Isebenza kanjani i-WiFi

Ezweni lanamuhla eliya ngokuya lixhumeka, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-Wi-Fi isebenza kanjani: ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokuxhumana nokufinyelela ku-inthanethi. Kusukela yasungulwa, i-Wi-Fi isiguqule indlela esixhuma ngayo futhi sixhumana ngayo ngaphandle kwentambo, emakhaya ethu nasezindaweni zomphakathi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-Wi-Fi ngokuningiliziwe, kusukela ekudluliselweni kwedatha kuye ekutheni uxhumo lusungulwa kanjani. phakathi kwamadivayisiHlanganyela nathi kulolu hambo ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwalobu buchwepheshe osebuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwedijithali.

1. Isingeniso sendlela i-WiFi esebenza ngayo

I-Wi-Fi ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya obukuvumela ukuthi uxhume ku-inthanethi usebenzisa amaza omsakazo esikhundleni sezintambo. Inikeza ikhono lokuxhuma ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwentambo kumadivayisi afana nomakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, namakhompyutha. namanye amadivaysi I-WiFi ivuliwe.

Kulesi sigaba, sizonikeza isingeniso esinemininingwane sokuthi i-Wi-Fi isebenza kanjani, kusukela kokuyisisekelo kuya kumininingwane ethuthuke kakhulu. Sizochaza ukuthi uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi lusungulwa kanjani, ukuthi amarutha namaphoyinti okufinyelela asebenza kanjani, nokuthi idatha idluliselwa kanjani kunethiwekhi engenantambo. Sizophinda sihlole amazinga e-Wi-Fi ahlukene namafrikhwensi asetshenzisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizoxoxa ngezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-Wi-Fi, okuhlanganisa nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha nokusebenza. Sizohlinzeka ngamathiphu okuthuthukisa uxhumano lwakho lwe-Wi-Fi. ukuxazulula izinkinga izinkinga ezivamile futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yesignali. Sizophinda sisho amathuluzi awusizo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha nokuxilonga Amanethiwekhi we-WiFiNgamafuphi, ekupheleni kwalesi sigaba, uzoba nokuqonda okuqinile kokuthi i-Wi-Fi isebenza kanjani futhi uzilungiselele ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele lobu buchwepheshe obungenantambo.

2. Izimiso eziyisisekelo ngemuva kwe-WiFi

I-Wi-Fi, eyaziwa nangokuthi ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi engenantambo, isitholakala yonke indawo ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke. Kusukela ekusivumeleni ukuthi sifinyelele i-inthanethi kusuka noma yikuphi emakhaya ethu kuya ekuhlinzekeni ukuxhumana okungenantambo ezindaweni zomphakathi njengezitolo zekhofi nezikhumulo zezindiza, ukubaluleka kwayo angeke kubukelwe phansi. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-Wi-Fi isebenza kanjani, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimiso eziyisisekelo ngemuva kwalobu buchwepheshe. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizohlola lezi zimiso ezibalulekile ukuze siqonde ukuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kokuxhumeka kwe-Wi-Fi.

I-Wi-Fi isebenzisa amaza omsakazo ukudlulisa nokwamukela idatha. Lawa maza omsakazo asebenza ngefrikhwensi ethile, ehluka ngokuya ngezinga le-Wi-Fi elisetshenzisiwe. Esimweni esivame kakhulu, i-802.11n, imvamisa ingu-2.4 GHz noma i-5 GHz. Lawa maza omsakazo adluliselwa esuka kumarutha e-Wi-Fi aye kumadivayisi angenawaya, afana nomakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, noma amathebulethi, nokunye okuphambene. Okubalulekile, i-Wi-Fi isebenzisa isethi yemithetho ebizwa ngokuthi iphrothokholi ye-IEEE 802.11 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amadivayisi angakwazi ukuxhumana. kahle futhi iphephile.

I-WiFi isebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) ukuze idlulisele idatha isuka kwenye idivayisi iye kwenye. indlela ephumelelayoI-OFDM ihlukanisa isignali ye-RF ibe yizinkampani zenethiwekhi ezincane eziningi, ezibuthakathaka ezithunyelwa kanyekanye. Lokhu kuvumela umthamo omkhulu wedatha, njengoba inkampani yenethiwekhi ngayinye ingathwala inani elithile lolwazi. Ukwengeza, i-Wi-Fi isebenzisa amasu afana nokunqanyulwa kokuphazamiseka kanye nokukhanselwa kwe-echo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesignali nokuthembeka kokudluliswa okungenantambo. Lezi zimiso eziyisisekelo zibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi oluzinzile futhi olusheshayo lusungulwa futhi lugcinwe kanjani.

3. Ungalusungula kanjani uxhumano lwe-WiFi

Ukuze usungule uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi kudivayisi yakho, landela lezi zinyathelo:

Isinyathelo se-1: Qiniseka ukuthi irutha yakho ye-Wi-Fi ivuliwe futhi isebenza kahle. Hlola ukuthi isibonisi sokuxhuma sikhanyisiwe yini nokuthi azikho izinkinga zokumisa.

Isinyathelo se-2: Finyelela kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi engenantambo kudivayisi yakho, noma ngabe ikhompyutha, ithebhulethi, noma iselula. Iya esigabeni sezilungiselelo bese ubheka inketho ethi "Wi-Fi" noma "Amanethiwekhi Angenantambo".

Isinyathelo se-3: Uma usuthole inketho ye-WiFi, khetha igama lenethiwekhi ye-WiFi ofuna ukuxhuma kuyo. Leli gama laziwa njenge-SSID futhi livamise ukuphrintwa ku- ngemuva noma ohlangothini lwe-router. Faka iphasiwedi yenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi uma utshelwa bese uchofoza "Xhuma."

4. Iqhaza lamarutha ekusebenzeni kwe-WiFi

Amarutha adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Wi-Fi, njengoba engamadivayisi anomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqondisa ithrafikhi yedatha nokusungula ukuxhumana okungenantambo ezindlini zethu nasemahhovisi.

Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu esibhekana nazo lapho sisetha irutha ye-WiFi ukulahlekelwa isignali noma uxhumo olubuthakathaka. Ukuze uthuthukise lesi simo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzila usendaweni emaphakathi, ephakeme, kude nezithiyo ezifana nezindonga noma ifenisha yensimbi engavimba isignali. Kubuye kunconywe ukuyigcina ikude nodonga. kusuka kwamanye amadivaysi zikagesi ezingase ziphazamise isignali ye-WiFi.

Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza komzila wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenzisa isiteshi esiminyene kakhulu se-Wi-Fi. Ukuze uthole, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Wi-Fi Analyzer, azokubonisa amashaneli asetshenziswa amarutha aseduze. Uma usuhlonze isiteshi esiminyene kancane, ungafinyelela izilungiselelo zerutha usebenzisa ikheli layo le-IP futhi uguqule isiteshi mathupha. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi i-firmware yomzila wakho isesikhathini samanje, njengoba izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuzinza nokusebenza kwedivayisi. Khumbula ukuqala kabusha irutha yakho ngemuva kokufaka noma yiziphi izinguquko zokumisa.

5. Amazinga e-WiFi ahlukene kanye nomthelela wawo ekusebenzeni

Amazinga ahlukahlukene e-Wi-Fi adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamanethiwekhi ethu angenantambo. Lawa mazinga achaza isivinini esikhulu, ububanzi, kanye nenombolo yokuxhumeka ngasikhathi sinye okungasekelwa umzila we-Wi-Fi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi la mazinga asebenza kanjani ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho uthenga idivayisi entsha noma uthuthukisa inethiwekhi yakho ekhona.

Enye yezindinganiso ezivame kakhulu i-IEEE 802.11n, enikeza isivinini esingafika ku-450 Mbps kanye nobubanzi obufika kumamitha angu-70 ngaphakathi endlini. Nokho, uma sidinga ngisho nesivinini esisheshayo kanye a ukusebenza okungcono Ezimweni ezinamadivaysi amaningi axhunyiwe, singakhetha izinga le-IEEE 802.11ac. Leli zinga lisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-MIMO (I-Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) ukuze kusetshenziswe izimpondo eziningi futhi kudluliselwe idatha ngokuphumelelayo, kufinyelelwe isivinini esingafika ku-1.3 Gbps.

Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuhambisana kwamadivayisi ethu namazinga we-Wi-Fi. Uma sinamadivayisi amadala asekela kuphela izinga le-IEEE 802.11g, isivinini sethu singakhawulelwa. Ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele amazinga akamuva, kuyatuseka ukuthi ube nemishini ehambisanayo, njengama-smartphone, amathebulethi, noma amakhompyutha aphathekayo asekela amazinga e-IEEE 802.11n noma i-IEEE 802.11ac. Kufanele futhi siqinisekise ukuthi sinerutha ephinde isekele lawa mazinga ukuze ujabulele ukusebenza okuphezulu kunethiwekhi yethu ye-Wi-Fi.

6. Ukuqonda amanethiwekhi angenawaya kanye nobudlelwano bawo ne-WiFi

Inethiwekhi engenantambo isho ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinto zikagesi ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo. Ubuchwephesha obuvumela ukudluliswa kwedatha, izwi, nezithombe ngamaza omsakazo noma amasiginali wokukhanya kwe-infrared. I-Wi-Fi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyindinganiso yokuxhumana engenantambo evumela ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi kumadivayisi afana nomakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, namalaptop.

Amanethiwekhi angenantambo kanye ne-WiFi kuhlobene eduze, njengoba i-WiFi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana okungenantambo ukuze inikeze uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olunesivinini esikhulu. ngaphandle kwamakhebuli ngokomzimba. Lokhu kuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu nokuhamba, njengoba amadivayisi angaxhumeka kunethiwekhi noma yikuphi ngaphakathi kwebanga lesignali ye-Wi-Fi.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono amanethiwekhi angenantambo kanye nobudlelwano bawo ne-Wi-Fi, kubalulekile ukuqonda imiqondo eyisisekelo nezici zabo bobabili ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda amaphrothokholi enethiwekhi, amaza okusebenza, izinhlobo zokuphepha ezisetshenziswayo, namadivayisi adingekayo ukuze kusungulwe uxhumano olungenantambo. Kuyasiza futhi ukuzijwayeza nezinkinga ezivamile ezingase ziphakame lapho usetha noma usebenzisa inethiwekhi engenantambo, kanye nezixazululo ezinconyiwe zokuzixazulula.

7. Ukuhlola izingxenye ezibalulekile zenethiwekhi ye-WiFi

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izingxenye ezibalulekile zenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi nokuthi zingathonya kanjani ukusebenza kwayo nobubanzi. Inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi iqukethe izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinikeze uxhumano olungenantambo oluthembekile. Ngokuqonda ukuthi lezi zingxenye zisebenza kanjani, ungalungiselela inethiwekhi yakho ukuze isebenze kahle kakhulu.

Ingxenye yokuqala ebalulekile yenethiwekhi ye-WiFi yi- umzilaLolu cingo lusebenza njengendawo emaphakathi yenethiwekhi futhi lunomthwalo wemfanelo wokudlulisa isignali engenazintambo kumadivaysi axhunyiwe. Uma ukhetha umzila, kubalulekile ukucabangela isivinini sokudlulisa idatha, ububanzi, namandla okuphatha amadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amanye ama-router brand adumile afaka i-Linksys, i-TP-Link, ne-Netgear.

Enye ingxenye ebalulekile yi- punto de accesoNgokungafani nomzila, ovame ukuba phakathi nendawo yenethiwekhi, indawo yokufinyelela isetshenziselwa ukunweba ububanzi besignali ye-Wi-Fi. Le divayisi ixhumeka kumzila oyinhloko futhi isiza ukunweba ukumbozwa okungenantambo ezindaweni lapho isignali ibuthaka khona. Iwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezinkulu noma emahhovisi anezindonga eziwugqinsi ezingavimbela ukusakazeka kwesignali.

8. Idluliswa kanjani idatha ngenethiwekhi ye-WiFi

Ukudluliswa kwedatha ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kuyinqubo ebalulekile emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhunyiwe. Ngaphambi kokuhlolisisa ukuthi lokhu kudlulisela kwenziwa kanjani, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi isebenzisa amaza omsakazo ukudlulisa idatha ngokungenantambo isuka kwenye idivaysi iye kwenye. Lokhu kuvumela ukuxhumana nokuxhumana phakathi kwamadivaysi. amadivaysi ahlukahlukene, njengamakhompuyutha, ama-smartphone namathebulethi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo ezibonakalayo.

Inqubo yokudluliswa kwedatha ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi iqala lapho idivayisi ithumela isicelo sokuxhuma endaweni yokungena ye-Wi-Fi. Indawo yokufinyelela, okuyidivayisi enesibopho sokudlulisa isignali ye-Wi-Fi, ithola lesi sicelo futhi iqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa kwedivayisi. Uma isiqinisekisiwe, indawo yokufinyelela inikezela ngekheli le-IP kudivayisi exhunyiwe futhi isungula uxhumano oluvikelekile.

Uma uxhumano selumisiwe, idatha idluliselwa ngesimo samaphakethe ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi. Lawa maphakethe aqukethe ulwazi olufana nomthombo namakheli e-IP okuyiwa kuwo, kanye nedatha edluliswayo. Ulwazi oluqukethwe emaphaketheni luhlukaniswe lwaba amayunithi amancane ukuze kube lula ukudluliswa. Amadivayisi akunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi asebenzisa ama-algorithms ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi amaphakethe afika ngendlela efanele lapho aya khona futhi ayaboniswa. esibukweni yedivayisi eyamukelayo.

Ngamafuphi, ukudluliswa kwedatha ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kubandakanya ukuthumela nokwamukela amaphakethe edatha phakathi kwamadivaysi axhunywe kunethiwekhi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi buthuthuka, amasu namazinga asetshenzisiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwedatha okuphumelelayo nokuvikelekile. Ngokuqonda kahle ukuthi idatha idluliselwa kanjani ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, singasebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo zokuxhuma okungenantambo.

9. Ukubaluleka kwezivumelwano zokuphepha ku-WiFi

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani kubalulekile ukuthi kube nezivumelwano zokuphepha ze-Wi-Fi. Okokuqala, izimiso zokuphepha zivikela inethiwekhi yethu engenantambo ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zasekhaya nezamabhizinisi, njengoba ukuntuleka kokuphepha kungavumela abantu abangagunyaziwe ukuthi baxhume kunethiwekhi yethu futhi bafinyelele ulwazi olubucayi noma benze imisebenzi engekho emthethweni.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumeka okuvikelekile kwe-Wi-Fi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iphrothokholi yokuvikela eqinile, njenge-WPA2 noma i-WPA3, esikhundleni sezinketho ezindala, ezivikeleke kancane njenge-WEP. Lawa maphrothokholi asebenzisa ukubethela okuthuthukile ukuvikela ulwazi olusakazwa ngenethiwekhi. Kuphinde kunconywe ukuthi usethe iphasiwedi eqinile ye-Wi-Fi ehlanganisa izinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile, futhi uyiguqule ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uvimbele ukuhlaselwa kwe-brute-force.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ukugcina i-firmware yerutha yakho isesikhathini. Abakhiqizi bavamise ukukhipha izibuyekezo zezikhathi ezithile ezilungisa ubungozi futhi zithuthukise ukuvikeleka kwedivayisi. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi noma sebenzisa izinketho zokubuyekeza okuzenzakalelayo zomzila wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi usebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva ye-firmware. Futhi, gwema ukusebenzisa izici ezingadingekile, njenge-WPS (I-Wi-Fi Protected Setup), okungaba isango lokuhlasela.

10. Ungaphatha futhi uphathe kanjani inethiwekhi ye-WiFi

Ukuphatha nokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngezinyathelo ezifanele, ingenziwa ngempumelelo. Lesi sihloko sethula amasu namathuluzi ahlukahlukene okwenza lo msebenzi ube lula.

Okokuqala nokubalulekile, kubalulekile ukuba nesistimu yokuphatha inethiwekhi enhle ekuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele futhi ulawule zonke izici ze-Wi-Fi yakho. Inketho enconyiwe ukusebenzisa irutha enezici ezithuthukile, enikeza izinketho zokuphatha ezibanzi, njengokwabiwa komkhawulokudonsa, ukulawula ukufinyelela, nokuphepha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhlela nokuklama kwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi. Kuyancomeka ukwenza ukuhlaziya ingqalasizinda kanye nezidingo zemvelo ukuze kutholwe indawo efanele yezindawo zokungena. Kubuye kunconywe ukwenza izivivinyo zokukhava futhi ulungise amandla edivayisi ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuzinzile, kwekhwalithi ephezulu kuyo yonke indawo ekhavayo. Okokugcina, izinqubomgomo zokuphepha, ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwamagama ayimfihlo aqinile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokuqinisekisa eqinile, kufanele zisungulwe ukuze kuvikelwe inethiwekhi ezinsongweni ezingaba khona.

11. Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-WiFi uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokuxhuma

I-Wi-Fi iwubuchwepheshe bokuxhuma okungenantambo obunezinzuzo ezimbalwa kanye nokubi uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe. Enye yezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-Wi-Fi wukuba lula kwayo nokuvumelana nezimo. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhume ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwentambo besuka noma kuphi ebangeni, ngaphandle kwesidingo samakhebuli. Lokhu kusiza ukuhamba nokufinyelela ku-inthanethi kumadivayisi amaningi, njengomakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, namakhompyutha aphathekayo.

Enye inzuzo ye-Wi-Fi ijubane layo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokuxhuma, obufana ne-3G noma i-4G, i-Wi-Fi ngokuvamile inikeza izivinini zokuxhuma ezisheshayo. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi lapho ulanda noma usakaza okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, kanye nalapho wenza imisebenzi edinga uxhumano oluzinzile nolusheshayo, njengenkomfa ngevidiyo noma ukudlala ku-inthanethi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okubi kwe-Wi-Fi ububanzi bayo obunomkhawulo. Ububanzi benethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi bungahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, njengebanga phakathi kwerutha nedivayisi, ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izinto zikagesi, nezithiyo ezibonakalayo endaweni ezungezile, njengezindonga noma ifenisha. Ukwengeza, isivinini sokuxhuma nekhwalithi kungase kwehle njengoba ibanga phakathi kwedivayisi nomzila likhula.

12. Amafrikhwensi namashaneli asetshenziswa i-WiFi

Lawa mazinga angahluka kuye ngezinga lenethiwekhi nezwe okulo. I-Wi-Fi isebenzisa amabhendi amabili ayinhloko efrikhwensi: 2.4 GHz kanye no-5 GHz. Ibhendi engu-2.4 GHz iyona evame kakhulu futhi ehambisana nemishini eminingi, kodwa ingase ibe lula ekuphazamisekeni kwezinye izinto zikagesi, njengamafoni angenazintambo nama-microwave. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhendi ye-5 GHz inikeza isivinini esiphezulu nokuphazamiseka okuncane, kodwa isignali inobubanzi obulinganiselwe.

Ngokungeziwe kumabhendi efrikhwensi, i-Wi-Fi isebenzisa amashaneli ukuxhumana nedatha phakathi kwerutha namadivayisi axhunyiwe. Ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka, amarutha e-Wi-Fi angasebenzisa amashaneli ahlukene ngaphakathi kwebhendi ngayinye yefrikhwensi. Kubhendi ye-2.4 GHz, kuneziteshi ezingu-14 ezitholakalayo, nakuba amanye amazwe evumela kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwesethi yazo engaphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubhendi ye-5 GHz, iziteshi eziningi ziyatholakala, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ukugwema ukuphazamiseka.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi, ukuze uzuze ukusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ugweme izinkinga zokuphazamiseka, kuhle ukhethe isiteshi se-Wi-Fi ngendlela efanele. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlaziya i-Wi-Fi ukuze akusize ubone iziteshi eziminyene kancane endaweni yangakini. Kuyatuseka futhi ukugwema ukugqagqana kwesiteshi namanye amarutha aseduze futhi ulungise amandla okudlulisela omzila ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka kumadivayisi angomakhelwane. Ngamafuphi, ukuqonda lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ikhwalithi yesiginali futhi uthuthukise umuzwa wokuxhumeka kumadivayisi akho.

13. Izinkinga ezijwayelekile kumanethiwekhi e-WiFi nokuthi ungazixazulula kanjani

Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga ezijwayelekile ku inethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFiUngakhathazeki. Nazi ezinye izixazululo. isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuze ukwazi ukuzixazulula kalula:

1. Hlola uxhumano lwe-inthanethi: Qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi ukuhlinzeka ngoxhumano oluzinzile. Qala kabusha imodemu yakho nerutha ukuze uvuselele uxhumano.

• Vala imodemu yakho nerutha. Linda imizuzwana embalwa, bese uwavula futhi.
• Hlola ukuthi ingabe amanye amadivayisi ahlangabezana nenkinga efanayo yokuxhumeka. Uma kunjalo, kungase kube inkinga ngomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.

2. Hlola izilungiselelo zerutha: Finyelela izilungiselelo zerutha yakho usebenzisa ikheli elithile le-IP kusiphequluli sakho sewebhu. Nansi indlela:

1. Vula isiphequluli sewebhu bese uthayipha ikheli le-IP lerutha kubha yekheli. Ngokuvamile kuba 192.168.1.1 o 192.168.0.1Uma ungaqiniseki ngekheli lakho le-IP, bheka imanuwali yomzila wakho.
2. Ngena ngemvume ekhasini lokucushwa lomzila wakho ngegama lomsebenzisi elilungile nephasiwedi. Igama eliyimfihlo eliyimfihlo livamise ukuthi "admin" noma lifakwe kuhlu lwelebula yomzila.
3. Uma usungenile, qinisekisa ukuthi izilungiselelo zerutha zilungile. Qiniseka ukuthi umzila usakaza isignali ye-Wi-Fi nokuthi izilungiselelo zokuphepha zifanelekile.

14. Ikusasa le-WiFi: ubuchwepheshe obusha namathrendi

Namuhla, i-Wi-Fi isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi ngamathrendi amasha nobuchwepheshe obukha ikusasa le-Wi-Fi. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo:

1. I-Wi-Fi 6: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-802.11ax, i-Wi-Fi 6 iyisizukulwane sakamuva sobuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi futhi inikeza izivinini zokuxhuma ezisheshayo kanye nokuphatha amadivayisi amaningi. Nge-Wi-Fi 6, abasebenzisi bangajabulela ulwazi olushelelayo lwe-inthanethi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziminyene namadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe.

2. Ukufika kwe-WiFi 6E: I-WiFi 6E ithatha izinzuzo ze-WiFi 6 iziyise ezingeni elisha ngokungeza ibhendi entsha ye-6GHz. Lokhu kuvumela iziteshi eziningi nokuphazamiseka okuncane, okuholela ekuxhumekeni okusheshayo nokuzinzile. Nge-WiFi 6E, abasebenzisi bazojabulela okuhlangenwe nakho okungcono nakakhulu mayelana nesivinini nokubambezeleka.

3. I-Mesh WiFi: I-Mesh WiFi ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa inethiwekhi yamanodi axhumene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwe-WiFi okungaguquki kulo lonke ikhaya noma ihhovisi. Esikhundleni sokuthembela endaweni eyodwa yokufinyelela, i-Mesh WiFi isebenzisa izindawo eziningi zokufinyelela ezisatshalaliswe ngamasu ukuze idale inethiwekhi eqinile futhi yandise ububanzi besiginali ye-WiFi. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezinkulu noma ezindaweni lapho izithiyo ezibonakalayo zingathinta ikhwalithi yesignali.

Ngamafuphi, ikusasa le-Wi-Fi libukeka lijabulisa futhi lithembisa. Nge-Wi-Fi 6, i-Wi-Fi 6E, ne-Mesh Wi-Fi, abasebenzisi bazokwazi ukujabulela ukuxhumana okushesha, okuzinzile, nokuthembeke kakhudlwana. Ukuhambisana namathrendi akamuva e-Wi-Fi nobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze uthole okungcono kakhulu ekuxhumekeni kwethu okungenantambo. Lungela ikusasa elingcono nakakhulu elingenantambo!

Ngamafuphi, i-Wi-Fi ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya obusebenzisa amaza omsakazo ukudlulisa idatha ngenethiwekhi. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa irutha njengendawo yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi futhi buvumela amadivayisi ukuthi axhume futhi axhumane ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo.

I-Wi-Fi isebenza ngokususelwe kumazinga okuxhumana okungenantambo, njengephrothokholi ye-IEEE 802.11, echaza imithetho nemibandela yokudluliswa kwedatha.

Uma idivayisi ixhuma kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, kuyasungulwa uxhumano phakathi kwerutha nocingo ngamaza omsakazo. Irutha ithola idatha kusuka kudivayisi futhi iyithumele nge-inthanethi, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa amashaneli efrikhwensi ahlukene ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka nokuqinisekisa ukudluliswa okuzinzile nokuthembekile.

I-Wi-Fi iphinde isebenzise ukushintshashintsha okuhlukile ukuze kudluliselwe idatha, njengokumodareyitha kwe-amplitude (AM), i-frequency modulation (FM), kanye nokuguqulwa kwesigaba (PM), okuvumela amasiginali amaningi ukuthi athunyelwe ngefrikhwensi efanayo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isignali ye-Wi-Fi ingase ithintwa izici ezihlukahlukene, njengebanga phakathi kwedivayisi nerutha, ukuba khona kwezithiyo ezibonakalayo, noma ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izinto zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa ukuthi ubeke irutha ngendlela efanele futhi usebenzise izinti zangaphandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesiginali.

Sengiphetha, i-Wi-Fi ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo obuhlinzeka ngoxhumano lwe-inthanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo. Ngenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, amadivaysi angaxhumana wodwa futhi afinyelele inhlobonhlobo yezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi. I-Wi-Fi ngokungangabazeki iyiguqule indlela esixhuma ngayo nesixhumana ngayo. esikhathini sedijithali.