I-Rio Tinto ne-Amazon ziqinisa ubudlelwano nethusi elisezingeni eliphansi lesikhathi se-AI

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwenkampani yezimayini yomhlaba wonke iRio Tinto kanye Izinsizakalo Zewebhu ze-Amazon (AWS) kubonisa ukuthi la ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela kanye noshintsho lwamandla lushintsha imakethe yethusi yomhlaba wonkeIsivumelwano sigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwethusi elikhiqizwa nge-bioleaching e-Arizona kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi asekelwe efwini ukuze kwandiswe amandla alobo buchwepheshe.

Esimweni sokungezwani okukhulu phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo, lokhu kuthutha kubeka inkampani enkulu yedijithali njenge-Amazon phakathi kwempikiswano ngezimbiwa ezibalulekilengokukhetha ukutholakala kwethusi indawo encane yemvelo kanye, ngesikhathi esifanayo, uchungechunge lwenani olufushane noluthuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe.

Isivumelwano esibalulekile phakathi kwezimayini kanye nefu

I-Rio Tinto isiqede isivumelwano seminyaka emibili ne-Amazon Web Services lapho i-AWS iba khona umthengi wokuqala wethusi okhiqizwe ngobuchwepheshe beNutonLe thusi ivela emayini yaseJohnson Camp e-Arizona, eqhutshwa yiGunnison Copper, lapho ubuchwepheshe busanda kusetshenziswa khona ezingeni lezimboni. Kuyisisombululo se-bioleaching esisetshenziswa kumaminerali e-sulfide.

Isivumelwano sibeka ukuthi ithusi leNuton lizokwabelwa izingxenye ezibalulekile zezikhungo zedatha ze-AWS e-United Statesikakhulukazi lezo eziphathelene nomthwalo wemisebenzi yobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Sikhuluma ngezintambo zikagesi, amabha amabhasi, ama-transformer, ama-motor, amabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa ukushisa. amaprosesa anamandla aphezulukonke kuncike kakhulu ekuqhubeni kwethusi.

Izinkampani azizange zidalule imigomo yezezimali noma amanani athile okunikezwayo, kodwa zigcizelele ukuthi kuyi- ingqophamlando engokomfanekiso yokukhuphuka kweNuton kwezentengiselwanoKu-Rio Tinto, imelela umbukiso wamazwe ngamazwe wemodeli yayo entsha yokukhiqiza ithusi; ku-Amazon, indlela yokuvikela izinto ezibalulekile ezinezimfanelo zemvelo ezihlukile.

Isidingo siyakhula ngenxa ye-AI kanye nengozi yokuntuleka kwethusi

Isizinda salo msebenzi siphawulwa ukwanda okusheshayo kwe- Izikhungo zedatha ze-AI ezikhiqizayo kanye nezizukulwane ezilandelayoIseva ngayinye, yonke isistimu yokupholisa, kanye nesiteshi ngasinye esinikeza lezi zikhungo kuqukethe inani elikhulu lethusi, kusukela ezintanjeni kuya kuma-transformer.

Abahlaziyi bezimboni balinganisela ukuthi ukwanda kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokufakwa kukagesi kungathuthukisa Isidingo sethusi emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke cishe ngo-50% ngo-2040Kodwa-ke, amaphrojekthi okumba athatha iminyaka ukuvuthwa, kanti izithiyo zomthetho kanye nezenhlalo zibambezela ukuqaliswa kwezimayini ezintsha, okwandisa ukwesaba kokuntuleka kwesakhiwo.

Lokhu kushuba sekuvele kubonakala emakethe: intengo yethusi idlulile $13.000 ngethani ngalinye le-metric ku-London Metal Exchange, ngokunyuka cishe ngo-40% ngonyaka owodwa, esimweni lapho okulindelwe isidingo samanethiwekhi kagesi, izimoto zikagesi kanye nezikhungo zedatha kuphikisana nokutholakala okulinganiselwe.

Kuleso simo, izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ziqala ukuncintisana nabakhiqizi bezimboni kanye nezinkampani zamandla ukuze qinisekisa ukutholakala okuzinzile kwethusiIsivumelwano se-AWS neRio Tinto sisasesincane ngobuningi, kodwa sithumela isignali ecacile emakethe mayelana nokubaluleka "kwe-attribute copper" (umthamo wekhabhoni ephansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuncane, ukulandeleka) kwengqalasizinda yedijithali.

Indlela iNuton esebenza ngayo: i-bioleaching kanye nedatha yamafu

I-Nuton iyindlela yobuchwepheshe yeRio Tinto yokukhipha ithusi kuyo amaminerali e-sulfide ayinhloko yizinto ezincane zemveloEsikhundleni sokulandela indlela yakudala yokuchoboza, ukugxila, ukuncibilikisa kanye nokucwenga i-ore ezindaweni eziningana, uhlelo lusekelwe ekukhucululeni inqwaba, lapho amabhaktheriya akhethiwe ngokukhethekile enza kube lula ukukhululwa kwensimbi.

I-Rio Tinto ibilokhu icwaninga lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe bokukhipha amanzi iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu futhi iqambe lolu hlelo ngokuthi i-Nuton njengesikhumbuzo sayo. U-Isaac Newtonukugqamisa ingxenye yesayensi yalolu hlelo. Ngokungafani nokuhlanza okuvamile, le ndlela ihlose ukuba yi-modular futhi ikwazi ukulinganiswa, ukuze ikwazi ukujwayelana nama-deposit ahlukene kanye nezinhlobo ze-ore.

Ukusebenzisana ne-AWS kudlulela ngale kokunikeza ithusi ngokomzimba: I-Nuton iyisebenzisela ukulingisa ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo zokukhipha ama-leaching kanye nezinhlelo zokuthatha izinqumo ngokudla ngokuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe, okuvumela ukulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela kokusetshenziswa kwe-asidi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, kanye nezimo zokusebenza ukuze kwandiswe ukululama kwensimbi.

Lokhu kusetshenziswa kakhulu kwedatha namamodeli edijithali kuvula ithuba nciphisa isikhathi kusukela emqondweni kuya ekukhiqizweni kwezimboniLokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni lapho amaphrojekthi evame ukubhekana nezikhathi ezinde zokuhlolwa, ukuvunyelwa, kanye nokuqaliswa.

Ama-cathode ahlanzekile kakhulu ngqo emayini

Esinye sezici ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngemodeli ye-Nuton ukuthi inqubo yenzelwe ukukhiqiza ama-cathode ethusi anobumsulwa obungu-99,99% ngaphakathi kwemayini uqoboLokhu kugwema isidingo sokwakha ama-concentrator, ama-smelters, kanye nezindawo zokuhluza izinto zaleyo nto ethile, okunciphisa kakhulu inani lezigaba eziphakathi nendawo.

Ngokukhiqiza ithusi elicwengisisiwe emthonjeni, uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka luba kunciphisa ibanga ukusuka emayini kuya kumsebenzisi wokugcinaLokhu kungabangela izindleko eziphansi zokuthutha, izindawo ezimbalwa zokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, kanye nokulandeleka okuqondile kwamakhasimende adinga izitifiketi zemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iNuton ifuna ukusizakala amaminerali nezinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphansi ezazibhekwa njengemfucuza ngaphambiliniukuguqula izinqolobane ezincane zibe ukukhiqizwa okuwusizo kwezentengiselwano. Uma lesi sisekelo sisebenza kahle ngezinga, singandisa ngempumelelo isisekelo sezinsiza ezitholakalayo ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda ingxenye yengqalasizinda esindayo yesekethe yendabuko.

I-carbon kanye nophawu lwamanzi: idatha ebalulekile evela kuphrojekthi yeJohnson Camp

Imayini yaseJohnson Camp e-Arizona isiphenduke i- Ucwaningo lwesibonelo lokulinganisa umthelela we-Nuton copper emvelweniUkuhlolwa komjikelezo wokuphila okuzimele (i-LCA) okwenziwe ngumuntu wesithathu kulinganise ukuthi ithusi elikhiqizwa lapho linomkhawulo ophelele wama-2,82 kg we-CO₂ olingana nekhilogramu ngayinye yethusi, kucatshangelwa ukukhishwa kwe-Scope 1, 2 kanye no-3.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, umthelela wekhabhoni wethusi eliyinhloko emhlabeni jikelele uvame ukuwela phakathi 1,5 kanye no-8,0 kg we-CO₂e ngekhilogremuNgokusho kobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza, ngaphansi kwesilinganiso "sokumayini kuya kwensimbi ecwengisisiwe" esisetshenziswa embonini, iJohnson Camp ibekwe njengomkhiqizi oyinhloko wethusi one-carbon footprint ephansi kakhulu e-United States.

Le phrojekthi ivelele futhi ngokuphathwa kwayo kwamanzi: isilinganiso amandla okusetshenziswa angamalitha angu-71 ngekhilogramu yethusiLokhu kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso somhlaba wonke esingaba amalitha angu-130 ngekhilogramu. I-Skarn Associates, inkampani ekhethekile emigqeni yokuqina kwekhabhoni namanzi yezimayini, iqinisekisile zombili lezi zibalo kanye nokuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso somhlaba wonke.

Ukuze kusekelwe ugesi walo msebenzi, iNuton ithenge Izitifiketi zamandla avuselelekayo ze-Green-e eziyi-134.000Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okungu-100% endaweni kuvela emithonjeni evuselelwayo eqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kuhlose ukukhiqiza ithusi elinomphumela omncane kwezemvelo kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo.

Umthamo wokukhiqiza kanye nomkhathi wokusabalalisa

I-Johnson Camp iyi- imayini evulekile enesistimu yokudonsa inqwabaItholakala ngamakhilomitha angaphezu kwekhulu empumalanga yeTucson, esifundazweni sase-Arizona, iGunnison Copper, inkampani eqhuba le nkampani, ilinganisela ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila kwemigodi siphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-20, futhi umthamo waminyaka yonke ungamakhilogremu ayizigidi ezingu-25 ethusi esimweni sayo samanje.

Esigabeni sokuthunyelwa esixhunywe neNuton, iphrojekthi ihlose ukukhiqiza cishe Amathani angu-30.000 ethusi elicwengisisiwe eminyakeni emineKulowo mthamo, kulindeleke ukuthi amathani angaba ngu-16.000 azovela epulatifomu yokukhipha i-ore eluhlaza, kanti amathani asele angu-14.000 azotholakala ngqo kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-Nuton.

Leli zinga lokukhiqiza lodwa ngeke lixazulule ukuntuleka kwethusi emhlabeni wonke, kodwa lisebenza njenge ukubonakaliswa kwezimboni kwemodeli ehlukileokungaphindaphindwa noma kwandiswe kwamanye amadiphozithi uma imiphumela yobuchwepheshe kanye neyezomnotho ihlanganiswa.

Izimpawu zemakethe yezinsimbi ezibalulekile

Ukungena kwenkampani efana ne-Amazon ezivumelwaneni zokuhlinzeka ngethusi ngqo kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi Izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe sezibe ngabadlali abakhuthele emakethe yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo.Akusekho nje ngokuthenga izingxenye kubahlinzeki abaphakathi: manje, ukufinyelela okukhethekile ezintweni ezinezici ezithile nakho kuyaxoxiswana ngakho.

Kulokhu, kugcizelelwa ithusi eline- ukwehla kwekhabhoni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphansiIsekelwa idatha eqinisekisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi ovuselelekayo, lolu hlobo lwephrojekthi lubeka indinganiso kubakhiqizi baseYurophu bezintambo, ama-elekthronikhi kagesi, kanye nemishini yesikhungo sedatha, okubeka ukuthambekela kwezintambo zokuhlinzeka eminyakeni ezayo.

Umkhakha wezimayini, wona, ubona ukuthi ukuba "nethusi elinezimfanelo" kungahunyushwa kube izivumelwano zesikhathi eside namakhasimende afuna izinto eziningi, izimo zezimali ezingcono kanye nokwamukelwa okukhulu komphakathi esimweni lapho ukuvula izimayini ezintsha kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe, kokubili eMelika naseYurophu.

Ikhono lobuchwepheshe kanye nomongo wamazwe ngamazwe

I-Rio Tinto akuyona yodwa umkhiqizi omkhulu ohlola izindlela ezihlukile zokukhipha ithusi ngempumelelo enkulu nange- umthelela ophansi kwezemveloIzinkampani ezifana ne-BHP noma i-Antofagasta zakha ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bokuhlanzwa kanye nokwehliswa kwezinto eziphilayo ukuze kwandiswe ukutholakala kabusha kanye nokunciphisa isidingo sabancibilikisi bendabuko.

Isihluthulelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zixazululo kuyancintisana ngezindleko futhi kuyakhulaLo mkhakha usuvele ubone ezinye "izinguquko" zobuchwepheshe eziye zabhekana nemikhawulo yezomnotho noma yamakhemikhali lapho zizama ukusuka elabhorethri ziye emayini. Yingakho amaphrojekthi afana neJohnson Camp ebhekwa eduze, kokubili yizikhungo zezimali kanye nabakhiqizi bezimboni baseYurophu abathembele ethusi ukuze bathole izintambo, amagridi kagesi, kanye nezimoto zikagesi.

Okwamanje, amazwe anezimayini eziqinile kanye nokuxhumana kwempahla ne-United States, njengeMexico, adonselwa ohlelweni amandla esifunda ochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwethusi ihlanganiswe kakhudlwana. Kwi-European Union, ekhuthaza amasu ayo ezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile kanye nokuzimela kwesu, lolu hlobo lobumbano luqinisa ukuphuthuma kokuchaza ukuthi luzoqinisekisa kanjani nokuthi kuphi ukufinyelela kwalo ithusi.

Ukubambisana phakathi kweRio Tinto, iNuton, kanye ne-Amazon Web Services kubonisa ushintsho olukhulu ebhizinisini lethusi: akuseyona nje indaba yokukhipha amathani, kodwa mayelana nokunikeza Insimbi elandelekayo, enendawo ephansi futhi elungiselelwe izidingo zengqalasizinda yedijithaliEmakethe lapho i-AI, amagridi kagesi kanye noshintsho lwamandla kudala isidingo, amamodeli afana neJohnson Camp asebenza njengelabhorethri ephilayo yokuthi ukumbiwa kwethusi kungabukeka kanjani eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

Isihloko esihlobene:

I-Meta Compute: Ukubheja okukhulu kwe-Meta ku-superintelligence ye-AI

U-Alberto Navarro

Ngingumshisekeli wezobuchwepheshe oguqule izintshisekelo zakhe "ze-geek" zaba umsebenzi. Ngichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yempilo yami ngisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokukitaza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ngenxa yelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Manje sengiqeqeshelwe ubuchwepheshe be-computer nemidlalo yama-video. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ngisebenza ngokubhalela amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezobuchwepheshe nemidlalo yevidiyo, ngenza izindatshana ezifuna ukukunikeza imininingwane oyidingayo ngolimi oluqondakala yiwo wonke umuntu.

Uma unemibuzo, ulwazi lwami lusukela kuyo yonke into ehlobene nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows kanye ne-Android yomakhalekhukhwini. Futhi ukuzibophezela kwami ​​​​kuwe, ngihlala ngizimisele ukuchitha amaminithi ambalwa futhi ngikusize uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kulo mhlaba we-inthanethi.