Ungayivimba kanjani irutha yakho ukuthi ingavuzi indawo yakho ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho

¿Ungayivimba kanjani irutha yakho ukuthi ingavuzi indawo yakho ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho? Siphila ethe njo kumafoni ethu, nge I-GPS ne-Wi-Fi zivuliwe cishe usuku lonkeFuthi asivamile ukuma ukuze sicabange ngokuthi yiluphi ulwazi olwabiwa ngemuva, noma ukuthi lusetshenziswa kanjani Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuvimba ama-trackers ku-AndroidOlunye lwezingcezu zolwazi oluzwela kakhulu indawo okuyo, hhayi nje leyo yocingo lwakho: neyakho Irutha ye-Wi-Fi noma indawo yokufinyelelaokungagcina kusizindalwazi somhlaba wonke ngaphandle kokuthi wenze noma yini.

Ngemuva kokuvula i-Google Maps nokwenza indawo yakho ivele cishe ngaso leso sikhathi kukhona uhlelo olukhulu lokuqoqa idatha. Irutha yakho ingase ibhaliswe nezinsizakalo ezivela ku-Apple, Google, noma ezinye izinkampani, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, eyakho Umhlinzeki we-inthanethi kanye nenqwaba yamawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza Baphinde bazame ukuthola ukuthi ukuphi nokuthi wenzani ku-inthanethi. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka kabanzi ukuthi konke lokhu kusebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayenza ngakho. vimbela umzila wakho ekuvuzeni indawo yakho ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho futhi unciphise ukulandelela ngokujwayelekile.

Isebenza kanjani i-Wi-Fi Positioning System (WPS) nokuthi kungani ithinta umzila wakho

Ngemuva kwe-geolocation esheshayo oyibona ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zemephu kunomshini omkhulu obizwa ngokuthi I-Wi-Fi Positioning System (WPS)Ayihlangene nenkinobho ye-WPS yerutha yokuxhuma amadivayisi, kodwa inemininingwane yolwazi emikhulu egcinayo izixhumanisi ezilinganiselwe zezigidi zamaphoyinti okufinyelela e-Wi-Fi zihlakazeke emhlabeni wonke.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi umuntu one-a i-smartphone ene-GPS namasevisi wendawo anikwe amandla Uma idivayisi yakho idlula eduze kwerutha yakho, ingaskena amanethiwekhi aseduze, ithumele lolo hlu (nezihlonzi zendawo yokufinyelela) kumaseva e-Apple, Google, noma ezinye izinkampani, futhi ngokushintshana, ithole izinga ngokushesha. Kuleyo nqubo, i I-BSSID kanye nendawo eseduze yerutha yakho Bangagcina behlotshaniswa kusizindalwazi sabo, ngisho noma ungenayo iselula noma ungakaze ufake izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza.

Lolu hlelo luvumela ifoni ukuthi isebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho uvula uhlelo lokusebenza lwemephu, ngaphandle kokulinda amasathelayithi e-GPS ukunikeza indawo ezinzile, okungathatha imizuzu embalwa. Kunalokho, ifoni... qhathanisa amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi aseduze Ngaleso sizindalwazi esikhulu, uthola indawo eseduze ngokushesha. Bese ungayihlanganisa ne-GPS, idatha yenethiwekhi yeselula, nezinye izinzwa ukuze wenze ngcono umphumela.

Kodwa akugcini lapho. Ngisho amadivaysi angenayo i-GPS, njengamakhompyutha aphathekayo noma amanye amathebulethiBangasebenzisa lolo lwazi olufanayo. Bamane badinga ukuthumela uhlu lwamanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi abonakalayo kusevisi ye-geolocation, ezobese ibuyisela izixhumanisi ezilinganiselwe; yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi thola ukuthi ifoni yakho ye-Android ine-spyware futhi uvimbele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisolisayo ekuthumeleni idatha ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ucwaningo olufana nalolo oluvela eNyuvesi yaseMaryland (UMD) lukhombisile ukuthi, ngemikhawulo embalwa, kungenzeka dala amamephu erutha anemininingwane futhi kukhishwe amaphethini okuhamba, imikhuba, noma ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yokulandelela abantu.

Isihlonzi esingukhiye esisetshenziswe kukho konke lokhu yi- I-BSSID yendawo yokufinyelelaLokhu ngokuvamile kuhambisana nekheli le-MAC lesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Wi-Fi yerutha (noma okuhlukile okusondele kakhulu). Lolu lwazi ludluliselwa ngombhalo ocacile kumabhakhoni e-Wi-Fi, ngakho noma iyiphi idivayisi eseduze ingaluthatha ngaphandle kokuxhuma kunethiwekhi.

Izingozi zokutholakala komzila wakho

Uma uthi nhlá, kungase kubonakale sengathi cishe indawo yomzila Akuyona indaba ebucayi kakhulu: phela, noma ubani ohamba emgwaqweni wakho useyazi okuningi noma okuncane lapho uhlala khona. Kodwa kunezimo lapho indawo yokufinyelela iba ulwazi olubucayi kakhulu, noma okungenani lusebenziseke kakhulu ezinkampanini zangaphandle ezinezintshisekelo ezahlukahlukene.

Isibonelo sokuqala esicacile yilesi amatheminali e-inthanethi yesathelayithi, njenge-StarlinkLawa madivayisi ngokuvamile adala inethiwekhi yasendaweni ye-Wi-Fi ukuze abasebenzisi baxhume kuyo. Uma idivayisi ingatholakala kusetshenziswa i-WPS, ngokusebenza, kuyenzeka... landelela indawo yomsebenzisi noma ngabe basendaweni eqhelile, endaweni yezingxabano zamasosha, noma umsebenzi ophuthumayo. Kwezinye izimo, ukwazi indawo ngqo yalawa matheminali kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezokuphepha.

Esinye isimo esibucayi yileso se- ama-hotspots eselula asetshenziswa kwezokuvakasha nasebhizinisiniAbantu abaningi babelana ngoxhumano lwabo lwe-inthanethi besuka ku-router ye-4G/5G elingana ephaketheni noma umakhalekhukhwini wabo namakhompyutha aphathekayo namanye amadivaysi. Le "rutha ehambayo" ingakuphelezela ukuya imihlangano, amahhotela, imibukiso yezohwebo kanye nokuvakashaukuvumela othile oqoqa idatha ye-WPS ukuthi acabangele amaphethini akho okuhamba, ukuthi uhamba kangaki nokuthi uyaphi.

Kudingeka futhi sicabangele izimoto, izikebhe, izikebhe, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimoto izindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi ezingunaphakadeUkwazi indawo yalawa ma-routers ngokuhamba kwesikhathi angeke kwembule imizila evamile kuphela, kodwa futhi nezikhathi ezichithwe echwebeni elifanayo, izindawo zokupaka ezivamile, njalonjalo. Ngisho nangaphandle kokwazi ubunikazi bomnikazi ekuqaleni, lolu lwazi lungase luqondiswe ngokuphambene nenye idatha.

Isimo sesithathu, esintekenteke, yileso abantu abathuthela kwelinye ikheliKuyinto evamile ukuthatha umzila wakho noma indawo yokufinyelela uyiyise ekhaya lakho elisha. Uma othile exhume kunethiwekhi yakho, noma kanye nje, endlini yakho yangaphambilini (umakhelwane, isivakashi, owake waba nguzakwethu…), leyo divayisi isengakwazi ukubona i-BSSID efanayo, ngosizo lwezinsizakalo ze-geolocation, thola lapho oye wahlala khonaKwabaningi, kuyoba nje ilukuluku, kodwa kwabahlukunyezwayo, ubudlova bobulili, noma izinsongo, kungaba yingozi enkulu kakhulu; yingakho kubalulekile ukufunda ukuthi kanjani. thola i-stalkerware ku-Android noma i-iPhone uma usola ukuthi kukhona abakulandelayo.

Imikhawulo yangempela yokulandela umkhondo we-WPS

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu okungenhla, kufanelekile ukubeka izinto esimweni: i Ukulandelela nge-WPS akuyona indlela eshesha kakhulu futhi enembile kakhulu lokugadwa. Eqinisweni, inemikhawulo eminingana enciphisa kakhulu ingozi yayo engokoqobo ezimweni eziningi zansuku zonke.

Okokuqala, ukufaka irutha kuzinqolobane ze-WPS akusheshi. Ucwaningo lwe-UMD lubonise ukuthi a Indawo entsha yokufinyelela ingase ithathe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili neziyisikhombisa. ukuze ivele ezinhlelweni ze-Apple noma ze-Google, inqobo nje uma isakaza njalo isendaweni efanayo. Uma uhamba nerutha yeselula uye endaweni lapho ozoba khona amahora ambalwa noma izinsuku ezimbalwa, kungenzeka ukuthi lokho kunyakaza akusoze kwabonakala kumephu yomhlaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze irutha ithathwe “njengekhandidethi” ukuze ifakwe kusizindalwazi, kufanele ibe njalo Kutholwe ama-smartphones ambalwa ane-geolocation esebenzayoUkuskena okukodwa, okukodwa ngokuvamile akusebenzi. Ezindaweni ezinabantu abambalwa, emigwaqweni yesibili, noma ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, indawo yokufinyelela kalula ingabonwa izinyanga noma ingunaphakade.

Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi i-WPS isuselwe ku-BSSID, kanye ne- Izindinganiso ze-Wi-Fi zivumela ukwenziwa ngokungahleliwe kwaleso sihlonziUma irutha isekela lesi sici futhi inikwe amandla, i-BSSID iyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamadivayisi axhunyiwe (indawo yokufinyelela ngokwayo ilawula ukuguqulwa). Leli qhinga lenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphinda ukhombe irutha ethile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lo mbono uyafana nalowo we Ikheli le-MAC eliyimfihlo ku-Android, iOS, ne-WindowsLokhu kubangela ukuthi idivayisi yakho yeselula ishintshe ubunikazi bayo uma iskenela amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ikulandele. Endabeni yezindawo zokufinyelela, ukwenza ngokungahleliwe kwe-BSSID kunciphisa kakhulu amandla okwakha imizila enembile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokusekelwe kuleso sihlonzi.

Ngakho-ke, nakuba i-WPS ibeka ubungozi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imvamisa engaqondile futhi engacolisiswanga kakhulu kunezinye izindlela ukugada nokulandelela, njengokulandelela ngamanethiwekhi eselula, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezimvume ezeqile, amakhukhi ezinkampani zangaphandle, izigxivizo zeminwe zesiphequluli, noma idatha evela ku-opharetha uqobo.

Ungayivimba kanjani irutha yakho ukuthi ingezwe kusizindalwazi se-Apple ne-Google

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi bobabili i-Apple ne-Google banikeza indlela eyaziwa kancane kodwa esebenza kahle kakhulu ungafaki indawo yokufinyelela ye-Wi-Fi kusizindalwazi sakho sendawoAkudingekile ukuthi ushayele noma ubani noma ugcwalise ifomu: vele ushintshe igama lenethiwekhi yakho.

Iqhinga ukufaka isijobelelo _noma ekugcineni kwe-SSID (igama lenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi). Uma inethiwekhi yakho ibizwa njengamanje, isibonelo, IWiFiAtHomeKuzodingeka uyiqambe kabusha into efana nale TheWiFiAtHome_NoMapLeso sijobelelo sitshela izinsiza ze-WPS ukuthi Akumele bagcine noma basebenzise indawo yakho yokufinyelela ngezibalo zendawo yabo.

Lesi sixazululo sisebenza kuwo womabili ama-routers asekhaya kanye izindawo zokufinyelela ehhovisi noma zamabhizinisi amancaneKungesinye sezinyathelo ezilula neziqondile ongazithatha uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi indawo yomzila wakho ingase igcine isiyingxenye yemephu yomhlaba ephethwe abantu besithathu.

Uma ungathandi ukuthi igama lizwakala kanjani, ungalihlanganisa namanye amagama (isibonelo, ihlaya langaphakathi, isibizo…), kodwa isijobelelo kufanele sihlale njengoba sinjalo. _noma ekugcineni kwe-SSID ukuze iqale ukusebenza. Ukushintsha igama akuthinti ukuphepha (ukhiye, ukubethela, njll.), kodwa kuzodinga lokho Sicela ufake kabusha iphasiwedi kuwo wonke amadivayisi.Ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukwazisa abantu ekhaya noma ehhovisi ngaphambi kokukwenza.

Njengesilinganiso esengeziwe salabo abavame ukushintsha ikheli labo, inketho ethokozisayo qasha irutha ku-opharetha esikhundleni sokuyithengaNgale ndlela, lapho uhamba, ubuyisela idivayisi (kanye ne-BSSID ehlobene nayo ekhelini lakho elidala) futhi uthole elisha endaweni yakho entsha. Akukona ukuvikeleka okuphelele, kodwa kunciphisa umkhondo womlando oxhunywe kudivayisi.

Ukusebenzisa amarutha ane-BSSID engahleliwe kanye ne-firmware ethuthukisiwe

Uma ufuna ukuqhubekisela phambili ubumfihlo bakho, ngale kwe-_nomap, ungase ucabange ukusebenzisa a I-router evumela i-BSSID randomizationAbanye abakhiqizi namaphrojekthi ezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha anomthombo ovulekile, njengamarutha athile e-Supernetworks, basebenzisa lesi sici ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuhlanganiswa ne-firmware yomthombo ovulekile.

Alternative firmwares ezifana I-DD-WRT Baphinde bafake inketho ye-BSSID engahleliwe, inqobo nje uma i-router hardware iyisekela. Ngale ndlela, isihlonzi esibonwa amadivayisi aseduze siyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu kumasevisi e-geolocation noma izinkampani zangaphandle ukuhlonza umzila. yakha irutha "umugqa wempilo" nokuthola ukuthi ngumuntu ofanayo owayekwelinye ikhaya noma kwelinye izwe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule.

Leli su lithakasela kakhulu izindawo zokufinyelela kumaselula, amarutha ezimotweni, ezikebheni noma ezindlini zezimotolapho ukunyakaza kuhlala njalo. Noma ngabe i-WPS inokubambezeleka kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ukuvimbela leyo BSSID ukuthi izinze kuphinde kube nzima ukulandelela.

Endabeni yama-smartphones asetshenziswa njenge-hotspot, kuhle ukuthi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela izilungiselelo. Kuma-iPhones, isibonelo, Asikho isilungiselelo esiqondile sokuvumela ukwenza ngokungahleliwe kwe-BSSID kuma-hotspots womuntu siquNokho, i-Apple ixhumanisa lokhu kuziphatha nokusetshenziswa kwenketho ethi "Ikheli Le-Wi-Fi Yangasese" kumanethiwekhi lapho ifoni ngokwayo ixhumeka khona. Uma wenza lesi sici sisebenze kwamanye amanethiwekhi (Izilungiselelo → Wi-Fi → cindezela inethiwekhi → vula "Ikheli Le-Wi-Fi Yangasese"), ifoni izoqala Yenza ngokungahleliwe i-BSSID lapho wabelana nge-inthanethi njengendawo yokufinyelela.

Ku-Android, isimo siyahlukahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi nenguqulo yesistimu. Ezinye zihlanganisa izilungiselelo ngqo ze- i-hotspot ene-MAC engahleliwe noma i-BSSID enamandlaKwezinye izimo, uzothembela kusixhumi esibonakalayo somkhiqizi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza/i-firmware yenkampani yangaphandle. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlola amamenyu "e-Wi-Fi Hotspot / Ukwabelana Nge-inthanethi" noma ubheke imibhalo yemodeli yakho ethile.

Amatheminali e-Starlink nezixazululo ezifanayo nazo ziyaqala thola izibuyekezo zesofthiwe okwenza kusebenze ukwenziwa kwe-BSSID ngokungahleliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, okungenani ngokuya ngalokho inkampani ngokwayo ekukhulumile kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2023. Kungumnyakazo onengqondo esimweni lapho lawa madivayisi angase asebenze ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu.

Ungayivimba kanjani inkampani yakho yenethiwekhi nesiphequluli ekuvezeni indawo yakho

Ngale kwe-WPS, kukhona omunye ukhiye ongaphambili: i idatha eqoqwe inkampani yakho yenethiwekhi, isiphequluli sakho, nezinhlelo zokusebenza oyisebenzisa nsuku zonke. Izinsiza eziningi "zamahhala", izinkundla zokuxhumana, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ziphumelela ngokunembile ngokusebenzisa ulwazi olunikezayo, okuhlanganisa indawo, imikhuba yokuphequlula, amashejuli, izintshisekelo, noma amaphethini okusebenzisa.

Amapulatifomu amakhulu afana I-Facebook, WhatsApp, namanye amanethiwekhi amaningi Benza inzuzo ngokuphrofayili yabasebenzisi ngokwedlulele. Imigomo yesevisi nezinqubomgomo zobumfihlo, cishe ezingafundi muntu, ngokuvamile ezigunyaza ukufinyelela kuzo ulwazi oluningi kudivayisi yakhoUkusuka endaweni noxhumana nabo kuya ohlotsheni lokuxhuma, imodeli yefoni, nokuningi; uma usola ukuthi ugadiwe, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi kanjani Thola ukuthi i-iPhone yakho iyahlolwa yini.

Akufanele futhi sikhohlwe indima ye- opharetha bezokuxhumanaBanekhono lokwazi ukuthi uxhumeke kuziphi izikhathi, ingakanani idatha oyisebenzisayo, uhlobo luni lwezinsizakalo ozisebenzisayo, ngisho, kuye ngemithetho yezwe, yiziphi izizinda noma ama-IP owavakashelayo?Kwezinye izindawo, lezi zinkampani zivunyelwe noma zenzelwe ukudayisela le datha kwabanye abantu.

Inani lalolu lwazi emakethe emnyama liphezulu kakhulu. Kuwebhu Emnyama, kulinganiselwa ukuthi, okuhlanganisa imibhalo kamazisi, izinombolo ze-akhawunti, ukufinyelela kuma-imeyili nezinkundla zokuxhumana, "Iphakheji yedatha" yomuntu oyedwa ingafinyelela izibalo eziphezulu kakhuluIdatha efana nenombolo yakho kamazisi ingabiza amashumi noma amakhulu ama-euro, futhi imininingwane yasebhange iphindaphinda lelo nani. Ukuputshuka kwalolu hlobo lolwazi kungonakalisa kokubili izimali zakho kanye nokuphepha kwakho siqu.

Nakuba ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuningi kuhlobene amaphutha omsebenzisi (ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, amafomu omgunyathi, ama-imeyili azenza ibhange lakho…), kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi kukhona ukulandelela okungashintshi, okuthule; yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi ngamathuluzi afana I-Autoruns ukususa izinhlelo eziqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kwemvume futhi unciphise indawo yokuhlasela. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna irutha yakho iyeke ukuvuza indawo yakho futhi unciphise lokho umhlinzeki wakho namawebhusayithi akwaziyo ngawe, kufanelekile ukuqinisa izinhlangothi ezimbalwa.

I-VPN: Ithuluzi elibalulekile lokufihla ithrafikhi nendawo

Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokunciphisa amandla ka-opharetha wakho weselula kanye namawebhusayithi amaningi ukusebenzisa i- Isevisi ye-VPN (inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo)Yize zidalwe ukuze kusungulwe amanethiwekhi endawo abonakalayo phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlakazeke ngokwendawo, namuhla ayithuluzi eliyisisekelo lalabo abafuna ukungaziwa okukhulu nenkululeko ku-inthanethi.

Uma uxhuma ngaphandle kwe-VPN, idivayisi yakho Khuluma ngqo newebhusayithi ngayinye ngomhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethiUmsebenzisi angabona ukuthi imaphi amaseva oxhuma kuwo (izizinda, ama-IP), ukuthi idivayisi yakho ilanda malini, singakanani isikhathi osichitha ku-inthanethi, njll. Nge-VPN, yonke ithrafikhi yakho kuqala idlula iseva ephakathi ebethelwe, futhi ukusuka lapho iphumela kunethiwekhi ngelinye ikheli le-IP, ngokuvamile elivela kwelinye izwe noma isifunda.

Kuwebhusayithi oyivakashelayo, ikheli le-IP le-VPN elixhumekayo, hhayi elakho. Futhi kumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi, imininingwane yokuphequlula kwakho ifakwe ngaphakathi... Umhubhe obethelweUzobona ukuthi ukhuluma neseva ye-VPN nokuthi udla ithrafikhi engakanani, kodwa hhayi okuqukethwe noma yiziphi izinsiza ezithile osebenzisana nazo ngaphakathi.

Akuwona wonke ama-VPN adalwe alingana. Izixazululo eziningi zamahhala, ezidume kakhulu ngokudlula imikhawulo ye-geo, ziyi Akunconyiwe uma ufuna ubumfihlo bangempela.Amanye agcina amalogi abanzi omsebenzi wakho, okuhlanganisa ikheli lakho le-IP, ukuthi uxhume isikhathi esingakanani, kanye nokusebenzisa kwakho komkhawulokudonsa. Lo mlando ungathengiswa noma unikezwe ngokuphendula izicelo zomthetho.

Ukuze unciphise ubungozi, kuyatuseka ukuthi ukhethe I-VPN ekhokhelwayo enedumela elihleIzinqubomgomo ezicacile "ezingekho izingodo" kanye nemigomo yesevisi esobala ibalulekile. Okufanelekile, kufanele baqoqe kuphela idatha edingekayo ukuze baphathe i-akhawunti yakho kanye nenkokhelo, bagweme ukurekhoda ikheli lakho le-IP, izikhathi zokuxhuma ezinemininingwane, noma enye imethadatha. Uma futhi benikezela nge-cryptocurrency noma ezinye izindlela zokukhokha ezingaziwa, izinga lobumfihlo liphezulu kakhulu.

Uma ufuna ukuzama into elula ngaphandle kokwenza izinto zibe nzima, izandiso zesiphequluli ezifana I-TunnelBear noma okufanayo Zikuvumela ukuthi uvule umhubhe we-VPN ongasindi kusuka ku-Chrome, Firefox, noma i-Opera. Ziwusizo ezimweni ezithile (njengokuxhuma ku-Wi-Fi yomphakathi), kodwa uma udinga ukuvikela yonke ithrafikhi yesistimu yakho, kungangcono ufake iklayenti le-VPN ezingeni ledivayisi noma uyilungiselele ngokuqondile kumzila.

Ummeleli, i-DNS ne-HTTPS: izendlalelo ezengeziwe zobumfihlo nokuvikeleka

Ngaphandle kwe-VPN, akhona amanye amathuluzi angaba usizo kuwo nciphisa lokho okwaziwayo ngawe nalapho uya khonaKodwa-ke, awekho aphelele njengenethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo enhle, emiswe kahle.

I amasevisi ommeleli Asebenza njengabalamuli phakathi kwedivayisi yakho namawebhusayithi owavakashelayo. Esikhundleni sokuxhuma ngqo, ucela ummeleli ukuthi akwenzele futhi adlulisele impendulo. Lokhu kungafihla ikheli lakho le-IP langempela kuwebhusayithi yendawo, kodwa ama-proxies awahlale ebhala ngemfihlo uxhumano noma anikeze ukuvikeleka okuningi njenge-VPN. Ziwusizo emisebenzini ethile noma ukulungiselelwa kwesiphequluli, kodwa Azishintshi umhubhe obethelwe ophelele.

I Amaseva e-DNS I-Domain Name Systems (DNS) ingesinye isici esibalulekile kwesinye isikhathi esinganakwa. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhumusha amagama afana nokuthi “tecnobits".com" kumakheli e-IP ezinombolo. Ngokuvamile usebenzisa amaseva e-DNS e-ISP yakho, okusho ukuthi umhlinzeki angabona yonke imibuzo yakho. Ukushintsha amaseva akho e-DNS aye kwamanye asesidlangalaleni (OpenDNS, Cloudflare, Comodo, Google DNS, njll.) kungakusiza. ukugwema ukuvinjwa kanye nokuhlolwafuthi wengeze isivikelo esithile ekuhlaselweni.

Kodwa-ke, i-DNS yendabuko ayibetheliwe, ngakho-ke i-ISP yakho kanye ne-VPN ngokwayo ingabona leyo mibuzo uma ungasebenzisi ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-DNS phezu kwe-HTTPS (DoH) noma amathuluzi afana I-DNSCryptokuyinto ebethela le thrafikhi. Kunoma ikuphi, ukushintsha i-DNS kufanele kubonakale njenge ungqimba oluhambisanayo ngezinjongo zokuphepha, hhayi njengesixazululo esiqondile sokufihla ukuphequlula noma indawo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwe- I-HTTPS Sekuphenduke indinganiso. Inguqulo ebethelwe ye-HTTP endala, futhi yengeza isendlalelo se-SSL/TLS esivikela ubuqotho nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo koxhumo. Uma ubona ilokhi kubha yekheli lesiphequluli, kusho ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhompyutha yakho newebhusayithi kuvikelekile. kubethelwe kuzo zombili izinkombaokwenza kube nzima kumuntu "ukuchofoza" phakathi ukuze afunde noma asebenzise lokho okuthunyelwayo.

Lokhu akuvimbeli u-opharetha ukuthi abone ukuthi yisiphi isizinda oxhuma kuso (ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi lihlala libonakala), kodwa kuyamvimbela ekufundeni okuqukethwe kwalokho okushintshanisayo (amafomu, amaphasiwedi, imilayezo, njll.). Kuyisinyathelo esiyisisekelo: zama njalo beka phambili amawebhusayithi e-HTTPS futhi uqaphele labo abacela idatha ebucayi ngaphandle kwalokhu kuvikelwa.

Iziphequluli kanye ne-Tor: kunciphisa umkhondo oyishiya kuwebhu

Isiphequluli singenye indlela yokulandelela esobala. Ngamakhukhi, imibhalo, izigxivizo zeminwe zesiphequluli, nezimvume ezifana nokufinyelela indawo, amawebhusayithi angakha a iphrofayili enemininingwane eminingi yomsebenzi wakhoNgaphezu kwalokho esesikushilo ngendawo: amasayithi amaningi acela imvume ecacile yokuyazi, futhi ingxenye enkulu yabasebenzisi iyakwamukela ngaphandle kokufunda.

Ezipheqululini ezifana I-Mozilla Firefox Ungaqinisa izilungiselelo zakho zobumfihlo. Ukunika amandla "Ukuvikela ukulandelela kumawindi ayimfihlo" nokukhetha okuthi "Sebenzisa njalo Ungalandeli" kusiza ukunciphisa ukulandelwa ngamawebhusayithi athile namanethiwekhi okukhangisa, nakuba kungesona isixazululo esiphelele. Ku-Internet Explorer (kulabo abasayisebenzisa), ungakhetha okuthi "Ungalokothi uvumele amawebhusayithi ukuthi acele indawo okuyo" ngaphakathi kwezilungiselelo zobumfihlo.

En i-Google ChromeUkulungiselelwa kwendawo kutholakala kokuthi Izilungiselelo → Okuthuthukisiwe → Izilungiselelo zokuqukethwe → Indawo, lapho ungakhetha khona okuthi “Ungawavumeli amasayithi ukuthi alandelele indawo yami yangempela.” Iziphequluli ezifana ne-Opera zifaka phakathi izilawuli ezifanayo zokukhubaza i-geolocation futhi, kwezinye izimo, Zihlanganisa ngisho ne-VPN eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engenziwa isebenze ngokuchofoza okukodwa ukuze ubethele ingxenye yethrafikhi yakho. Uma ukhetha isiphequluli esigxile kubumfihlo, unga Lungiselela i-Brave ukuze uthole ubumfihlo obukhulu futhi unciphise inani lama-tracker asebenzayo.

Uma ufuna indlela enolaka kakhulu ngokumelene nokulandela umkhondo, inketho eyodwa ukusebenzisa Isiphequluli se-TorLena inguqulo eguquliwe yeFirefox exhuma kunethiwekhi ye-Tor futhi iza nezici eziningi ezikhutshaziwe noma eziqinile. ukunciphisa umkhondo wedijithaliIvimbela ama-plugin afana ne-Flash, ActiveX, noma i-QuickTime, ilawula amakhukhi ngokuqinile, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uguqule kalula "ubunikazi bakho."

Nge-Tor, ithrafikhi yakho ihanjiswa kumanodi amaningi asakazwa emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuxhumanisa ikheli lakho le-IP langempela newebhusayithi yendawo. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele amasayithi kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Deep/Dark Web (izizinda ze-onion) ezingakhonjwe izinjini zokusesha zendabuko. Ukuze ukuvikela kwayo kusebenze ngempela, kuyatuswa Sebenzisa i-Tor kuphela ngenkathi ivuliwe futhi ungabi nezinye iziphequluli ezisebenza ngokufana ezingavuza idatha.

Ngale kwe-Tor, ungase futhi ucabange ukusebenzisa ezinye iziphequluli eziklanyelwe ubumfihlo, noma ukuqinisa i-Chrome/Firefox ngezandiso ezivimba ama-tracker, imibhalo yenkampani yangaphandle, namakhukhi angenele. Kodwa-ke, konke lokhu kuzosebenza kakhulu uma ukuhlanganisa ne... Imikhuba engcono kakhulu ye-geolocation kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-VPN.

Noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunyiwe ingalandelelwa

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi akuyona nje ikhompuyutha yakho noma iselula yakho "evezwa" kulolu hlobo lokulandela umkhondo. Noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunywe ku-inthanethi Kungaba umthombo wolwazi ngawe: ama-smart TV, amakhonsoli egeyimu, izipikha zomsizi wezwi, amakhamera we-IP, amawashi ahlakaniphile, njll.

U-opharetha wakho, noma ubani okwazi ukufinyelela idatha efanele, angakwazi ukunquma, isibonelo, Hlobo luni lokuqukethwe olubuka ku-smart TV yakho?Izikhathi ovamise ukuba ku-inthanethi ngazo, yiziphi izinkundla zokusakaza ozisebenzisayo, noma uma uya eholidini (ngokubheka nje amaphethini wethrafikhi). Uma uhlala uxhumeka kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi yasekhaya efanayo, leso sigxivizo siba siqinile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Enye indlela yokukhulisa ibha ukufaka i-a I-VPN ngqo kumzilaNgale ndlela, wonke amadivayisi axhumeka ku-inthanethi ngaleyo nethiwekhi azodlula emhubheni obethelwe, ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungisa idivayisi ngayinye ngayodwa. Kuyisixazululo esikahle uma unamadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe futhi ungafuni ukuwamisa ngalinye ngalinye.

Uma ujwayele ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi abanye abantu (i-Wi-Fi yomphakathi, amahhovisi, izindlu zabangane, njll.), kungase kube usizo kakhulu ukusebenzisa I-VPN kudivayisi noma ileveli yesiphequluliukuze ikuphelezele noma kuphi lapho uxhuma khona. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bezinkampani zangaphandle kuleyo nethiwekhi (umnikazi werutha, abanye abasebenzisi, abahlaseli) bakwazi ukuhlola ithrafikhi yakho ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho.

Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi noma usebenzisa i-VPN, ummeleli, namanye amathuluzi, inkampani yakho yenethiwekhi isazokwazi. ukuthi usebenzisa inethiwekhi nokuthi udla idatha engakananiInganekwane yokuthi nge-VPN "awuyisebenzisi" idatha yakho yeselula ingamanga ngokuphelele: ithrafikhi isadlula kumhlinzeki wakho, imane ibethelwe futhi ifihle imininingwane yokuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezithile oxhuma kuzo.

Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi ezinye izinkonzo (izinkundla zokusakaza, izingosi zokubheja, imidlalo eku-inthanethi, njll.) Bangavimba noma banciphise ukusetshenziswa kwama-VPNUma uhlala uxhumeke kuseva kwelinye izwe, ungase uhlangabezane nemikhawulo, ukuvinjelwa kwesikhashana, noma amaphutha okungena. Kutuswa ukuthi ubuyekeze lezi zinqubomgomo futhi unqamule umhubhe uma kudingeka, noma ukhethe amaseva ahambisanayo.

Ukucabangela konke lokhu okungenhla, uma ufuna i-router yakho ingavezi indawo yakho futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, yehlise inani elikhulu ledatha oyikhiqizayo ngaphandle kokuyazi ngokugcwele, indlela ephumelelayo iwukuba hlanganisa izingqimba eziningana: Qamba kabusha inethiwekhi yakho nge-_nomap ukuze ubalekele izizindalwazi ze-WPS, cabanga ngokungahleliwe kwe I-BSSID Futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware ethuthukisiwe kuma-router ayisekelayo, ethembele ku-VPN ethembekile (elungiselelwe kahle ezingeni le-router uma ufuna ukumboza wonke amadivayisi), ukuqinisa izilungiselelo zobumfihlo zesiphequluli sakho kanye nedivayisi yeselula (ikakhulukazi mayelana ne-geolocation), njalo ukubeka phambili ukuxhumana kwe-HTTPS namaseva e-DNS ayimfihlo kakhulu, nokungena emkhubeni wokuxwaya izimvume ezisolisayo ze-imeyili. Ngalezi zinyathelo, ngaphandle kokuba ne-paranoid, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi kokubili umzila wakho kanye ne-footprint yakho yedijithali kukhona ingabonakali kakhulu futhi iyasebenziseka kubantu besithathu.