- I-NASA ne-ESA baqinisekisa ukuthi i-3I/ATLAS iyinkanyezi enomsila engenabungozi emhlabeni
- Umkhankaso obanzi wokubheka: i-Mars, i-STEREO, i-SOHO, i-PUNCH, i-Psyche, i-Lucy, i-Hubble ne-Webb
- Ukwakhiwa okuphawulekayo ku-CO₂ nomsebenzi onamajethi ayinkimbinkimbi nemisila, ngaphakathi kokulindelwe
- Ukusondela kakhulu emhlabeni ngoDisemba 19, cishe amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-274
El inkanyezi enomsila 3I/ATLAS wethule a umkhankaso wokubuka ongakaze ubonwe yi-NASA kanye ne-ESAngezinsimbi ezisatshalaliswa kuSolar System. Ukusuka eYurophu, ukulandelela kuncike ku- ukubamba iqhaza kwemishini ebalulekile kanye nezindawo zokubuka izinto, ukuqinisa indima yomphakathi wesayensi eSpain kanye ne-EU ku ukufunda kwalezi zivakashi ezingavamile.
Ama-ejensi asemkhathini aphinde akugcizelela ukuthi lokhu kunjalo inkanyezi enomsila yemvelo, enezici ezihambisana ngokugcwele nezinye izinkanyezi ezinomsila, nakuba Imvelaphi yayo ngaphandle kwendawo yethu ikwenza kube yithuba eliyingqayiziveleAzikho izinkomba zobuchwepheshe noma amasiginali amangalisayo: Into igcina umzila kanye nomsebenzi ohambisana namamodeli yokususa umoya njengoba isondela eLangeni.
Iyini i-3I/ATLAS futhi yatholwa kanjani?
I-3I/ATLAS into yesithathu ephakathi kwezinkanyezi ekhonjwe ukuwela Isistimu yethu Yelanga, ngemva kuka-1I/ʻOumuamua no-2I/Borisov. Yatholwa ngoJulayi 1 yi-ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System), inethiwekhi yezibonakude ezixhaswe yi-NASA emazweni amaningana, kuhlanganise neyodwa eNtabeni iTeide (eSpain)...ngaphezu kwezinsiza eziseChile. I-hyperbolic trajectory yayo yakhaphela umsuka wayo wangaphandle kusukela ekuqaleni.
Izilinganiso zokuqala ezivela ekuhlolweni nge-Hubble nezinye izisetshenziswa zibeka umnyombo phakathi kwebanga amakhulu amamitha ukuya kumakhilomitha amaninganange-coma esebenzayo kanye nomsila okuguquka kwawo kuye kwavela njengoba ithole imisebe yelanga emikhulu. Ijubane layo liyadlula 200.000 km/h, ngeziqongo eziphakeme eduze kwe-perihelion, ngaphakathi kwalokho okulindeleke kunkanyezi enomsila.
Ngokombono waseYurophu, i-ESA igqamise ukubaluleka kwe-3I/ATLAS ukuze iqhathaniswe. izinqubo zomzimba namakhemikhali nalezo zezinkanyezi ezinomsila ezakhiwe eduze neLanga. Lezi ziqhathaniso zisivumela ukuthi silungise umehluko wangempela ngokuqhathanisa nalawo asobala nje ngenxa yejometri yokubuka noma imvelo yelanga.
Umkhankaso odidiyelwe: I-Mars, i-heliovision nama-probes endleleni
Ngo-Okthoba 3, 3I/ATLAS idlulele cishe Amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-30,6 kusuka ku-Mars, ithuba imikhumbi-mkhathi eminingana yeNASA yalisebenzisa ngokunenzuzo: i I-MRO orbiter ithole esinye sezithombe eziseduzeI-MAVEN yathatha idatha ye-ultraviolet ukuze iveze ukwakheka kwayo, futhi i-Perseverance rover yakwazi ukuthwebula into endaweni yaseMartian.
Imishini ye-Heliospheric yavumela ososayensi ukuthi bayilandele ngemuva kokunyamalala kwayo eMhlabeni. Indawo yokubuka I-STEREO iyiqophe phakathi kukaSepthemba 11 no-Okthoba 2, ngenkathi I-SOHO (imishini ehlangene ye-ESA/NASA) Wawugcina maphakathi no-Okthoba. ISIBHEKEZO, esanda kwethulwa, Inikeze ukulandelana komsila wayo phakathi nengxenye yesibili kaSepthemba kanye nokuqala kuka-Okthoba.
Kude noMhlaba, ama-probes I-Psyche y ULucy Basebenzise izindlela zabo zokuthwebula inkanyezi enomsila ngoSepthemba: U-Psyche wathwebula izithombe ezimbalwa endaweni eqhele ngamakhilomitha angaba yizigidi ezingu-53, kanti uLucy wathwebula uchungechunge oluqhele ngamakhilomitha angaba yizigidi ezingu-386. okuthi, kustakiwe, okuvumela ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo somsila wokhefana.
Futhi UHubble noJames Webb baba nesandlaLesi sakamuva sibalulekile ekubhekeni inkanyezi enomsila ku-infrared njengoba isuka futhi ingafinyeleleki ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, ngaleyo ndlela ivale ukumboza okuningi futhi okungeziwe okungakaze kube khona kuze kube manje kwento yemvelaphi ye-extrasolar.
Ukwakheka nomsebenzi: imisila eyinkimbinkimbi, amajethi kanye ne-CO₂ evelele
Idatha ebonakalayo, i-ultraviolet, ne-infrared ehlanganisiwe ikhomba ku-a umsebenzi onamandla yenkanyezi enomsila, enokukhishwa kwegesi nothuli okuchaza izinguquko emsila kanye nokusheshisa okuncane okungewona amandla adonsela phansi, into evamile kule mizimba. Ukubuka okuzimele kubonise izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi emsileni wayo, nokuba khona kwamajethi ngisho nokucushwa okukhumbuza i- anti-umsila ngenxa yomphumela we-observation geometry.
Kude nokuhumusha okungajwayelekile, amaqembu esayensi akhombisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zamaphethini zingavela kuzo izindawo eziningi ezisebenzayo ngaphezuluukusatshalaliswa kwe-anisotropic kwamaqhwa kanye nokusebenzisana nomoya welanga. I-antitail engenzeka, isibonelo, ingachazwa ngombono ngokuphathelene nendiza ye-orbital kanye nokusatshalaliswa kothuli olukhishiwe.
Emkhakheni we-chemistry, Izilinganiso ze-Ultraviolet ne-infrared ziphakamisa a ingxenye ye-CO₂ Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkanyezi ezinomsila eziningana ku-Solar System. Kunezincazelo zemvelo: ukuchayeka okuhlukile emisebeni kuwo wonke umlando wayo noma indawo yokwakheka ebandayo, ene-CO₂, ehambisana nomsuka ongaphandle kwesistimu yethu.
Ochwepheshe be-NASA kanye ne-ESA bagcizelela ukuthi akukho lutho olubonwayo oludinga ukuphendukela ekuchazeni okuphambene nemvelo. Izici zombala, ukugqama, amandla, kanye ne-spectrum zihambisana ne-a Inkanyezi enomsila esebenza uma ishisiwe, ngaphandle kwamasignesha obuchwepheshe noma amasiginali okwenziwa.
Izinsuku, ukubonakala kanye nendima yaseYurophu
Indlela eseduze yoMhlaba ihlelelwe 19 Disemba, ebangeni cishe Amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-274ngaphandle kokusho noma iyiphi ingozi. I-Perihelion yenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, ngaleso sikhathi i-geometry yokubuka isisize ukulandelelwa kwayo ngamabonakude asekelwe phansi.
E-Europe, futhi ikakhulukazi eSpain, umphakathi wesayensi usebenzisa leli windi ukuze wenze ngcono izindlela usayizi, umumo kanye nomsebenzikanye nokuqhathanisa ukuziphatha kwayo nalokho kwezinkanyezi ezinomsila ezibonakala kahle ezivela endaweni yelanga. Inethiwekhi ye-ATLAS, enesiteshi e-Teide, kanye namaqembu e-IAC nezinye izikhungo zase-Europe afaka isandla kulo mzamo ohlanganisiwe.
Uma ubheka phambili, inkanyezi enomsila izoqhubeka nendlela yayo futhi iphindele emuva ibheke endaweni indawo ye-interstellar ngemva kokuwela umzila we-Jupiter entwasahlobo ka-2026. I-James Webb izoba ukhiye wokuminyanisa amathuba okugcina ku-infrared lapho ukukhanya kuncipha ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo.
Kulabo abafisa ukujula, i-NASA igcina izinsiza ezisemthethweni nezibuyekezo ezijwayelekile ngezinto ezivulekile: isixhumanisi esinolwazi kanye nengosi yayo yezemfundo ngeSpanishi ngokuqukethwe okuyisithenjwa, ehloselwe umphakathi jikelele kanye nomphakathi wezemfundo.
I-3I/ATLAS iqinisekiswa njenge inkanyezi enomsila Kuqashelwe ngendlela edidiyelwe yi-NASA kanye ne-ESA, ngeminikelo evela eYurophu naseSpain: ibanga eliphephile ukusuka eMhlabeni, umsebenzi ohambisana ne-comet physics, amasignali amakhemikhali asikiselayo, kanye nohlelo lokubheka oluzovumela izifundo okufanele zifundwe mayelana zakha futhi zithuthuka kanjani imizimba emincane kwezinye izinhlelo zenkanyezi.
Ngingumshisekeli wezobuchwepheshe oguqule izintshisekelo zakhe "ze-geek" zaba umsebenzi. Ngichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yempilo yami ngisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokukitaza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ngenxa yelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Manje sengiqeqeshelwe ubuchwepheshe be-computer nemidlalo yama-video. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ngisebenza ngokubhalela amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezobuchwepheshe nemidlalo yevidiyo, ngenza izindatshana ezifuna ukukunikeza imininingwane oyidingayo ngolimi oluqondakala yiwo wonke umuntu.
Uma unemibuzo, ulwazi lwami lusukela kuyo yonke into ehlobene nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows kanye ne-Android yomakhalekhukhwini. Futhi ukuzibophezela kwami kuwe, ngihlala ngizimisele ukuchitha amaminithi ambalwa futhi ngikusize uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kulo mhlaba we-inthanethi.