Iyini i-Prism ku-Windows ku-Arm futhi izisebenzisa kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x86/x64 ngaphandle kwezinkinga?

Iyini i-Prism ku-Windows on Arm futhi ikuvumela kanjani ukuthi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x86/x64? Uma unentshisekelo ku-Windows kumadivayisi ane-Arm processors, igama elithi Prism lizoqala ukuzwakala lijwayeleke kakhulu. Lena injini yokulingisa eyenza kube lula ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x86 ne-x64 zisebenze ku-Arm. ngaphandle kokuthi umsebenzisi enze okuthile okukhethekile noma afake izingxenye ezengeziwe. Umbono ulula: ukuthi i-Windows software ecosystem enkulu ihlala itholakala lapho ushintsha i-architecture yakho yehadiwe.

Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa lokhu kusukela ekuqaleni: Ukulingisa kuyingxenye yeWindows futhi kusobalaKu-Windows 11 ku-Arm, i-Prism ifika njengenguquko ebalulekile ngenguqulo 24H2, ithuthukisa ukusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bangaphambilini futhi yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU ezinqubweni ezilingiswayo. Futhi yebo, Windows 10 ku-Arm nayo iyalingisa, nakuba ukufakwa kukhawulelwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezingama-32-bit x86.

Iyini i-Prism futhi kungani ibalulekile ku-Windows ku-Arm?

I-Prism iyi-emulator entsha efakwe kuyo Windows 11 I-24H2 yamakhompyutha e-Arm. Umgomo wabo ukwenza isofthiwe ehlanganiswe i-x86/x64 isebenze ku-ARM64 ngenhlawulo encane kakhulu engenzeka.IMicrosoft yethule eceleni kwama-Copilot+ PC, igxile kakhulu kumaphrosesa we-Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite kanye ne-X Plus, lapho inkampani ilungise kahle injini ukuze isebenzise i-microarchitecture yayo.

Ngaphandle kokuthi igama lomkhiqizo elingekho, I-Prism imele ukulungiselelwa okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokulingiswa kwangaphambiliniIhumusha futhi ihlele ikhodi ngempumelelo kakhudlwana futhi ikhawulele umthwalo we-CPU kuzimo zomhlaba wangempela. Empeleni, i-Microsoft ibika ukuthuthuka okuphakathi kuka-10 no-20% ekuhumusheni kanambambili nge-24H2 kuhadiwe efanayo, okunikeza ukuthuthukiswa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ebezidonsa kanzima ngaphambilini.

Ngaphandle kokumaketha, kunomongo obalulekile: Isoftware eminingi ye-PC iseyi-x86 Futhi ikhathalogi yomlando inkulu kakhulu. Uma iMicrosoft ifuna iWindows on Arm isebenze — futhi iqhudelane ngokuqondana ne-Apple Silicon Macs—ukulingisa kufanele kusheshe futhi kuhambisane. Kungakho i-Prism iyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo, ikakhulukazi njengoba izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zisebenzisa kanambambili bomdabu be-ARM64.

Indlela ukulingisa okusebenza ngayo: kusuka ku-x86/x64 kuya ku-ARM64 ngesikhathi sangempela

Indlela ye-Microsoft ithatha uhlobo lomhumushi we-JIT (Just-In-Time). I-Prism eshisayo ihlanganisa amabhulokhi emiyalo angu-x86/x64 kuya ku-ARM64 imiyaleloLokhu kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ukulungiselelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi ekhishiwe isebenza kahle kuma-Arm kernels. Lokhu kunciphisa i-overhead yokusebenzisa amabhanari okungewona awomdabu.

Ukuze ugweme njalo ukubala kabusha into efanayo, I-Windows inqolobane ehunyushwe ngamabhulokhi ekhodiIsevisi yesistimu igcina lezi zinqolobane ngemojula, ukuze ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zikwazi ukuphinda ziyisebenzise ekuqaliseni kokuqala, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ukubambezeleka futhi inike amandla ukulungiselelwa lapho leyo khodi efanayo iphinda iqaliswa.

Emhlabeni we-32-bit x86, Isendlalelo se-WOW64 sisebenza njengebhuloho phezu kwenguqulo ye-ARM64 ye-Windows (njengoba kwenza kunguqulo ye-x64 yeWindows). Lokhu kuhlanganisa isistimu yefayela yakudala kanye nokuqondisa kabusha kokubhalisa ukuze kugcinwe ukuhambisana, ukuhlukanisa kahle lokho uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye olucabanga ukuthi lukubona.

Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x64 indlela yokwenza iyashintsha: Alukho ungqimba lwe-WOW64 noma amafolda esistimu onambambili/okubhalisaEsikhundleni salokho, iWindows isebenzisa okuhamba ngakubili kwe-ARM64X ngefomethi ye-PE uhlelo olungalayisha kuzo zombili izinqubo ze-x64 ne-ARM64 isuka endaweni eyodwa, ngaphandle kokuqondisa kabusha. Njengomphumela, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x64 zingakwazi ukufinyelela isistimu (amafayela nokubhalisa) ngaphandle kwekhodi ekhethekile.

Kukhona, nokho, umkhawulo obalulekile: Ukulingisa kuhlanganisa kuphela ikhodi yemodi yomsebenzisiNoma yini ehlobene ne-kernel (abashayeli, isibonelo) kufanele ihlanganiswe ku-ARM64. Yingakho i-hardware ethile endala noma ekhetheke kakhulu ingase idinge abashayeli abathile noma ikhishwe ngokuphelele.

Ukutholwa nokuziphatha: yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphansi kokulingisa "bona"

Uhlelo lwe-x86/x64, ngaphandle uma lubuzwa ngokucacile, alwazi ukuthi lusebenza kukhompyutha ye-Arm. Uma ubuza ama-API afana ne-IsWoW64Process2 noma i-GetMachineTypeAttributesIzohlonza amakhono omsingathi we-ARM64 kanye nokulingisa uqobo. Ngokuhambisana, i-GetNativeSystemInfo ibuyisela imininingwane yama-CPU alingisiwe lapho ecelwa kuhlelo lokusebenza olusebenzisa ukulingisa.

Lokhu kuvimbela izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ukuthi zingaphahlazeki ngenxa yokubona ngokweqile imvelo. Empeleni, uhlelo lokusebenza "lubona" ​​iphrosesa ebonakalayo efanelekile ukuze isetshenziswe, ngesethi yemiyalelo nemethadatha i-Prism enquma ukuyidalula kuye ngecala.

Yini entsha ku-Prism: imiyalo eminingi ye-CPU nokuhambisana okungcono

Esinye sezici ezintsha ezinamandla kakhulu siza ku-Insider builds of Windows 11 24H2, njenge-27744. I-Microsoft ivula usekelo lwezandiso ze-x86 ezicelwe kakhulu ngesofthiwe yesimanje: AVX, AVX2, BMI, FMA, ne-F16C, phakathi kwezinye. Lokhu kwenziwa yi-virtual CPU lezo izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilingisayo ze-x64 "zibone".

Kuyini? Imidlalo eyengeziwe namathuluzi okudala abekade engeke aphume phansi manje adlulisa okokuhlunga Ngoba azisahluleki ngenxa yezidingo ze-CPU. Lelo phutha elithi "AVX/AVX2 elilahlekile" elalivamise ukuvimba eminye imidlalo yevidiyo kanye namagumbi okuhlela seliba yinto yesikhathi esidlule ezimweni eziningi, njengoba kuboniswa ukuhlolwa kwe-Adobe Premiere Pro 25 ku-ARM.

I-nuance ebalulekile: Kwezinye izinguqulo zangaphambili, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x64 kuphela ezithola lezi zandiso ezintshaI-Microsoft icacise lokhu kumanothi okukhululwa 27744. Kokunye ukwakhiwa kwe-Insider, isilungiselelo "sokungena" sinikwe amandla ukuze izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ze-x86 (32-bit) nazo zikwazi ukufinyelela okunye kwalokhu kusekelwa okunwetshiwe kusuka ku-Property → Compatibility/Emulation. Uma uhlola izakhiwo ezihlukene, kuvamile ukuthola umehluko.

Inkampani icela abakwa-Insiders ukuthi babike ukwehla kanye nezinkinga zokuhambisana Ihabhu yempendulo (Win + F)esigabeni Sezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye negama elithile lesofthiwe ethintekile. Lena indlela yokuthuthukisa ukuhambisana ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwayo okuvamile.

I-Prism iqhathaniswa ne-Rosetta 2 kanye nendima ye-Copilot+ PC

IMicrosoft ayikufihli ugqozi lwayo: I-Prism "i-Rosetta 2" ye-WindowsI-Apple ibonise ngesendlalelo sayo sokuhumusha ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhiwo kungase kungabi nazihibe uma ihadiwe lizisekela. Manje, ngama-Copilot+ PC kanye nama-Snapdragon X chips, i-Microsoft ihlose umphumela ofanayo ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-Windows.

Inkampani ifinyelela ekufuneni lokho Ukulingisa kwayo kungase "kusebenze kahle njenge-Rosetta 2" Ize yathembisa ukusebenza ngokushesha ezimeni ezithile, nakuba lokhu kuncike kakhulu ku-hardware eqhathaniswayo kanye nohlobo lomthwalo. Okwamanje, kunengqondo ukulindela ukusebenza okuhlonipheke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziningi kanye nokusebenza okumangazayo ezinhlelweni zomdabu ze-ARM64, kodwa akukho okuthembisa izimangaliso zomhlaba wonke.

Ngaphandle kwesiqubulo, kuneqiniso elisebenzayo: Ukuhumusha nge-Prism ku-24H2 kuphakathi kuka-10 no-20% ngokushesha eqenjini elifanayoLokhu kuqinisa umuzwa we-fluidity futhi kunciphisa izingqinamba lapho ukuzizwisa kugoqeke ngaphansi kwesisindo sako.

Ukusebenza komhlaba wangempela, impilo yebhethri, nalapho kunemikhawulo

Ukusebenza ngaphansi kokulingisa kuncike ohlelweni lokusebenza nokuthi luklanywe kanjani. I-Prism yehlisa inhlawulo futhi, kwezinye izimo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilingisiwe zenza sengathi ezendabuko. kumadivayisi adlule we-x86 (cabanga nge-Surface Laptop 5 noma i-Surface Pro 9), ngenxa yokweqa ekusebenzeni kahle namandla e-Snapdragon X ngokwayo.

Mayelana nokuzimela, Windows 11 ku-Arm ifuna ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla Womabili amakhadi ezithombe zomdabu nalingiswa asetshenziswa. Impilo yebhethri, nokho, iyohlala incike emthwalweni wokusebenza: ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo, ukunikezwa, nokudlala kusala kuyizimo ezijulile ezisebenzisa amandla amaningi kunemisebenzi elula.

Kunemikhawulo ecacile: Ukulingisa akusekeli izishayeli noma izingxenye ze-kernelNgakho-ke, ama-peripheral athile amadala noma ama-niche kakhulu ancike kumkhiqizi onabashayeli be-ARM64. Futhi, ngokuhlobene, amanye amageyimu ane-anti-cheat angenayo inguqulo ye-ARM noma adinga i-OpenGL ngaphezu kuka-3.3 angase angasebenzi aze abuyekezwe.

Esigabeni sezokuphepha, Ukuhambisana ne-antivirus yenkampani yangaphandle sekuthuthukileNokho, kuyatuseka ukuhlola icala ngalinye. Ukuvikeleka kweWindows kuhlala kutholakala njengokumbozwa okugcwele uma umthengisi engakanikezi okuhamba ngakubili kwe-ARM64.

Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza esezivele ziyindabuko futhi kungani ungathanda ukufuduka?

Ukulingisa kuhle ukuqala ngakho, kodwa umkhathizwe kungokwangempela kwe-ARM64. I-Microsoft 365 (Amaqembu, i-PowerPoint, i-Outlook, i-Word, i-Excel, i-OneDrive ne-OneNote) manje isisebenzisa okomdabu, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile ezifana ne-Chrome, Spotify, Zoom, WhatsApp, Blender, Affinity Suite noma i-DaVinci Resolve, esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Futhi, I-Adobe ibilokhu yenza iminyakazo nge-Photoshop yomdabu, i-Lightroom, ne-Firefly.IMicrosoft imemezele izinhlobo ze-ARM zePremier Pro ne-Illustrator. I-Microsoft ilindele ukuthi cishe u-90% wokusetshenziswa okuphelele ekugcineni uzovela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu, ngenxa yamathuluzi athuthukisiwe, ama-SDK, nokusekelwa.

Konjiniyela, kunephuzu lobuchwepheshe elithokozisayo: I-ARM64EC ivumela ukuxuba okuhamba ngakubilingezigaba ze-x64 ezithathelwa indawo ngokuqhubekayo ikhodi ye-ARM64 ukuze kusheshiswe izingxenye ezibalulekile ngaphandle kokubhala kabusha yonke iphrojekthi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuyindlela engokoqobo yokufuduka kancane kancane.

Windows 11 24H2, Windows 10 ku-Arm kanye namahemuhemu "Windows 12".

Uma ubuzibuza ngohlelo lwe-Copilot+ PC: Kuyi-Windows 11 enezinguquko ezibalulekile ukusizakala ngehadiwe nezici ezintsha ze-AI. I-24H2 iyintuthuko enkulu kulokho; amahemuhemu okuthi "Windows 12" awasebenzi ngalesi sinyathelo.

Esithombeni esibanzi, IWindows 11 ku-Arm ilingisa i-x86 ne-x64Ngenkathi Windows 10 ku-Arm ihlala ku-x86. Uma usasebenza nayo Windows 10 ku-Arm, ukuthuthukela ku-Windows 11 I-24H2 ibalulekile ekusebenzisaneni, ukusebenza, kanye, vele, i-Prism.

Ukuhambisana, ama-peripheral, nobuchwepheshe obusizayo

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle, abalawuli kumele babe ARM64Amaphrinta nezikena ngokuvamile zisebenza uma umshayeli ehlanganiswe kukho Windows 11 noma uma umenzi ehlinzeka nge-Arm; uma kungenjalo, ungazama ukuyifaka kokuthi Izilungiselelo → Amaphrinta. Nokho, ezinye izingxenye ezifana neWindows Fax kanye neSkena zingase zingatholakali.

Ekwenzeni uhlelo ngokwezifiso, Ezinye izinsiza ezishintsha umuzwa weWindows (IME, amaklayenti wamafu anokuhlanganiswa okujulile) angase abe nokusebenza okulinganiselwe uma engalungiselelwe i-Arm64.

Mayelana nokufinyeleleka, umbono uyathuthuka: I-NVDA isivele isibuyekeze isifundi sesikrini sayo Windows 11 ku-Arm Futhi i-JAWS yengeza ukuhambisana. Isincomo esiphusile: thintana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthandayo losizo luyilungele i-Arm64.

Izimo zebhizinisi: Indawo ene-Snapdragon X kanye nokuthunyelwa kwenani elikhulu

I-Surface Pro (i-11th edition) ne-Surface Laptop (uhlelo lwesi-7) ene-Snapdragon X yakhelwe ukwenza ukugxuma ngaphandle kokuhlukumezeka. Banikeza ukusebenza, impilo yebhethri ende, nokuhambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu nezilingisiwe., ihlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo ne-Microsoft 365 kanye namanye amathuluzi okukhiqiza avamile.

Okwezinkampani, I-App iqinisekisa I-Microsoft FastTrack Isindisa impilo: isiza ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe (kumakhasimende anezinhlelo ezisebenzayo ze-Microsoft 365 noma ze-Windows) ukuxazulula amabhulokhi okusebenzisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ama-LOB angokwezifiso kanye nesofthiwe yenkampani yangaphandle, ama-macros, nezengezo.

Isu licacile: Sebenzisa i-Arm ngaphandle kokuyeka isisekelo sakho sesoftware esikhona, zuza ekuzilawuleni nasekusebenzeni, futhi, kwenzeka, iphusha abahlinzeki bakho ukuthi balethe izinguqulo ze-ARM64 esikhathini esifushane nesimaphakathi.

Ungakunika kanjani amandla (uma kutholakala) ukwesekwa okunwetshiwe ku-32-bit x86

Kwezinye izakhiwo ze-Insider, iMicrosoft yengeze ukulungiselelwa ukuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x86 (32-bit) ukuthi zisebenzise amakhono amasha e-CPU ngaphansi kokulingisa. Uma isakhiwo sakho sikuvumela, vula Izakhiwo Zohlelo Lokusebenza → Ukuhambelana/Ukulingisa ithebhu futhi unike amandla ukwesekwa okunwetshiwe. Uma unemibuzo, thintana nemibhalo yokwakha noma umphakathi.

Kunoma yikuphi, Zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-x64 zizuza ngokuzenzakalelayo kusethi yeziqondiso ezintsha kudalulwe yi-Prism lapho isekelwa khona. Uma ufuna ukuhlola ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza "lubona ini," izinsiza ezifana ne-Coreinfo64.exe zingabonisa izandiso ezitholiwe.

Ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kweSitolo seMicrosoft neminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Umbuzo wakudala: Ngingakwazi ukufaka izinhlelo ngaphandle kweSitolo? Yebo, Windows 11 ku-Arm ikuvumela ukuthi ufake futhi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Win32 zendabuko.Uma bengama-ARM64 bomdabu, baphelele; uma kungenjalo, i-Prism izodlala ukuze ilingise ngokusebenza okugculisayo okukhulayo.

Uma okuthile kungasebenzi, Okokuqala, qinisekisa abashayeli nokuncika. (ikakhulukazi uma idinga i-kernel), hlola ukuthi ingabe ikhona yini inguqulo ye-ARM64 noma ye-ARM64EC, bese ubika noma yikuphi ukuhlehla ku-Feedback Hub uma ungumuntu wangaphakathi. I-ecosystem ithuthuka ngokushesha; isibuyekezo ngasinye sithuthukisa isithombe sisonke.

Umgwaqo omude we-Windows on Arm kanye nendawo yokujika

IMicrosoft ibiphishekela ukusebenza kweWindows ku-Arm iminyaka. Ngemuva kwezithiyo ezifana ne-Surface RT, i-Copilot+ PC iphinda ivule lowo mnyango Ngehardware yokuncintisana nosendlalelo sokulingisa se-top-notch, uguquko lwe-Apple lubeke ibha phezulu kakhulu, futhi nge-Prism, i-Redmond ihlose ukufanisa lelo zinga ekusebenzeni nasekuhambisaneni.

Zisekhona izinselelo, kunjalo: I-Win32 ecosystem inkulu futhi ayifani.Ngezinkulungwane zabathuthukisi nezimo iMicrosoft engazi nakancane, ukuqinisekisa ukusekelwa okungu-100% kwekhathalogi yonke esikhathini esifushane akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, sonke isandiso esisha siyasekelwa, wonke umshayeli we-ARM64 okhululiwe, nalo lonke uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganiswe kabusha lwe-ARM64 lunciphisa ukungqubuzana.

Ngakho-ke, umyalezo okabili unengqondo: I-Prism ivala igebe namuhla ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza, ukudlala, nokudalaFuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhathalogi yomdabu ikhula isonto nesonto. Ngaleso sikhathi, intuthuko ku-24H2 kanye ne-Insider builds iyaqhubeka nokwandisa ububanzi bezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza ngaphandle kwanoma yimaphi amapeshi.

Ngokombono womsebenzisi, ozoqaphela ukuthi Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ebezidala izinkinga seziyaqala manje Futhi benza kangcono. Uma ithuluzi lakho elingukhiye selivele liyi-ARM64, lihle kakhulu; uma kungenjalo, i-Prism ikunikeza indawo yokuqhubeka ngaphandle kokushintsha ukuhamba kwakho komsebenzi.

Kuhle ukukhumbula imibono emine: Ukulingisa kuyazenzakalela futhi kuyingxenye yesistimuIzilawuli kumele zibe ngu-ARM64; Amabhanari we-x64 azuza ku-ARM64X ngokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo; nokuhambelana kwe-CPU (AVX/AVX2, BMI, FMA, F16C) kuza ekwakhiweni ukuze imidlalo eminingi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokudala zisebenze kahle. Ngalezi zingxenye, iWindows ku-Arm ekugcineni izizwa njengenkundla ongasebenza futhi uyijabulele ngaphandle kokuyekethisa okukhulu.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhambisana kwemidlalo emidala ku-Windows yesimanje

UmKristu garcia

Uzifela ngobuchwepheshe kusukela esemncane. Ngiyakuthanda ukwaziswa kwamuva kulo mkhakha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuxhumana nawo. Yingakho ngizinikele ekuxhumaneni kumawebhusayithi emidlalo yevidiyo iminyaka eminingi. Ungangithola ngibhala nge-Android, iWindows, iMacOS, i-iOS, iNintendo nanoma yisiphi esinye isihloko esihlobene esifika emqondweni.