Iyini i-XMP/EXPO nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngokuphepha

Lapho wakha i-PC, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa udidekile ngamagama afana nalawa I-XMP/EXPO, i-JEDEC noma amaphrofayili enkumbuloUbheka ibhokisi le-RAM yakho, ubone izinombolo ezinjengo-6000 MHz, CL30, 1,35 V… bese ungena ku-BIOS futhi yonke into ivela ku-4800 MHz. Ingabe ukhohlisiwe? Akunjalo: udinga nje ukunika amandla ubuchwepheshe obufanele.

Kulesi sihloko sizokwephula ngomoya ophansi lokho abayikho I-Intel XMP ne-AMD EXPO: ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, imuphi umehluko phakathi kwazo, nokuthi zisebenza kanjaniUmqondo uwukuba uqonde ukuthi kungani inkumbulo yakho ingasebenzi njengoba ikhangisiwe nokuthi yini okudingeka uyilungise (ngaphandle kokumosha izinto) ukuze uthole lawo ma-megahertz engeziwe owakhokhele.

Iyini i-JEDEC futhi kungani i-RAM yakho "ihamba kancane" kunalokho ekushoyo ebhokisini?

Uma ufaka i-memory kit kukhompyutha yakho, ukucushwa okujwayelekile okuchazwa yi- I-JEDEC, inhlangano esetha ukucaciswa okusemthethweni kwe-RAMLokhu kucaciswa kusetha amafrikhwensi "aphephile", ama-voltage, kanye nokubambezeleka okufanele kukwazi ukukusingathwa yinoma iyiphi ibhodi le-motherboard nephrosesa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Yingakho uzobona izithenjwa ezifana I-DDR4-2133, DDR4-2666 noma i-DDR5-4800Lezi izivinini eziyisisekelo ezijwayelekile, ezihambisana cishe nayo yonke into. Amamojula afaka amaphrofayili ambalwa e-JEDEC anemvamisa ehlukile yokulondolozwa kanye namanani esikhathi ku-chip yawo ye-SPD (Serial Presence Detect).

Iqhinga liwukuthi amakhithi amaningi asebenza kahle kakhulu akhangisa, isibonelo, I-DDR5-6000 CL30 noma i-DDR4-3600 CL16Kodwa lezo zibalo akuzona ezamaphrofayili e-JEDEC, kodwa okokulungiselelwa kwe-overclocking okunolaka okugcinwa ngokuhlukene kusetshenziswa i-XMP noma i-EXPO.

Uma ungenzi noma yimaphi kulawa maphrofayela athuthukile, i-motherboard izohlala "kuphrofayela ephephile" ye-JEDEC futhi inkumbulo yakho izothinteka. Izosebenza ngesivinini esiphansi noma nge-latency encane. Lokhu kuphambene nalokho okubonisa ukumaketha komkhiqizi. Akusona isici; kungukuziphatha okuhlosiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuqalisa nokuhambisana kunoma iyiphi ingxenyekazi.

Iyini i-Intel XMP (Iphrofayili Yenkumbulo Edlulele)?

Intel XMP, isifinyezo se Iphrofayela ye-Intel eXtreme MemoryKuwubuchwepheshe obudalwe yi-Intel obukuvumela ukuthi ugcine amaphrofayili ambalwa aqinisekisiwe we-overclocking ku-RAM ngokwayo: imvamisa, ukubambezeleka kanye nama-voltages alungele ukusebenza ngokuchofoza okumbalwa ku-BIOS.

Umbono ulula: esikhundleni sokuthi umsebenzisi azifakele mathupha isikhathi kanye ne-voltage ngayinye, imojula ifaka iphrofayili eyodwa noma amaningi e-XMP ahlolwe ngaphambilini. Ukuwenza asebenze kuvumela ibhodi lomama ukuthi lilungise izilungiselelo ngendlela efanele. Ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke imingcele yememori. kumanani aboniswe umenzi wekhithi.

Lawa maphrofayili enza inqubo yokuqinisekisa: umhlanganisi we-RAM uyawahlola kahle, futhi esimweni se-XMP, abuye ahlolwe ngokumelene nezidingo ze-Intel. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi, ngokombono, inkumbulo Kufanele isebenze ngokuzinza kulawo maza kanye nama-latencies. inqobo nje uma isilawuli sememori ye-CPU kanye nebhodi lomama kuyayisekela.

I-Intel XMP iyi-a izinga lobunikazi kanye nomthombo ovaliweNakuba i-Intel ingavamisile ukukhokhisa imali yelayisense eqondile yemojuli ngayinye, inqubo yesitifiketi ilawulwa inkampani futhi imininingwane yokuqinisekisa ayikho esidlangalaleni.

Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, i-XMP iye yashintsha yaba izinguqulo eziningana, ezihambisana nezizukulwane ezahlukene zememori ye-DDR, futhi namuhla izinga le-de facto kumamojula asebenza kahle kakhulu kokubili i-DDR4 ne-DDR5.

Ukuvela kwe-XMP: ukusuka ku-DDR3 kuya ku-DDR5

Amaphrofayili okuqala e-XMP avele cishe ngo-2007, lapho i- Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-DDR3Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ukweqisa kwe-RAM kwakusho ukungena ku-BIOS, ukuhlola amaza, ukuzilungisa izikhathi, ukusebenzisa i-voltage ethe xaxa… kanye nokweqa iminwe yakho. I-XMP 1.0 ivumele imojula ngokwayo ukuthi ize nokucushwa okukodwa noma okubili “okulungele ukusetshenziswa”.

Lapho kufika I-DDR4 cishe ngo-2014I-Intel yethule i-XMP 2.0. Lokhu okujwayelekile kwandise amathuba okucupha, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenzisana phakathi kwama-motherboard nama-memory kits, futhi kugcinwe umgomo omaphakathi: wokuthi noma yimuphi umsebenzisi angakwazi. Vula amandla eqiniso e-RAM yakho ngaphandle kokuba uchwepheshe we-overclocking.

Ukugxuma okukhulu kwafika ukufika kwe-DDR5 kanye namaphrosesa we-Intel Alder Lake (isizukulwane se-12). Ivele ngo-2021. I-XMP 3.0Lokhu kuvumele amaphrofayili afika kwayisihlanu ukuthi afakwe kumojula: amathathu achazwe umenzi futhi amabili ahlelwa umsebenzisi. Lawa maphrofayili ngokwezifiso angadalwa, alungiswe, futhi alondolozwe ngqo ku-RAM ngokwayo.

Ngenxa ye-XMP 3.0, amakhithi amaningi e-DDR5 aqinisekisiwe akhangisa amaza phezulu kakhulu, ngaphezu kuka-5600, 6400 ngisho no-8000 MT/sKunikezwe ipulatifomu (i-CPU nebhodi lomama) likuvumela. Abakhiqizi bakhetha ama-chips ekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuhlelwa okunolaka, nokho okuzinzile, ukucupha.

Kafushane, amaphrofayili e-XMP ayindlela ejwayelekile ku-Intel (nakumabhodi omama we-AMD amaningi ngokuhumusha kwangaphakathi) inkumbulo overclocking ngokuzenzakalelayoukwenza kufinyeleleke into ebikade ikhethekile kubathandi abaphambili kakhulu.

Iyini i-AMD EXPO (Amaphrofayili Anwetshiwe Okweqisa)

Ngokufika kwamaphrosesa I-AMD Ryzen 7000 kanye nesiteji se-AM5I-AMD inqume ukuyeka ukuthembela “ekuhumushweni” kwe-XMP futhi yethula indinganiso yayo yephrofayili yenkumbulo ye-DDR5: I-AMD EXPO, emfushane yamaphrofayili Anwetshiwe Wokweqisa.

Empeleni, i-EXPO yenza into efanayo ne-XMP: igcina iphrofayili eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ku-RAM echazayo. Imvamisa, ukubambezeleka, kanye ne-voltage elungiselelwe ama-AMD processorsNgokuzinika amandla ku-BIOS/UEFI, i-motherboard imisa ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke imingcele ukuze ithole ukusebenza okwengeziwe kumemori kalula.

Umehluko oyinhloko yilokho I-AMD EXPO iyindinganiso evulekile, engenazo izinzuzo zasebukhosiniNoma yimuphi umkhiqizi wememori angasebenzisa i-EXPO ngaphandle kokukhokha amalayisense ku-AMD, futhi idatha yokuqinisekisa imojula (uma ishicilelwa umenzi) isobala futhi iyafinyeleleka.

I-EXPO yaklanywa kusukela ekuqaleni nge-DDR5 kanye nesakhiwo se-Ryzen processors yesimanje engqondweni: isilawuli sememori esihlanganisiwe, Infinity Fabric, ubudlelwano phakathi kwemvamisa yenkumbulo nebhasi yangaphakathi, njll. Ngakho-ke, amaphrofayili e-EXPO ngokuvamile ashunwa ukuze anikeze ibhalansi enhle kakhulu phakathi imvamisa, ukubambezeleka, kanye nokuzinza kumapulatifomu e-AMD.

Kusukela namuhla, i-EXPO itholakala kuphela e- DDR5 amamojulaNgeke uthole i-DDR3 noma i-DDR4 nalesi sitifiketi, kuyilapho i-XMP ikhona kuzo zonke izizukulwane ezintathu (DDR3, DDR4, kanye ne-DDR5).

Umehluko we-XMP/EXPO

Yize ekusebenzeni bobabili ubuchwepheshe buhlose into efanayo - ukweqa i-RAM kalula - kukhona ama-nuances abalulekile phakathi kwabo. I-XMP kanye ne-EXPO ebalulekile ukuyiqonda kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzothenga inkumbulo entsha noma wakhe i-PC kusukela ekuqaleni.

• I-trajectory kanye ne-ecosystemI-XMP isineminyaka engaphezu kweshumi isemakethe futhi ikhona ku-DDR3, DDR4, kanye ne-DDR5 kits ezingenakubalwa. I-EXPO, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isanda kwenzeka futhi ikhishwe nge-DDR5 ne-Ryzen 7000, nakuba ukwamukelwa kwayo kukhula ngokushesha.
• Ubunjalo bezingaI-XMP ivaliwe: inqubo yesitifiketi ilawulwa yi-Intel, futhi imininingwane yangaphakathi ayenziwa esidlangalaleni. I-EXPO ivuliwe: abakhiqizi bangayisebenzisa ngokukhululeka, futhi imininingwane yephrofayili ingabhalwa phansi futhi ithintwe ngaphandle kwe-AMD.
• Ukuhambisana nokwenza kahleIkhithi ye-XMP ivamise ukusebenza kuma-Intel motherboards futhi, ngobuchwepheshe obufana ne-DOCP (ASUS), EOCP (GIGABYTE), noma i-A-XMP (MSI), futhi kumabhodi omama we-AMD amaningi, nakuba kungenakho ukucushwa okufanele kwe-Ryzen njalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhithi e-EXPO aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile amabhodi omama we-AMD asekelwa i-DDR5, futhi ngokombono, angasetshenziswa kumapulatifomu e-Intel uma umenzi webhodi lomama esebenzisa ukusekelwa, kodwa lokhu akuvamile futhi akuqinisekisiwe.

Empeleni, uzobona amakhithi e-DDR5 akhangisa i-XMP kuphela, amanye akhangisa kuphela i-EXPO, nokunye okuningi okuhlanganisa Amaphrofayili amabili we-XMP/EXPO kumojula efanayo. Lokhu kuyathakazelisa ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukushintsha amapulatifomu esikhathini esizayo noma ufuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu.

Uyenza kanjani iphrofayili ye-Intel XMP noma ye-AMD EXPO ku-BIOS/UEFI

Ukwenza kusebenze i-XMP noma i-EXPO cishe kwenziwa njalo kusukela ku- I-motherboard BIOS noma i-UEFIInqubo iyahluka kancane kuye ngomkhiqizi, kodwa ingqondo iyafana kuzo zonke izimo futhi iqedwa ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa.

1. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukufaka i-BIOS ngesikhathi ikhompyutha iqala.Ngokuvamile, ukucindezela u-Delete, F2, Esc, noma omunye ukhiye okhonjiswe ibhodi lakho lomama kuzokwanela, ngemva nje kokuvula ikhompuyutha yakho nangaphambi kokuba uhlelo lokusebenza lulayishe. Uma ungaqiniseki, imanuwali yakho yebhodi lomama izocacisa ukhiye olungile.
2. Uma usungaphakathi, amabhodi amaningi aqala abonisa "Imodi Elula" enezinketho ezivame kakhulu. Kule modi, okufakiwe okubonakalayo okufana ne-“XMP”, “A-XMP”, “EXPO”, “DOCP”, noma “OC Tweaker” ngokuvamile kuzovela. Kulawa mamenyu, ungakhetha iphrofayela ofuna ukuyisebenzisa (i-XMP Profile 1, i-XMP Profile 2, i-EXPO I, i-EXPO II, njll.).
3. Uma i-BIOS yakho ingenayo imodi eyenziwe lula, kuzodingeka uye ezigabeni ezifana ne-Ai Tweaker, Extreme Tweaker, OC, Advanced, noma ezifanayo. bese ubheka isigaba esinikezelwe ku-RAM. Lapho uzothola inketho yokuvumela amaphrofayili we-RAM overclocking bese ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi ozoyisebenzisa.
4. Ngemuva kokukhetha iphrofayili oyifunayo, okusele ukugcina izinguquko bese uqala kabusha.Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokucindezela okuthi F10 noma ngokufaka imenyu ethi Gcina & Phuma. Lapho iqalisa kabusha, i-RAM kufanele isebenze ngefrikhwensi nokubambezeleka okuchazwe yileyo phrofayela, inqobo nje uma inhlanganisela ye-CPU-motherboard iyisekela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe ukuphatha amaphrofayili ememori

Nakuba kunconywa ukuthi ulungise le mingcele usebenzisa i-BIOS/UEFI, kwezinye izimo ungakwazi futhi ukuphatha amaphrofayili ememori usebenzisa isofthiwe ohlelweni lokusebenza. Ku-ecosystem ye-AMD, ithuluzi elaziwa kakhulu... I-Ryzen Master.

I-Ryzen Master ikuvumela ukuthi uguqule izici ezithile zokucushwa kwephrosesa futhi, kwezinye izinguqulo, futhi. Lungisa isivinini sememori futhi usebenzise izilungiselelo ezisuselwe ku-EXPO ngaphandle kokufinyelela ngokuqondile i-BIOS. Noma kunjalo, noma yiziphi izinguquko ezibalulekile ezikhathini naku-voltage ngokuvamile zisadinga ukubuyekezwa kwe-firmware ye-motherboard.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi usebenzisa yiphi indlela, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola amanani asetshenzisiwe kamuva nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifana I-CPU-Z, i-HWiNFO, noma i-Windows Task Manager, lapho ungabona khona ifrikhwensi esebenzayo (“Isivinini Senkumbulo”) bese uqinisekisa ukuthi iphrofayili iyasebenza.

Uma uhlangabezana nokuphahlazeka, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ukuqalisa kabusha ngemva kokuvula iphrofayela enolaka kakhulu, ungabuyela ku-BIOS futhi shintshela kuphrofayela ethambile noma ubuyele kumanani e-JEDEC uze uthole iphoyinti elizinzile lehadiwe yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ku-DDR5, amaphrofayili aphezulu ngokuvamile ahloselwe ukucushwa kwamamojula amabiliUma ugcwalisa wonke amabhange amane, ibhodi lingase linciphise ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa noma iphrofayili eyedlulele ingase ingazinzi.

I-XMP ne-EXPO iyahambisana namabhodi omama namaphrosesa

Ukuze usebenzise lawa maphrofayili, udinga izingcezu ezintathu ukuze uqondanise: Amamojula we-RAM ane-XMP/EXPO, i-motherboard ehambisanayo, kanye ne-CPU isilawuli sayo senkumbulo esisekela lawo mazaUma noma yikuphi kokuthathu kusilela, iphrofayili ingase ingasebenzi noma ingase isebenze ngokungazinzi.

Akuwona wonke ama-chipset e-Intel empeleni avumela ukweqiwa kwememori. Ama-chipsets aphakathi kuya phezulu afana B560, Z590, B660, Z690, B760, Z790 futhi afanayo ayayisekela, kuyilapho ama-chipset ayisisekelo afana ne-H510 noma i-H610 ngokuvamile ekhawulela i-RAM ekucacisweni kwe-JEDEC noma umkhawulo omncane kakhulu.

Ku-AMD, wonke amabhodi omama we-AM5 aklanyelwe i-Ryzen 7000 esekela i-EXPO, kodwa udinga ukuhlola uhlu oluhambisana nebhodi lomama (QVL) ukubona ukuthi yimaphi amakhithi asehloliwe nokuthi yiziphi isivinini esikhulu esizinzile ngokusemthethweni.

Olunye udaba olubalulekile ukuhambisana: amakhithi amaningi ane-XMP asebenza kumabhodi omama we-AMD ngenxa yokuhumusha okufana ne-DOCP noma i-A-XMP, kodwa lokho akusho lokho. ukucushwa kulungile ku-RyzenNgokufanayo, amanye amabhodi omama we-Intel angase aqonde i-EXPO, kodwa akuqinisekisiwe noma kubaluleke ngokusemthethweni ku-Intel.

Isimo esihle, uma ufuna ukugwema ikhanda, ukukhetha I-RAM iqinisekiselwe ingxenyekazi yakhoI-XMP yohlelo lwe-Intel, i-EXPO yohlelo olune-Ryzen 7000 ne-DDR5, noma ikhithi ye-XMP+EXPO ekabili uma ufuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu phakathi kwemihlaba yomibili.

Ubungozi, ukuzinza, kanye nesiqinisekiso uma usebenzisa i-XMP noma i-EXPO

Umbuzo ovame kakhulu ukuthi ukwenza lawa maphrofayili "kungakwazi yini ukuphula" idivayisi noma kuqede iwaranti. Ngokwemibandela esebenzayo, i-XMP ne-EXPO iyacatshangelwa i-overclocking esekelwa umenzi wememori futhi, ezimweni eziningi, yilezo zebhodi lomama ne-CPU.

Amamojula athengiswe nalokhu kucaciswa abekade ekhona ihlolwe kahle kumafrikhwensi akhangisiwe nama-voltageLokho akusho ukuthi yonke isistimu izozinza ngo-100% ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, kodwa kusho ukuthi amanani angaphakathi kwemikhawulo enengqondo yokusetshenziswa okuvamile kwansuku zonke.

Uma kuphakama izinkinga zokungaqini lapho kucushwa iphrofayili (amakhodi ephutha enkumbulo, izihibe zokuqalisa, njll.), ngokuvamile zixazululwa nge- Ukuvuselelwa kwe-BIOS/UEFI lokho kuthuthukisa "ukuqeqeshwa" kwenkumbulo, ikakhulukazi kumapulatifomu amasha afana ne-AM5.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi lokho Akuwona wonke ama-motherboards asekela amafrikhwensi afanayo aphezulu.Iphrofayela ingase isebenze kahle kumodeli ethile ethile kodwa ibe yinkinga kweyokugcina ephansi. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola i-QVL yebhodi lomama kanye nemibhalo yomkhiqizi wekhithi.

Mayelana neziqinisekiso, ukusebenzisa i-XMP noma i-EXPO ngaphakathi kwemingcele echazwe yimojula ngokuvamile akubangeli zinkinga. Kodwa-ke, ama-voltage okwandisa mathupha ngaphezu kwamazinga anconyiwe kuyindaba ehlukile; yilapho ungena khona endaweni ye-overclocking yezandla enolaka, nezingozi ezihambisana nakho.

Ukuqonda ukuthi i-XMP ne-EXPO zisebenza kanjani zikuvumela ukuthi usuke ekubeni nenkumbulo “emaphakathi” uye ekuyiguquleni isetshenziswe ngokugcwele ingxenye esebenza kahle kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuthi ubambene nenqwaba yamapharamitha afihlekile futhi ngaphandle kwengozi engaphezu kokuchitha imizuzu embalwa ulungiselela okokusebenza kwakho ngendlela efanele.