Liyini inani lamasheya?

Inani lesitoko liyinkinga ebalulekile emhlabeni wokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nezezimali. Kubatshalizimali, ukuqonda ukuthi zingakanani izitoko ezifanele yenkampani kungabaluleka lapho uthatha izinqumo mayelana nokuthenga, ukuthengisa noma ukuphatha isikhundla. Kulesi sihloko, sizophinde sihlole umqondo wenani lamasheya kanye nezindlela ezahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukulinquma. Ukwengeza, sizoxoxa ngezinto eziguquguqukayo ezibalulekile nezinkomba ezithonya lokhu kuhlola. Uma ufuna ukujula emhlabeni ohehayo wezezimali futhi uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi amanani esitoko abalwa kanjani, qhubeka funda!

1. Isingeniso sokulinganiswa kwesitoko: Sibiza malini isitoko?

Emhlabeni wezezimali, ukwazi ukubaluleka kwamasheya kubalulekile kubatshalizimali nabahlaziyi. Ukulinganiswa kwesitoko kusivumela ukuthi sinqume ukuthi sibiza malini emakethe, okubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo zokutshala izimali unolwazi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela nezindlela ezehlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukubala inani lesitoko.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokulinganisa izitoko, ezivame kakhulu indlela yenani elingaphakathi kanye nendlela yenani elihlobene. Indlela yenani elingaphakathi ngayo isekelwe ekubaleni inani langempela lesitoko, kucatshangelwa izimpahla zenkampani, imali engenayo kanye nalokho okulindelwe esikhathini esizayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela yenani elihlobene ngayo iqhathanisa isitoko nezinye izitoko ezifanayo emakethe, kusetshenziswa ukuphindaphinda kwezezimali okufana nesilinganiso se-P/E kanye nesilinganiso senani/Incwadi.

Ukufeza ukulinganiswa kwesitoko, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amathuluzi namasu ahlukene. Phakathi kwamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlaziya imali, ukuhlaziya imakethe, nokuhlaziywa kwemboni okuhlobene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamafomula ahlukahlukene namamodeli ezibalo asisiza ukubala inani lamasheya, njengemodeli ye-cash flow enesaphulelo kanye nemodeli yokulinganisa ye-Gordon.

2. Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe: ukunquma inani lamasheya ngokusekelwe kokunikezwayo kanye nesidingo

Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunquma inani lezitoko. Lokhu kuhlaziya kusekelwe ocwaningweni lokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa komkhiqizo othile wezezimali emakethe. Ngalokhu kuhlola, izici ezithonya ukuziphatha kwamanani esitoko zingabonakala.

Ukwenza ukuhlaziya okuphumelelayo kwemakethe, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuqoqa idatha mayelana nokunikezwa kanye nesidingo samasheya okukhulunywa ngawo. Lokhu Kungenziwa ngocwaningo lwemakethe, lapho idatha iqoqwa khona ngokuthengiselana okwenziwe, inani lamasheya atholakalayo nezinye izinkomba ezifanele.

Idatha eqoqiwe kufanele-ke ihlaziywe ukuze kuhlonzwe amathrendi namaphethini ekuhlinzekweni nasekufuneni. Lokhu kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamasu okuhlaziya izibalo namagrafu ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo idatha. Kuyasiza futhi ukuqhathanisa idatha naleyo yezinkampani ezifanayo noma emkhakheni ofanayo ukuze ube nombono obanzi.

3. Izindlela Zokulinganisa Amasheya: Ukubukeka Okuningiliziwe

Emhlabeni wezezimali, izindlela zokulinganisa isitoko zibalulekile ekuhloleni intengo yemakethe yesitoko kanye nokunquma ukuthi ingabe ayikalinganiswanga kangako noma ibaluleke kakhulu. Kulesi sigaba, sizocubungula ngokuningiliziwe izindlela ezahlukene ezisetshenziswa ekubalweni kwesitoko.

1. Indlela yokulinganisa esetshenziswa kakhulu imodeli yokulinganisa ukugeleza kwemali enesaphulelo. Le ndlela ihilela ukuqagela ukuhamba kwemali okuzayo kwenkampani nokuyehlisa ukuze kwethulwe inani kusetshenziswa isilinganiso sesaphulelo esifanele. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le ndlela isekelwe ekuqageleni nasekubikezelweni, ngakho imiphumela ingase ihluke kuye ngezilinganiso ezisetshenzisiwe.

2. Enye indlela esetshenzisiwe imodeli yokulinganisa eminingi. Le ndlela iqhathanisa intengo yemakethe yesitoko nokuphindaphindwayo okuhlobene, njengentengo/imali engenayo, intengo/amaholo, noma intengo/ukugeleza kwemali. Ngokuqhathanisa isitoko nezinkampani ezifanayo embonini, ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe kungatholwa.

3. Ukwengeza, kunezindlela zokulinganisa ezisekelwe empahleni, ezicabangela inani lengqikithi yezimpahla zenkampani. Lezi zindlela zihlanganisa inani lebhuku, elibhekisela enanini lengqikithi yezimpahla kushidi lebhalansi lenkampani, nevelu yokukhokha, esekelwe enanini lezimpahla ezingaphansi kwezikweletu uma kwenzeka kuhoxiswa.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi indlela ngayinye inendlela yayo izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi, nokukhetha indlela efanelekile kuzoncika ezintweni ezimbalwa, njengokutholakala kwedatha, uhlobo lwenkampani, nokuqagela okusetshenzisiwe. Ngokuqonda lezi zindlela zokulinganisa isitoko ngokuningiliziwe, abatshalizimali bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho behlola amathuba okutshala imali.

4. Umthelela wezici zomnotho omkhulu ekubalweni kwamasheya

Izici ze-Macroeconomic zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganisweni kwamasheya emakethe. Lezi zici ziwukuguquguquka kwezomnotho ezithinta umnotho uwonke futhi, ngakho-ke, zithonya intengo yamasheya emakethe yamasheya.

Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zezomnotho omkhulu ezithinta ukulinganiswa kwamasheya ukukhula komnotho. Lapho umnotho wezwe ukhula, kulindeleke ukwanda kokuthengiswa kwenkampani kanye nenzuzo, okukhiqiza inzalo enkulu kubatshalizimali futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwanda kwesidingo samasheya. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezikhathini zokuwohloka komnotho, kuba nokuzethemba okuphansi emakethe kanye nokwehla kokutshalwa kwezimali, okungaholela ekwehleni kwamanani amasheya.

Esinye isici esibalulekile se-macroeconomic ukwehla kwamandla emali. Uma ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphezulu, lokhu kungaba nomthelela omubi ekubalweni kwesitoko. Ukwehla kwamandla emali kunciphisa amandla okuthenga abathengi ngakho kunciphisa isidingo semikhiqizo namasevisi. Lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni kwemali engenayo yenkampani futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kwehle inani lesheya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphansi futhi kuzinzile, lokhu kungakha ukuzethemba emakethe futhi kwandise isidingo samasheya.

5. Iyini indima yezitatimende zezimali ekunqumeni inani lamasheya?

Izitatimende zezimali zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni inani lesitoko senkampani. Le mibiko yokubalwa kwezimali inikeza abatshalizimali nabahlaziyi ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwezimali kwenkampani kanye nekhono layo lokukhiqiza inzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitatimende zezimali ziphinde zibonise isimo sempahla yenkampani, izikweletu kanye nokulingana ngesikhathi esithile.

Okokuqala, izitatimende zezimali zisetshenziswa abatshalizimali ukuhlola impilo yezezimali yenkampani ngaphambi kokwenza izinqumo zokutshala izimali. Isibonelo, abatshalizimali bangahlola imali engenayo nezindleko zenkampani ku- isitatimende semali engenayo ukunquma ukuthi inkampani ikhiqiza inzuzo engashintshi noma ithola ukulahlekelwa. Lolu lwazi lubavumela ukuthi bahlole ukukhula kanye namandla okwenza inzuzo amasheya enkampani.

Ukwengeza, izitatimende zezimali zinikeza abatshalizimali umbono onemininingwane wezimpahla nezikweletu zenkampani. Ngokwesibonelo, yena ibhalansi ibonisa izimpahla inkampani enazo, njengokheshi, i-inventory, impahla, namathuluzi. Abatshalizimali bangasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuze bahlole ikhono lenkampani lokukhiqiza ukungena kwemali kusukela empahleni yayo, engathonya inani lamasheya. Ngokufanayo, izikweletu, njengemalimboleko nezikweletu, nazo zibonakala ezitatimendeni zezimali futhi zinganikeza ulwazi olumayelana namandla ezezimali enkampani nekhono lokukhokha.

6. Izindlela zokulinganisa zokubala inani lamasheya

Lapho uhlaziya izimali zenkampani, ukubala inani lesitoko kubalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwaso kanye nokukhanga kwabatshalizimali. Izindlela zokulinganisa a ngempumelelo ukunquma leli nani. Ngezansi imininingwane ye izinyathelo ezibalulekile Ukuze wenze lesi sibalo ngokunembile:

1. Ukuthola idatha edingekayo: Ukuze ubale inani lamasheya, kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi lwezezimali olufanele, njengemali engenayo yenkampani, inani lenzuzo yesheya ngalinye kanye nezinga lokukhula elilindelekile. Le datha ingatholwa emibikweni yezezimali yenkampani noma emithonjeni ethembekile efana ne-Bloomberg noma i-Yahoo Finance.

• Okubalulekile: Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa idatha yakamuva futhi uhlole ukunemba kwayo ngaphambi kokwenza izibalo.

2. Sebenzisa imodeli yokulinganisa efanele: Kunamamodeli ahlukene okulinganisa isitoko, njengemodeli yesaphulelo sesabelomali, inani lamanje lokugeleza kwemali noma indlela yokulinganisa ehlobene. Imodeli ngayinye inokucabangela kwayo kanye nezici zayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha leyo evumelana kangcono nenkampani nezimo ezithile.

• Icebiso: Xhumana nochwepheshe bezezimali noma sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlaziya ukuze uthole imodeli yokulinganisa efaneleke kakhulu esimweni ngasinye.

3. Yenza isibalo bese uhlaziya imiphumela: Uma ifomula yokubala ehambisana nemodeli ekhethiwe isitholiwe, kungenzeka ukunquma inani lamasheya. Kubalulekile ukuhlaziya le miphumela kumongo wemboni kanye nomnotho jikelele ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza nethuba lokutshalwa kwezimali.

• Isibonelo: Uma kusetshenziswa imodeli yesaphulelo sesabelomali, ukubala kuzobandakanya ukuqagela ukugeleza kwemali kwesikhathi esizayo nokusebenzisa isilinganiso sesaphulelo esifanelekile ukuze kunqunywe inani lamanje lalokho kugeleza.

7. Ngabe izici zekhwalithi zinethonya kanjani ukulinganiswa kwesitoko?

Izici zekhwalithi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganisweni kwamasheya, njengoba zihambisana nolwazi lwezezimali futhi zisivumela ukuba sibe nombono ophelele wenkampani nokusebenza kwayo. Lezi zici azikwazi ukulinganiswa ngezinombolo, kodwa umthelela wazo esilinganisweni ubalulekile.

Enye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu zekhwalithi isithunzi senkampani. Uma inkampani inegama elihle, abatshalizimali kungenzeka babe nokuzethemba okukhulu emandleni ayo okukhiqiza imiphumela engaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma inkampani inegama elibi ngenxa yamahlazo noma ukukhwabanisa, abatshalizimali bangase babe nokungabaza mayelana nokutshala izimali kumasheya ayo.

Okunye okufanele kucatshangelwe izinga labaphathi benkampani. Ukuphatha okunekhono nombono ocacile kungaba nomthelela omuhle ekubalweni kwesitoko. Kunalokho, ukuphatha okungalungile noma ukuphatha okungahambisani nezintshisakalo zabanikazi bamasheya kungadala ukungaqiniseki futhi kube nomthelela omubi kwinani lamasheya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezinjengokusungula izinto ezintsha, ubuholi bemakethe noma ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo nakho kungaba nomthelela ekulinganisweni kwamasheya.

8. Inani langaphakathi vs. inani lemakethe: iyiphi inketho enembe kakhulu?

Inani langaphakathi kanye nevelu yemakethe imiqondo emibili esetshenziswa emhlabeni wezezimali ukuze kunqunywe inani elifanelekile lempahla. Inani langempela libhekisela enanini langempela lempahla esekelwe ezicini zayo eziyisisekelo, njengokugeleza kwemali, izimpahla zayo ezibambekayo nezingaphatheki, kanye nesimo sayo semakethe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani lemakethe lisekelwe ekuhlinzekweni nasekudingweni kwempahla emakethe, okungukuthi, enanini abathengi nabathengisi abazimisele ukuxoxisana ngalo.

Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi inketho enembe kakhulu kuncike endleleni ofuna ukuyithatha ekuhlaziyeni impahla. Inani langaphakathi livame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlaziyeni okuyisisekelo, okuhlose ukuhlola impilo yezezimali yesikhathi eside yenkampani kanye nekhono layo lokukhiqiza inzuzo. Le ndlela ibhekwa njengefaneleka kakhulu ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside kanye nalabo abathanda inani langempela lempahla.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani lemakethe lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlaziyweni kobuchwepheshe nasekuthathweni kwezinqumo zesikhashana, lapho lifuna ukuhlonza amaphethini nezitayela ezintengo zempahla. Le ndlela isekelwe esimisweni sokuthi inani lempahla libonisa lonke ulwazi olutholakala emakethe futhi ngenxa yalokho linembe kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali kwesikhathi esifushane.

Kafushane, kokubili inani langaphakathi kanye nevelu yemakethe kungamathuluzi awusizo okunquma inani elifanelekile lempahla. Kodwa-ke, inketho enembe kakhulu incike endleleni yokutshala imali kanye nesikhathi umuntu anaso engqondweni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi womabili amanani angasetshenziswa ndawonye ukuze athole isithombe esiphelele nesinembe kakhulu saleso simo. [END

9. Umqondo wokuguquguquka kanye nomthelela wawo ekulinganisweni kwesitoko

Umqondo wokuguquguquka udlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganisweni kwamasheya emakethe yezezimali. I-Volatility ibhekisela esilinganisweni sokuhlukahluka nobungozi obuhlobene nempahla yezezimali, njengesitoko. Uma isitoko siguquguquka kakhulu, kusho ukuthi intengo yaso ihlangabezana nokuguquguquka okukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isitoko singaguquguquki kancane, intengo yaso ivame ukushintsha ngokuzinza.

I-Volatility ithonya izilinganiso zesitoko ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, abatshalizimali babheka ukuguquguquka lapho benquma ukuthi bathenge noma bathengise isitoko. Isitoko esinokuntengantenga okuphezulu singanikeza amathuba enzuzo enkulu ngesikhathi esifushane, kodwa futhi sithwala ingozi enkulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasheya ane-volatility ephansi angase azinze, kodwa angase anikeze izinzuzo eziphansi.

Ukwengeza, ukuguquguquka nakho kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni intengo yezinketho zamasheya. Izinketho zingamathuluzi ezezimali anikeza abatshalizimali ilungelo, kodwa hhayi isibopho, sokuthenga noma ukuthengisa isitoko ngentengo enqunywe kusengaphambili ngokuzayo. Ukuphakama kokuguquguquka, intengo yenketho iphezulu, njengoba kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi intengo yesitoko eyisisekelo izohamba kakhulu.

Kafushane, umqondo wokuguquguquka udlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganisweni kwesitoko. Abatshalizimali bacabangela ukuguquguquka lapho benza izinqumo zokuthenga noma zokuthengisa, kuyilapho emakethe yezinketho, ukuguquguquka kuthinta ngokuqondile intengo yezinketho. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kanye nomthelela wako ekulinganisweni kwesitoko ukuze wenze izinqumo zezezimali unolwazi.

10. Ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo kanye nokubaluleka kwakho ekunqumeni ukubaluleka kwamasheya

Ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo kuyindlela esetshenziswa abatshalizimali ukuhlola inani langempela lamasheya enkampani. Kusekelwe ocwaningweni oluningiliziwe lwedatha yezezimali nezomnotho yenkampani, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto zangaphandle ezingase zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwayo. Le ndlela ibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi isitokwe sibukelwa phansi noma senziwa ngokwedlulele emakethe.

Ekuhlaziyeni okuyisisekelo, izinkomba zezezimali ezahlukahlukene njengeshidi lebhalansi, isitatimende semali engenayo, nokugeleza kwemali kuyahlolwa ukuze kuqondwe impilo yezezimali yenkampani. Kucatshangelwa izici zangaphandle, njengesimo somnotho, izitayela zemakethe kanye nokuncintisana. Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlaziya okuyisisekelo wucwaningo lokusebenza kwenkampani esikhathini esidlule kanye nokuqagela kwekusasa layo, okunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile kubatshalizimali.

Ukuze wenze ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo okusebenzayo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi namasu afanele. Amanye amathuluzi ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ku le nqubo Kuhlanganisa izilinganiso zezimali, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola isimo sezimali senkampani ngokuphathelene nezimbangi zayo, namamodeli wokulinganisa, njengokugeleza kwemali okunesaphulelo, okulinganisa inani langaphakathi lesheya. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zekhwalithi, ezifana nesiqondiso neqhinga lenkampani, kanye nesimo somnotho womhlaba. Ngalokhu kuhlaziya okuningiliziwe, abatshalizimali bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokusekelwe enanini langempela lesitoko.

11. Ukubaluleka kokulindelwe abatshalizimali ekulinganisweni kwesitoko

ilele eqinisweni lokuthi lokhu okulindelekile kunomthelela ngokuqondile entengo nokusebenza kwamasheya emakethe. Lapho benza izinqumo zokutshala izimali, abatshalizimali bahlola ikhono lenkampani lesikhathi esizayo lokukhiqiza inzuzo nokukhula, okuhumushela kulokho abakulindele mayelana nokusebenza kwesitoko saleyo nkampani.

Okulindelekile kubatshalizimali kungase kusekelwe ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, njengokusebenza kwenkampani esikhathini esidlule, izibikezelo zezomnotho, indawo yebhizinisi nezindaba zemboni. Lokhu okulindelekile kungashintsha ngokushesha futhi kube nomthelela osheshayo enanini lesitoko. Uma abatshalizimali benethemba elihle ngekusasa lenkampani, cishe bazimisele ukukhokha ngaphezulu amasheya ayo, okwandisa inani layo emakethe.

Kubalulekile ukuthi abatshalizimali baziswe futhi bacabangele lokho okulindeleke ezimakethe lapho belinganisa amasheya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwezinto ezingase zibe nomthelela kulokho okulindelwe abatshalizimali, njengezitatimende zezezimali zenkampani, imibiko yomhlaziyi, izitayela zemakethe nezindaba ezifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile ezimakethe kwakheka kanjani nokuthi kungahluka kanjani ngokusekelwe ezenzakalweni ezahlukene kanye nezimo zomnotho. Lokhu kuzovumela abatshalizimali ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi bandise imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwabo.

12. Amathuluzi nezindlela zokwazisa amasheya emikhakheni ehlukene yezomnotho

Ukwazisa amasheya emikhakheni ehlukene yezomnotho, kuyadingeka ukwazi nokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwamathuluzi namasu avumela ukuhlaziya okuphelele. Lawa mathuluzi ahlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile lokuhlola ukusebenza kwezitoko nokunquma inani lazo langempela emakethe. Ngezansi amanye amathuluzi namasu ayinhloko asetshenziswa kule nqubo.

Elinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo, okusekelwe ocwaningweni lwezinto ezinkulu nezomnotho ezincane ezingathinta intengo yamasheya. Lolu hlobo lokuhlaziya luhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwezitatimende zezimali zenkampani, izindaba zomnotho ezifanele, ukuhlaziya izimbangi, nokuhlaziywa kwezici zezombusazwe nezomthetho ezingase zibe nomthelela emkhakheni inkampani esebenza kuwo. Ukuhlaziywa okuyisisekelo kunikeza umbono wesikhathi eside wenkampani kanye namathemba ayo okukhula.

Elinye ithuluzi elibalulekile ukuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe, okusekelwe ekutadisheni kwamashadi amanani esitoko nezinye izinkomba zobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuhlaziya kusebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukene, njengama-avareji ahambayo, ama-oscillator, amabhendi e-Bollinger namaphoyinti e-pivot, ukuhlonza amaphethini nezitayela zezintengo zesitoko. Ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe kukuvumela ukuthi wenze ukuqagela kwesikhathi esifushane futhi unqume ukungena emakethe nokuphuma.

13. Yimiphi imikhawulo yamamodeli akhona wokulinganisa isitoko?

Kunemikhawulo eminingana kumamodeli akhona wokulinganisa isitoko okufanele kubhekwe lapho kwenziwa ukuhlaziya kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. emakethe yamasheya.

Omunye wemikhawulo evame kakhulu ukuthi lawa mamodeli asekelwe ekucabangeni okwenziwe lula kanye nezimo ezifanele ezingase zingabonisi ngokunembile iqiniso lemakethe. Isibonelo, amamodeli amaningi okulinganisa acabanga ukuthi abatshalizimali banengqondo futhi banokufinyelela kulo lonke ulwazi olufanele. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, abatshalizimali bangase bathonywe imizwelo engenangqondo nokuchema, futhi ulwazi olutholakalayo lungase lube nomkhawulo noma luchema.

Omunye umkhawulo obalulekile ukuthi amamodeli wokulinganisa awakwazi ukubikezela izehlakalo ezingalindelekile noma ezeqisayo ezingase zibe nomthelela omkhulu entengo yesitoko. Isibonelo, inhlekelele yemvelo, inkinga yezomnotho, noma ihlazo lebhizinisi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu enanini lenkampani, kodwa lezi zehlakalo azikwazi ukubikezelwa ngamamodeli okulinganisa avamile.

14. Okuthathwayo: Okucatshangelwayo Okubalulekile Ukunquma Ukuthi Singakanani Isitoko

Lapho unquma inani lesitoko, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinto eziningi ezibalulekile. Lokhu kucatshangelwa akusebenzi nje kuphela ekuhloleni isitoko ngasinye, kodwa futhi kuhlobene nokuqonda imakethe ebanzi. Ngezansi amanye amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele lapho unquma ukuthi sibiza malini isitoko:

1. Ukuhlaziywa Okuyisisekelo: Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlaziya okujulile kwenkampani ekhipha isabelo. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola ukusebenza kwayo kwezezimali, isimo sayo semakethe, isu layo lebhizinisi kanye nezinye izici ezibalulekile ezingaba nomthelela enanini lesheya.

2. Ukuhlaziywa Kobuchwepheshe: Ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe kugxile ocwaningweni lwamaphethini entengo adlule namathrendi emakethe. Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi namashadi ahlukahlukene ukuze kuhlonzwe izindawo zokungena nokuphuma ezingaba khona, kanye nokubikezela amathrendi esikhathi esizayo. Le ndlela ingaba usizo ekunqumeni ukuthi uzosithenga nini noma usithengise nini isitoko.

3. Ukuqhathanisa nontanga kulo mkhakha: Kubalulekile ukuqhathanisa inani lesitoko nezinye izinkampani ezifanayo emkhakheni ofanayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi isitokwe sikhululwe ngokweqile noma asilinganiswanga kahle uma kuqhathaniswa naso nabancintisana nabo. Izinto ezinjengokwenza imali ezimakethe, ukukhula kwemali engenayo, izilinganiso zenzuzo nezinye izinkomba ezifanele kufanele zibhekwe.

Sengiphetha, kusobala ukuthi ukunquma inani lamasheya Kuyinqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ibalulekile emkhakheni wezezimali. Ngokuhlaziywa kwezinto eziyisisekelo nezobuchwepheshe, abatshalizimali bangahlola amandla enkampani yokusebenza futhi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inani lamasheya lingaphansi koshintsho oluqhubekayo ngenxa yokuhlukahluka okuhlukile okuthinta izimakethe zezimali. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuqapha izimo zemakethe kanye nokubuyekeza amasu ethu okutshala imali ngokuhambisana nentuthuko kwezomnotho nezimboni.

Ngokufanayo, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ayikho imodeli noma indlela engabikezela ngokunembile inani lesikhathi esizayo lesitoko. Nakuba singasebenzisa amathuluzi namasu ukuze silinganisele inani lazo, kuhlale kunezinga elithile lokungaqiniseki elitholakala ekutshalweni kwezimali ezitokweni.

Ngamafuphi, inani lamasheya linqunywa izici ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa izici eziyisisekelo nezobuchwepheshe, kanye nezimo zemakethe ezijwayelekile. Nakuba ingekho indlela eqondile yokwazisa amasheya, abatshalizimali bangasebenzisa la mathuluzi nokuhlaziya ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi kakhulu futhi baphathe iphothifoliyo yabo. ngempumelelo. Ukuqonda le miqondo kanye nokuqapha njalo imakethe kuzosisiza ukuthi sikhulise amathuba okutshala izimali futhi sinciphise ubungozi obuhlobene.