Funda indlela yokubona uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi uzivikele
Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma isofthiwe enonya, iwusongo oluqhubekayo emhlabeni wedijithali. Lezi izinhlelo eziklanyelwe ukulimaza, ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, noma ukuntshontsha ulwazi kumadivayisi akho namanethiwekhi. Kusukela ku-Trojans ne-ransomware kuya ku-spyware namagciwane, kunenhlobonhlobo yohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olungafaka engozini ukuphepha kwamasistimu akho. Kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi mayelana ukubona uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi uzivikele kulo, ukuze ugcine idatha yakho nobumfihlo buphephile.
Ukuthola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kungaba inselele, njengoba izigebengu ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze zifihle ubukhona bazo futhi zigweme ukutholwa. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lungangena kumadivayisi akho ngama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ifayela elingaphephile noma ukulanda izinhlelo zokusebenza, izixhumanisi ezinonya, noma ngisho nangobungozi besofthiwe kanye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, i- ikhono lokuhlonza amafulegi abomvu nokwenza ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwamadivayisi akho Kubalulekile ukukuvikela ezinsongweni ezingase zibe khona.
Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa eziyisixwayiso ezingase zibonise ukuba khona kwe-malware kumadivayisi akho. Ukwehla kwesistimu yokusebenza, izinhlelo ezingaziwa ezisebenza ngemuva, izinguquko kuzilungiselelo, nokuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwamadivayisi akho noma amanethiwekhi Zingezinye zezinkomba ezivame kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuphequlula amawebhusayithi angaphephile, ukulanda amafayela emithonjeni engathembekile, noma ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka. Qaphela lezi zimpawu futhi gcina inhlanzeko yedijithali Lezi yizenzo ezizokusiza ukuthi uthole futhi uvimbele izinsongo ezingaba khona.
Ukuvikelwa kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kubandakanya ukusebenzisa isethi yezinyathelo zokuphepha. Vuselela njalo amasistimu akho okusebenza, isofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unawo wonke amapeshi kanye nokuba sengozini okulungisiwe. Futhi, sebenzisa izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-antimalware ebuyekeziwe Izokunikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela. Ukusebenzisa ingqondo nakho kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema ukutheleleka. Gwema ukulanda amafayela noma izinhlelo zokusebenza emithonjeni engathembekile futhi ungachofozi izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ama-imeyili avela kubathumeli abangaziwa..
Ngamafuphi, funda ukuthola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi uzivikele ezinsongweni zalo Ibalulekile ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali. Ukwazi izimpawu ezibomvu nokugcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwedijithali, kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zakamuva, kuzokusiza ugcine amadivayisi akho nedatha kuphephile ekuhlaselweni okungase kube khona. Ungakubukeli phansi ukubaluleka kokuvikela kanye nokuqapha njalo ekulweni nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Gcina ukuphepha kwakho endaweni ebonakalayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Isingeniso sohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: ukuthi iyini nokuthi ikuthinta kanjani ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi
Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, kubalulekile ukuqonda uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha nokuthi lungakuthinta kanjani ukuphepha kwethu ku-inthanethi. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, oluvela enhlanganisela yamagama "ayingozi" kanye "nesofthiwe," isho noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesofthiwe eyingozi eklanyelwe ukungena kusistimu yethu futhi yenze izenzo ezingafuneki. Lezi zenzo zingasukela ekuntshontshweni kolwazi lomuntu siqu nolwezezimali kuye ekuphazamiseni ukusebenza okuvamile kwamakhompyutha ethu noma amadivaysi eselula. Ukufunda ukuthola nokuzivikela kulezi zinhlobo zezinsongo kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ubuqotho bedatha yakho nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi.
Kunezindlela eziningi uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olungangena ngayo kumadivayisi ethu. Ezinye zezindlela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ukulanda okunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili noma ukufaka isofthiwe emithonjeni engathembekile Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela lapho uchofoza izixhumanisi ezingaziwa noma ezisolisayo, njengoba Lezi zingakuqondisa kabusha kumawebhusayithi atheleleke nge-malware. Ukwengeza, amanye amakhasi ewebhu angase abe nemibhalo engalungile eklanyelwe ukusizakala ngobungozi esipheqululini sakho sewebhu. futhi ulande isofthiwe eyingozi ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho. Ukugcina iso kulawa maphuzu okungena angaba khona kuzokusiza ukuthi ugweme ukutheleleka nge-malware futhi uvikele ukuvikeleka kwakho ku-inthanethi.
Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa umthelela omubi kumasistimu akho nedatha. Izimpawu zokutheleleka zingahluka, kodwa ezinye izinkomba ezivamile zihlanganisa ukusebenza "okunensa" kwedivayisi yakho, izigelekeqe ezingafuneki, izinhlelo ezisebenza ngaphandle kwemvume yakho, noma izinguquko ezingalindelekile kuzilungiselelo zesistimu yakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuskena kwezokuphepha kocingo lwakho usebenzisa isixazululo esithembekile nesibuyekeziwe se-antivirus. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ugcina amasistimu akho okusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zibuyekeziwe, njengoba abakhiqizi bavame ukukhulula amapheshi nezibuyekezo zokuphepha ukuze balungise ubungozi obungaba khona. futhi ikuvikele ezinsongweni zakamuva zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.
Ngamafuphi, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lumelela usongo olukhulu ekuvikelekeni kwethu ku-inthanethi. Ukufunda ukuthola nokuzivikela kulezi zinsongo kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ubuqotho bezinhlelo zakho nedatha yomuntu siqu. Gwema ukulanda isofthiwe noma ukuvula izinanyathiselwa emithonjeni engathembekile, gcina amasistimu akho enolwazi lwakamuva, futhi usebenzise izixazululo ezithenjwayo zokulwa namagciwane ukuze uthole ukuskena okujwayelekile kokuphepha. Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha, ungaqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi futhi uphequlule i-inthanethi ngokuthula kwengqondo.
- Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nezici zazo eziyinhloko
Funda ukuthi ungayithola kanjani i-malware futhi uzivikele
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nezici zazo eziyinhloko
Izimpethu:
Izikelemu wuhlobo lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olusabalele ngokuzenzakalelayo kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izikelemu zingaphindaphinda futhi zidlulise kusuka kudivayisi eyodwa kuya kwenye ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi. Ezinye izici eziyinhloko zezikelemu yilezi:
– Zisakazeka ngokushesha futhi zingathinta inombolo enkulu yamadivayisi ngesikhathi esifushane.
- Awadingi ukunamathiselwa kunoma yiliphi ifayela noma uhlelo ukuthelela uhlelo. Bangasebenzisa ubungozi bokuphepha ukuze bangene.
- Bangasebenzisa inani elikhulu lezinsiza zesistimu, ezinganciphisa ukusebenza kwedivayisi ethintekile.
AmaTrojan:
Ama-Trojan awuhlobo lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha oluzifihla njengezinhlelo ezisemthethweni noma ezingenabungozi zokukhohlisa abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu abo. Ezinye izici eziyinhloko zamaTrojan yilezi:
– Afakwa ohlelweni lomsebenzisi ngaphandle kolwazi lwakhe, ngokuvamile ngokulanda noma okunamathiselwe kuma-imeyili.
- Bangakwazi ukuhlola umsebenzi womsebenzisi, bantshontshe ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma lwezezimali, futhi bavumele abahlaseli ukuthi bafinyelele isistimu bekude.
- Bangakhubaza noma badlule izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhona ohlelweni, kwenze kube lula ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha zingene ngesinyenyela.
I-Ransomware:
I-Ransomware iwuhlobo lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha oluhlose ukuduna amafayela omsebenzisi namasistimu futhi lufune isihlengo ukuze lukhishwe. Ezinye izici eziyinhloko ze-ransomware yilezi:
- Ibhala ngemfihlo amafayela omsebenzisi, avimbela ukufinyelela futhi angabangela ukulahleka kwedatha okungenakulungiseka.
- Ibonisa imiyalezo esabisayo noma izinsongo zokunxenxa umsebenzisi ukuthi akhokhe isihlengo.
- Ingasabalala ngama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukulandwa kwamafayela okungaphephile, noma ubungozi ohlelweni lokusebenza.
Kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezihlukene zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nezici zazo eziyinhloko ukuze uzibone futhi uzivikele ngendlela efanele. Sebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifana nokuba ne-antivirus ebuyekeziwe, ukugwema ukulanda amafayela emithonjeni engathembekile, nokugcina isistimu esebenzayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibuyekeziwe zingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka nge-malware. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, ezifana nokusebenza kancane kwesistimu, amafayela angaziwa noma izinhlelo, nemilayezo esolisayo, ukuze wenze ngokushesha futhi unciphise umonakalo obangelwa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Ngolwazi olufanele nokuqapha, ungagwema ukuba isisulu sohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi ugcine idivayisi yakho iphephile.
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-malware: kanjani ukukubona kudivayisi yakho
I izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-malware Angase ahluke kuye ngezici zesofthiwe eyingozi kanye nedivayisi ethintekile. Ezinye ze izimpawu ezivamile okungase kubonise ukuba khona kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kufaka phakathi:
- Ukwanda okukhulu kokusetshenziswa ye-CPU noma inkumbulo yedivayisi.
- Ukubonakala kwezigelekeqe ezingafunwa noma izikhangiso eziphazamisayo ngesikhathi sokuphequlula iwebhu.
- Ukunensa kwesistimu okungajwayelekile noma idivayisi.
- Ukubonakala kwezithonjana ezintsha noma izinhlelo ezingaziwa kudeskithophu noma ibha yomsebenzi.
- Ukungakwazi ukufinyelela noma ukusebenzisa imisebenzi ethile noma izinhlelo zocingo.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zokutheleleka, kubalulekile ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze uvikele idivayisi yakho kanye nedatha yakho yomuntu siqu.
Indlela yokwenza lokho thola ubukhona bohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kudivayisi yakho isebenzisa isofthiwe ebuyekeziwe ye-antivirus. Lawa mathuluzi angenza ukuskena okubanzi kohlelo lwakho ukuthola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nezinsongo Ukwengeza, kuyanconywa gcina isistimu yokusebenza nazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zisesikhathini samanje, njengoba onjiniyela bevame ukukhulula izibuyekezo zokuphepha ukuze balungise ubungozi obaziwayo obungase buxhashazwe izigebengu ze-inthanethi.
Enye indlela yokuthola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ukwenza Ukuskena ngezikhathi ezithile kwesistimu ngokuziphatha okuxakile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubheka ukusebenza kwedivayisi, ukuhlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi, nokuqapha ithrafikhi engenayo naphumayo, kanye nokubuyekeza amalogu emicimbi ngomsebenzi osolisayo. Kubalulekile futhi zifundise ngezinqubo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi futhi usebenzise ingqondo, ukugwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi noma ukulanda okunamathiselwe kwimithombo engathembekile nokugcina inhlanzeko yedijithali ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Izinyathelo zokuvikela ukukuvikela kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha
Izinyathelo zokuvikela zokuvikela kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha
Kunezinhlobonhlobo izinyathelo zokuvimbela yini ongayenza bona futhi bakuvikele ngempumelelo kusuka kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Isinyathelo sokuqala gcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nesofthiwe kusesikhathini ngezikhathi zonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi onjiniyela bakhulula njalo izibuyekezo zokuphepha ezimboza ubungozi obuveziwe. Futhi, qiniseka sebenzisa i-antivirus ethembekile nehambisana nesikhathi kudivayisi yakho njengoba lokhu kuzosiza ukuthola futhi kususe noma yiziphi izinsongo ezingaba khona ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.
Esinye isilinganiso esibalulekile Qaphela lapho uvula ama-imeyili futhi ulanda okunamathiselwe. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izindlela zobunjiniyela bokuxhumana nabantu ukuze bakhohlise abasebenzisi ukuthi balande amafayela anonya noma bachofoze izixhumanisi eziyingozi. Uma uthola i-imeyili esolisayo evela emthonjeni ongaziwa noma enokuqukethwe okungajwayelekile, kungcono kakhulu ungayivuli noma uchofoze noma yiziphi izixhumanisi ezinamathiselwe noma amafayela. Futhi, gwema ukulanda isofthiwe noma amafayela emithonjeni engathembekile, njengoba angase angenwe i-malware.
Okokugcina, umkhuba obalulekile wokuzivikela kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha yenza izipele ezivamile zedatha yakho. Lokhu kusho isitolo amafayela akho izinto ezibalulekile endaweni evikelekile, efinyelelekayo engaxhumekile ngokuqondile kudivayisi yakho eyinhloko. Ngokwenza lokhu, uma ngabe idivayisi yakho ifakwa engcupheni uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, uzokwazi buyisela amafayela akho ngaphandle kokuwalahlekela. Ungasebenzisa izinsiza zokulondoloza efwini noma wenze amakhophi ekhophi yasenqolobaneni kumadivayisi angaphandle, njengama-hard drive noma amadrayivu e-USB Futhi khumbula nqamula amadivayisi akho kunethiwekhi uma ungazisebenzisi ukwehlisa noma iyiphi ingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-malware.
Sebenzisa lokhu izinyathelo zokuvimbela Kuzokusiza ukuthi uvikeleke kakhulu kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Khumbula ukuthi imfundo kanye nekhono lokubona izimpawu zezinsongo ezingaba khona Zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha ku-inthanethi. Hlala unolwazi mayelana namasu akamuva okuhlasela nezincomo zokuphepha, futhi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye ukuze usize ukudala indawo yedijithali ephephe kakhudlwana yawo wonke umuntu.
- Ukubaluleka kokugcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe futhi usebenzisa izinhlelo ezithembekile zokulwa namagciwane
La ukubaluleka kokugcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe nokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezithembekile zokulwa namagciwane akukwazi ukubukelwa phansi ubudala bedijithali esihlala kuyo. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma isofthiwe eyingozi, iya ngokuya iba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ingadala umonakalo ohlelweni lwakho, idatha yakho, kanye nobumfihlo bakho. Ukugcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uvikelekile ezinsongweni zakamuva nokuba sengozini izigebengu nezigebengu ze-inthanethi ezizama ukukuxhaphaza.
Izinhlelo ezithembekile zokulwa namagciwane nazo zibalulekile ukuze uvikele ikhompuyutha yakho ezintweni ezingase zibe izinsongo. Lawa mathuluzi askena futhi athole uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha kusistimu yakho, alususe ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Ukwengeza, izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane zinganikeza nokuvikela. ngesikhathi sangempela, ivimbela amafayela angalungile ukuthi asetshenziswe kukhompuyutha yakho. Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlelo lokulwa namagciwane olunedumela futhi ulugcine lusesikhathini samanje ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okungcono ngokumelene nezinsongo ezihlala zivela.
Ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezithenjwayo zokulwa namagciwane kanye nokugcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini samanje, uthatha izinyathelo zokuthi thola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi uzivikele ngokuhlaselwa okungenzeka. Lezi zinyathelo azisizi nje kuphela ukuvikela idatha yakho nobumfihlo, kodwa futhi zikunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo lapho upheqa i-inthanethi futhi usebenzisa ikhompuyutha yakho. Khumbula ukuthi i-cybersecurity yisihloko esishintsha njalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngezibuyekezo zakamuva futhi ulandele izinqubo zokuphepha ezinhle ze-inthanethi ukuze ugcine isistimu yakho ivikelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Ungakugwema kanjani ukulanda uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lapho upheqa i-inthanethi
Ukuze ugweme ukulanda i-malware Lapho upheqa i-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde ukubona futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma isofthiwe eyingozi, ingathelela idivayisi yakho futhi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kudatha yakho nobumfihlo. Lapha sikunikeza izincomo ezithile zokugwema lolu songo:
Gcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nesofthiwe kusesikhathini samanje: Abathuthukisi be-Softwarebakhipha izibuyekezo zezikhathi ezithile ezixazulula ubungozi bokuphepha. Qiniseka ukuthi unezinguqulo zakamuva isistimu yakho yokusebenza, iziphequluli zewebhu, ama-plugin, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe. Futhi, vula izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlala uvikelekile ezinsongweni zakamuva.
Sebenzisa i-antivirus ethembekile: Ukuba ne-antivirus ebuyekeziwe nethembekile kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukulandwa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Lezi zinhlelo ziskena futhi zithole amafayela anonya ngaphambi kokuthi zithelele idivayisi yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha i-antivirus ethembekile futhi ugcine imininingwane yayo isesikhathini ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo.
Qaphela lapho uchofoza izixhumanisi futhi ulanda amafayela: Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukukukhohlisa ukuthi ulande uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukuvula izinanyathiselwa ezivela kuma-imeyili angacelwanga. Futhi, hlola i-URL ngaphambi kokuchofoza kusixhumanisi bese ulanda amafayela asuka emithonjeni ethembekile kuphela. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuvikela elifana nezihlungi zogaxekile ukuze zikusize ubone futhi uvimbele okuqukethwe okunonya.
- Ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe: amathiphu okwenza isipele nokugcina idatha yakho iphephile
Qiniseka unayo isivikelo esengeziwe Kubalulekile ukugcina idatha yakho ivikelekile. Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza lokhu ukwenza amakhophi ayisipele Izibuyekezo zezikhathi zamafayela akho abaluleke kakhulu namadokhumenti. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ube nekhophi ephephile uma ngabe idatha yakho yonakaliswa noma ilahleka. Ungakwenza lokhu usebenzisa izinsiza zefu njenge I-Google Drayivu noma I-Dropbox, noma ngokwenza izipele kuma-hard drive angaphandle.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokugcina idatha yakho iphephile ukuthi thola futhi ususe i-malware. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha isofthiwe eyingozi efakwe kudivayisi yakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho futhi ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ukuze uthole uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kuhle ukuthi usebenzise uhlelo olusha noluthembekile lwe-antivirus. Yenza ukuskena okujwayelekile kudivayisi yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ayinazo izinsongo ezisongelayo Ukwengeza, gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda izinanyathiselwa ezivela emithonjeni engaziwa, njengoba lezi ngokuvamile kuyizindlela eziyinhloko zokutheleleka.
Ungakhohlwa gcina zonke izinhlelo zakho nezinhlelo zokusebenza zisesikhathini samanje. Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka okuzokuvikela ezinsongweni zakamuva. Setha amadivayisi akho ukuthi abuyekeze ngokuzenzakalelayo noma enze izibuyekezo njalo wena. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebenzisa amaphasiwedi avikelekile ukuze uvikele amadivayisi akho nama-akhawunti aku-inthanethi. Gwema ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi asobala noma alula ukuwaqagela futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uwashintsha njalo. Ukwengeza, nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili lapho kunokwenzeka khona ukuze wengeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela.
- Okufanele ukwenze uma idivayisi yakho itheleleke nge-malware
Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuvikela okusebenzayo ngokumelene i-malware Kuyizici ezibalulekile ukuze ugcine ukuphepha kwamadivayisi akho. Uma usola ukuthi idivayisi yakho inegciwane, nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze ulungise isimo futhi uzivikele ngokuzayo.
1. Skena idivayisi yakho ngohlelo lokuvikela amagciwane: Esinye sezinyathelo zokuqala okufanele uzithathe ukwenza ukuskena okuphelele kwedivayisi yakho usebenzisa uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-antivirus. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone futhi ususe noma iyiphi i-malware noma amagciwane akhona kusistimu yakho.
2. Buyekeza isofthiwe yakho: Ukugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinhlelo zibuyekeziwe kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka nge-malware. Onjiniyela bahlale bekhulula amapeshi nezibuyekezo ezikhuluma ngobungozi obaziwayo, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ufaka zonke izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo.
3. Shintsha iphasiwedi yakho: Uma usola ukuthi idivayisi yakho inegciwane, kufanele ucabange ukushintsha wonke amaphasiwedi akho ngokushesha Lokhu kufaka phakathi amagama ayimfihlo asuka amanethiwekhi omphakathi, i-imeyili, ukubhanga ku-inthanethi, nanoma imaphi amanye ama-akhawunti owasebenzisa kudivayisi yakho. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ngokuvamile lungantshontsha ulwazi olubucayi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuvikela idatha yakho yomuntu siqu ekuhlaselweni okungase kube khona.
- Ukubaluleka kokufundisa kanye nokuqwashisa ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha emphakathini
Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lungenye yezinsongo ezinkulu ekuvikelekeni kwekhompyutha emphakathini okwamanje. Kubalulekile ukufundisa nokwenza abantu bazi ukuthi iyini i-malware nokuthi bangazivikela kanjani kuyo. Ukuchofoza nje isixhumanisi noma ukulanda ifayela kungaholela ekufakweni kwesofthiwe eyingozi ebeka engcupheni ubumfihlo nobuqotho bedatha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu aziswe futhi azilungiselele ukuthola nokuvimbela lolu songo.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kusukela kumagciwane nezikelemu kuya kuTrojans kanye ne-ransomware. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izici nokuziphatha kwazo ngamunye wabo. ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele. Ukufundisa ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlonza izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, ezifana nokusebenza kancane yekhompyutha, imilayezo yephutha engavamile noma ukubukeka kwezinhlelo ezingaziwa Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokugcina isofthiwe yakho kanye ne-antivirus kuvuselelwe ukuze ugweme ubungozi.
Ukuqwashisa ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha akuhlosile kuphela ukuvikela amadivayisi nedatha yomuntu siqu, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ukusabalala kwalezi zinsongo emphakathini. Ngokwazi ubungozi kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha, umuntu ngamunye ubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwendawo ebonakalayo ephephile kwabo bonke. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukwamukelwa kwemikhuba emihle, njengokwenza izipele ezivamile, ukugwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi noma ukulanda amafayela emithonjeni engathenjwa, nokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile. Ngokubambisana, singakwenza ngokumelene nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi sinciphise umthelela wako emphakathini wethu.
- Izincomo zokuvikela amadivayisi akho nedatha ngokuzayo
Izincomo zokuvikela amadivayisi akho nedatha esikhathini esizayo
Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lungenye yezinsongo ezinkulu emhlabeni wedijithali, futhi kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungalubona kanjani futhi uzivikele ngendlela efanele. Nazi ezinye izincomo ezizokusiza ugcine amadivayisi akho nedatha kuphephile ngokuzayo.
Njalo gcina amasistimu akho okusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zibuyekeziwe: Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela nokulungiswa kokuba sengozini. Qiniseka ukugcina okuningi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakwe kamuva ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlasela okungenzeka.
Sebenzisa izinhlelo ezibuyekeziwe ze-antivirus kanye ne-antimalware: Uhlelo oluhle lwe-antivirus lubalulekile ukuze uvikele idivayisi yakho ezifweni ezingase zibe khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ibuyekezwa njalo ukuze kutholwe izinsongo zakamuva. Yengeza isofthiwe yakho yesivikeli-magciwane ngohlelo olusha lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe nokutholwa okunembe kakhudlwana.
Qaphela lapho uphequlula i-inthanethi futhi ulanda amafayela: Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-malware kwenzeka ngokulanda noma ngokuvakashela amawebhusayithi anonya. Gwema ukulanda amafayela emithonjeni engathembekile futhi usebenzise amawebhusayithi aphephile kuphela. Ukwengeza, qaphela ama-imeyili asolisayo futhi ugweme ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezingaziwa noma okunamathiselwe ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa umsuka wazo.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.