Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe- i-hardware yekhompyutha I-motherboard, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-motherboard. Zonke ezinye izingxenye zekhompyutha zixhunywe kuyo noma zincike kuyo ukuze zisebenze. Isibonelo, ngenxa yezixhumi zangaphandle ebhodini lomama kungenzeka ukuxhuma nokusebenzisa zonke izinhlobo zama-peripheral.
Kulesi singeniso sizogxila ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni zezixhumi zangaphandle ebhodini lomama. Ziyini lezi zixhumi futhi zenzelweni? Zingaki izinhlobo ezikhona futhi yimiphi imisebenzi eziyenzayo? Ukuphendula le mibuzo neminye kuzokusiza ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha yakho futhi usebenzise amandla aphelele ebhodi lakho lomama.
Yiziphi izixhumi zangaphandle zebhodi lomama?
Ngesinye isikhathi, sonke siye sabheka ngemuva kwekhompuyutha yedeskithophu futhi saqaphela inani lezixhumi noma izimbobo ezikhona. Mhlawumbe siyazibuza ukuthi yini lena noma leso sixhumi esithile? Yini okufanele ngiyixhume lapha? Empeleni, lezi yizixhumi zangaphandle zebhodi lomama, izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha.
Yiqiniso, ama-motherboards weAmakhompyutha aphathekayo nawo anezixhumi zangaphandle, kodwa ngamanani amancane futhi ahlukahlukene kunamakhompyutha edeskithophu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-laptops anesikhala esincane esitholakalayo sokufaka eziningana zalezi zixhumi, kuyilapho umbhoshongo unokuningi. Kuzo zombili izimo, ukuba khona kwalokhu okokufaka (kanye nokuphumayo) kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi ehlukene nokusebenzisa ezinye izingxenye zehadiwe.
Empeleni, izixhumi zangaphandle ebhodini lomama Amachweba akuvumela ukuthi uxhume izingxenye ezihlukene kumishini.. Zibizwa ngokuthi zangaphandle ngoba zibonakala ngeso lenyama futhi zingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuvula i-computer case. Kumakhompuyutha edeskithophu, izixhumi ezimbalwa zingaphambili, kuyilapho izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu nenani lazo zingemuva.
Endabeni yama-laptops, izixhumi zangaphandle ze-motherboard zisatshalaliswa ezinhlangothini zemishini. Eziningana zazo zitholakala ngakwesokudla kwesisekelo, futhi zimbalwa kuphela ngakwesokunxele. Kumamodeli esimanjemanje elaptop, asibuboni ubukhona bamachweba emaceleni angaphambili nangemuva.
Imuphi umsebenzi eziwufezayo?
Siyabona ukuthi izixhumi zangaphandle ebhodini lomama zifana neminyango yokungena neyokuphuma yekhompyutha. Ngazo singakwazi xhuma amanye amadivaysi kukhompuyutha yakho, noma ukwenza kube lula ukuxhumana nayo noma ukuthuthukisa eminye yemisebenzi yayo. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu esikunikeza kulezi zimbobo ukuxhuma ama-peripheral kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zokufaka/zokukhiphayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi, njengoba i-computing ne-hardware ishintshile, Sekuvele amachweba amasha kanti amanye awasasetshenziswa. Abakhiqizi bamakhompiyutha besimanje baqinisekisa ukuthi bafaka inombolo elungile kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezixhumi kumamodeli abo. Yiqiniso, kuhlale kukwazi ukwengeza i-hardware entsha kumishini, evame ukufaka ichweba elilodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Izinhlobo ezingu-7 zezixhumi zangaphandle zebhodi lomama
Sizobona izinhlobo ezingu-7 zezixhumi zangaphandle ebhodini lomama lekhompyutha. Sithatha amakhompuyutha edeskithophu njengereferensi ngoba eza nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamachweba. Iningi likhona kumakhompuyutha esimanje, kanti amanye sibona kumakhompyutha akamuva kakhulu.. Kodwa noma iyiphi indlela, ayizixhumi futhi afanelwe indawo ohlwini.
Isixhumi se-USB
Kwaziwa kahle, isixhumi se-USB sithathe indawo yezinye izinhlobo zamachweba, ziba indinganiso yokuxhuma izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-peripherals kukhompyutha. Ngaphezu kokuguquguquka okuningi futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ibonakala ngokunikeza ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu.
Enye inzuzo ukuthi amadivaysi amaningi e-USB anganikwa amandla ngokuqondile echwebeni, aqede isidingo sokunikezwa kwamandla angaphandle. Okwakhe inguqulo yakamuva, i-USB-C, iza ngawo wonke amadivayisi esimanje futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ushaje amanye amadivayisi, udlulise idatha futhi uxhume izikrini.
Isixhumi se-HDMI
Enye indinganiso kumakhompuyutha, ama-smart TV namadivayisi we Sakaza umsindo nevidiyo enencazelo ephezulu. Isixhumi se-HDMI (Isikhombi Soxhumanoningi Oluphezulu) ithathe indawo yezixhumi ezindala kumabhodi omama njenge-VGA ne-DVI ngoba inikeza ikhwalithi yomsindo nevidiyo ephakeme kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, idlulisa kokubili ividiyo nomsindo ngekhebuli eyodwa, ukunciphisa inani loxhumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba isekela izinqumo ze-4K nangaphezulu, inikeza ikhwalithi yesithombe ebukhali neningiliziwe. Ungayithola kumakhompuyutha esimanjemanje edeskithophu nawekhompuyutha ephathekayo, kanye namamonitha, ama-smart TV, nezinye izinto zokusebenza.
Umsindo jack
Amabhodi omama amaningi esimanje ahlanganisa izixhumi zomsindo ezinencazelo ephezulu. Lezi zikhumulo ikuvumela ukuthi uxhume izipikha, imibhobho, ama-headphones nezinye izinhlelo zokulalelwayo zedijithali. Ngokuvamile zisekela iziteshi zomsindo eziningi futhi zilethe umsindo ozungezayo wekhwalithi ephezulu.
Imibhoshongo namakhompyutha aphathekayo anechweba elilodwa noma ngaphezulu. Amakhompuyutha edeskithophu anamabhangqwana kuphaneli yangaphambili kanti amanye angemuva. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-laptops ahlanganisa eyodwa, ngokuvamile ohlangothini lwesokudla, njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-Bluetooth bukhethwa kulawa madivayisi.
Okokufaka kwe-Ethernet
Imbobo ye-Ethernet ingesinye sezixhumi zebhodi lomama ezibonakala kakhulu, okungenani kumakhompyutha edeskithophu. Kuleli chweba kumele xhuma ikhebula lenethiwekhi ukuze ufinyelele i-inthanethi kukhompuyutha.
Impela ukuqaphelile lokho Amalaptop esimanje awasenayo imbobo yenethiwekhi ye-RJ-45.. Iningi lithathele indawo yokuxhuma ngezintambo ngoxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi. Nokho, kukhona ama-adaptha e-USB afaka isixhumi senethiwekhi, uma kwenzeka ufuna ukujabulela ukuxhumana okuzinzile kukhompyutha yakho ephathekayo.
Izixhumi ze-motherboard ze-PS/2 zangaphandle
Amakhompyutha amadala anezixhumi zangaphandle ze-motherboard ze-PS/2. Zasetshenziselwa xhuma igundane nekhibhodi (eyokuqala echwebeni eliluhlaza kanye neyesibili echwebeni le-lilac). Njengoba sesishilo kakade, zathathelwa indawo imbobo ye-USB.
Isixhumi se-VGA/DVI
Enye insalela, esetshenziselwa xhuma amamonitha, izikrini zethelevishini namaphrojektha ku-motherboard. Esokugcina esanyamalala kwakuyisixhumi se-VGA, sathathelwa indawo unaphakade imbobo ye-HDMI.
Isixhumi se-Thunderbolt
Sishiya into entsha okokugcina. Isixhumi Thunderbolt iza ngokuzenzakalelayo kwamanye amabhodi omama wesimanje, futhi ithola dlulisa inani elikhulu ledatha ngesivinini esikhulu. Ihlanganisa amandla e-USB, i-DisplayPort nama-PCI endaweni eyodwa, ikuvumela ukuthi uxhume izinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivayisi, njengezibonisi ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu, ama-hard drive angaphandle namakhadi ezithombe zangaphandle. Inzuzo enkulu yalesi sixhumi ijubane ongadlulisela ngalo idatha, kuze kufike ku-80 Gb ngomzuzwana (Thunderbolt 5).
Kusukela ngisemncane bengifisa ukwazi ngayo yonke into ehlobene nentuthuko yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi lezo ezenza impilo yethu ibe lula futhi ijabulise. Ngiyakuthanda ukuhlala nginolwazi lwakamuva ngezindaba zakamuva namathrendi, nokwabelana ngolwazi lwami, imibono nezeluleko mayelana nezisetshenziswa namagajethi engiwasebenzisayo. Lokhu kungenze ngaba umlobi wewebhu eminyakeni engaphezudlwana kwemihlanu edlule, ngigxile kakhulu kumadivayisi e-Android nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows. Ngiye ngafunda ukuchaza ngamagama alula lokho okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze abafundi bami bakuqonde kalula.