- Nge-AMD Adrenalin ungakwazi ukulawula isiphehli kumshayeli, ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezengeziwe.
- Ku-NVIDIA, Iphaneli ayinikezi ukulawula okuqondile; gwema ukuxuba izinsiza.
- Ukufundwa kwe-RPM engaqondakali ngokuvamile kuvela ekungqubuzaneni phakathi kwezingqimba eziningi zokulawula.
- Ngobuqili obubonakalayo, ukunika amandla ifeni ngaphandle kuyinketho elula.
¿Ungaphoqa kanjani abalandeli be-GPU ngaphandle kwesoftware eyengeziwe? Ukulawula umlandeli wekhadi lezithombe ku-Windows ngaphandle kokufaka amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle kuyinkinga evamile kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala, ikakhulukazi uma sifuna ukulawula okuqinile kodwa singafuni ukuhlanganisa isistimu ngezinsiza. Iqiniso liwukuthi iWindows, iyodwa, inikeza ukulawula okuqondile okuncane kakhulu., futhi umkhawulo esinawo uncike kakhulu kubashayeli kanye nomkhiqizi we-GPU.
Uma uvela ku-Linux, uzokwazi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubhalele ezindleleni zesistimu ezifana /sys/class/drm/card0/device/hwmon/hwmon3/pwm1 ukuze ulungise isignali ye-PWM yabalandeli. Ku-Windows leyo ndlela ayikho ngokomdabu; ukulawula kuphathwa i-firmware yekhadi futhi, lapho kufanele, yiphaneli yokulawula yomshayeli. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuncane ongakwenza ngamashayeli e-AMD futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, izilungiselelo ze-NVIDIA, futhi kunezindlela zokuvimbela ama-RPM ukuthi angahlanyi lapho uvula umdlalo.
Yini ongayenza ku-Windows ngabashayeli nje?
Isihluthulelo sokuqala ukuqonda ukuthi ngaphandle kwesofthiwe eyengeziwe, unakho lokho iphakheji yomshayeli ngokwayo ekuvumelayo. Nge-AMD, iphakheji ye-Adrenalin ihlanganisa imojula yokushuna ebanzi kakhulu Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ijika labalandeli, uvule futhi ukhubaze imodi ye-Zero RPM, futhi usethe izivinini ezenziwa ngesandla. Nge-NVIDIA, ngakolunye uhlangothi, Iphaneli Yokulawula ayibonisi isilawuli sabalandeli kanjalo kumakhadi e-GeForce abathengi.
Lokhu kunemiphumela engokoqobo: uma inhloso yakho kuwukuphoqa isiphephetha-moya ukuthi sijike noma nini lapho ufuna, ku-AMD ungakwenza lokho kumshayeli ngokwakhe; ku-NVIDIA, ngaphandle uma umkhiqizi wekhadi lakho elihlanganisa nensizakalo yalo esemthethweni (obesekuyisofthiwe eyengeziwe), uzoncika ekulawuleni okuzenzakalelayo kwe-firmware. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaxubi izilawuli zabalandeli ezivela emithonjeni eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.; uma wenza lokhu, uzothola ukufundwa okungaqondakali kanye nezinguquko ezinyakazayo, ikakhulukazi uma uqala imidlalo.
I-AMD Adrenalin (Wattman): lawula ngaphandle kwesoftware eyengeziwe
Isikhungo semizwa sikuSebenzi → izilungiselelo zephaneli ye-Adrenalin. I-AMD inikezela ngamaphrofayili achazwe ngaphambilini afana ne-Silent and Balanced, kanye nesigaba sabalandeli esifinyeleleka ngokuvula isilawuli esihambisanayo. Lapho ungenza kusebenze ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla, usethe isivinini esithile, futhi uguqule i-Zero RPM ukuze abalandeli bangalokothi bame.
Uma ufuna ukushuna kahle, hamba kokuthi Ukulawula Okuthuthukile kanye Nezilawuli zokushuna kahle. Uzobona ijika eline-P-States lapho iphuzu ngalinye lihlobene nezinga lokushisa ne-RPM, kanye nekhiphedi yezinombolo zokufaka amanani aqondile. Qaphela: ngezinye izikhathi ukuhambisa ukweqisa kwejika akuthinti ncamashi ukuthi ulindele kanjani, ngoba i-firmware isebenza ngokuvikela futhi ibushelelezi izinguquko. Noma kunjalo, ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise kahle ukuziphatha ngaphandle kokufaka enye into.
Ukuze "ukhohlise ifeni ukuthi iphothe noma nini lapho ufuna" ngezikhathi ezithile, vele ukhubaze i-Zero RPM bese ukhetha iphoyinti elingashintshi, isibonelo u-30–40% we-PWM ukuze uthole ukujikeleza okubonakalayo kodwa okuthulile. Londoloza lokho kulungiselelwa njengephrofayili futhi uyilayishe noma nini lapho ufuna.Uma ufuna ukuthi isetshenziswe njalo ekuqaleni, sebenzisa inketho yamaphrofayili ngaphakathi kwe-Adrenalin; ayikho isofthiwe eyengeziwe edingekayo.
Imininingwane ewusizo i-hysteresis: nakuba ingavezwa ngokugqamile ngalelo gama, i-Adrenalin idambisa izinguquko ezisheshayo ukuvimbela ifeni ukuthi ingalokhu ikhuphuka futhi yehla. Le damper yehlisa umuzwa we-sawtooth ku-RPM futhi inwebe impilo yama-bearings, into ozoyibona ikakhulukazi uma ijika lakho linolaka kakhulu.
I-NVIDIA: Ikhawulela uma ungafuni isofthiwe eyengeziwe
Ku-GeForce, Iphaneli Yokulawula ye-NVIDIA ayinikezi ngokulawulwa kwabalandeli okwenziwa ngesandla. Umthetho ushiywe ku-firmware ye-GPU nezinsiza zezinkampani zangaphandle. njenge-MSI Afterburner noma yiliphi ithuluzi umhlanganisi angase alinikeze. Uma unamathela ngokuqinile "ku-Windows Nabashayeli," isiqondiso esisebenzayo siwukuthembela ejikeni elizenzakalelayo le-VBIOS futhi ugweme ukuphazamiseka.
Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani, kwamanye amakhadi esimanje abalandeli abaphindwe kathathu, ubona ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile lapho wethula imidlalo uma kunezendlalelo eziningi ezizama ukuthumela. Kumamodeli afana ne-PNY 4080 ethile, umlandeli wokuqala angadlula esiteshini esizimele bese owesibili nowesithathu babelane ngenzwa.; ukufunda ngokuhlanganyela kungaholela emaphutheni okuqapha futhi kubonise iziqongo ezingezona ezangempela ngokomzimba. Uma kukhona futhi uhlelo lwangaphandle lokufunda futhi olunye luzama ukulawula, igeyimu ivuliwe.
Ukulawula okuncane kwe-GUI: iqiniso elibuhlungu ku-Windows
Umqondo "wokulawula abalandeli ngomugqa womyalo kuWindows" uyalinga. I-AMD ine-ADL (AMD Display Library), kanti i-NVIDIA ine-NVAPI. Inkinga ukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, le mitapo yolwazi ayihloselwe ukuba ithuluzi elilungele ukusetshenziswa.; I-ADL emakhosombe omphakathi ingase iphelelwe isikhathi futhi ibhalwe kabi, futhi i-NVAPI ayiqinisekisi ukufinyelela kwabalandeli emhlabeni wonke kuwo wonke ama-GeForces.
Empeleni, uma ungafuni isixhumi esibonakalayo esibonakalayo, kuzodingeka uhlanganise okusebenzisekayo okubiza lawo ma-API. Lokho sekuvele kuyi-software eyengeziwe, noma ngabe ukwenzile.. Izindlela ezifana ne-WMI noma i-PowerShell azivezi i-API esemthethweni yokulawula abalandeli be-GPU kumakhadi abathengi. Ngisho ne-nvidia-smi, ewusizo kwamanye amapharamitha, ayikuvumeli ukusetha ama-RPM kumakhadi amaningi e-GeForce ngaphansi kweWindows.
Iqhinga lokuphotha abalandeli ngokufunwa (umhlobiso wedeskithophu)
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ikhadi elidala lemifanekiso, yithi i-GTX 960, njengomhlobiso futhi ufuna abalandeli bajikeleze isidingo, kunendlela engeyona eye-Windows ngokuphelele: ukunika abalandeli amandla ngokuqondile. Abalandeli be-GPU abangamaphini angu-4 basebenzisa i-12V, i-ground, i-tachometer, ne-PWMUngasebenzisa ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-ATX ukuze unikeze i-12V kanye nesilawuli esincane sohlobo lwe-Arduino ukuze ukhiqize i-PWM, inqobo nje uma uhlonipha izinga lesignali (ngokuvamile i-25kHz eneleveli yokunengqondo engu-5V).
Nqamula isixhumi sefeni ku-GPB PCB futhi ugweme ukujova amandla ekhadini. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokungalimazi izinto zikagesi zangempelaXhuma i-12V ne-GND kufeni, kanye nesignali ye-PWM kuphinikhodi ehambisanayo. Ngale ndlela, ungakwazi ukulungisa isivinini njengoba ufisa, ngisho ngaphandle kokuthi ikhadi lixhunywe ku-PCIe slot. Ayinhle, kodwa isebenzela "iqhinga" elibonakalayo kudeskithophu.
I-GPU yami iyahlanya ngama-RPM uma idlala: kwenzakalani?
Uma usebenzisa i-PNY 4080 enabalandeli abathathu futhi uthole ukuthi ama-RPM abikiwe afinyelela kumazinga angekho ngokoqobo uma uvula igeyimu, imbangela ngokuvamile impi yomshayeli noma ukufunda kabi okuvela kunzwa eyabiwe. Imbondela ye-NVIDIA namathuluzi afana nokulawula abalandeli angafunda idatha ngokuhambisana Futhi uma enye isofthiwe izama ukuyilawula, ukufinyezwa kwenombolo kuqala. Ngisho noma ifeni ingafinyeleli ngokoqobo lawo ma-RPM angenangqondo, ungase uqaphele imisindo ehelezayo ngezikhathi ezithile engaphezu kuka-55% uma i-algorithm ibhekana nokukala okuncane.
Ngaphambi kokucabanga ngesici se-hardware, gxila ekuxilongweni ngokubonisana Okufanele ukwenze uma ijubane labalandeli bakho lingashintshi ngisho nesoftware. Okuvame kakhulu ukucushwa okungqubuzanayo lapho okungenani izinhlelo ezimbili zizama ukulawula ijika noma ukufunda inzwa efanayo, zengeza umsindo. Qiniseka ukuthi ithuluzi elilodwa kuphela elilawula abalandeli, likhubaza eminye imisebenzi yokulawula, futhi ushiye umthombo owodwa wokuqapha usebenza kumageyimu.
- Khetha isilawuli sabalandeli esisodwaUma ungasebenzisi noma iyiphi isofthiwe eyengeziwe, shiya i-firmware (VBIOS) kumadivayisi ayo; uma usebenzisa i-Adrenalin, ungayihlanganisi ne-Fan Control noma i-Afterburner.
- Khubaza i-Zero RPM uma ufuna ukuzinza: uzogwema ukuqala okuqhubekayo nokuma onqenqemeni lomkhawulo oshisayo.
- Yenza kusebenze i-hysteresis noma i-damping: Ku-AMD kubonakala kuhlanganisiwe; ezinsizeni zangaphandle, ilungisa i-hysteresis ukuze ihambe kahle.
- Hlola izinzwa eziqoqwe: Ngama-4080s, abalandeli ababili babelana nge-tachometer; thembela ekufundeni okukodwa okuthembekile futhi uchithe iziqongo ezingenangqondo.
- Ikhubaza ukumbondela okungafuneki: Vala i-NVIDIA OSD uma usuvele usebenzisa enye i-OSD; kunciphisa ukuncintisana esiteshini esifanayo.
- Buyekeza abashayeli futhi, uma kusebenza, i-firmware ye-GPU: Ukufundwa okungaqondakali kwesinye isikhathi kuyalungiswa ngokuhlolwa kwezinzwa.
Ngalokhu kulungiswa, kuvamile ukuthi "ukuguquguquka kwemvelo" kunyamalale, kukushiye nokuziphatha okuzinzile phakathi kwama-55% owancamelayo ngomsindo. Uma iziqongo ezizwakalayo ziphikelela ngisho nongqimba olulodwa lokulawula, khona-ke kunengqondo ukuhlola ikhadi kwenye ikhompuyutha ukuze kukhishwe ukonakala okungokomzimba kufeni noma isilawuli se-PWM.
I-MSI Afterburner and Co.: Kungani kukhulunywa ngayo noma ungafuni isoftware eyengeziwe
Yize inhloso kuwukugwema amathuluzi engeziwe, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungasho i-Afterburner ukuze uchaze ukuthi kungani ngezinye izikhathi kuvela izingxabano. I-Afterburner idume ngokufaka i-overclocking nokulawula abalandeli., futhi ithembele ku-RivaTuner ye-OSD kanye ne-FPS capping, into eyayinikeza ngisho nangaphambi kokuba i-NVIDIA iyihlanganise kubashayeli bayo. Ngokwesiko bekulula ngamakhadi e-NVIDIA, kodwa ngamanye amakhadi e-AMD, kungabangela izinkinga uma uphatha izinto ngaphezu kokuqapha.
Uhlelo luhlanganisa isithwebuli se-OC esakha ijika le-voltage/frequency ngokusekelwe ekuzinzeni, okuwusizo ekutholeni umbono we-headroom ye-GPU. Empeleni, isebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ezizukulwaneni ezifana noPascalKusukela kusihleli sejika, ungahambisa iphrofayela ngokuvundlile noma mpo futhi ulungise amasegimenti ngokubamba phansi okhiye bokuguqula abafana no-Ctrl noma u-Shift, okufinyeleleka kubo ngesinqamuleli sabo sekhibhodi (isinqamuleli somhleli wejika lakudala).
Ngokwabalandeli, i-Afterburner ikuvumela ukuthi usethe izinketho ezinjengokweqa isitobhi sabalandeli, usebenzisa imodi yokulawula i-firmware, noma ukusebenzisa i-hysteresis ukuvimbela izinguquko ezingazelelwe. Ukuqapha kubanzi kakhulu: ithreyi yesistimu, i-OSD, ama-LCD wekhibhodi namalogi, kanye nemodi yokuma kanye nezinqamuleli zokuthwebula izithombe noma amavidiyo. Konke lokhu kuhle uma unquma ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ukuyixuba nabanye abashayeli iresiphi eqinisekile yama-spikes nama-glitches e-RPM.
Kukhona ezinye izindlela ezigxile kwezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-SAPPHIRE TriXX (ye-AMD) noma i-EVGA Precision. Uma ukhetha amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle, zama ukugxilisa yonke into endaweni eyodwa, ikhubaza noma yiziphi ezinye izendlalelo zokulawula noma imbondela efunda noma ebhalela izinzwa ezifanayo.
Imikhuba emihle lapho uchaza ijika nabashayeli
Uma usebenzisa abashayeli uwedwa, landela imithetho embalwa elula. Isebenza ngokukhuphuka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwamaphoyinti ejika ukuze i-GPU ingahlali yeqa imingcele. Gwema ukweqa okukhulu kwe-RPM phakathi kwamaphoyinti aseduze; umthambeka omnene ongawungenisi umsindo ku-microspike ngayinye yomthwalo ungcono.
Uma okubalulekile kwakho kuwukuba abalandeli baqhubeke begijima ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle noma ukugwema amazinga okushisa aphezulu, khubaza i-Zero RPM futhi usethe ubuncane obungu-25–35% kuye ngemodeli. Lobo bubanzi ngokuvamile buhambisa umoya ngaphandle kokucasula. futhi ikunikeza lowo mphumela obonakalayo wama-spins angaguquki. Uma ukhathazekile ngomsindo, ungavala umkhawulo ku-55–60% futhi uvumele iwashi lehle noma amandla aphithizelayo e-GPU ngaphansi kwemithwalo enzima edinga kakhulu.
Emakhadini anabalandeli abaningi nezinzwa kuhlangene, ungagxili ngokufanisa i-RPM yerotha ngayinye nesenti; Okubalulekile izinga lokushisa lomgogodla kanye nezinkumbuloUma i-firmware inquma ukuthi abalandeli ababili kufanele bavunyelaniswe futhi oyedwa kufanele ahlale ezimele, ihlonipha lesi sikimu ukugwema ama-oscillations ngenxa yokulungiswa okuphambene.
Kuthiwani uma ngifuna ukuzenzela ngaphandle kokuvula isixhumi esibonakalayo?
Ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo evunyelwe abashayeli, ungagcina amaphrofayili. Ku-AMD Adrenalin, amaphrofayili okusebenza afaka ijika labalandeli; Ukulayisha iphrofayela ekuqaleni kulula kunokuhlanganisa ithuluzi lakhoKu-NVIDIA, ngaphandle kwensiza yangaphandle, akukho okulinganayo okuqondile: unamathele ekuziphatheni okuzenzakalelayo kwe-VBIOS nemikhawulo yokushisa.
Kulabo abafuna inketho ethi "no graphical interface", amalabhulali afana ne-ADL noma i-NVAPI akhona, kodwa awaxhunyiwe futhi awadlali. Idinga ukwenziwa kwezinhlelo nokusayina, futhi imisebenzi eminingi ayibhalwanga kubasebenzisi bokugcina.Ukuba nezixazululo ezigcinwe kahle zezinkampani zangaphandle kunengqondo, futhi uma ungafuni ukuzifaka, kungcono ukugcina ukulawula kumshayeli futhi ugweme ukumbondelana okwenza umsindo ofundekayo.
Isimo siyasho: uma usebenzisa i-AMD, abashayeli bakunikeza ukulawula okumangalisayo kwabalandeli ngaphandle kokufaka okunye; uma usebenzisa i-NVIDIA, i-firmware yenza umsebenzi, futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinsiza ezengeziwe, awukwazi ukuphoqa noma yini ngaphandle kokugwema izingxabano. Endabeni yomhlobiso onekhadi elidala lesithombe, indlela kagesi enomthombo we-12 V kanye ne-PWM yangaphandle iyindlela esebenzayo.Uma uhlangabezana nokufundwa kwe-RPM ebalekayo emidlalweni, susa izendlalelo, unike amandla i-hysteresis, futhi ugcine isandla esisodwa esondweni; ukuzinza kuza lapho kunobasi oyedwa kuphela ophethe. Manje uyazi konke mayelana Ungaphoqelela kanjani fan ye-GPU ngaphandle kwesoftware eyengeziwe.
Uzifela ngobuchwepheshe kusukela esemncane. Ngiyakuthanda ukwaziswa kwamuva kulo mkhakha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuxhumana nawo. Yingakho ngizinikele ekuxhumaneni kumawebhusayithi emidlalo yevidiyo iminyaka eminingi. Ungangithola ngibhala nge-Android, iWindows, iMacOS, i-iOS, iNintendo nanoma yisiphi esinye isihloko esihlobene esifika emqondweni.