Ungawakha kanjani umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Dala umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel I-Excel ingenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlela ngokubukeka izigaba zephrojekthi noma iziqophamlando, ukuhlela imisebenzi, noma ukukhombisa ukulandelana kwemicimbi. Nakuba i-Excel ingase ibonakale njenge-spreadsheet- kanye nethuluzi eligxile ezinombolo, inikeza imisebenzi eminingana nezinketho zokuguqula izinhlu ezilula zibe imigqa yesikhathi ekhangayo.

Ngokuvamile sihlobanisa izikhathi zesikhathi nezinhlelo ezithile zokuphatha iphrojekthi, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi I-Excel inokuvumelana nezimo okwanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomuntu siqu nezebhizinisi. Okubalulekile ukuqonda izinsiza ezinikezayo, ukuhlanganisa izifanekiso, futhi usebenzise ithuba lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze umphumela wokugcina ucace, ubonakale, futhi ube wusizo kakhulu. Ngezansi kunomhlahlandlela ophelele kakhulu futhi osesikhathini samanje wokufunda ukuthi ungawakha kanjani umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, usebenzisa zombili izindlela ezenziwe ngezandla nezifanekiso kanye nezengezo. Sizophinde sibheke ukuthi singayithuthukisa kanjani idizayini futhi sihlole ezinye izindlela. Ake siqale indlela yokudala umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel. 

Uyini umugqa wesikhathi futhi kungani udala owodwa ku-Excel?

Umugqa wesikhathi, obizwa nangokuthi ishejuli, iyithuluzi elibonakalayo elibonisa uchungechunge lwezehlakalo, imisebenzi, noma ingqopha-mlando ehlelwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi ngesikali. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko vumela ukuqonda okusheshayo kwenqubekelaphambili yephrojekthi noma ukulandelana kwezenzo ezibalulekile, ukwenza lula ukuphathwa kwemisebenzi, izinsuku eziwumnqamulajuqu kanye nalabo abanesibopho.

Bona ngeso lengqondo izinyathelo ezibalulekile Iphrojekthi isiza amaqembu ukuthi aqonde isimo lapho uthi shazi, alindele izinkinga, futhi axhumane nenqubekelaphambili kanye nezinsuku zokugcina kubabambiqhaza. Yize amathuluzi afana neMicrosoft Project noma izinhlelo eziku-inthanethi ezifana ne-GanttPRO zisebenza ngokukhethekile kulokhu, I-Excel iyindlela efinyelelekayo futhi evumelana nezimo iningi labasebenzisi nezinkampani eziseduze.

Izinketho zokudala umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel

Ungakha ishejuli kusukela ekuqaleni usebenzisa imisebenzi ye-Excel, ikakhulukazi usebenzisa ama-scatter noma amashadi emigqa; noma ungakhetha futhi izifanekiso ezichazwe ngaphambilini ezinomklamo wochwepheshe okwenza umsebenzi ube lula kakhulu. Futhi, kukhona ezinye izindlela ngaphandle kwe-Excel uma ufuna isivinini esengeziwe.

• Isakhiwo sokuhlakazeka mathupha: Ikuvumela ukuthi udizayine umugqa wesikhathi owenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokuphelele kusuka kumathebula akho nedatha.
• Izifanekiso ezisemthethweni ze-Excel noma ze-Office.com: Ziyisixazululo esisheshayo, esibonakalayo kakhulu futhi zilungele labo ababeka phambili ukuklama nokusebenza.
• Ama-plugin nezinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle: Izinhlelo ezifana ne-GanttPRO zinikeza ukudala umugqa wesikhathi ngokuchofoza okumbalwa kanye nezinketho eziningi zezithombe.

Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokwenza umugqa wesikhathi owenziwe ngesandla ku-Excel

1. Faka ama-milestones nezinsuku zakho kuthebula

Isinyathelo sokuqala chaza izehlakalo ezibalulekile zephrojekthi yakho. Dala ithebula elincane ku-Excel okungenani elinamakholomu ayinhloko amabili: incazelo yengqopha-mlando kanye nosuku oluhlobene. Ungakwazi ukwengeza ikholomu eyengeziwe ukuze unikeze inani lenombolo kungqopha-mlando ngayinye, okukuvumela ukuthi uwamise ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene ngaphakathi kweshadi futhi uvimbele amalebula ukuthi adlulelane:

• Ikholomu A: Incazelo yengqophamlando (Isibonelo: “Qala”, “Ukulethwa Kwesigaba 1”, “Umhlangano Wokugcina”).
• Ikholomu B: Usuku lwengqophamlando.
• Ikholomu C (ongakukhetha): Ukulandelana kwezinombolo njengo-1, 2, 3, 4, okuphindiwe uma unezimpawu zendawo eziningi. Ngale ndlela, amaphuzu azovela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene.

Iseluleko: Uma unemicimbi eminingi, shintsha amanani ezinombolo (isb., 1, 2, 1, 2) ukuze amalebula anyakazeke futhi angagqagqani.

2. Faka ishadi lokuhlakaza

Uma itafula selilungile, khetha iseli elingenalutho eshidini bese uchofoza ithebhu Faka. Ngaphakathi kweqembu lezithombe, khetha Ukuhlakazeka ("Scatter") noma "Ishadi Lebhamuza". Ishadi elingenalutho lizovela, elilinde ukulungiselelwa.

Lolu hlobo lweshadi lulungele imigqa yesikhathi, ngoba Ungakwazi ukuchaza zombili izimbazo zika-X (izinsuku) kanye no-Y (inani/i-milestone). ngendlela yomuntu siqu kakhulu.

3. Engeza idatha yakho eshadini

Chofoza kwesokudla endaweni emhlophe yeshadi bese ukhetha Khetha idathaIwindi lemithombo yedatha lizovuleka. Chofoza ku- Engeza ukudala uchungechunge olusha.

• X Amanani: Khetha yonke ikholomu yedethi etafuleni lakho.
• Y Amanani: Khetha ikholomu yamanani ezinombolo. Uma ungakayidali le kholomu, ungakwazi ukubeka wonke amaphuzu ezingeni elifanayo, nakuba kunconywa ukushintsha amanani ukuze uhlukanise imicimbi phakathi kwe-eksisi yeshadi.

Cindezela Yamukela futhi itulo lakho le-scatter lizobuyekeza libonisa amaphuzu abekwe ngokwedethi kanye nenani lenombolo.

4. Guqula igrafu ibe umugqa wesikhathi

Usuvele unawo amaphuzu, kodwa ukuze wenze igrafu isebenze njengomugqa wesikhathi udinga ukulungisa isakhiwo sayo:

• Susa izinto ezingadingekile: Chofoza inkinobho yezinketho zeshadi (sayina +) futhi ikhipha imigqa yegridi, isihloko seshadi, kanye ne-eksisi eqondile (Y), kushiya kuphela i-eksisi yedethi.
• Engeza amalebula nemishayo yamaphutha: Hlola izinketho Amalebula edatha ukuveza amagama ezinqolobane kanye Amabha wephutha ukuxhuma amachashazi kumugqa wesikhathi.
• Enza ngendlela oyifisayo amabha amaphutha: Chofoza kwesokudla kunoma iyiphi ibha yephutha, khetha Ifomethi futhi uwamise ukuthi abe imigqa eqondile (inketho ethi “Minus”) futhi uwabeke enanini elingu-100% ukuze adlule esuka endaweni eyingqopha-mlando aye ebhendini yomugqa wesikhathi.

Uyabona ukuthi imigoqo evundlile ayidingeki noma ufuna eqondile kuphela? Lungiselela ifomethi ukuze ususe ibha evundlile futhi ushiye ibha eqondile kuphela, ulungise umbala, ukujiya, nokukhanyela ukuze uthuthukise ukubonakala.

5. Lungisa ukwakheka nokwenza ngokwezifiso

Kuleli qophelo ungakwazi kakade yenza ngokwezifiso umugqa wakho wesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka:

• Imibala yamachashazi: Chofoza kwesokudla noma yimuphi umaka bese ukhetha "Fometha Uchungechunge Lwedatha." Kumenyu, khetha umbala womaka ofuna ukugqamisa ingqophamlando ngayinye.
• Ukungafihli kwezixhumi: Uma izixhumi ezime mpo zibonakala ziqine kakhulu, lungisa ukubonakala kwazo usebenzisa ifomethi yebha yephutha eqondile.
• Indawo yama-milestone: Khumbula ukuthi ungakwazi ukushintsha amanani ezinombolo kukholomu "Yobude" kuthebula lesisekelo ukuze uhambise ama-milestone phezulu noma phansi futhi uvimbele amalebula ukuthi angagqagqani.
• Lungisa imikhawulo yedethi: Chofoza kwesokudla ku-axis yedethi bese ukhetha "i-eksisi yokufometha" ukuze uguqule amanani aphansi naphezulu ukuze alingane neshadi nesikhathi othakaselayo.

Okubalulekile: Ungasebenzisa izingqikithi nezitayela ze I-Excel Ukuze uguqule ngokushesha imibala yeshadi, amafonti, nezitayela kuthebhu ethi Umklamo Wekhasi noma Umklamo Weshadi, vele ukhethe itimu noma iphalethi yombala ukuze ubuyekeze ukubukeka kwakho konke komugqa wakho wesikhathi.

Ungawakha kanjani umugqa wesikhathi ku-Excel?

6. Engeza izihloko namalebula achazayo

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-milestone kufanele kube lula ukuwabona. Ukubonisa amagama abalulekile:

• Chofoza kwesokudla kunoma iyiphi ilebula eshadini bese ukhetha Ifomethi yelebula yedatha.
• Khetha Inani leseli futhi ikhombisa ububanzi lapho unezincazelo zakho ezibalulekile kuthebula.
• Ungasusa inketho ethi “Y Value” ukuze kuvele igama eliyingqopha-mlando kuphela.

Umphumela uwumugqa wesikhathi ohlanganisa amaphuzu omcimbi, imigqa yokuxhuma, namalebula achazayo, wonke aqondaniswe nesikali sesikhathi owadingayo.

7. Isitayela futhi uthuthukise umugqa wakho wesikhathi ku-Excel

Uma usumise isakhiwo esiyisisekelo, ungasebenzisa amaminithi ambalwa wenza umugqa wakho wesikhathi ubukeke uchwepheshe ngempela:

• Yenza ngokwezifiso imibala namafonti: Iya kokuthi "Umklamo Wekhasi"> "Amatimu" ukuze ushintshe ngokushesha konke ukubukeka kwesithombe. Ungashintsha imibala namafonti ngawodwana.
• Sebenzisa iphalethi yombala weshadi: Kusukela kuthebhu yokudizayina kweshadi, chofoza iphalethi kapende ebhalwe ukuthi “Shintsha Imibala” ukuze usebenzise izikimu zombala zomhlaba.
• Lungisa ukusatshalaliswa: Uma ubona isikhala esingenalutho kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla, lungisa imikhawulo ye-eksisi ukuze usebenzise ububanzi obugcwele beshadi.
• Phrinta noma thekelisa: Uma usuqedile, umugqa wakho wesikhathi ungaphrintwa kalula, ulondolozwe njenge-PDF, noma uhlanganiswe nezethulo.

Iseluleko esisodwa esibalulekile yilesi yabelana ngesifanekiso somugqa wesikhathi nabahlanganyeli noma abaphathi ukuze sikunikeze umbono wezinyathelo ezibalulekile nenqubekelaphambili yephrojekthi yakho. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina wonke umuntu enolwazi futhi ehambisana nezinjongo. Uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda nge-Excel, bheka lesi esinye isihloko Amafomula e-Excel abaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ekuqaleni njengochwephesheSinenqwaba yazo phakathi Tecnobits, vele usebenzise injini yokusesha.