I-South Atlantic Anomaly inweba futhi yenza buthaka insimu kazibuthe yomhlaba.

Isifunda esibuthakathaka kakhulu seplanethi ye-geomagnetic shield, okuthiwa I-South Atlantic Anomaly, iyaqhubeka nokushintsha: amamodeli amasha athuthukiswe ngedatha yesathelayithi abonisa a ukwanda okuqhubekayo kanye nokuba buthaka okuqhubekayoKulesi simo, I-ESA iqinisekisa ukuthi indawo entekenteke yandile kusukela ngo-2014 nokuthi ukuziphatha kwayo akufani kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Atlantic.

Ukulandelela ngomlaza we-Swarm—amasathelayithi amathathu afanayo asungulwa ngo-2013—kunikeza irekhodi elide kakhulu nelinembile le-orbital lensimu kazibuthe Yomhlaba. Ngokwalokhu kuhlaziya, I-anomaly manje ihlanganisa indawo ecishe ilingane nengxenye yeYurophu futhi ukuwohloka kushiwo ikakhulukazi ngasekupheleni okubhekene ne-Afrika kusukela cishe ngo-2020.

Iyini i-South Atlantic Anomaly futhi kungani ibalulekile?

I-South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) iyindawo enkulu phakathi kweNingizimu Melika kanye ne-Afrika eseningizimu lapho amandla kazibuthe oMhlaba aphansi ngokungavamileLobu buthakathaka buvumela izinhlayiya ezinamandla kakhulu ukuba zingene ezindaweni eziphakeme eziphansi, zandise umthamo wemisebe otholwa amasathelayithi futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, osomkhathi lapho benqamula isifunda.

Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukudlula ku-AAS kwandisa ingozi ukwehluleka kwengxenye ye-elekthronikhi, ukuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo, namaphutha enkumbulo emikhunjini nasezinzwa, ngaphezu kwalokho kuthinta ukuhamba nokubeka izinto ezifana ne-GPS. Ngakho-ke, indawo iyindawo yokuhlola kuqala yabaqhubi bemishini yesikhala kanye nabashwalense.

Izilinganiso ezivela emkhathini: iminyaka eyishumi nanye yedatha yeSwarm

Ucwaningo olusha, oluholwa nguChris Finlay (Technical University of Denmark) futhi lwanyatheliswa encwadini ethi Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, isekelwe eminyakeni eyishumi nanye yokulinganisa okuningiliziwe kwendawo kazibuthe okwenziwa yi- Umsebenzi we-Swarm we-European Space Agency (LOKHO).

Amamephu avelayo akhombisa ukuthi i-AAS isisabalele ngasempumalanga kusukela ngo-2014 futhi ukuvela kwayo akufani nokufana: eduze neNingizimu Melika izinguquko zithambile, kanti ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika ukuncipha kuye kwakhula ngokusobala kusukela ngo-2020.

Ubuthakathaka obungalingani kanye neziqephu zokugeleza okubuyela emuva

Ukuze bachaze leli phethini, abacwaningi bakhomba ku-dynamics emngceleni phakathi kwe-liquid out core kanye nengubo yamadwala. Lapho, ukuhlehla ukugeleza "amapheshana" okushintsha indlela evamile yemigqa yensimu; esikhundleni sokuphumela emkhathini engxenyeni eseningizimu nenkabazwe, ingxenye yokugeleza iqondiswa emuva ngasenkabeni.

Idatha ye-swarm ikhombisa ukuthi enye yalezo ziqephu iya ngasentshonalanga ngaphansi kwe-Afrika, okunomthelela ekulahlekelweni kokuqina kwendawo njengoba i-AAS izuza kulowo mkhakha. Ukwengeza, ubuncane besibili buvezwe eningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika, uphawu lokuthi i-anomaly ingenzeka isiqephu sibe “amangqamuzana” kazibuthe ngokuziphatha okuhlukile.

Umthelela kumasathelayithi, ukuzulazula kanye nokulawulwa kwengozi emkhathini

I-AAS ebanzi futhi ebuthaka ihlanganisa ukuhlelwa kwemizila, amawindi okubuka kanye amaphrothokholi okuvikela ihadiweAbaqhubi besathelayithi bahlanganisa ukuqondisa izinto, ukuvalwa kokuvimbela noma ukukhishwa kabusha lapho bewela isifunda, ngenhloso ukuze unciphise amathuba okuphuka futhi andise impilo ewusizo yezinto zakho zokusebenza.

Ingabe Izinyathelo zokuphepha zenza kube nengqondo nakakhulu ngezikhathi zomsebenzi omkhulu welanga., lapho umoya welanga kanye nokukhishwa kwe-coronal mass kwandisa ukugeleza kwezinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe. Isibikezelo sezulu sasemkhathini namamodeli okuzulazula adinga ukubuyekezwa njalo ukuze abonise ukuhluka okutholwe yi-Swarm.

Inkambu kazibuthe enyakazayo esikalini somhlaba

Ngale kwe-South Atlantic, idathasethi iveza amathrendi ahlukile kwezinye izifunda: insimu phezu kweSiberia iye yaqiniswa Ngenkathi indawo ebikade inamandla phezu kweCanada ilahlekelwe indawo. Lezi zinguquko zihlobene nokugudluka kwesigxobo sikazibuthe esisenyakatho sibheke eSiberia okubonwe emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.

Uchungechunge lwesikhathi lwe-Swarm—i-ESA ehlose ukudlulela ngalé kuka-2030—luvumela ukuqapha okunemininingwane i-magnetic pole drift futhi ulungise ngokushesha amamodeli ereferensi we-geomagnetic esetshenziswa ukuzulazula, ukwenza imephu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ze-geophysical.

Ongakulindela kusukela manje kuqhubeke

Ososayensi bagcizelela ukuthi ama-oscillations abonwayo ayingxenye yemvelo eguquguqukayo ye-geodynamo yoMhlaba kanye ungasho ukushintsha kwesigxobo okuseduze. Noma kunjalo, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuvela kwe-AAS kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wayo wezobuchwepheshe ngemiklamo ethuthukisiwe, ukuvikela, namasu okusebenza.

Ngalokho osekubonwe kuze kube manje, I-South Atlantic Anomaly iyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi iba namandla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, esimweni sokuhlukahluka komhlaba wonke emkhakheni kazibuthe. Ukuqapha kweswarm kunikeza isisekelo Lindela ubungozi, buyekeza amamodeli, futhi ugcine amasistimu ephephile ezincike kusihlangu esingabonakali esizungeza iplanethi yethu.