- Uhulumeni wase-Spain uphasise umthetho wokulawula ukusetshenziswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa, odinga ukulebula okuyisibopho kokuqukethwe okukhiqizwa yi-AI.
- Izinhlawulo ezifika ku-35 million euros noma u-7% wenzuzo yomhlaba wonke zicatshangelwa labo abehluleka ukuthobela imithethonqubo.
- I-Spanish Agency for the Supervision of Artificial Intelligence izoba nesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthobelana, kanye nezinye izinhlangano ngokufanele.
- Imikhuba efana nokukhohlisa kwe-subliminal kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-biometric ngokusekelwe kudatha yomuntu siqu ebucayi nayo inqatshelwe.
El uhulumeni waseSpain uthathe igxathu eliya phambili ekulawuleni okuqukethwe okudalwe ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa ngemvume ye- Umthetho osalungiswa osungula izinhlawulo zezezimali ezibalulekile kulabo abahluleka ukuhlonza lolu hlobo lwezintoUkukhula Ukukhathazeka ngama-deepfakes kanye nekhono lawo lokukhiqiza imininingwane engamanga kube ngenye yezinto ezinqumayo kulesi sinqumo.
Lo mthetho omusha usekelwe ku-European Regulation on Artificial Intelligence, inhloso yayo iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kulandela izimiso zokuziphatha futhi akwephuli amalungelo ayisisekelo. Ngalesi sinyathelo, iSpain iba ngelinye lamazwe okuqala ukubeka imingcele eqinile kunozakwabo abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukulebula okuyisibopho ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa
Umthetho osalungiswa ubeka ukuthi noma yikuphi okuqukethwe okukhiqizwa noma okukhohliswe i-AI kufanele kufakwe ilebula ngendlela efanele. ukuze abasebenzisi bakwazi ukuyibona ngokucacile. Lokhu kubandakanya izithombe, amavidiyo, nomsindo lapho abantu babonakala besho noma benza izinto abangakaze bazenze.
Ukwehluleka ukuthobela lo mthethonqubo kuzothathwa njengokwephulwa komthetho okungathi sína, nezijeziso ezisukela ku-500.000 euros kuya ku-35 million euros, kuye ngohlobo lokwephulwa komthetho. Emabhizinisini, inhlawulo engu-7% yenzuzo yawo yomhlaba wonke izosetshenziswa uma leli nani lidlula inhlawulo evamile. Mayelana nalokhu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungabheka kanjani izinhlawulo ezisebenzayo ezihlobene nokuqukethwe kwedijithali okungagunyaziwe.
Ukulawula nokugadwa kwemithethonqubo
Ukuthobela lo mthethonqubo omusha kuzogadwa ama-ejensi amaningana.. I-Spanish Agency for the Supervision of Artificial Intelligence (AESIA) izoba yibhizinisi eliyinhloko elinesibopho sokuhlaziya amacala kanye nokujezisa izephula-mthetho. Ezinye izikhungo, njenge-Spanish Data Protection Agency kanye ne-Central Electoral Board, nazo zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo.
UNgqongqoshe Wezokuguqulwa Kwedijithali, u-Óscar López, ukugcizelele ukubaluleka kwalo mthetho, wathi "Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buyithuluzi elinamandla, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kwabo kungabukela phansi intando yeningi futhi kusabalalise ulwazi olungahlosiwe.".
Ngaphezu kokulebula okuyisibopho, izinqubo ezithile ezingamukelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-AI zihlonziwe., okuzoba ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa nezijeziso ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kubandakanya:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ze-subliminal ukuba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwezakhamizi ngaphandle kwemvume yazo.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-biometric ngokusekelwe kuhlanga, inkolo, ipolitiki nanoma iyiphi enye idatha ebucayi.
- Ukuxhaphaza izingane ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-AI ezikhuthaza imisebenzi eyingozi.
Lezi zinyathelo zizosetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe lokho amathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa asetshenziswa ngokuziphatha nangokuzibophezela, ukuwavimbela ekulimazeni amaqembu asengozini noma athinte kabi umphakathi. Yebo, kubalulekile ukwazi imithelela yezomthetho nokuthi lokhu kuhlobana kanjani ne ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ngendlela efanele.
Imithethonqubo iphinde ifune ukuqinisekisa i-ecosystem yedijithali lapho okuqukethwe okukhiqizwayo kuhlangabezana nokulindelwe ngokomthetho nokuziphatha, ukuhlola isidingo sokulawula okusebenzayo nokuhleleke kahle.
Uhlaka lokulawula oluhambisana ne-European Union
ISpain izihlanganisa nemithetho ye-European Union endleleni yayo yokulawula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa. I-European AI Regulation isungula uchungechunge lwezimiso ukuthi Bafuna ukulinganisa ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo ayisisekelo ezakhamizi..
Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba sokulawula, Ubuchwepheshe be-AI buhlukaniswe ngamaleveli engozi, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni okuvunyelwe kuya emikhubeni enqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Ngokuqondene, Ama-deepfakes namasistimu aklanyelwe ukukhohlisa umbono womphakathi achazwe njengengozi enkulu.. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi imithethonqubo emisha ehlobene nemithelela ye-disinformation emphakathini izovezwa kanjani.
Ngokuqala ukusebenza kwalo mthetho, iSpain ibekwe phambili kumthethonqubo we-AI, ivikela izakhamizi ekukhohlisweni kwedijithali futhi iqinisekisa i-ecosystem yedijithali esobala kakhudlwana futhi evikelekile. Nakuba kusekhona ukungabaza mayelana ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwalezi zinyathelo, imithethonqubo iyisinyathelo esiqinile esibheke ekulawuleni okucacile futhi okunamandla kokusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe obuvelayo.
Ngingumshisekeli wezobuchwepheshe oguqule izintshisekelo zakhe "ze-geek" zaba umsebenzi. Ngichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yempilo yami ngisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokukitaza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ngenxa yelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Manje sengiqeqeshelwe ubuchwepheshe be-computer nemidlalo yama-video. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ngisebenza ngokubhalela amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezobuchwepheshe nemidlalo yevidiyo, ngenza izindatshana ezifuna ukukunikeza imininingwane oyidingayo ngolimi oluqondakala yiwo wonke umuntu.
Uma unemibuzo, ulwazi lwami lusukela kuyo yonke into ehlobene nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows kanye ne-Android yomakhalekhukhwini. Futhi ukuzibophezela kwami kuwe, ngihlala ngizimisele ukuchitha amaminithi ambalwa futhi ngikusize uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kulo mhlaba we-inthanethi.