izinto ezimbini ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
  • Hlaziya rhoqo iipassword zethu kwaye uphephe ukuphinda usebenzise amagama amadala.

Ngokusebenzisa umphathi wegama eliyimfihlo, sinokulibala malunga nokunkqaya onke amagama ayimfihlo, kuba ezi zigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo efihliweyo. Ukongeza, aba baphathi basinika ithuba lokufikelela ngokukhawuleza nangokulula kwiiakhawunti zethu ze-intanethi, ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko. Ngamafutshane, ukusebenzisa abaphathi bamagama ayimfihlo ngumlinganiselo osisiseko wokukhusela ulwazi lwethu kwihlabathi ledijithali.

5. Ukwenza ii-passwords ezinamandla, ekulula ukuzikhumbula: ezona zenzo zibalaseleyo

Ukwenza amagama ayimfihlo anamandla, akhumbuleka lula kunokuba ngumngeni, kodwa ngokulandela ezona ndlela zilungileyo, unokukhusela iiakhawunti zakho kwaye ugcine amagama ayimfihlo ekhuselekile. Nanga amanye amacebiso okwenza amagama ayimfihlo anamandla:

1. Sebenzisa indibaniselwano eyodwa yabalinganiswa: Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqhelekileyo okanye ekulula ukuwathelekelela, anje ngo "123456" okanye "igama lokugqitha." Endaweni yoko, yenza amagama ayimfihlo adibanisa oonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani kunye noonobumba abakhethekileyo. Umzekelo, igama eliyimfihlo elinamandla linokuba “P@$$w0rd!”

2. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa ulwazi lomntu siqu: Sukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zakho, njengegama lakho okanye umhla wokuzalwa, kwiipassword zakho. Abahlaseli banokufumana lula olu lwazi kwaye balusebenzise ukuqikelela amagama akho ayimfihlo. Endaweni yoko, khetha amagama okanye amabinzana anentsingiselo kuwe, kodwa anganxulumananga ngqo nawe.

3. Sebenzisa umphathi wegama lokugqitha: Ukuba unengxaki yokukhumbula zonke iipassword zakho ezinamandla, cinga ukusebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi. Ezi zixhobo zifihla kwaye zigcine iipassword zakho, zikuvumela ukuba ufikelele ngokulula kuzo xa uzifuna. Ukongeza, abaphathi bephasiwedi banokukwenzela amagama ayimfihlo awomeleleyo.

6. Uwakhusela njani amagama ayimfihlo kuhlaselo lwe-cyber

Ukukhusela amagama ayimfihlo kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuhlaselwa cyber kwaye ukhusele idatha yakho yobuqu. Nanga amanye amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lwamagama ayimfihlo:

1. Sebenzisa amagama agqithisiweyo aqinileyo: Qinisekisa ukwenza amagama ayimfihlo antsonkothileyo ekunzima ukuwaqikelela. Dibanisa oonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani kunye neempawu zokwandisa amandla abo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqhelekileyo okanye aqikelelwayo, njengamagama okanye imihla yokuzalwa.

2. Qasha ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi: Thatha ithuba lokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi (MFA) ukongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko kwiiakhawunti zakho. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa enye into ngaphandle kwegama lokugqitha, njengekhowudi eyenziwe yi-app ye-athenticator okanye ukufumana umyalezo obhaliweyo onekhowudi yokuqinisekisa.

3. Sebenzisa umphathi wegama lokugqitha: Cinga ngokusebenzisa umphathi othembekileyo wegama eliyimfihlo ukugcina nokulawula iipassword zakho ngokukhuselekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zifihla amagama ayimfihlo kwaye zikuvumela ukuba ufikelele kuzo ngegama eliyimfihlo elinye. Ukongeza, banokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo amagama ayimfihlo anamandla kwiakhawunti nganye oyenzayo.

7. Ukuphonononga iindlela eziphambili zokugcina iiphasiwedi ngokukhuselekileyo

Ukhuseleko lokugcina igama lokugqithisa lubalulekile ekukhuseleni ulwazi oluyimfihlo lwabasebenzisi. Namhlanje, ubuchule obuphambili bubonelela ngezisombululo ezomeleleyo nezithembekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwegama eliyimfihlo. Apha ngezantsi, siza kuphonononga ezinye zezi ndlela kunye nendlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo.

Indlela yoku-1: Imisebenzi ye-Cryptographic Hash

  • Imisebenzi ye-Cryptographic hash zii-algorithms zemathematika eziyilelwe ukuguqula igama eliyimfihlo libe ngumtya wobude obusisigxina wabalinganiswa.
  • Le misebenzi kufuneka ibe ukumelana nongquzulwano, okuthetha ukuba amagama agqithisiweyo amabini awahlukeneyo awakwazi ukuvelisa uluhlu olufanayo lwamagama.
  • Umzekelo womsebenzi we-cryptographic hash osetyenziswa ngokubanzi yi-algorithm i-bcrypt.

Indlela yesi-2: Ukusebenzisa ityuwa kwiipassword

  • Indlela yokwenza ityuwa ibandakanya ukongeza uluhlu lwamagama (ityuwa) kwigama lokugqitha ngalinye phambi kokufaka umsebenzi we-cryptographic hash.
  • Ityuwa igcinwa kunye negama eliyimfihlo kwisiseko sedatha, ephucula ukhuseleko ngokwenza kube nzima ukuqhekeza amagama ayimfihlo ngokusebenzisa amandla akhohlakeleyo okanye ukuhlaselwa kwetafile ye-rainbow.
  • Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ityuwa eyahlukileyo kwiphasiwedi nganye kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ide ngokwaneleyo ukunyusa i-entropy ye-password.

I-Technique 3: Uphindaphindo oluninzi

  • Uphindaphindo oluninzi lubandakanya ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-cryptographic hash kwigama lokugqitha kwiseti yenani lamaxesha.
  • Oku kwandisa ixesha lokucubungula elifunekayo ukuqinisekisa igama eligqithisiweyo, ikwenza kube nzima ukwaphula amagama ayimfihlo ngohlaselo lwamandla akhohlakeleyo.
  • Isixhobo esidumileyo esisebenzisa obu buchule si I-Argon2, evumela ukuba inani lokuphindaphinda lihlengahlengiswe ngokweemfuno zokhuseleko eziyimfuneko.
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8. Ukuthelekiswa kwezixhobo zokugcina iiphasiwedi: ii-pros and cons

Kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwimarike ukugcina amagama ayimfihlo, nganye ineenzuzo kunye neengxaki zayo. Ngezantsi, siza kuhlalutya ezintathu zezona zikhetho zidumileyo kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili.

1. I-LastPass: Lo mphathi wephasiwedi unikeza inketho yamahhala kunye nenguqulo ye-premium eneempawu ezongezelelweyo. I-LastPass igcina iipassword zakho ngokukhuselekileyo efini kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ufikelele kuzo nakwesiphi na isixhobo esinegama eligqithisiweyo eliyintloko elinye. Amandla ayo asekukwazini kwayo ukwenza iipassword ezinamandla nezizodwa, ngoko akuyi kufuneka ukhathazeke ngokubakhumbula bonke kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abasebenzisi bavakalise inkxalabo malunga nokhuseleko lokugcina onke amagama abo ayimfihlo kwindawo enye.

2. I-Dashlane: Njenge-LastPass, i-Dashlane inika kwakhona inketho yamahhala kunye ne-premium version. Ukongeza ekugcineni amagama ayimfihlo, iDashlane inomsebenzi wokuzalisa ngokuzenzekelayo, okwenza kube lula ukugcwalisa iifom ze-intanethi. Inzuzo ephawulekayo kukukwazi ukutshintsha amagama ayimfihlo ngokuzenzekelayo kwiiwebhusayithi ezidumileyo, enokuba luncedo kakhulu ekugcineni iiakhawunti zakho zikhuselekile. Kwelinye icala, abanye abasebenzisi bajonga ujongano lwayo njengento entsonkothileyo kwaye ixabiso layo leprimiyamu liphezulu.

3. 1Password: Esi sixhobo sigxile kukhuseleko kwaye sibonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphucukileyo ukukhusela iipassword zakho. Ungagcina amagama ayimfihlo kwindawo yakho okanye uwangqamanise kwilifu ngobhaliso. Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili ze-1Password kukukwazi ukugcina kungekuphela amagama ayimfihlo, kodwa kunye nezinye iintlobo zolwazi olubuthathaka, olufana namanani ekhadi letyala okanye amanqaku abucala.. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abasebenzisi baye baxela ukuba ukuseta kokuqala kunokuba nzima.

Ngamafutshane, ukukhetha esona sixhobo silungileyo sokugcina amagama ayimfihlo kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Zonke ezi zikhetho zibonelela ngeempawu eziluncedo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukhuseleko, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neendleko phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sokugqibela.

9. Indima yokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi ekukhuselweni kwephasiwedi

Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi kuye kwaba ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokukhusela amagama ayimfihlo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi. Obu buchule busebenzisa amanqanaba amaninzi okuqinisekisa ukuqinisekisa uchazo lomsebenzisi, ngaphaya kokufaka igama eliyimfihlo. Xa kuphunyezwa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi, ubuncinane izinto ezimbini iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa, njengegama lokugqitha, ikhowudi eveliswe sisicelo sobuqinisekiso, okanye umnwe, ukufikelela kwiakhawunti.

Enye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezininzi kukuthumela ikhowudi yokuqinisekisa ngomyalezo obhaliweyo okanye kwi-app yeselula. Le khowudi yethutyana ibonelela umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko ngokufuna ukuba umsebenzisi abe nezinto zombini zolwazi (igama eliyimfihlo) kunye nesixhobo sobunini (ifowuni ephathwayo okanye isicelo sobunyani). Ukongeza, iiplatifti ezininzi zikwabonelela ngenketho yokusebenzisa izinto zebhayometriki, ezinje ngeminwe okanye ukuqondwa kobuso, ukuqinisekiswa okukhuseleke ngakumbi kunye nokufanelekileyo.

Ukuphumeza uqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi kubandakanya amanyathelo alula kodwa abalulekileyo. Okokuqala, kufuneka uvule eli nqaku kwiisetingi zokhuseleko lweakhawunti yakho. Nje ukuba isebenze, unokukhetha indlela oyikhethayo yokufumana iikhowudi zokuqinisekisa, nokuba kungomyalezo obhaliweyo okanye ngosetyenziso loqinisekiso. Isixhobo esiphathwayo okanye iapp yokuqinisekisa kufuneka emva koko inxulunyaniswe ne-akhawunti ukufumana kunye nokuqinisekisa iikhowudi. Okokugqibela, ngalo lonke ixesha i-akhawunti ingenile, into yesibini yokuqinisekisa iyakucelwa, njengokufaka ikhowudi efunyenweyo okanye ukuvula isixhobo ngebhayometriki.

10. Ukuphucula ukhuseleko ngolawulo lwarhoqo lwe-password

Ukulawula igama eliyimfihlo rhoqo kubalulekile ukuphucula ukhuseleko lweeakhawunti zethu kunye nokukhusela idatha yethu. Apha ngezantsi kukho amanyathelo angundoqo esinokuwathatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipassword zethu zomelele kwaye zitshintshwa rhoqo.

1. Sebenzisa amagama agqithisiweyo aqinileyo: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ekunzima ukuwathelekelela. Kunconywa ukudibanisa iileta eziphezulu kunye nezantsi, amanani kunye neempawu ezikhethekileyo. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zobuqu ezinjengamagama okanye imihla yokuzalwa. Ukusebenzisa ibinzana elikhumbulekayo kodwa elintsonkothileyo kunokuba lukhetho oluhle.

2. Guqula amagama ayimfihlo rhoqo: Nangona isenokungakhululeki, kubalulekile ukutshintsha amagama ayimfihlo ngamaxesha athile. Kunconywa ukwenza njalo kwiinyanga ezi-3-6. Oku kuyasinceda ukuba singabi ngamaxhoba ohlaselo lwe-cyber kwaye siqinisekise ukuba iiakhawunti zethu zikhuselekile.

11. Iingcebiso zokuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa ugcina amagama ayimfihlo

Xa kuziwa ekugcineni amagama ayimfihlo, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukwenza iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubeka ukhuseleko lwethu emngciphekweni. Ngezantsi kukho iingcebiso eziluncedo zokuqinisekisa ukuba amagama ayimfihlo akhuselekile kwaye agcinwe ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Sebenzisa amagama agqithisiweyo aqinileyo: I-password eyomeleleyo kufuneka ubuncinane ibe noonobumba abasi-8, kubandakanywa indibaniselwano yamagama (unobumba ophezulu kunye nomncinci), amanani, kunye neesimboli ezikhethekileyo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zobuqu ezifikeleleka lula njengamagama, imihla yokuzalwa okanye iinombolo zomnxeba.

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2. Musa ukusebenzisa kwakhona amagama agqithisiweyo: Ngelixa kuhenda ukusebenzisa igama eligqithisiweyo kwiiakhawunti ezininzi, oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba ukuba iakhawunti yakho ithotyelwe, zonke ezinye zakho ziya kuchaphazeleka nazo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise amagama ayimfihlo ahlukeneyo kwiakhawunti nganye ukunciphisa impembelelo xa kukho ulwaphulo lokhuseleko.

12. Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga ne phishing kunye nokubaluleka kokungabelani ngeepassword

I-Phishing sisenzo sobugebenga be-intanethi apho abaqhathi bazenza imibutho okanye amaqumrhu athembekileyo ukuze bafumane ulwazi oluyimfihlo lwabasebenzisi, ingakumbi amagama ayimfihlo. Kubalulekile ukwenza abantu bazi ngeengozi zokurhwaphiliza kunye nokubaluleka kokungabelani nabani na ngeepassword zabo.

Ukunqanda ukuwela kubuqhetseba, kubalulekile ukufundisa abasebenzisi malunga neempawu zabo kunye neempawu ezilumkisayo. Ezinye iingcebiso eziphambili ziquka Musa ukucofa amakhonkco akrokrelayo athunyelwe nge-imeyile okanye ngomyalezo okhawulezileyo, soloko uqinisekisa ubunyani bewebhusayithi ngaphambi kokungena kulwazi olubuthathaka, kunye unganikezeli ngeephasiwedi okanye iinkcukacha zobuqu nakubani na, nokuba isicelo sibonakala sisemthethweni.

Ukongeza kwimfundo, kukho izixhobo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko anokunceda ukukhusela i-phishing. Ezinye iinketho ezisebenzayo kukusebenzisa inkqubo ehlaziyiweyo ye-antivirus kunye nesikhangeli esineempawu zokubhaqa ubuqhetseba, ezinje ngokuthintela iiwebhusayithi ezifunyaniswe njengezinobuqhophololo. Ukusetyenziswa kokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbini kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe umaleko owongezelelweyo wokukhusela, oku kuthetha ukuba indlela yesibini yokuqinisekisa ukongeza kwi-password iya kufuneka ukufikelela kwi-akhawunti.

13. Iziphumo zokungawagcini amagama ayimfihlo

Ukunqongophala kokhuseleko olwaneleyo lwephasiwedi kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kukhuseleko lwedatha yethu kunye neeakhawunti ze-intanethi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ezinye zeziphumo ezibi ezinokubakho zokungagcini amagama ayimfihlo ekhuselekile kunye nendlela esinokukuphepha ngayo ukuwela kwezi meko.

1. Ukuvezwa kwedatha yobuqu: Ukuba iipassword zethu zibuthathaka okanye sabelane ngazo ngokungenankathalo, sibeka umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwedatha yethu. Abaphuli mthetho be-Cybercriminal banokuthatha eli thuba lokuba semngciphekweni ukufikelela kwiiakhawunti zethu zebhanki, iinethiwekhi zoluntu okanye ii-imeyile, ngaloo ndlela sibeka esichengeni ubumfihlo bethu kunye nokhuseleko.

2. Ubusela bobuwena: Ngokungazikhuseli ngokufanelekileyo iipassword zethu, sivumela abaqweqwedisi ukuba bazenze ngathi kwaye benze izinto ezingekho mthethweni egameni lethu. Oku kunokuquka ukuthenga ngobuqhetseba, ukuvula amatyala, okanye ukwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho olunzulu. Ubusela besazisi bunokuba yingozi kakhulu ngokwasezimalini nakumntu.

14. Isiphelo: ukubaluleka kokukhusela iipassword zakho kwihlabathi ledijithali

Ukuqukumbela, ukukhusela iipassword zethu kwihlabathi ledijithali kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ulwazi lwethu kunye nokuphepha uhlaselo lwe-cyber olunokwenzeka. Kulo lonke eli nqaku, sikubonile ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo anamandla kunye nendlela yokuyenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Kubalulekile ukunqanda ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo acacileyo njengemihla yokuzalwa okanye amagama okuqala, kunye nokusebenzisa igama eliyimfihlo kwiiakhawunti ezininzi. Endaweni yoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imidibaniso yoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani, kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezinje ngabaphathi bamagama ayimfihlo, ezisivumela ukuba sigcine iipassword zethu ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye sivelise i-random and complex passwords. Aba baphathi basinceda sikhumbule amagama ayimfihlo ngaphandle kokuwabhala phantsi kwiindawo ezingakhuselekanga okanye sabelane ngawo nabanye abantu.

Ukuqukumbela, ukhuseleko lwamagama ayimfihlo wethu lubalulekile ekukhuseleni ulwazi lwethu lobuqu, lwezezimali kunye nolwazi lobuchwephesha. kwixesha ledijithali. Ngokunyuka kwenani lezoyikiso ze-cyber, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukugcina nokulawula amagama ayimfihlo ngokukhuselekileyo.

Kweli nqaku, sixoxe ngezinye iindlela ezilungileyo zokugcina amagama ayimfihlo ngempumelelo. Khumbula ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinileyo, awodwa kwiakhawunti nganye, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha zobuqu eziqikelelwayo, kwaye uzitshintshe rhoqo.

Ukongeza, siye sahlola ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithembekileyo, ezifana nabaphathi bephasiwedi, ukwenza lula kunye nokomeleza ulawulo lwephasiwedi. Ezi zixhobo azigcini nje ukwenza inkqubo yokugcina ibe lula kodwa zibonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nokuvelisa amagama ayimfihlo anamandla kunye ne-encryption yedatha.

Kufuneka sihlale sikulumkele ukophulwa kokhuseleko olunokwenzeka kwaye sihlale sisazi ngezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity kunye neengcebiso. Ukukhusela amagama ethu ayimfihlo luxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo phakathi kwabanikezeli benkonzo be-intanethi kunye nathi njengabasebenzisi.

Masikhumbule ukuba ukhuseleko lwekhompyuter yinkqubo eqhubekayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukwaziswa kunye nokuziqhelanisa nezoyikiso ezintsha. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, singomeleza ukhuseleko lwethu kwaye sinciphise imingcipheko yobusela bezazisi, uhlaselo lwabahlaseli, kunye nobunye ubugebenga be-intanethi.

Ekugqibeleni, ulawulo olululo lwe-password lutyalo-mali kukhuseleko lwethu lwedijithali kunye nokukhusela idatha yethu yobuqu. Ngokulandela iingcebiso ezinikwe kweli nqaku, siya kuba linyathelo elinye kufutshane nokuhlala sikhuselekile kwihlabathi le-Intanethi.