Uyikhipha Kanjani Amagciwane I-PC Yami Ngaphandle Kokufometha

Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, amakhompyutha ethu abe ithuluzi elibalulekile lomsebenzi, ukuzijabulisa, nokuxhumana okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sisebenzisa ama-PC ethu kaningi, ingozi yokuthi angenwe amagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, nezinye izinhlelo ezingafuneki nayo iyanda. Abasebenzisi abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi bangayibulala kanjani amagciwane kwi-PC yabo ngaphandle kokuyifometha, njengoba lesi sixazululo singaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamafayela nezilungiselelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola amasu ahlukahlukene namathuluzi ezobuchwepheshe wokubulala amagciwane ku-PC yakho ngempumelelo nangokuphepha, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufometha.

Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhipha amagciwane ku-PC yakho ngaphandle kokufometha

Ukuvikeleka kwe-PC yakho kuwukukhathazeka njalo kulezi zinsuku. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe amagciwane kwi-PC yakho ngaphandle kokuyifometha. Nazi ezinye izinketho:

Ukuhlaziywa nokususwa kwe-malware ngohlelo lokuvikela amagciwane:

• Landa futhi ufake uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-antivirus ku-PC yakho.
• Yenza ukuskena kwesistimu okuphelele ukuze ubone futhi ususe noma iyiphi isofthiwe eyingozi.
• Landela imiyalelo yohlelo lwe-antivirus ukuze ukhiphe amagciwane ku-PC yakho.

Ukuhlanza amafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobane:

• Finyelela kuzilungiselelo zesistimu bese ubheka inketho yokuhlanza idiski.
• Khetha amafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobane ofuna ukuyisusa.
• Qalisa ukuhlanza bese ulinda ukuthi inqubo iqede.

Ukubuyisela endaweni yokubuyisela yangaphambilini:

• Finyelela kuzilungiselelo zesistimu futhi ubheke inketho yokubuyisela isistimu.
• Khetha indawo yokubuyisela yangaphambilini lapho wazi ukuthi i-PC yakho ibisebenza kahle.
• Landela imiyalelo bese ulinda ukuthi ukubuyisela kuqedwe.

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zindlela ziyasebenza ekubulaleni amagciwane kwi-PC yakho ngaphandle kokuyifometha, kodwa kuhlale kubalulekile ukufaka uhlelo oluhle lokuvikela amagciwane futhi wenze izikena ezijwayelekile ukuze uvimbele izifo ezizayo. Ukugcina i-PC yakho ivikelekile kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi kanye nobumfihlo.

Ukuhlaziywa nokususwa kwe-Malware ku-PC yakho

Ukuphepha kukhompyutha yethu kuhlala kuwukukhathazeka njalo. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma isofthiwe eyingozi, ingafaka ulwazi lwethu lomuntu siqu engozini futhi ifake engozini ukusebenza kwe-PC yethu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya kabanzi ukuthi singahlonza kanjani futhi sisuse kanjani uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.

Into yokuqala okufanele siyenze ukuqaphela izimpawu ezingase zibe khona zokutheleleka. Ezinye izimpawu ezijwayelekile zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha zihlanganisa ukusebenza kancane. ye-PCAmawindi azivelelayo angafuneki, izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekhasini eliyisiqalo lesiphequluli, noma ukuvela kwamabha amathuluzi engeziwe ngaphandle kwemvume yethu. Uma sihlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zinkinga, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokuhlaziya okufika ngesikhathi.

Kunamathuluzi akhethekile nezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokuthola nokususa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha ku-PC yakho. Ezinye ezidume kakhulu nezithembekile yilezi:

• I-antivirus: Ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus yakamuva kuzosisiza ukuthi siskene ikhompuyutha yethu ukuze sithole izinsongo futhi sizisuse.
• I-Antispyware: Lezi zinhlelo zigxile kakhulu ekutholeni nasekususeni izinhlelo ze-spyware eziqoqa ulwazi lomuntu siqu ngaphandle kwemvume yethu.
• Isivikelo Somlilo: I-firewall isinika ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe ngokuvimba ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ku-PC yethu.

Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwalawa mathuluzi akuqinisekisi ukuvikelwa okuphelele. Kubalulekile ukugcina njalo isistimu esebenzayo Gcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe futhi ugweme ukulanda izinhlelo namafayela emithonjeni engathenjwa. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukwenza ukuskena okuvamile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulanda noma ukufaka okuqukethwe okusha kukhompyutha yakho. Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha nokusebenzisa amathuluzi alungile, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi i-PC yakho ihlala ingenalo uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi ijabulela ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kwamafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobane yesistimu

Enye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokugcina isistimu yokusebenza esebenza kahle futhi esheshayo ingabe ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kwamafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobaneLawa mafayela anqwabelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi angathatha isikhala esibalulekile kokuthi i-hard driveLokhu kungathinta ukusebenza kwesistimu kukonke. Ukwenza lokhu kuhlanza njalo akugcini nje ngokukhulula isikhala sediski, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa isivinini sokulayisha uhlelo lokusebenza futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuba namaphutha.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu kuhlanza. Enye yezinketho ezivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekilenjenge-CCleaner noma i-Disk Cleanup ku-Windows, eskena ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi isuse amafayela angadingekile. Lawa mathuluzi futhi anekhono lokususa amakhukhi kanye nomlando wokuphequlula, okungaba usizo ekulondolozeni ubumfihlo bomsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Amasistimu okusebenza ngokuvamile anezinketho zawo zokuhlanza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, njengokuthi "Sula idatha yokuphequlula" kuziphequluli zewebhu.

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lapho uhlanza amafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobane, Enye idatha ingase isuswe ngokungenakuhlehliswa. Ngakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukwenza isipele wamafayela abalulekile ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlanza, ikakhulukazi uma kuhilela amafayela omuntu siqu noma ukumisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyatuswa gcina ithrekhi evamile yenani lamafayela ekhona kunqolobane nasemafayeleni esikhashana, ukuze kutholakale okungaqondakali okungenzeka noma ukweqisa okungase kudinge uphenyo olwengeziwe.

Ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile kwe-antivirus kanye nezinhlelo ze-antimalware

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwamadivayisi ethu nedatha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-antimalware ethembekile. Lawa mathuluzi asisiza ukuthi sithole futhi sisuse zonke izinhlobo zezinsongo zekhompyutha, ezifana namagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, i-spyware, ne-ransomware.

Lapho sikhetha uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-antivirus, kufanele sicabangele izici ezithile ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthi isoftware ibe nayo isizindalwazi Uhlu olubuyekeziwe lwezinsongo ezaziwayo namagciwane lubalulekile ukuze kutholwe futhi kukhishwe noma imaphi amafayela anonya. Ukwengeza, kuyanconywa ukuthi uhlelo lube lula futhi lungabi nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokusebenza. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlelo lokuvikela amagciwane lube nesixhumi esibonakalayo esinembile nesisebenziseka kalula ukuze noma yimuphi umsebenzisi azuze ngokugcwele kulo. imisebenzi yayo isivikelo.

Mayelana ne- izinhlelo zokulwa ne-malwareKubalulekile ukuthi lezi zibe nobuchwepheshe bokuskena ngesikhathi sangempelaukuthola nokuvimba noma yikuphi ukuzama ukuhlasela noma ukutheleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyanconywa ukuthi isofthiwe ivumele ukuhlela ukuskena okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idivayisi yethu ihlezi ivikelekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlelo lwe-antimalware lunikeze ithuba lokususa izinsongo ezitholiwe ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.

Isistimu yokusebenza nezibuyekezo zohlelo

Esikhathini sedijithali, ukuvuselela njalo amasistimu okusebenza nesofthiwe sekubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha nokusebenza okuphelele kwamadivayisi wethu. Izibuyekezo azilungisi kuphela iziphazamisi futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza, kodwa futhi zihlanganisa izici ezintsha nokuvikela ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Ukugcina amasistimu ethu okusebenza nesofthiwe kusesikhathini kubalulekile ukuze siqinisekise ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe olushelelayo.

Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuvuselela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuphepha. Abathuthukisi be-software basebenza kanzima ukuhlonza nokulungisa ubungozi emikhiqizweni yabo. Ngokufaka izibuyekezo zakamuva, siqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yethu ivikelekile ezinsongweni zakamuva nokuhlaselwa kwama-hacker. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibuyekezo zokuphepha ziqinisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha yomuntu siqu neyimfihlo, kuvimbela ukuvuza kwedatha okungaba khona.

Izinzuzo zokugcina amasistimu ethu evuselelwe:

• Ukuzinza okukhulu nokusebenza: izibuyekezo zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nesivinini samadivayisi wethu, kunciphisa amaphutha nokuphahlazeka okungalindelekile.
• Ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha: Ngokugcina amasistimu ethu okusebenza nezinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje, siqinisekisa ukuthi ziyahambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza namathuluzi akamuva.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenzelana komsebenzisi: Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izinguquko zobuhle nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenziseka, okusinikeza umuzwa onembile.
• Izici ezintsha: Ngesibuyekezo ngasinye, kuvamile ukuthola izici ezintsha namathuluzi athuthukisa ukukhiqiza kwethu nokujabulela amadivayisi.

Akufanele sikubukele phansi ukubaluleka kokugcina amasistimu ethu okusebenza nezinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje. Ukusetha izikhumbuzi ezivamile zokuhlola nokufaka izibuyekezo kuwumkhuba omuhle ozosivumela ukuthi sizuze ngokugcwele kubuchwepheshe bethu, siqinisekise ukuvikeleka, ukuzinza, nokusebenza okuphelele.

Ukubuyekeza nokususwa kwesofthiwe engadingeki

Kwesinye isikhathi, amadivaysi ethu agcwala isoftware engafuneki ngaphandle kwethu nokuqaphela. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yethu futhi kubeke ukuphepha kwedatha yethu engcupheni. Kulesi sigaba, sizoxoxa ngokubaluleka kokuhlola njalo isofthiwe yethu nokuthi ungayisusa kanjani noma yini esiyibheka njengengafuneki.

Ukuhlola isofthiwe engafuneki kuwumkhuba obalulekile wokugcina izisetshenziswa zethu zisesimweni esifanele. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe efakwe ngayo ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilandwe emithonjeni engathenjiwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza esizifakayo zivela emithonjeni ephephile neyaziwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukusebenzisa amathuluzi esofthiwe evikela amagciwane athembekile athola futhi asuse noma yiziphi izinhlelo ezingafuneki ezingase zibeke engcupheni ukuphepha kwethu.

Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezenziwa ngesandla zokuhlonza nokukhipha isoftware engafuneki. Ukuze siqale, singabuyekeza uhlu lwethu lwezinhlelo ezifakiwe futhi sikhiphe noma yiziphi esingazazi. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ekhethekile eklanyelwe ukuthola izinhlelo ezingafuneki ezingaveli ohlwini lwezinhlelo ezifakiwe. Lawa mathuluzi askena isistimu yethu ukuthola isofthiwe engadingeki futhi asivumele ukuthi siyisuse ngokuphepha.

Ukuvikela amafayela abalulekile nedatha ngokusebenzisa izipele

1. Izinhlobo zezipele ezivikelayo amafayela akho kanye nedatha:

Kunezindlela ezihlukene zokulondoloza ongazisebenzisa ukuze uvikele amafayela akho abalulekile nedatha ekulahlekeni noma ekulimaleni okungaba khona. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Izipele ezigcwele: Lokhu kudala ikhophi ephelele yawo wonke amafayela nedatha kusistimu yakho ngesikhathi esithile. Ziwusizo ekubuyiseleni isistimu yakho yonke, kodwa zithatha isikhala sokulondoloza esengeziwe.
• Izipele ezikhulayo: Lezi zenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni kuphela yamafayela nedatha eshintshile kusukela ekulondolozeni kokugcina, ukonga isikhathi nesikhala sediski. Nokho, ukubuyisela idatha kungaba nzima kakhulu.
• Izipele ezihlukile: Lezi zigxile ekwenzeni isipele amafayela nedatha eshintshiwe noma engezwe kusukela ekugcinweni kokulondoloza okugcwele okugcwele. Nakuba zithatha isikhala esincane kunezipele ezigcwele, ukutakula kungase kuhambe kancane.

2. Okucatshangelwayo ekukhetheni isistimu yokusekelayo:

Lapho ukhetha isistimu yokusekelayo efanele kakhulu yamafayela nedatha yakho, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezithile:

• Usayizi wesitoreji odingekayo: Inquma ukuthi singakanani isikhala sokulondoloza osidingayo ukuze wenze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yolwazi lwakho olubalulekile.
• Imvamisa yokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni: Setha ukuthi ufuna ukwenza izipele kangaki ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awulahlekelwa idatha yakamuva.
• Indlela yokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni: Cabangela ukuthi ukhetha ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ebonakalayo kumadrayivu angaphandle noma isixazululo esisekelwe emafini, esinikeza ukufinyeleleka okukhulu.

3. Amathuluzi esoftware okwenza izipele:

Ukwenza kube lula ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni nokugcina amafayela akho abalulekile nedatha kuphephile, kunamathuluzi esofthiwe ahlukahlukene atholakalayo. Ezinye zezinketho ezidume kakhulu nezithembekile zihlanganisa:

• I-Acronis True Image: inikeza izici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nezipele zesikhathi sangempela nokuvikelwa okusebenzayo kwe-ransomware.
• I-Backblaze: ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izipele ezizenzakalelayo efwiningesitoreji esingenamkhawulo kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula.
• I-SyncBack: ithuluzi lamahhala elinikeza izipele ezihleliwe nokuvumelanisa ifayela kuyo amadivayisi ahlukene.

Ukugcinwa okuvamile kwesistimu yokusebenza ukuvimbela izifo

Ukugcinwa okuvamile kwesistimu yokusebenza kubalulekile ukuvimbela izifo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwekhompyutha. Nazi izinqubo ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

Izibuyekezo zesistimu yokusebenza: Gcina njalo uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza Kubuyekezwe ukuze kusetshenziswe izithuthukisi zakamuva zokuphepha. Lungiselela izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo ukuze uzifake njalo futhi ugcine isistimu yakho ivikelekile ezinsongweni zakamuva.

Skena ngesofthiwe ye-antivirus: Sebenzisa isofthiwe ethembekile yokulwa namagciwane ukuze wenze ukuskena okujwayelekile kwanoma iyiphi i-malware noma amagciwane akhona ohlelweni lwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi i-antivirus yakho isesikhathini futhi uhlele ukuskena okuzenzakalelayo okujwayelekile ukuze kutholwe izinsongo ezingaba khona.

Ukuvikelwa kokuzulazula: Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuvikela esipheqululini sakho ukuze uvimbele amawebhusayithi anonya futhi uzivikele ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Futhi, gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda izinanyathiselwa ezingaziwa, njengoba zingaqukatha uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olufaka engozini ukuphepha kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

Imibuzo Nezimpendulo

Q: Kungani kubalulekile ukubulala amagciwane kwi-PC yami ngaphandle kokufometha?
IMP: Ukubulala amagciwane kwi-PC yakho ngaphandle kokufometha kubalulekile ukuze ususe amagciwane kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olungaphazamisa ukusebenza nokuvikeleka kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Ngokwenza le nqubo, ungagcina amafayela akho akhona nezinhlelo ngaphandle kokuthi ufomethe futhi ufake kabusha yonke into kusukela ekuqaleni.

Q: Yimaphi amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze kubulawe amagciwane ku-PC yami?
A: Ukuze ukhiphe amagciwane kwi-PC yakho ngaphandle kokufometha, uzodinga amathuluzi athembekile nakamuva e-antivirus, kanye nezinhlelo zokususa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Ezinye izinketho ezidumile zifaka i-Avast, i-AVG, i-Malwarebytes, ne-CCleaner.

Q: Yisiphi isinyathelo sokuqala sokukhipha amagciwane kwi-PC yami?
A: Isinyathelo sokuqala ukwenza ukuskena kwesistimu okugcwele ngohlelo lwakho lwe-antivirus. Qiniseka ukuthi isofthiwe isesikhathini ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ithola futhi isuse izinsongo zakamuva ze-inthanethi.

Q: Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma amagciwane noma uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kutholwa ngesikhathi sokuskena?
IMP: Uma uhlelo lwakho lokuvikela amagciwane luthola amagciwane noma uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, landela imiyalelo enikeziwe ukuze uwasuse ohlelweni lwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uqala kabusha i-PC yakho ngemva kokususwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi noma yiziphi izinsongo seziqedwe ngokuphelele.

Q: Ingabe kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuvikela amagciwane olungaphezu kolulodwa?
IMP: Akunconyiwe ukusebenzisa uhlelo olungaphezu kolulodwa lwama-antivirus ngesikhathi, njengoba lungangqubuzana futhi lwehlise ukusebenza kwesistimu. Kungcono ukukhetha uhlelo oluthembekile noluphelele lwe-antivirus olubuyekezwa njalo.

Q: Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma i-PC yami isahamba kancane noma inezinkinga ngemva kokukhishwa kwamagciwane?
IMP: Uma i-PC yakho iqhubeka nokuba nezinkinga ngemva kokubulawa amagciwane, ungase udinge ukufuna usizo olwengeziwe kuchwepheshe abasekela i-IT. Bangakwazi ukuhlaziya okujulile, bathuthukise isistimu yakho, futhi banikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Umbuzo: Ngingakugwema kanjani ukutheleleka okuzayo ku-PC yami?
IMP: Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka okuzayo, kubalulekile ukugcina isofthiwe yakho ye-antivirus isesikhathini samanje, landa izinhlelo kuphela emithonjeni ethembekile, ugweme ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo, futhi ungavuli izinamathiselo ze-imeyili ezivela kubathumeli abangaziwa. Ukwengeza, ukwenza ukuskena okujwayelekile kwe-PC yakho nokugcina izipele zakamuva zamafayela akho abalulekile nakho kuyanconywa.

Imibono kanye neziphetho

Sengiphetha, ukukhipha amagciwane kwi-PC yakho ngaphandle kokufometha kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha. Ngokulandela izinyathelo namathiphu anikezwe kulesi sihloko, ungenza inqubo ephumelelayo neqondile. Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela kubalulekile: faka uhlelo oluhle lokuvikela amagciwane kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha, gcina izinhlelo zakho nohlelo lokusebenza luvuselelwe, futhi ugweme ukulanda okuqukethwe okusolisayo. Ngokulungiswa okuvamile nokunakwa njalo, ungajabulela indawo yokusebenza yedijithali engenazo izinsongo elungiselelwe ukusebenza okukhethekile. Manje yisikhathi sokukhipha amagciwane ku-PC yakho futhi ususe ngokushesha nangempumelelo noma yikuphi umkhondo wohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha! Sikufisela inhlanhla, futhi kwangathi ulwazi lwakho lwekhompuyutha lungahlala luphephile futhi lwanelisa!