Inqaku lobuchwephesha elithi "Yintoni i-HTML?"

I-HTML, imfutshane kwi-HyperText Markup Language, lulwimi lwenkqubo olusetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa kunye nokubonisa umxholo. kwiwebhu. Ukubaluleka kwayo kulele kwindima yayo esisiseko njengelitye lembombo kwiWebhu yeHlabathi ebanzi, evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafikelele, bajonge kwaye bajonge ulwazi kwi-Intanethi.

Olu lwimi lophawulo, oluphuhliswe yi-World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), lusebenzisa iithegi ukuchaza ubume kunye nefomathi yamaxwebhu ewebhu. Ezi thegi, ezaziwa ngokuba ziimpawu zeHTML, zichaza indlela izinto zomxholo eziya kuboniswa ngayo kwi ibhrawuza yewebhu.

I-HTML isekwe kwinkqubo yeethegi ezifakwe kwindlwane ezivumela abaphuhlisi bewebhu ukuba benze amaphepha ewebhu asebenzisanayo kunye naguqukayo kunye nezicelo. Ezi tags zikwavumela ukufakwa kwezinye izinto zemultimedia, ezifana nemifanekiso kunye neevidiyo, kunye nokufakwa kwamakhonkco kwamanye amaphepha okanye izixhobo zangaphandle.

Ukongeza kwindima yayo ekuboniseni umxholo, i-HTML iyahambelana nobunye ubuchwepheshe, njengeCSS (iCascading Style Sheets) kunye neJavaScript, evumela ukuqina okukhulu kunye nokuguquguquka ekudaleni iiwebhusayithi ezisebenzisanayo nezibonakalayo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga nzulu iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko ze-HTML, ukusuka kwi-syntax yayo esisiseko ukuya kwiimpawu eziphambili, ngenjongo yokubonelela ukuqonda okupheleleyo kolu lwimi lubalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwewebhu.

[ISIPHELO]

1. Yintoni i-HTML kwaye yintoni umsebenzi wayo?

I-HTML, isifinyezo se-HyperText Markup Language, Lulwimi lophawu isetyenzisiwe ukwenza ulwakhiwo kunye nenkcazo ebonakalayo yamaphepha ewebhu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuchaza kunye nokulungelelanisa umxholo yesiza web ngokusebenzisa iithegi kunye neempawu. Nge-HTML, abaphuhlisi banokusebenzisa uluhlu lweethegi ukuseka i-hierarchy yezinto kunye nenkangeleko yazo.

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwi-HTML kukukwazi ukwenza amakhonkco e-hypertext. Amakhonkco avumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahambe ukusuka kwelinye iphepha ukuya kwelinye, okanye nangaphakathi kwephepha elinye. Ukwenza ikhonkco kwi-HTML, ithegi iyasetyenziswa ilandelwa nguphawu lwe- href, oluchaza i-URL apho ikhonkco kufuneka libhekiswe kuyo. Ngokufanayo, i-HTML ikuvumela ukuba ufake imifanekiso, iividiyo kunye nee-audios kumaphepha, ukuphucula amava abonakalayo kunye nokusebenzisana kwewebhusayithi.

, apho into nganye iphawulwe ngeleyibhile
1. , ngelixa uluhlu olungacwangciswanga lwenziwa ngethegi
   . Oku kuluncedo kakhulu ekucwangciseni nasekuboniseni ulwazi ngendlela eyakhiweyo. Xa isiza kufomatho lokubhaliweyo, iHTML ibonelela ngeethegi ezahlukeneyo zokuqaqambisa umbhalo ongqindilili okanye okekeleyo, kunye nokulungelelanisa ubungakanani befonti kunye nombala. Ezi mpawu zenza i-HTML ibe lulwimi olubalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwewebhu.

   2. Isakhiwo esisisiseko se-HTML: iithegi kunye nezinto ezisisiseko

   Isakhiwo esisisiseko se-HTML senziwe ngamathegi kunye nezinto ezisisiseko ezikuvumela ukuba wakhe kwaye uququzelele umxholo wephepha lewebhu. Ezi thegi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuchazeni nasekuboniseni umxholo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani ukuze zenze amaphepha ewebhu ngokufanelekileyo.

   Ithegi ye-HTML yenziwe ziisimboli ezincinci kunye neziphambili, kwaye ziza ngababini, njenge. y . Ezinye iileyibhile azifuni kuvalwa, kwaye zaziwa njengeeleyibhile zokuzitywina. Ithegi nganye inenjongo ethile, umzekelo ithegi

   isetyenziselwa ukufaka umhlathi wokubhaliweyo, ileyibhile

   a

   kwizihloko kunye nezihlokwana, kunye nelebhile ukufaka imifanekiso.

   Izinto ze-HTML zakhiwe ngokudibanisa iithegi kunye nokubhaliweyo, kwaye zinokuba neempawu eziguqula ukuziphatha kwazo. Umzekelo, uphawu "href" kwithegi ikuvumela ukuba wenze amakhonkco kwamanye amaphepha, ngelixa uphawu lwe "src" kwithegi ixela indawo yomfanekiso oza kuboniswa. Ezinye izinto zikwanazo umxholo obekwe kwindlwane, okuthetha ukuba zinokuqulatha ezinye izinto ngaphakathi kwazo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlele iphepha ngokoluhlu kwaye uchaze ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqonda okuqinileyo kweethegi ze-HTML kunye nezinto ezisisiseko, unokwenza amaphepha ewebhu akhiwe kakuhle kwaye abonakale ekhangayo.

   3. Ukuvela kwe-HTML kuzo zonke iinguqulelo

   I-HTML iye yatshintsha kakhulu kuzo zonke iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo ezikhutshiweyo. Uguqulelo ngalunye luye lwazisa iimpawu ezintsha kunye nophuculo lokulungelelanisa ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kunye neemfuno eziguqukayo zabaphuhlisi bewebhu.

   HTML (Ulwimi lweMarkup ye-HyperText) lulwimi olusemgangathweni olusetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa nokubonisa umxholo kwiwebhu. Isetyenziselwa ukudala isakhiwo esisisiseko sephepha lewebhu, ukucacisa izinto ezifana nezihloko, imihlathi, imifanekiso, amakhonkco kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-HTML iye yadlula kwiinguqulelo ezininzi eziphambili, ukusuka kwinguqulelo yokuqala 1.0 ukuya kolona guqulelo lwamva nje, iHTML5.

   Inguqulelo yokuqala enkulu yeHTML yaba HTML 2.0, eyakhutshwa ngowe-1995. Yazisa izinto ezintsha eziliqela, kuquka izintlu ezicwangcisiweyo nezingacwangciswanga, iitheyibhile kunye neefomu ezisisiseko. Iimpawu ezintsha zongezwa kwakhona ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamaphepha ewebhu. Nangona kunjalo, i-HTML 2.0 ibingenazo izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezifunyenwe kwiinguqulelo zamva.

   HTML 4.0 Yasungulwa ngo-1997 kwaye ize nenani lophuculo olubalulekileyo. Izinto ezintsha kunye neempawu ziye zaziswa, ezifana nezakhelo kunye nezimbo ezingaphakathi. I-HTML 4.0 yayiyeyona nguqulo yokuqala yokwazisa ingcamango yamaphepha esitayela esahlukileyo (CSS), evumela abaphuhlisi ukuba babe nolawulo olukhulu kwinkangeleko kunye noyilo lwephepha lewebhu. Ukongeza, inkxaso yokwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe yaphuculwa kwaye amandla amatsha emultimedia adityaniswa, njengokudlalwa kweaudio kunye nevidiyo. Nangona i-HTML 4.0 yayiluphuculo olukhulu, yayisenayo imida ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza kunye nesemantics.

   HTML5 lolona guqulelo lwamva noluphambili lweHTML. Yasungulwa ngo-2014 kwaye iye yatshintsha indlela esenza ngayo kunye nokuphuhlisa iiwebhusayithi. I-HTML5 yazise uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu ezintsha kunye nezinto, ukusuka kwiithegi zesemantic ezifana `

   `,`