Yayinjani impilo kaVivaldi edlule?

Yayinjani impilo kaVivaldi edlule?

Okwedlule kwe U-Antonio Vivaldi, omunye wabaqambi abaqashelwa kakhulu benkathi ye-Baroque, uye waba umthombo wokuthakazelisa kakhulu kubaculi bomculo nabathandi bomculo we-classic. Ngocwaningo oluningiliziwe nezifundo, sizame ukwakha kabusha impilo yakhe futhi sifunde mayelana nezici ezihlukene eziphawule umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko. Kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe eVenice ngo-1678 kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1741, impilo kaVivaldi yayigcwele impumelelo, izinselele kanye nezikhathi ezibalulekile. emlandweni zomculo.

Iminyaka yokuqala kaVivaldi: ubuntwana obuzungezwe umculo

U-Antonio Vivaldi wazalwa ngo-March 4, 1678 edolobheni laseVenice, e-Italy. Kusukela esemncane, wabonisa ikhono elikhulu lomculo futhi wathola imfundo ekhethekile emculweni. Uyise, u-Giovanni Battista Vivaldi, wayengumdlali we-violinist nothisha ovelele, owayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokudlulisela kuye ulwazi lwakhe nothando lomculo Kwakungaphansi kokuqeqeshwa kukayise ukuthi uVivaldi wathuthukisa amakhono akhe njengomqambi we-violinist , ngaleyo ndlela wabeka izisekelo impumelelo yayo yesikhathi esizayo.

Ukuqashelwa nobukhazikhazi bomsebenzi kaVivaldi

Njengoba u-Vivaldi ethuthuka emsebenzini wakhe womculo, ithalenta lakhe njenge-violinist nomqambi wezingoma zaqala ukuqashelwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngo-1703, waqokwa njengomphathi we-violin e-Ospedale della Pietà, isikhungo sokusiza abantulayo e-Venice esasineqembu elidumile lomculo. Ngesikhathi ekulesi sikhungo, u-Vivaldi waqamba imisebenzi eminingi futhi wazuza idumela elivelele njengomculi onekhono nobuciko.

Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo kaVivaldi kanye nefa lakhe lomculo

Nakuba umsebenzi kaVivaldi wafinyelela umvuthwandaba ngawo-1720, iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe yayiphawuleka ngezinkinga zezezimali kanye nokwehla kwesithakazelo emculweni wakhe. Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, u-Vivaldi waqhubeka nokuqamba futhi eshiya ifa lomculo eliyigugu. Washona ngo-1741 eVienna, e-Austria, eshiya uchungechunge olukhulu lwemisebenzi, kuhlanganise namakhonsathi, ama-sonatas, ama-opera nomculo ongcwele.

Ngamafuphi, okwedlule kuka-Antonio Vivaldi kuyisahluko esithakazelisayo emlandweni womculo. Kusukela eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala ezungezwe izingoma kuya emsebenzini wakhe ovelele kanye nefa lomculo, u-Vivaldi ushiye uphawu olungenakucimeka emculweni we-baroque nowakudala uwonke. Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokutadisha, siyaqhubeka nokuthola izici ezintsha zempilo nomsebenzi walo ngqondongqondo kwezomculo oqhubeka nokukhuthaza nokujabulisa izethameli namuhla.

1. ⁢Imvelaphi nobuncane bukaVivaldi: Ukubheka ekuqaleni kwempilo yakhe nendawo yomndeni wakhe

U-Vivaldi, omunye ⁢abaqambi ⁢abaqavile bomculo we-baroque, wayenesikhathi esidlule esithakazelisayo. Impilo yakhe yaqala ngoMashi 4, 1678 e-Venice, e-Italy,⁢ emndenini onesizotha kodwa onekhono. Wabhapathizwa u-Antonio Lucio Vivaldi futhi kusukela esemncane ithalente lakhe lomculo elingavamile latholakala. Abazali bakhe, uGiovanni Battista noCamilla Calicchio, baphuma emindenini ethobekile kodwa benothando olukhulu lomculo.

Kusukela esemncane, uVivaldi wachayeka endaweni ecebisa umculo. Njengoba ngikhula, ithalente lakhe nothando lwakhe lomculo kwabonakalaUyise, ongumdlali wevayolini, waqaphela amandla akhe futhi wamfundisa izifundo zevayolini kusukela eneminyaka emihlanu. U-Vivaldi ubonakale engumfundi onesiphiwo esikhethekile⁢futhi ngokushesha ⁢waba ngomunye wabadlali bevayolini abahamba phambili⁤ besikhathi sakhe.

Nokho, Ukukhula kukaVivaldi kwakunezinselele. Impilo yakhe yayintekenteke futhi wayephethwe yisifuba somoya, okwaholela ekubeni abonakale ebuthakathaka futhi egula naphezu kwalokhu. uthando nokuzimisela kwakhe ngomculo kwakuhlala kugqama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyise, ekhathazekile ngemfundo nangekusasa lakhe, wanquma ukumbhalisa eSeminary yesifunda-bhishobhi saseVenice, lapho athola khona ithuba lokufunda imfundiso yenkolo nomculo yabaqambi abanethonya elikhulu emlandweni.

2. Izinyathelo zokuqala zikaVivaldi ⁢zomculo: Ukuthola ithalente lakhe nokuthuthuka komculo njengentsha

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umlando womculo ka-Antonio Vivaldi, omunye wabaqambi abavelele kakhulu beBaroque. Kusukela esemncane, uVivaldi wabonisa a ithalente lomculo elingenakuphikwa, okwamholela ekubeni athole imfundo eyingqayizivele yomculo. Nakuba uVivaldi afundela ukuba umpristi, uthando lwakhe lwangempela lwaluhlala lusemculweni.

Ngesikhathi esemusha, uVivaldi waba nenhlanhla yokwamukela izifundo zomculo ezivela kothisha abadumile,⁣ omvumela ukuthi athuthukise indlela yakhe⁤ futhi athuthukise isitayela sakhe esiyingqayizivele. Ithalente lakhe njengomdlali wevayolini labonakala ⁢futhi ngokushesha waba ngomunye ⁢abenza kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi sakhe. Ngaphandle kokudlala ivayolini, uVivaldi uphinde wabonisa amakhono avelele ekuhlanganiseni nasekufundiseni umculo.

Njengoba uVivaldi ekhula, idumela lakhe njengomculi onethalente lasakazeka futhi waqala ukuthola amakhomishana okuqamba umculo wamasonto ahlukahlukene nezicukuthwane. Kungalesi sigaba lapho uVivaldi aqala khona ukwakha indlela yakhe ebheke ekuqashelweni nasekudumeni. Ukudidiyela kwakhe umculo omningi kuwubufakazi bakhe ukuzinikela nokusebenza kanzima, futhi ⁤ukuqanjwa kwakhe kubonisa ikhono lakhe lokuhlanganisa izici ze-virtuoso nomuzwa ojulile,⁢ ngaleyo ndlela edala isitayela somculo esingenakuphikiswa.

3. Umculo we-Vivaldi nowe-Italian Baroque: Uhlola Ithonya Lenkathi kanye Nomphumela Wesitayela Sakhe Sokuqamba

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola isikhathi esedlule somunye wabaqambi abanethonya kakhulu benkathi yeBaroque: U-Antonio Vivaldi Ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele isitayela sokuqanjwa kukaVivaldi, kubalulekile ukujwayelana nenkathi ayephila kuyo kanye nomculo we-baroque wase-Italy. Ngalokhu kucwiliswa ⁢emlandweni⁤ nomthelela wamasiko, sizothola ukuthi lezi zinto ziwulolonge kanjani umculo ka-Vivaldi.

Inkathi uVivaldi ayephila kuyo yaziwa ngokuthi inkathi yeBaroque, inkathi yokuvezwa okukhulu nokuhlobisa emculweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, umculo we-baroque wase-Italian wawubonakala ngemiculo emnandi nemangalisayo, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-basso continuo, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezicebile zomculo Lezi zici zibe nomthelela omkhulu kusitayela sokuqamba sika-Vivaldi.

UVivaldi, owazalelwa eVenice ngo-1678, wakhulela endaweni yomculo futhi kusukela esemncane wabonisa ithalente elikhethekile lomculo. . Lapho,⁢ u-Vivaldi⁤ uqambe imisebenzi eminingi yekhwaya ne-orchestra, ethuthukisa isitayela sakhe esiyingqayizivele⁢ kanye nokuzama amafomu amasha omculo, njengamakhonsathi e-violin. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwasekuqaleni kwaba nomthelela endleleni yakhe entsha nenesibindi yokuqamba umculo we-baroque wase-Italy.

4. Umthelela wokuqeqeshwa kwezenkolo emculweni kaVivaldi: Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wakhe emculweni ongcwele kanye nobudlelwano bakhe neBandla.

U-Vivaldi waziwa kakhulu ngeqhaza lakhe emculweni we-baroque kanye nethalenta lakhe elingenakuqhathaniswa njengomqambi nomqambi we-violinist. Nokho, “ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kwezenkolo” nakho kwaba nendima ebalulekile emsebenzini wakhe, ikakhulukazi emculweni ongcwele awubhala kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe.

Ithonya leBandla emculweni kaVivaldi kungabonakala emisebenzini yakhe eminingi. Njengompristi, uVivaldi wayenobuhlobo obuseduze neSonto LamaKatolika, okwamnika ithuba lokuqamba umculo wemikhosi yezenkolo e-Ospedale della Pietà, ikhaya lezintandane lamantombazane eVenice Lapha, uVivaldi wabhala imisebenzi eminingi engcwele, kuhlanganise nezixuku, ama-motets namahubo, okuthi bonakalisa ukuzinikela nokholo lwakho.

Umculo ongcwele kaVivaldi Ibonakala ngokushuba komzwelo kanye nedrama. Izingoma zakhe zigqugquzelwa yimibhalo nezinkonzo zeBandla, futhi zisebenzisa amasu omculo kanye nezinsiza ukudlulisa ukujula ngokomoya kwamagama. Umculo kaVivaldi udlula ukulotshwa nje kwemikhuleko futhi uba yindlela yobuciko yokuzinikela enkolweni, ukukhiqiza okuhlangenwe nakho okungokomoya okuyingqayizivele kumlaleli.

5. U-Vivaldi njengothisha nomqambi we-violin: Ukuhlola idumela lakhe njenge-violin virtuoso nomsebenzi wakhe ophumelelayo njengomqambi.

Ubuciko be-Violin: U-Antonio Vivaldi odumile waziwa kabanzi njengomunye wezingcweti ze-violin virtuoso ezazivelele ngesikhathi sakhe. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, u-Vivaldi wakhonza njengoprofesa we-violin e-Ospedale della Pietà, isikhungo semfundo yomculo eVenice. Ikhono lakhe eliyingqayizivele lokudlala i-violin lamenza waqashelwa njengomculi wangempela womculo. U-Vivaldi akagcinanga ngokugqama ngokudlala kahle kwakhe, kodwa futhi waba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bevayolini, esebenzisa amasu amasha nathuthukile asafundwa nanamuhla ezikoleni zomculo nasezindaweni zomculo emhlabeni wonke.

Umqambi onekhono: Ngaphandle kwekhono lakhe njenge-violinist, u-Vivaldi wabonisa ithalenta elingenakuqhathaniswa njengomqambi. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, wakha amakhonsathi evayolini angaphezu kuka-500 kanye nobuciko bomculo obuningi, okuhlanganisa ama-opera, ama-sonata, umculo ongcwele nomculo wegumbi. Isitayela sakhe sokuqamba sasibonakala ngemizwa, ubuhle kanye nokunotha kwezingoma, kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekuguqukeni komculo we-baroque. Umculo omkhulu ka-Vivaldi awugcinanga nje ngokuba nomthelela ngesikhathi sakhe, kodwa futhi usaqhubeka nokubungazwa futhi waziswa namuhla, okumenza abe ngomunye wabaqambi abakhulu kunabo bonke abake baba khona.

Ifa nokuqashelwa: Naphezu kokunyamalala ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, umculo kaVivaldi ubuye wavela ngekhulu lama-20, waphinde wathola udumo nokuzwakala kwawo emculweni. Ifa lakhe njengengcweti ye-violin nomqambi oqavile liphila ekurekhodweni nasemidlalweni eminingi yabaculi abadumile emhlabeni wonke namuhla, u-Vivaldi uhlonishwa kakhulu ngobuhle bakhe obumangalisayo ku-violin kanye negalelo lakhe eliyigugu kumagugu omculo. Ikhono lakhe lokuthutha abalaleli ngokusebenzisa imizwelo yezingoma zakhe kanye nekhono lakhe lobuchwepheshe liyaqhubeka limangalisa futhi lihehe izethameli emhlabeni jikelele, ngaleyo ndlela eqinisekisa ubukhulu baphakade bomculo wakhe.

6. Isikhathi esimnyama empilweni ka-Vivaldi: Ukwembula izinselele zomuntu siqu nezomsebenzi abhekana nazo kanye nomthelela wazo ekukhiqizeni kwakhe umculo.

Isikhathi esimnyama empilweni ka-Vivaldi sembula uhlangothi olungaziwa lomqambi wase-Italy odumile Phakathi nalesi sigaba, u-Vivaldi wabhekana nochungechunge lwezinselele kokubili komuntu siqu kanye nochwepheshe okwaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni kwakhe umculo. Ngezansi, sizohlola ezinye zalezi zinselele nokuthi zibe nomthelela kanjani empilweni nomsebenzi kaVivaldi.

Enye yezinselele ezinkulu uVivaldi abhekana nazo empilweni yakhe phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwaba ukulwa kwakhe nokugula. Naphezu kokuba umqambi omkhulu, u-Vivaldi wahlushwa ukugula okungapheli okwathinta impilo yakhe engokomzimba nengqondo, enciphisa ikhono lakhe lokuqamba umculo nokufeza imithwalo yakhe yemfanelo. ⁢ Lokhu kugula kwamholela ezikhathini⁢ zokudangala⁤ nezokuzihlukanisa, okube nomthelela⁤ ithoni nendikimba ⁢yomculo wakhe phakathi nalesi sigaba.

Ngaphandle kwezinselelo zezempilo, uVivaldi naye wabhekana nobunzima emsebenzini wakhe wobuchwepheshe ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemva kweminyaka yokuphumelela nokuqashelwa, uVivaldi akazange athandeke kuziphathimandla zesonto nezicukuthwane, okwaholela ekwehleni kwamakhomishana namathuba okusebenza. Lokhu kuntuleka kokusekelwa kwaba nomthelela esimweni sakhe sezezimali futhi kwamphoqa ukuthi afune izindlela ezintsha zokuvikela indlela yakhe yokuziphilisa, okwaba nomthelela endleleni yokudala kanye nekhwalithi yezingoma zakhe.

7. Ukutholwa kabusha⁢ kanye nefa lika-Vivaldi ezikhathini zanamuhla: Ukuhlola ukuthi umculo wakhe uphinde wavela kanjani ngekhulu lama-XNUMX kanye nomthelela okhona kuze kube namuhla.

U-Vivaldi wayengumqambi nomqambi we-violini wase-Italy wenkathi ye-Baroque okwathi, naphezu kokuqashelwa kwakhe okulinganiselwe ngesikhathi sakhe, ushiye ifa elihlala njalo emlandweni womculo. Nokho, umculo wakhe washabalala iminyaka eminingi⁢ ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngo-1741. Kwakungekhulunyaka lama-XNUMX lapho kwaba khona imvuselelo ⁢yomculo wakhe, ngenxa yochungechunge lwezinto azitholile nokuphinde azithole .

Isinyathelo ⁢ sokuqala sokutholwa kabusha kwe-Vivaldi safika ngo-1926, lapho isazi somculo sase-Italy u-Alberto Gentili sithola ⁣iqoqo lemibhalo yesandla ka-Vivaldi esigodlweni sase-Turin Le mibhalo yesandla iqukethe izingoma eziningi ezingashicilelwe zomqambi wakhe, okuhlanganisa⁤⁤ amakhonsathi e-violin aziwa ngokuthi “Izinkathi ezine.” Ngenxa yalokhu kutholakala, umculo kaVivaldi waqala ukuthandwa emibuthanweni yomculo yekhulu lama-XNUMX.

Ngaphezu kwalokho okutholwe nguGentili, umculo kaVivaldi nawo uhlomule ekukhuleni kwenhlangano yoguquko eyaziwa ngokuthi yiHistorically Informed Performance. Le nhlangano yayikhuthaza ukuhunyushwa komculo we-baroque ngokuvumelana nemikhuba yomlando nesitayela yangaleso sikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, abadlali abaningi nabaqondisi baqala ukufunda nokuqopha imisebenzi kaVivaldi besebenzisa izinsimbi eziyiqiniso namasu avela enkathini yeBaroque. Lokhu kwaholela ekwaziseni okukhulu nasekudumeni komculo kaVivaldi, osekukhona kuze kube namuhla.