Iyini i-Genesis Mission futhi kungani ikhathaza iYurophu?

Ikholi Genesis MissionLe phrojekthi, esanda kwethulwa yi-White House, isibe indikimba yenkulumompikiswano yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, isayensi, namandla ezepolitiki. Iphrojekthi ihlose hlela kabusha indlela ulwazi lwesayensi olukhiqizwa ngayo e-United Statesfuthi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuze ukusetha ijubane lomhlaba wonke emjahweni wokubusa emhlabeni jikelele kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ngenkathi ngiseWashington kukhulunywa ngokuthi a umzamo ohambisana nezigigaba ezinkulu zekhulu lama-20EYurophu—ikakhulukazi eSpain—abantu babhekisisa ngentshiseko exubile, ngokuqapha, futhi abanye bayathukuthela ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani. ukuzibophezela okukhulu ku-AI kusetshenziswe kwisayensi Ingachaza kabusha ukuthi ubani ohola umnotho wolwazi emashumini eminyaka ezayo.

Iyini ngempela i-Genesis Mission?

I-Genesis Mission iyi-oda eliphezulu elisayinwe nguMongameli waseMelika uDonald Trump elihlongozayo umzamo kazwelonke odidiyelwe wokusebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kwesayensiAbaphathi ngokwabo bayichaza njengephrojekthi "eqhathaniswa ngokuphuthumayo kanye nesifiso sokuvelela seManhattan Project," uhlelo oluyimfihlo olwaholela ebhomu le-athomu lokuqala, futhi "ukugqugquzelwa okukhulu kwezinsiza zesayensi yenhlangano kusukela ohlelweni lwe-Apollo".

Lena akuyona ilabhorethri entsha noma isikhungo socwaningo esisodwa, kodwa kunalokho idatha, ikhompuyutha, kanye nesakhiwo sobambiswano esiklanyelwe ukuguqula isistimu yesayensi yase-US.

Umqondo oyisisekelo uwukudala uhlobo lwe "ubuchopho besayensi" kazwelonke: ukuhlanganisa yonke idatha yesayensi ekhiqizwe ngezimali zomphakathi ibe yipulatifomu eyodwa, ukuyixhumanisa namandla ama-supercomputer kahulumeni woMnyango Wezamandla, kanye nokwengeza amandla okucwaninga amanyuvesi, amalabhorethri kazwelonke, kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe.

Inhloso eshiwo ngu ukusheshisa okutholakele emikhakheni efana ne-biomedicineamandla, izinto ezintsha, amarobhothi, noma i-quantum computing, kusetshenziswa Amamodeli e-AI athuthukisiwe akwazi ukubona amaphethini, aphakamise imibono ecatshangelwayo, kanye nokuthuthukisa izinqubo ngezinga elingenakwenzeka emaqenjini abantu. ngokwabo.

Ngokwamazwi abagqugquzeli bawo, ubukhulu balo msebenzi bungase bubangele okwangempela "inguquko yezimboni yolwazi"Ngokuhlanganisa amashumi eminyaka edatha ehlakazekile nokuyihlanganisa namandla e-supercomputing namamodeli e-AI yesimanje, inhloso ukufinyeza kakhulu izikhathi zocwaningo lwesayensi: lokho manje okuthatha iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka ukutholwa kungancishiswa, okungenani ngokombono, kube yizinyanga ezimbalwa.

Inkundla emaphakathi enkonzweni ye-AI

Umyalelo wesigungu uveza a inkundla yenhlangano yobudlelwano phakathi komphakathi nezizimele okubeka izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe enhliziyweni yephrojekthi. Izinkampani ezifana ne-OpenAI, i-Google, i-Microsoft, i-Meta, i-Anthropic, i-Nvidia, ne-SpaceX ziphakathi kozakwethu abathandwayo, kokubili ukunikeza ingqalasizinda yekhompyutha nobuchwepheshe be-AI kanye nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zesayensi ezithuthukisiwe ezisekelwe kuma-ejenti wesizukulwane esilandelayo nabasizi.

Uhlelo lubandakanya hlanganisa imininingo egciniwe yesayensi exhaswe uhulumeni Futhi ngokuhlanganisa amandla ekhompuyutha we-17 US National Laboratories, kanye nezikhungo zedatha eziqhutshwa izinkampani ezinkulu kulo mkhakha. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukugxilisa ingxenye enkulu yedatha yesu lase-US—kusuka kumaphrojekthi wezempilo ne-biotechnology kuya ekulingiseni isimo sezulu, ucwaningo lwamandla, kanye nokuhlolwa kwefiziksi yamandla amakhulu—kube isakhiwo se-AI esisodwa.

Le ngqalasizinda entsha izoncika esizukulwaneni esilandelayo se Ama-agent we-AI nabasiziLezi zinhlelo ziyakwazi ukwenza ukulandelana kwemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokungenelela kwabantu okuncane. Ngalé kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke—njengokuphatha ukubhukha noma izinqubo zokusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo—zizosatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinomthelela omkhulu: ukuklama imithi emisha, ukuthola izinto ezibangela izimboni, ukuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi wamandla, nokubikezela inhlekelele yemvelo okuthuthukisiwe, phakathi kweminye imikhakha.

Umyalelo ngokwawo uthi kuzoba uhulumeni wobumbano lokho Khetha izinkampani ezizobamba iqhazaNquma ukufinyelela kudatha nengqalasizinda futhi uchaze izinqubomgomo eziphathelene nempahla yengqondo, amalayisense, izimfihlo zohwebo, nezindlela zokuthengisa zemiphumela. Ngale ndlela, i-Genesis Mission nayo isebenza njenge inqubomgomo yezimboni enamandla, esongwe enkulumweni yezokuphepha kazwelonke, eqinisa isikhundla sezinkampani ezimbalwa futhi ihlanganise ithonya lazo phezu kwe-ecosystem yaseMelika yesayensi nobuchwepheshe.

Ukuncintisana ngokumelene neShayina kanye nengozi yokugxila kwamandla

I-Genesis Mission yakhiwe ngokusobala ngaphakathi kwe ukuncintisana kwamasu neChina ngokubusa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. I-oda ngokwalo likwenza kucace lokhu: i-United States izithatha njengesemjahweni wobuholi bomhlaba wonke ku-AI futhi ibona isinyathelo njengempendulo ekuthuthukeni okusheshayo komdondoshiya wase-Asia, kokubili ekuphumeni kwesayensi namalungelo obunikazi, kanye nakumarobhothi, ukuhamba okuzimele, kanye nezinhlelo ze-AI ezihlanganiswe embonini nengqalasizinda.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-China ifake amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamarobhothi ezimboni afakwe izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile futhi yakha amamodeli e-AI okuthi, ngokusho kwabanye abahlaziyi, Baye benza njenge "Sputnik" yezobuchwepheshe. ngokubonisa ukuthi izakhiwo ezivulekile zingadlula ezivaliwe. Imikhawulo ebekwe ososayensi nezinkampani zaseShayina ikhuthaze ukuqiniswa kohlelo lokuziphilisa lokuzimela, manje oluqhudelana ngamakhanda nabadlali abakhulu baseMelika nabaseYurophu.

Kulowo mongo, i-Genesis Mission ihunyushwa njengendlela hlanganisa kabusha izinsiza zomphakathi nezizimele Ukugcina inzuzo yase-US futhi, ngenhlanhla, kusimame umnotho oncike kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali okucatshangelwayo ku-AI. Izinkampani eziyisikhombisa ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ziphethe imali yemakethe kazwelonke neyomhlaba wonke, ngezilinganiso ezikhuphuke kakhulu ngenxa yokubheja kwazo ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nezikhungo zedatha ezinkulu ezakhayo. Inkinga ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yalokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kusamele ihumushele enzuzweni ecacile, ochwepheshe abaningi abayichaza njengebhamuza elisha elikhumbuza ibhamuza le-dot-com.

Ngaphandle kobukhulu bezomnotho, iphrojekthi ivula ingaphambili elithambile: ukugxila kwamandla esayensi nedatha ezandleni zenani elincane kakhulu labalingisi. Noma ubani olawula inkundla ye-Genesis Mission, abanye abahlaziyi bayaphikisana, uzolawula lokho okucwaningwayo, okubekwe eqhulwini, nalokho okuhlala kufihliwe. Futhi emhlabeni lapho ulwazi luyinjini eyinhloko yezomnotho kanye ne-geopolitical, lawo mandla okuthatha izinqumo alingana kakhulu nokulawula izintambo ezibalulekile zamandla omhlaba.

Izixwayiso mayelana nokubusa, ukungafihli kanye nokuziphatha

Amazwi avela ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme kanye nomphakathi wesayensi yamazwe ngamazwe aseqalile ukugxila ezingozini ze- idatha emaphakathi kanye neplatifomu ye-AI mega ukuthi kuncike ezintshisakalweni zezombangazwe nezinkampani zezwe elilodwa. Ukwesaba ukuthi, ngaphansi kwesithembiso sokufinyelela olwazini ngentando yeningi, ukugxila okukhulu kwamandla esayensi emlandweni wakamuva kuzogcina kuhlanganiswe, namandla okuqondisa i-ajenda yocwaningo lomhlaba wonke.

Ababhali abafunde i ubuhlakani obuhlangene kanye nezinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe Baveza ukuthi lapho ukwaziswa kugxiliswe ezandleni ezimbalwa, kuvuleka izikhala ezijulile phakathi kwalabo abalawula ukwaziswa nalabo abathembele kukho.Esikhundleni sokukhuthaza imvelo evulekile nesebenzisanayo, ubungozi budala "izingwadule zolwazi" ezifundeni ezinkulu zomhlaba, lapho izikhungo zintula khona ukufinyelela kwangempela kudatha namandla ekhompyutha adingekayo ukuze kuqhudelane endaweni yokudlala.

Ngokombono wendlela yesayensi, kuphakama imibuzo eyisisekelo. Isayensi ayikona nje ukuthola amaphethini kuzinqolobane ezinkulu; kuyafuna thola okudidayo, buza imibono yangaphambilini, khetha phakathi kwemibono ephikisanayo kanye nokukholisa umphakathi wochwepheshe ngengxoxo evulelekile nokubuyekezwa kontanga. Ukudlulisa amandla amaningi okwenza izinqumo ezinhlelweni ze-AI ezingacacile, eziqeqeshwe ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini, kungaqinisa izinkambu ezimisiwe futhi kusibekele imibono esafufusa, ngokuvamile eqala ngedatha encane, izingcaphuno ezimbalwa, kanye noxhaso oluncane.

Abacwaningi abafana no-Akhil Bharwaj baveza ukuthi izindaba zempumelelo ezinkulu ku-AI yesayensi, njenge-AlphaFold ku-structural biology, zisebenza ngoba Ahlanganiswe nemvelo eholwa ngabantulapho amaqembu abantu eqondisa, eqinisekisa, futhi elungisa. Isiphakamiso sabo sicacile: I-Genesis Mission kufanele icabange nge-AI njengesethi yamathuluzi anamandla emsebenzini womphakathi wesayensihhayi njengomshayeli wendiza ozenzakalelayo owenza izinqumo mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele ayiphenye, ukuthi ahumushe kanjani imiphumela, noma ukuthi yini okufanele ayihumushe ibe yinqubomgomo yomphakathi.

Ngokufanayo, ochwepheshe be-nanotechnology nokudlulisa ubuchwepheshe bayakugcizelela lokho isinqumo sokugcina salokho okumele kuphenywe nokuthi kuzosetshenziswa kanjani okutholakele kumele ihlale ezandleni zabantu. Ukunikeza imisebenzi ebucayi kumamodeli angacacile kungakhuthaza amaphutha acashile, “imibono engelona iqiniso,” noma ukuchema okuthi, lapho sekusatshalaliswe ezincwadini, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukukulungisa. Ukunyuka kwalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “I-AI Slop"-okuqukethwe kwesayensi kwekhwalithi ephansi okukhiqizwa i-AI- kubonisa ubukhulu benkinga."

Njengoba sibhekene nalesi simo, ikhambi elihlongozwe ososayensi abaningi lihilela ukuqinisa Isayensi evulekile, ukulandeleka, nokucwaninga okuzimele yezinhlelo ze-AI ezisetshenziswa ocwaningweni. Kufunwa ukuthi amamodeli, idatha, kanye nezinqubo zokuthatha izinqumo zifundeke, kube nemithetho ecacile yokubusa komphakathi kanye nezindlela eziphumelelayo zokulawula intando yeningi, ukuze izithakazelo ezizimele zingakwazi ukuphoqa buthule i-ajenda yazo phezu kokuhle.

Impendulo yaseYurophu: imodeli yayo yesayensi ye-AI

E-Europe, ukwethulwa kwe-Genesis Mission kuvuselele impikiswano mayelana neqhaza lezwekazi emjahweni womhlaba wonke we-AI. Kubacwaningi abafana UJavier García Martínez, umqondisi we-Molecular Nanotechnology Laboratory eNyuvesi yase-Alicante kanye nesiphathimandla samazwe ngamazwe sokudluliswa kobuchwepheshe, “I-Europe ayinakukwazi ukuhlehla, ngoba ikusasa lethu lezomnotho lincike ebuholini be-AI.Iphuzu, uyalicacisa, akukona ukukopisha isinyathelo saseMelika, kodwa klama isu elikhulu laseYurophu elihambisana namagugu alo.

IKhomishini yaseYurophu isiqalile ukwenza izinyathelo ngemephu yomgwaqo enamachaphaza amabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, Ukwandisa i-AI embonini nasekuphathweni komphakathi; komunye, ukwenza i-Europe ibe yisizinda samandla sesayensi esinamandla e-AIUmnyombo wale ngxenye yesayensi yi-RAISE, isikhungo esibonakalayo esinikezwe umsebenzi wokuxhumanisa idatha, amandla ekhompyutha, kanye nethalente ukuze Abacwaningi baseYurophu bangasebenzisa ngokugcwele ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ezindaweni ezifana nempilo, isimo sezulu, noma amandla.

Uhlelo lomphakathi lubona kusengaphambili ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe Ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-58 ukuheha nokugcina ochwepheshe be-AI, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwabacwaningi kanye nokuqalwa kwamakhompiyutha amakhulu kanye "nama-AI gigafactories" azayo, kanye Ukuphindwa kabili komzamo we-AI wonyaka ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-Horizon Europe, ukuthi Lokhu kuzodlula ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathuOkunye okubekwe eqhulwini ukukhomba izikhala zedatha yamasu nokwakha amasethi edatha eqophelo eliphezulu i-AI yesayensi edinga ukuthi ibe usizo futhi ithembeke.

UGarcía Martínez, owahlela umbiko Imephu yomgwaqo yokuqamba izinto ezikhathini ezinzima (INTEC 2025) Ku-Rafael del Pino Foundation, kuyagcizelelwa ukuthi i-AI ibe yitshe lesisekelo lezindawo eziningi zocwaningo amashumi eminyaka. Kusukela kumabonakude amakhulu kuya kuma-accelerator ezinhlayiyana, amaqembu esayensi Bakhiqiza amavolumu angalawuleki wedatha ngaphandle kwama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbiokuvumela ukutholwa kwamaphethini, ukulingisa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokusheshisa uguquko olusuka kokutholakele luye emakethe.

Izibonelo ziyanda: ngenxa ye-AI, i-abaucine itholakele, enye yama-antibiotic ambalwa akwazi ukulwa nesinye sezimbungulu okuyinto i-WHO eyibheka njengosongo olubucayi ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nemithi ekhona. Emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha, izinkampani ezifana ne-Kebotix kanye nefemu yaseJalimane i-ExoMatter zisebenzisa amamodeli e-AI aqagelayo ukuze zihlonze izinto ezibangela izimboni, bese zilayisense ngokuqondile ezinkampanini, zifinyeze kakhulu imijikelezo yokuqamba izinto ezintsha. Lezi zinhlobo zamacala zibonisa ukuthi i-AI ayisheshi nje ukutholwa kwesayensi kuphela kodwa futhi iqinisa ukuncintisana kwalabo abayihlanganisa nezinqubo zabo.

Indima yeSpain kanye nesidingo sokusebenzisana

Enguqulweni okungenzeka yaseYurophu yeGenesis Mission, ISpain ingadlala indima ebalulekileUkuba khona kwengqalasizinda ye-supercomputing esezingeni lomhlaba, njenge-MareNostrum 5 e-Barcelona, ​​​​kubeka izwe sesimweni esihle sokuba ngenye yezindawo eziphambili zenethiwekhi ye-AI yaseYurophu esetshenziswa kwisayensi. Lokhu kuzonikeza amaqembu aseSpain nawaseYurophu ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zekhompuyutha ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezibalulekile ukuze aqhudelane namaphrojekthi amakhulu aseMelika naseShayina.

Nokho, ukuba namakhompyutha amakhulu akwanele. Inselele yangempela, njengoba ochwepheshe abaningana bebonisa, yile ukudidiyela ngempumelelo izinsiza, ithalente kanye namakhono esayensiI-Europe inabacwaningi abasezingeni eliphezulu, amanyuvesi aholayo kanye nezikhungo zobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa, kodwa imvamisa ihlushwa ukuhlukana, ukulawulwa ngokweqisa kanye nobunzima bokudlulisa okutholakele kusuka elabhorethri kuya emkhakheni okhiqizayo ngesivinini esifunwa ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke.

Intatheli kanye nesazi sezimiso ze-AI Idoia Salazar, umsunguli we-Observatory of the Social and Ethical Impact of Artificial Intelligence (OdiseIA), uphikelela ngokuthi "kungaba okungenangqondo ukungayisebenzisi ngokugcwele" i-AI esetshenziswe kudatha yaseYurophu. Njengoba echaza, I-Europe inamandla obuchwepheshe, ingqalasizinda, kanye nefa elibalulekile lesimilo okungaba wuhlaka olusebenzayo lokuthuthukisa isayensi enokwethenjelwa. Kodwa ukufeza lokhu, uyaxwayisa, kudingekile ukunciphisa izithiyo kanye ne-bureaucracy esavimbela amaphrojekthi amaningi, nokuzibophezela okucacile ku-AI okuqinisa ikhwalithi yesayensi yezwekazi.

USalazar nabanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi impumelelo yesu laseYurophu incike izakhiwo zokubusa ezisheshayoekwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesivinini lapho i-AI ishintsha khona. Amamodeli amanje, ngokusekelwe ezinkambisweni zendabuko kakhulu, ingozi yokwehluleka uma ingabuyekezwa ngokushesha. Esimeni lapho ama-ejenti e-AI ezozilawula ngokwandayo ekwenzeni imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, izinhlaka zokulawula nezokuqondisa azikwazi ukukhokhela ukuthi zihlale zisemuva ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa.

Sibheke kumishini yomhlaba wonke, evulekile futhi elawulwa ngentando yeningi

Ngokuphambene nendlela yaseMelika, ephawulwe ngokufakwa endaweni eyodwa kanye nobuholi bezinkampani ezimbalwa ezinkulu, abacwaningi abaningi baseYurophu baphikisa ngokuthi umgomo wolwazi lomhlaba wonke osekelwe ku-AI kufanele ube. ivulekile, ibambisane, ihlukaniselwe futhi iyasebenzisanaEsikhundleni se-megaplatform yezwe eyodwa, Bazibophezele kunethiwekhi yamazwe ngamazwe ehlanganisa amalabhorethri, amanyuvesi, izikhungo zomphakathi, nemiphakathi yesayensi ukwabelana ngedatha ngaphansi kwamazinga afanayo kanye nezinhlelo zokubusa ezisabalalisiwe.

Le modeli ingafanelana kangcono nesiko laseYurophu isayensi evulekile, ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo ayisisekelo kanye nokulawula intando yeningiUmqondo awukona ukulahla isifiso sokuvelela noma isikali, kodwa ukwakha enye indlela ehlanganisa amandla e-AI nezivikelo eziqinile zokubeka izinto obala, ukwengamela, kanye nokusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kwezinzuzo. Lokhu kusho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuthi izinqumo ezibalulekile mayelana nezinto eziza kuqala zocwaningo, ukusetshenziswa kwedatha ebucayi, noma ukuthengiswa kwemiphumela akufanele kushiywe ezandleni zeqembu elincane lezinkampani noma uhulumeni oyedwa.

Ngokungafani nendlela yaseMelika, ebonwa abaningi ngokuthi "noma yini eya" lapho Imigqa ebomvu ayihlali icacile.I-Europe inethuba lokunikeza indlela ehlukile, idonsa ekuhlangenwe nakho kwayo kokulawula kanye nesiko elazisa ibhalansi phakathi kokusungula izinto ezintsha namalungelo. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, imizamo yesayensi ye-AI yesikhathi esizayo ye-AI kufanele idinge amasistimu asobala, alandelekayo, futhi afundekayo, futhi imithetho yomdlalo kufanele ivimbele izintshisekelo zangasese ekuthonyeni ngokusobala i-ajenda yomhlaba.

Kuzo zombili i-US naseYurophu, ukhiye uzoba yilokho Vumela abantu banikeze isiqondiso, injongo, nohlaka lwezimiso zokuziphatha kubuhlakani bokwenziwa. Uma i-Genesis Mission igcina isisebenza njengogqozi emhlabeni wonke ukuthi uphishekele amaphrojekthi esayensi e-AI avulekile, anomthwalo wemfanelo, futhi ngokubambisana, isintu singase sisonqenqemeni lwezinga eliphezulu ekuqondeni nasekuguquleni iqiniso. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba uphawu olusha lwamandla agxilile nokungalingani ekufinyeleleni olwazini, ingozi iwukuthi inguquko enkulu elandelayo yezobuchwepheshe izoshiya abaningi ngemuva kunalokho esikucabangayo.