Ungalibona kanjani ukuthi nginegciwane ku-PC yami

Ezweni eliya ngokuya lixhumene, ingozi yokutheleleka ngegciwane lekhompiyutha iyinkinga eqhubekayo kubasebenzisi be-PC. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwalezi zinsongo kungaba semqoka ukugwema imiphumela eyinhlekelele ekuvikelekeni nasekusebenzeni kwamasistimu ethu Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela namathuluzi ezobuchwepheshe azosivumela ukuthi sithole ukuthi i-PC yethu ifakwe engcupheni yini. Ngendlela eqondile nengathathi hlangothi, sizohlinzeka abafundi ngokhiye abadingekayo ukuze babone futhi babhekane nale nkinga emhlabeni wedijithali.

1. Isingeniso sokutholwa kwegciwaneku-PC

Ukutholwa kwegciwane ku-PC Kungumsebenzi obalulekile⁤ ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwethimba lethu nokuvikela idatha yethu yomuntu siqu. Ngokusabalala kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha nezinye izinsongo zohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi, kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo olusebenzayo nolwakamuva lokuthola amagciwane.

Ngenhlanhla, namuhla kunezixazululo eziningi zesoftware ezisivumela ukuthi sithole futhi sisuse amagciwane ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa ama-algorithms athuthukisiwe ahlaziya ngokugcwele amafayela nezinqubo zamaphethini okuziphatha okunonya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zazo ziphinde zinikeze izici zokutholwa okusebenzayo, okusho ukuthi ziyakwazi ukuhlonza izinsongo nangaphambi kokuba zisebenze kusistimu yethu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukutholwa kwegciwane akugcini nje kuphela kumafayela esiwalandayo noma esiwavulayo, kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa imisebenzi ye-inthanethi. Amagciwane nezinye izinhlobo zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha zingasabalala amawebhusayithi izixhumanisi ezinonya noma ezikhohlisayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo lokuvikela amagciwane oluhlanganisa ukutholwa kosongo lwesikhathi sangempela kanye⁢ nokuvikelwa kumawebhusayithi ayingozi.

2. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokutheleleka ngegciwane ku-PC

Amagciwane ekhompyutha angabangela izimpawu ezihlukahlukene ku-PC ethelelekile. Uma usola ukuthi ikhompuyutha yakho inegciwane, kubalulekile ukubona izimpawu zokutheleleka okungenzeka. Ngezansi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongase ube nazo:

• Ukuziphatha okunensayo: Ukuba khona kwegciwane ku-PC yakho ngingakwenza ukusebenza jikelele kungase kuthinteke. Ungaqaphela ukuthi ikhompuyutha yakho ihamba kancane njengoba upheqa i-inthanethi, uvula izinhlelo zokusebenza, noma uyivula.
• Ukubukeka kwe amafasitela avelelayo: Uma uqala ukuthola izigelekeqe ezingafuneki, ikakhulukazi uma uvakashela amawebhusayithi ahlukene noma wethula izinhlelo zokusebenza, kungase kube uphawu lokutheleleka ngegciwane.
• Izinguquko kusiphequluli: Amagciwane ye-PC Bavame ukushintsha izilungiselelo zesiphequluli ngaphandle⁤ kwemvume yakho. Ungase uqaphele izinguquko ekhasini lasekhaya elizenzakalelayo noma injini yokusesha, ukuqondisa kabusha okungalindelekile kumawebhusayithi angaziwa, noma ukubonakala kwamabha wamathuluzi angafuneki.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula⁤ ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingase futhi zibe ngenxa yezinye izimbangela, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukwenza ukuskena kwesistimu okugcwele ngesofthiwe ethembekile yokulwa namagciwane uma kwenzeka kuba nezinsolo zokutheleleka. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuhlonzwa okunembile kwenkinga nokuqedwa kwayo okulandelayo.

3. Amathuluzi esofthiwe okuthola nokukhipha amagciwane

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi esoftware atholakalayo emakethe ukuthola nokukhipha amagciwane. ngempumelelo. Lawa mathuluzi enzelwe ukuvikela nokuvikela amasistimu ekhompiyutha ekuhlaselweni okunonya futhi aqinisekise ukuvikeleka kolwazi.

Amanye amathuluzi adume kakhulu⁢ yilawa:

• I-antivirus: Lezi zinhlelo ziskena amafayela ukuze zithole ikhodi enonya namagciwane aziwayo. Lapho bethola igciwane, banikeza izinketho zokulisusa noma ukulivalela.
• Ama-firewall: Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zikuvumela ukuthi uvimbele noma uhlunge ithrafikhi engafuneki eya noma esuka ohlelweni, ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukusabalala kwamagciwane ngenethiwekhi.
• I-anti-malware: Lezi zinhlelo zenzelwe ukuhlonza nokususa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, njenge-spyware, i-ransomware, ne-adware, okungaba yingozi kumasistimu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi alikho ithuluzi lesofthiwe elingenangqondo ngo-100%, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amaningana ndawonye ukuze uvikeleke ngokuphelele. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukugcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini futhi wenze izikena ezivamile ukuze ubone futhi uqede noma yiziphi izinsongo ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zidale umonakalo. Ungayeqi ukuvikela futhi ugcine amasistimu akho ephephile!

4. Iskena Sokuphepha se-PC: Izindlela Nezinyathelo Ongazilandela

Ukuskena kwezokuphepha kwe-PC yethu kubalulekile ekuvikeleni ulwazi lwethu lomuntu siqu kanye nokuqinisekisa indawo ephephile yedijithali Ngezansi kukhona ezinye zezindlela nezinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele sizilandele ukuze senze ukuskena okuphelele kwekhompuyutha yethu.

Izindlela zokuhlaziya ukuphepha:

• i-antivirus scan: Sebenzisa isofthiwe ethembekile yokulwa namagciwane⁢ ukuze uskene futhi uthole izinsongo ezingaba khona, ezifana namagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ne-spyware, kusistimu yethu.
• Ukuhlaziywa kobungozi: Yenza ukuskena kokuba sengozini ngamathuluzi akhethekile ukuze ubone ubuthakathaka ekucushweni kwesistimu yethu, izinhlelo zokusebenza namanethiwekhi.
• Ukulandelela imisebenzi okusolisayo: Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha umsebenzi ukuhlonza noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile noma izenzo ezingagunyaziwe ezingase zibonise ukugxambukela okungenzeka.

Izinyathelo okufanele uzilandele ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya okusebenzayo:

1. Gcina uhlelo lubuyekeziwe: Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinhlelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza nezishayeli zibuyekezwa ngezinguqulo zakamuva kanye namapeshi okuphepha.
2. Yenza amakhophi ayisipele avamile: Njalo yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yethu ebalulekile kumidiya yangaphandle evikelekile, njenge-hard drive yangaphandle noma ifu.
3. Qinisa amaphasiwedi: Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi ahlukile kuma-akhawunti ethu, futhi ucabange ukusebenzisa isiphathi sephasiwedi ukuze ulawule ngokuphephile.
4. Lungiselela i-firewall: ⁣ Sebenzisa futhi ulungiselele i-firewall ukuze uhlunge ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engafuneki futhi uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
5. Fundisa abasebenzisi: Nikeza ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe imikhuba emihle yokuvikela, njengokugwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda amafayela emithonjeni engaziwa.

5. Ukuhlonzwa kokuziphatha okusolisayo ku-PC

Ukuziphatha okusolisayo ku-PC kungase kube inkomba yezinsongo zokuphepha ezingaba khona. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela futhi ukwazi ukuhlonza lokhu kuziphatha ukuze uvikele ulwazi lwethu futhi ugweme ukuhlaselwa okungase kube khona. Ngezansi kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele sizicabangele:

• Izinguquko ekusebenzeni: Uma siqaphela ukuthi i-PC ihamba kancane noma ihlangabezana nokusebenza kabi ngokuvamile, kungase kube uphawu lokuthi kukhona isofthiwe engalungile ohlelweni.
• Ukuvela kwezinhlelo ezingaziwa: ⁤ Uma siqaphela ukuvela okungazelelwe kwezinhlelo ezingaziwa ku-PC, ikakhulukazi lezo esingakhumbuli ukuthi zizifakile, kubalulekile ukuphenya umsuka wazo futhi siqinisekise ukuthi zisemthethweni yini.
• Izinguquko zokucushwa: Uma izilungiselelo zokuphepha, njenge-antivirus noma i-firewall, zilungiswa ngaphandle kokungenelela kwethu, kungenzeka ukuthi zifakwe ebucayini ngaphandle kolwazi lwethu.

Ngokungeziwe kulezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukunaka ezinye izenzo ezisolisayo, njengokuvela kwezigelekeqe noma imilayezo ethusayo ngokungavamile, ukuvalwa kwe-antivirus ngokwakho, noma ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwemvume yethu. Uma sihlonza noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuziphatha ku-PC yethu, kuhle ukuba sihlaziye kahle uhlelo ngesofthiwe ebuyekeziwe ye-antivirus futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwezinto zethu zokusebenza nedatha.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela kanye nemfundo ekuvikelekeni kwekhompuyutha kubalulekile ukugcina amadivayisi ethu nedatha kuphephile. Ukugcina amasistimu ethu enolwazi lwakamuva, ukugwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda amafayela, kanye nokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile izinyathelo ezengeziwe ezingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa nokuvikela ulwazi lwethu lomuntu siqu kanye nolwazi lomsebenzi ku-PC.

6. ⁢Ukuvikela nokuvikela kumagciwane ekhompyutha

Izinhlobo zamagciwane ekhompyutha

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane ekhompyutha angathinta ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho. Ezinye ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ama-Keylogger: Lawa magciwane aqopha wonke ama-keystroke, avumela abaduni ukuthi bathole ulwazi olubucayi olufana namagama-mfihlo noma izinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu.
• Izikelemu: izinhlelo eziphindaphindayo futhi ezisakazwa ngenethiwekhi ngaphandle⁤ isidingo sokungenelela komuntu. Zingabangela ⁤umonakalo omkhulu, njengokuphahlazeka kwesistimu yonke.
• Ama-Trojans: Avame ukufihlwa njengesofthiwe esemthethweni yokukhohlisa abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumakhompyutha abo. Bavumela izigebengu ze-inthanethi ukuthi zilawule idivayisi yakho, zintshontshe idatha noma zihlole imisebenzi yakho ye-inthanethi.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Ukuze uvikele ikhompuyutha yakho kumagciwane ekhompyutha, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile zokuvimbela:

• Gcina uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza nezinhlelo zakho zibuyekeziwe: Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela alungisa ubungozi futhi avikele ezinsongweni ezintsha.
• Ungalandi okunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili noma isofthiwe emithonjeni engathembekile: Amanye amagciwane asakazwa ngezinanyathiselwa ze-imeyili noma ngokulanda ku-inthanethi. Qiniseka ukuthi aphuma emithonjeni ephephile ngaphambi kokuwavula.
• Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus ethembekile: Faka uhlelo lwakamuva lwe-antivirus futhi wenze ukuskena okujwayelekile kwesistimu yakho ukuze uthole futhi ususe izinsongo ezingaba khona.

Ukwesekwa kwedatha nokuqwashisa

Esinye isinyathelo esibalulekile ukufeza izipele Hlola idatha yakho ngezikhathi ezithile endaweni ephephile, njengoba lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthole ulwazi uma kwenzeka uhlaselwa yigciwane. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinqubo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, njengokungachofozi izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukwabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu kumasayithi angaphephile. Ngemfundo⁤ kanye nokuqwashisa, ungakwazi ukuvikela kangcono⁢ ikhompuyutha yakho futhi wehlise ingcuphe yokutheleleka ngegciwane lekhompyutha.

7. Ukubuyekeza ngezikhathi ezithile nokuskena: ukhiye wokugcina i-PC engenamagciwane

Kubalulekile ukugcina i-PC ingenawo amagciwane ukuze yenze izibuyekezo ezivamile kanye nokuskena. Lezi zenzo zibalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka⁢ kanye nokusebenza kahle⁢kwekhompyutha yakho. Ngezansi eminye imihlahlandlela ebalulekile okufanele uyilandele:

• Izibuyekezo Zesistimu Esebenzayo: Gcina eyakho isistimu esebenzayo ibuyekezwa ngezinguqulo zakamuva namapeshi okuvikela. Lokhu kusiza ukuvala ubungozi obungase busetshenziswe amagciwane nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.
• Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe: Ngaphezu kwesistimu yokusebenza, kubalulekile ukugcina zonke izinhlelo ezifakiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza kusesikhathini samanje. ku-PC yakho. Onjiniyela abaningi bavame ukukhipha izibuyekezo ezifaka ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka nokutholwa kosongo.
• Ama-Antivirus scans: Sebenzisa uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-antivirus ukuskena ikhompuyutha yakho njalo ukuze uthole izinsongo ezingaba khona. Qiniseka ukuthi i-antivirus yakho ibuyekeziwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kumagciwane akamuva nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.
• Ukuskena okulwa ne-malware: Ngokungeziwe ku-antivirus, kuyancomeka futhi ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokulwa ne-malware ukuskena i-PC yakho ngezinhlelo ezinonya namafayela okungenzeka anganakwa. Abanye izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane Kubandakanya izici ezilwa ne-malware, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa isixazululo se-in-one.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina i-PC yakho iphephile. Setha izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo kokubili isistimu yokusebenza nesofthiwe, ngale ndlela uqinisekisa ukuthi zihlala zihambisana nesikhathi. Yenza ukuskena kwezikhathi ezithile okuhleliwe ukuze uthole futhi⁢ uqede noma yiziphi izinsongo ezingaba khona. Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo, ungajabulela i-PC engenamagciwane futhi uvikele ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu.

Imibuzo Nezimpendulo

Buza:
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukuthi PC yami inegciwane?

Impendulo:
Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zokuthi i-PC yakho ingase itheleleke ngegciwane zihlanganisa: okungavamile, ukusebenza kancane, izigelekeqe ezivela ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, izinhlelo ezizivulayo noma ezizivalayo ngokwazo, amafayela noma izinhlelo ezinyamalalayo noma ezinyamalalayo ezingafinyeleleki imiyalezo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinguquko zokucushwa kwesistimu ⁤ngaphandle kokugunyazwa.

Buza:
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi i-PC yami inegciwane?

Impendulo:
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokubona ukuthi i-PC yakho inegciwane. Ungasebenzisa izinhlelo ezithenjwayo zokulwa namagciwane ukwenza ukuskena kwesistimu okuphelele kunoma yiziphi izinsongo ezingaba khona. Futhi, naka izimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, ezifana nokusebenza kancane noma okungajwayelekile, izigelekeqe ezingafuneki, nezinguquko kuzilungiselelo zesistimu ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kwakho.

Buza:
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi i-PC yami inegciwane?

Impendulo:
Uma usola ukuthi i-PC yakho inegciwane, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze uvikele imininingwane yakho futhi unciphise umonakalo ongase ube khona. Okokuqala, yeka noma yimuphi umsebenzi kukhompyutha, yinqamule ku-inthanethi futhi wenze ukuskena okuphelele ngohlelo olubuyekeziwe lwe-antivirus. Uma uhlelo luthola izinsongo, landela imiyalelo ukuze ulususe ngokuphephile.⁣ Uma isimo siqhubeka noma uma ungazethembi ngokuqhubekela phambili,⁤ funa usizo lochwepheshe bezokuphepha bekhompyutha.

Buza:
Ngingakugwema kanjani ukutheleleka ngegciwane ku-PC yami?

Impendulo:
Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka ngegciwane ku-PC yakho, kubalulekile ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo. Gcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nesofthiwe kubuyekezwe ngeziqephu zakamuva nezinguqulo. Gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukuvula izinanyathiselwa ezivela kuma-imeyili angacelwanga. Faka uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-antivirus futhi ulugcine luvuselelwe. Ukwengeza, gwema ukulanda amafayela kumawebhusayithi angathembekile noma ukwabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu ku-inthanethi ngendlela enganakekeli.

Buza:
Ngingakwazi yini ukususa igciwane ngokwami?

Impendulo:
Ezimweni eziningi, kungenzeka ukususa igciwane ngokwakho ngokulandela izinyathelo ezifanele nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuvikela. Nokho, akuwona wonke amagciwane adalwe alingana, futhi amanye kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukuwasusa kunamanye. Uma uzizwa ungaqiniseki noma uma ⁤uhlelo lwe-antivirus⁢ lungakwazi ukususa igciwane, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ufune usizo lochwepheshe bezokuphepha bekhompyutha ukuze uthole iseluleko somuntu siqu⁢nosizo.

Ekuphetheni

Kafushane, ukuthola ukuthi unegciwane yini ku-PC yakho kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwekhompyutha yakho. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sihlole izindlela ezahlukahlukene kanye namathiphu obuchwepheshe ukuhlonza ukuba khona kwesoftware enonya kusistimu yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze unciphise umonakalo ongaba khona futhi uvikele ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu. Uma usola ukuthi i-PC yakho inegciwane, siyakunxusa ukuthi ulandele izinyathelo esizishilo futhi uxhumane nochwepheshe bezokuphepha bekhompyutha uma kunesidingo.

Hlala uqaphile futhi uqhubeke nokwenza imikhuba emihle yokuvikela, njengokubuyekeza njalo izinhlelo zakho, ukulanda isofthiwe kuphela emithonjeni ethembekile, nokugwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma okunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili.

Ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo nokuhlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva ze-inthanethi, ungakwazi ukuvikela i-PC yakho ekungeneni okungase kube khona futhi ugcine ubuqotho bedatha yakho. ⁣Ungathathi izingozi ezingadingekile futhi uhlale ubeke phambili⁢ ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi empilweni yakho yedijithali. Ikhompyutha yakho nokuthula kwengqondo kuzokubonga.