Ungayehlisa kanjani i-GPU yakho: umhlahlandlela ophephile we-NVIDIA, AMD, ne-Intel

Ungayehlisa kanjani i-GPU yakho? Kubantu abaningi abaqala emhlabeni we-PC, ukuzithoba kuzwakala njengokuthile kwe-esoteric, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kungaba ukuthuthukiswa okuqondile komsindo, izinga lokushisa, nokunethezeka. Ukunciphisa i-voltage ngaphandle kokuthinta idizayini yehadiweKungenzeka ukugcina ukusebenza kucishe kufane kwezinye izimo, kuyilapho okokusebenza kusebenza kupholile futhi kuthule.

Noma ubani owake waba "nendiza" etafuleni lakhe uzoqonda: lapho i-GPU ifinyelela ukusetshenziswa okungu-100%, abalandeli bayashintshashintsha futhi amazinga okushisa ajwayele ukuzinza ebangeni le-GPU. 70-75 ºCNgemuva kokubukela phansi i-RTX 4070 Super, ngokwesibonelo, kuyenzeka ugcine izinga lozimele elifanayo emidlalweni efunwayo ngenkathi ijubane lewashi lekhadi lezithombe lehla 60-65 ºC ngomsindo ophansi kakhulu. Ezihlokweni ezinokulandelela kwe-ray noma izilungiselelo eziphezulu, usengajabulela ngaphezu kuka-100 FPS ngaphandle kokudela ukuzinza. futhi nokugwema ukukhawulela amafreyimu noma ukwenza ngaphandle kwamasu okukhiqiza uhlaka.

Kuyini ukungaziphathi kahle futhi yiziphi izinzuzo zangempela?

I-Undervolting iqukethe ukwehlisa i-voltage yokusebenza ye-chip (GPU noma i-CPU) kuyilapho igcina ukucushwa kwayo kokusebenza kungashintshi. Ukwehlisa i-voltage kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nenani lokushisa elikhiqizwayo.Kodwa-ke, ububanzi befrikhwensi obuphezulu bungancishiswa uma ukulungisa kunolaka kakhulu. Inselele isekutholeni indawo emnandi lapho i-silicon yenza okufanayo noma ecishe ifane, kodwa ngama-watt ambalwa namazinga okushisa aphansi.

Kumaphrosesa anamandla ane-TDP ephezulu, uma ungawadingi njalo amandla awo angu-100%, Ukwehlisa i-voltage kungaba umnyakazo onengqondo kakhuluCabanga nge-Core i9 engaphezulu kokwanele ukwenza imisebenzi elula: ukuyiphusha njalo kuze kufike emkhawulweni wokuphequlula akunangqondo, futhi ukwenza i-voltage optimization kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa nomsindo, kunwebe ukunethezeka kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi kuhlale kunjalo kuzo zonke izimo. Uma inhloso yakho kuyiyo yonke i-FPS yokugcina emidlalweni noma emithwalweni ebucayiNoma yikuphi ukuncishiswa kwamandla kagesi okulangazelela ngokweqile kungase kube nomthelela omubi kumafrikhwensi aqhubekayo. Kungakho "kanjani" kubalulekile: ukhiye ukuthola inhlanganisela kagesi kanye nemvamisa egcina uzinzo ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi okungenzeka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikho isidingo sokuxoxa izindaba ezinde: Ukungasebenzi ngendlela engafanele kubangela ukungazinziUkuqandisa, ukuqalisa kabusha, noma amaphutha esistimu kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokwenza, ukubekezela, nokuhlola kuyadingeka. Labo abafuna isixazululo se-"plug and play" bangase bakhethe ezinye izinketho, njengokuthuthukisa isistimu yokupholisa.

Ukubekezela, ukunemba, nokuthi kungani i-BIOS/UEFI ibalulekile kuma-CPU

Uma sibhekisa ku-CPU undervolting, sikhuluma ngokunciphisa i-voltage ngenkathi kugcinwa ukucushwa kwesisekelo: Ayifani ne-underclocking. (Yehlisa isiphindaphinda, i-BCLK, noma imvamisa). Ukushintsha imvamisa kuvame ukudinga ukulungisa ama-voltages, kodwa umgomo wokugoba okumsulwa uhlukile: ukugcina izici ezivamile nge-voltage encane.

Ukuzinza kusenhliziyweni yakho konke. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngo-10°C akusebenzi kangako uma uhlangabezana nokumiswa kwesikrini noma ukuphahlazeka.Ngakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukuthi usebenze ngokulungisa kahle futhi uqinisekise ngokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka. Futhi nasi isincomo esibalulekile sama-CPU: nakuba kunezinsiza ohlelweni lokusebenza ukulungisa ama-voltage, kungcono ukwenza kanjalo kusuka ku-BIOS/UEFI. Lezi zindawo zinikeza ukunemba okukhulu mayelana nendlela i-voltage esetshenziswa ngayo nokuthi isabela kanjani ekulayisheni, igwema izimanga ezihlobene nalokho okwaziwa ngokuthi "i-voltage overload." I-Vdroop.

Esinye isilungiselelo esiyinhloko ku-BIOS/UEFI yi- Ukulinganisa Umugqa Wokulayisha (LLC)Le parameter ilawula ukuthi i-voltage yehla kanjani lapho iphrosesa ishintsha isuka kokungenzi lutho iye kokulayisha futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. I-LLC enolaka ngokweqile inganciphisa umkhawulo wokuphepha futhi ibangele ama-spikes noma ukungazinzi, kuyilapho i-LLC elondoloza ngokweqile inga... yenza ihaba ukwehla kwamandla kagesi ngaphansi komthwalo, okuphazamisa ukuzinza uma kakade sisebenzisa ama-voltages aqine kakhulu.

Uma usebenza ngesofthiwe ohlelweni lokusebenza, ukukalwa kokuziphatha kwangempela kwe-voltage ngaphansi komthwalo kunembe kancane. I-BIOS/UEFI ikunikeza ukulawula kokushuna kahleNgokungeziwe ekudaluleni ukulungiswa kwe-LLC ukuze kunxeshezelwe i-Vdroop njengoba kudingeka, lokhu kuholela esivivinyweni esincane namaphutha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile kokuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

I-Vdroop: iyini, ilinganiswa kanjani nokuthi isetshenziselwa ini

I-Vdroop ukwehla kwamandla kagesi okungokwemvelo okutholwa iphrosesa uma ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo. Lokho kwehla "kuklanyelwe" ukuvikela nokusimamisa isifundaLokhu kuvimbela ama-overvoltages ayingozi lapho umthwalo uguquguquka. Kodwa-ke, uma singenzi kahle, umkhawulo uyancishiswa, futhi lokho kwehla kungaphusha i-CPU ku-voltage ephansi kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqhubekayo.

Ukuyilinganisa ngokunembile kudinga amathuluzi nolwazi. Indlela yakudala ihlanganisa ukusebenza nge-multimeter kanye nomthwalo ochazwe kahle: Akuwona umsebenzi wawo wonke umuntu.Noma kunjalo, inqubo ithiyori imi kanje:

1. Khomba i-voltage yegama yephrosesa ku-BIOS/UEFI noma emibhalweni yobuchwepheshe.
2. Xhuma i-multimeter kulayini wamandla womprosesa ukukala i-voltage engenzi lutho.
3. Faka umthwalo ngokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okubeka yonke imicu ku-100%.
4. Kala ngaphansi komthwalo ukubona ukwehla okuhlobene nenani lokuphumula.
5. Bala umehluko phakathi kwakho kokubili ukulinganisa i-Vdroop yangempela.

Kungani lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi? Ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi uqonde ububanzi be-voltage lapho i-chip yakho isebenza khona ngemvamisa ethile futhi ulungise ngokufanele. Uma usika kakhulu, izimpawu zakudala zizovela.Ukuvalwa okungalindelekile, ukwehla kokusebenza, nokungazinzi phakathi nokuhlolwa okunzima. Ukuqonda i-Vdroop kukusiza ukuthi ukhethe i-LLC efanele futhi unqume ukuthi ingakanani i-offset ongayisusa ngaphandle kokweqa umkhawulo wokuphepha.

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi, nakuba ukungaziphathi kahle kuyingozi encane kune-overclock engazange ibulawe kahle, Kusengukuguqulwa okucashile kokuziphatha kukagesi.Ngakho-ke, uma ungakhululekile ngezilinganiso noma ukulungiswa ku-BIOS/UEFI, cabangela ezinye izindlela ezinjengokuthuthukisa i-heatsink noma ukwenza kahle ukugeleza komoya ngaphambi kokungena ekulungiseni ugesi.

Ama-Intel CPUs angaphansi kwamandla: Izindlela zamandla kagesi, i-Offset, kanye nokuqinisekisa

Kumabhodi womama we-Intel (isibonelo, kumamodeli we-ASUS ROG kuplathifomu ye-1151), ukulawula kungase kube ngaphansi “I-CPU Core/Cache VoltageKuye ngeplatifomu, i-cache voltage ingase ixhunywe ku-voltage eyinhloko noma iboniswe ngokuhlukana. Uma kuboniswa ngokwehlukana, Ungakwazi futhi ukunciphisa inqolobane ukuze uhlanganise amadigri ambalwa engeziwe okushisa, njalo ngokucophelela.

Mayelana nezindlela zamandla kagesi, ezijwayelekile yi-Auto, Manual, Offset, futhi, ezizukulwaneni eziningi ze-Intel, futhi. AdaptiveI-Auto ikhishwe ngaphandle; I-Manual ibeka i-voltage engaguquki (ngisho nalapho iphumule), engafuneki ukusetshenziswa okungu-24/7 ngenxa yokushisa okungadingekile. Ngokungathembeki, I-Offset ne-Adaptive yizo ezifaneleKunezinkundla lapho ukungazinzi kahle okuzinzile nge-Adaptive kungasekelwe ngendlela esingathanda ngayo, ngakho i-Offset iyindlela ephephile nengashintshi.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Offset kuvame ukwamukela okuthi “+” noma “-”. Khetha "-" ukuze ususe i-voltage Futhi iqala ngamavelu alondolozayo. Njengereferensi esebenzayo, abasebenzisi abaningi bathola ukuthi ukunqunywa kokuqala okungaba ngu-40 mV kuzinzile, kodwa yonke i-silicon chip ihlukile.

Ukuqinisekisa yilapho isikhathi siya khona. Azikho izinqamuleli ezithembekileUdinga ukulondoloza izinguquko ku-UEFI, qalisa isistimu, futhi wenze izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zokucindezeleka. Eminye imithwalo ene-AVX nangaphandle kwayo, hlola wonke ama-cores nochungechunge olulodwa, futhi uma ukhathazekile ngokuzinza okungu-24/7, vumela ukuhlola kusebenze phakathi kokuhlolwa. Amahora angu-8 nama-24 ngokulungiswa ngakunyeKuyadina, yebo, kodwa yikho okwenza umehluko phakathi kwesistimu ekahle kanye naleyo ephahlazeka lapho kwehla isigqoko.

Uma ngemva kwamahora amaningi konke kuhamba kahle, ungazama ukuhlanganisa amamilivolthi ambalwa engeziwe. Ngokushesha nje lapho uthola uphawu lokuqala lokungazinziIbuyela enanini elizinzile lokugcina. Nge-Intel, Imodi ye-Adaptive ingase futhi ibe usizo kuma-chips akamuva nezizukulwane, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi inkundla yakho iyiphatha kahle ngaphansi komsebenzi wakho wangempela ngaphambi kokuthatha ukuthi ifanelekile.

Ama-CPU e-AMD angaphansi: I-CPU VDDCR, Imodi Ye-Offset, kanye Nokuhlolwa Kwenkumbulo

Kumabhodi omama we-AMD (futhi, ngokwesibonelo, kwamanye amabhodi we-ASUS), uzobona ukulawula njengokuthi “I-VDDCR CPU Voltage"noma okufanayo. Inketho ye-Adaptive ngokuvamile ayitholakali lapha, ngakho..." Uzodlala kumodi ye-Offset Cishe ngokuqinisekile. Umqondo uyafana: inani elingalungile, izinyathelo ezincane, nokubekezela ngokuhlolwa.

Ezinye izindlela zisafana: ukuqinisekiswa okude nokuhlukahlukeneUkuhlola ukucindezeleka okuvamile ungasebenzisa i-Realbench noma i-AIDA64; uma futhi ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesilawuli sememori (IMC) kanye nenqolobane, sebenzisa amathuluzi afana I-Runmemtest Pro kanye ne-memtest Ingavimbela izimanga kumaseshini amageyimu noma imithwalo ye-CPU-RAM exutshiwe.

Njenge-Intel, i-AMD CPU ngayinye inokubekezelela kwayo ukwehla kwamandla kagesi. Amanye ama-chips amukela izaphulelo ezinkulu Abanye bahlala bengakhathali, kuyilapho abanye bezwela lapho bethintwa kancane. Kungakho indlela yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo nokuqinisekisa isikhathi eside kubalulekile uma ufuna iqembu eliqinile.

I-GPU Undervolting: Voltage/Frequency Curve kanye ne-MSI Afterburner

Inqubo ifinyeleleka kakhulu kumakhadi wehluzo, ngoba Awudingi ukuvula i-BIOSAmathuluzi anjenge I-MSI Afterburner Zikuvumela ukuthi uhlele ijika le-voltage/frequency futhi usethe amaphuzu athile ukuze i-GPU igcine imvamisa oyifunayo ngevolthi ephansi.

Umbono ulula: thola indawo lapho, ngokwesibonelo, I-GPU igcina imvamisa yayo yokudlala nge-voltage ephansiLokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokushisa, okwenza abalandeli bajikeleze kancane futhi kunciphisa umsindo. Umphumela ungaba umangalisa ezimweni ezincane noma amasistimu alwa nokushisa okuzungezile.

Kodwa alikho ijika le-universal. I-GPU ngayinye ine-silicon yayo ne-firmwareNgakho-ke okusebenzayo kuyunithi eyodwa kungase kungazinzi kwenye. Uma ungaqiniseki, bheka imihlahlandlela yemodeli ethile njengesithenjwa, bese ulungisa kahle ngekhadi lakho: yenza izinguquko ezincane futhi uhlole kumageyimu namabhentshimakhi owasebenzisayo ngempela.

Uyini umphumela wokugcina? Ezweni langempela, kuvamile ukugcina i-FPS efanayo ezihlokweni ezifunwayo, ngenzuzo ye ngaphansi kuka-8-12 ºC futhi wenze uhlelo luhlebe-luthule. Kungakho abantu abaningi beyeka ukufaka i-FPS noma ukuyeka ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza uhlaka: ngokungaphuli, ikhadi lezithombe alisacindezelwa ukushisa noma imikhawulo yomsindo engakhululekile.

Izingozi, imikhawulo kanye nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso

I-undervolt "ayiphuli" noma yini ngokwayo, kodwa Yebo, kungaphoqa ukungazinzi uma weqisa.Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka ukuphahlazeka kwegeyimu ngaphandle kwephutha elibonakalayo, ama-artifact ezithombe, nezinkinga ezifana nalezi VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOSTUkuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo noma izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokusika i-voltage, yisikhathi sokuhlehla.

Kuyasiza futhi ukubeka esimweni lokho othemba ukukuzuza. Uma ufuna ukusebenza okuphezulu ngazo zonke izindlekoKungase kungakufanelekeli. Ezimeni zokudlala ezincintisanayo, abanye bakhetha i-headroom eyengeziwe kunokuthula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma okubalulekile kwakho kuyizinga lokushisa kanye nomsindo, noma uma isistimu isendaweni eshisayo, ukungaziphathi kahle kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali okuyiziro.

Inothi elilodwa elengeziwe: Akukhona konke mayelana ne-chip.Ngezinye izikhathi inkinga yezinga lokushisa ibangelwa ukungahambi kahle komoya, i-heatsink enganele, noma abalandeli abaqondiswe ngokungalungile. Ngaphambi kokuxinwa ngama-voltage, hlola ukuthi ikesi liwuqeda kahle umoya oshisayo nokuthi i-heatsink oyisebenzisayo ikalelwe i-TDP yangempela ye-CPU/GPU yakho.

Ezinye izindlela zokungavimbeli: ukupholisa nokugeleza komoya

Uma ungabaza ukusebenza ngama-voltages, kunezindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokukwenza. Thuthukisa isipholile se-CPU Ingenza izimanga uma usebenzisa imodeli eyisisekelo ehlulekayo. Imodeli enendawo enkulu, amapayipi okushisa asebenza kahle kakhudlwana, noma ikhwalithi ye-AIO liquid cooler ingamisa amazinga okushisa ngaphandle kokuthinta i-BIOS.

I-chassis nayo ibalulekile. Ukugeleza komoya okucatshangelwe kahle -ukudla okuphambili/okuphansi kanye nokukhipha umoya ongemuva/okuphezulu—, ngezifeni zekhwalithi ezibekwe ngendlela efanele, zingasika amadigri amaningana ekushiseni kwazo zonke izingxenye. Ezimweni ezincane, ukucabangela imodeli enkulu noma eyodwa ene-mesh yangaphambili evulekile kushintsha ngokuphelele indawo eshisayo.

Ungakhohlwa abalandeli ngokwabo: Ezisezingeni eliphansi zinyakazisa umoya omncane futhi zinomsindo omkhulu; uma i Ijubane labalandeli bakho alishintshi ngisho nangesoftwareHlola izilawuli, izixhumi, namaphrofayela e-PWM. Ukulungisa amajika e-PWM ukuze asheshise kuphela lapho kudingekile futhi ukuhlanza izihlungi nama-radiator ngezikhathi ezithile kuwukunakekela okuyisisekelo abantu abaningi abangakunaki.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuzinza: izivivinyo zangempela nezikhathi

Iresiphi yokuzinza ihlanganisa ingcindezi yokwenziwa kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba wangempela. Okwe-CPUOkunye ukulayisha nge-AVX nangaphandle kwayo, sebenzisa izikhathi ezinde ze-AIDA64 noma i-Realbench, futhi wenze izivivinyo zememori ze-IMC kanye nenqolobane usebenzisa i-Runmemtest Pro ne-memtest. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza okungu-24/7, gcina lezi zivivinyo. phakathi kwamahora angu-8 nama-24 ngokulungiswa ngakunye Lokho kuhle, nakuba kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa uma wenza ukuphindaphinda okuhle.

Kuma-GPU, sebenzisa amageyimu akho abalulekile namabhentshimakhi aphusha ikhadi lifinyelele emikhawulweni yalo. Gada amazinga okushisa, ijubane lewashi eliqhubekayo, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. (uma isofthiwe yakho ikuvumela), futhi uqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile. Ungajahi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngokuqhubekayo: ukufinyelela isilungiselelo esizinzile nesithule kungcono kunokuklwebha ndawonye u-2°C kanye nokuphahlazeka okuyingozi.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuqedile, phila nokusetha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma kungeyona inkinga eyodwa evela ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonkeUzothola indawo yakho emnandi. Futhi uma kwenzeka okuthile okungajwayelekile, khumbula ukuthi ukukhuphuka okuncane kwama-millivolts kungabuyisa ukuzola ngaphandle kokujeziswa okushisayo.

Ingabe kuwufanele ngempela lokho? Kunini, futhi nini akunjalo?

Njengakho konke okuku-hardware, kuya ngenhloso. Uma okubalulekile kwakho kuwukuthula, ukushisa okuncane nokusebenza kahleI-Undervolting iyithuluzi elihle futhi elibuyiseleka emuva okuthi, uma lisetshenziswe kahle, lenze ukusebenza kwe-PC ngokugcwele. Noma ubani ohlangabezana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, imikhawulo yomsindo, noma ukuvalwa kokushisa kuzozuza ngokushesha.

Uma into yakho icindezela wonke ama-MHz kusistimu yakho, lokhu kungase kungabi indlela yakho. Ukusebenza ngomkhawulo ophelele Imvamisa idinga ama-voltages aphakeme kancane noma, okungenani, hhayi ukuwaphula. Kuyindaba yezinto eziza kuqala: ukunethezeka nokusebenza kahle ngokumelene nokusebenza okuphezulu. Kunoma yikuphi, ngaphambi kokukhipha ukungaziphathi kahle, kuzame ngamanani amancane; abaningi bayamangala ukuthi ingakanani i-silicon yabo engakwazi ukumelana nayo ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza.

Ngokubekezela, ukuhlolwa, nokuqonda okuvamile, I-Undervolting ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukusebenza okudingayo ngokunciphisa umsindo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nezinga lokushisa.Uma i-GPU yakho ibibangela abalandeli ukuthi baphendukele ku-75°C, maningi amathuba okuthi uma ulungiswa ngendlela eqinile, izokwehla ibe ngu-60-65°C ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yigeyimu eshelelayo. Kuma-CPU, ukudlala nge-offset, ukuqonda i-Vdroop, nokuhlonipha izilungiselelo ze-LLC kwenza umehluko phakathi kwesistimu ezinzile naleyo ethambekele ekubeni ne-overclocking. Futhi uma ungazizwa uthanda ukuxova ama-voltage, khumbula ukuthi ukuthuthukisa i-heatsink nokugeleza komoya kuseyisixazululo esiqondile, esongayo, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, esisebenza kakhulu.

Isihloko esihlobene:

Kwenzekani ngempela uma i-CPU yakho isiphelelwe amandla? Izimbangela, imiphumela, nezixazululo ezinemininingwane

UCristian Garcia

Uzifela ngobuchwepheshe kusukela esemncane. Ngiyakuthanda ukwaziswa kwamuva kulo mkhakha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuxhumana nawo. Yingakho ngizinikele ekuxhumaneni kumawebhusayithi emidlalo yevidiyo iminyaka eminingi. Ungangithola ngibhala nge-Android, iWindows, iMacOS, i-iOS, iNintendo nanoma yisiphi esinye isihloko esihlobene esifika emqondweni.