I-Oracle Database ingenye yezinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuphatha isizindalwazi emhlabeni ibhizinisi ngenxa yokuthembeka nokusebenza kwalo. Nokho, kungenxa ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi ungadinga ukufuduka I-Oracle Database Edition ye-Express enguqulweni ephakeme, ukusizakala kokusebenza okuthuthukile okunikezwa yi-Oracle. Kulesi sihloko, sizokuqondisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu kufuduka ngempumelelo nangaphandle kwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe. Uma ufuna inkomba yobuchwepheshe nengathathi hlangothi ongasuka kuyo I-Oracle Database Express Edition kolunye uhlobo lwe-Oracle, uze endaweni efanele!
Okubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokufuduka, ibalulekile yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni kokubili isizindalwazi sokuqala kanye nanoma imaphi amafayela noma izingxenye ezihlobene. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele idatha uma kwenzeka kuba nesigameko phakathi nenqubo yokuthutha.
1. Izimfuneko zokufuduka zisuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition ziye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle
Izinguqulo zakamuva ze-Oracle Database zinikeza ububanzi obumangalisayo bezici ezithuthukile nokusebenza okungazuzisa amabhizinisi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Uma ubusebenzisa i-Oracle Database Express Edition (XE) futhi ufuna ukuthuthela enguqulweni egcwele neqine kakhudlwana, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabangele okuthile. izimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufuduka kuyaphumelela.
Okokuqala, kufanele ucabangele ukuhambisana phakathi kwezinguqulo ze-Oracle Database. Akuzona zonke izinguqulo zesizindalwazi ezisebenzisanayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi hlola ukuhambisana phakathi kwe-Oracle Database XE kanye nenguqulo ofuna ukuthuthela kuyo. Lokhu kungatholakala emibhalweni ye-Oracle esemthethweni noma ngosizo lomxhumanisi onguchwepheshe.
Enye imfuneko ebalulekile yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni (isipele) sesizindalwazi sakho samanje. Ngaphambi kokuqala noma iyiphi inqubo yokufuduka, kubalulekile lokho izivikelo idatha yakho ukugwema noma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa noma ukuphazamiseka. Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okulondoloza ahlinzekwe i-Oracle noma usebenzise amathuluzi athembekile ezinkampani zangaphandle. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcina ikhophi yasenqolobaneni endaweni ephephile futhi, uma kunesidingo, yenza ukuhlola ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isebenza kahle.
2. Hlola inguqulo efanele ye-Oracle ukuze uthuthe kusukela ku-Oracle Database Express Edition
Uma ucabanga suka ku-Oracle Database Uhlelo Olusheshayo kwenye inguqulo ye Oracle, Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo efaneleka kangcono ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho kanye nezidingo zakho. Ngaphambi kokwenza lesi sinqumo, kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko nemikhawulo yenguqulo ngayinye ye-Oracle. Inguqulo ngayinye inezici zayo nokusebenza kwayo, futhi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inguqulo ekhethiwe iyahambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona futhi ingaphatha umsebenzi wakho.
Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile zokuhlola inguqulo ye-Oracle efanele:
- Funcionalidades requeridas: Hlaziya imisebenzi oyidingayo kusizindalwazi sakho, njengobuchwepheshe bokuphepha, ukuphindaphinda kwedatha, ukwahlukanisa, njll. Qinisekisa ukuthi inguqulo ye-Oracle ekhethiwe inamakhono adingekayo odabeni lwakho lokusebenzisa.
- Imikhawulo yohlelo: Sicela uqaphele imikhawulo ethile ye-Oracle Database Express Edition (XE) futhi uhlole ukuthi ingabe le mikhawulo ingase ibe nomthelela omubi kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza noma umthwalo wakho wokusebenza. Isibonelo, i-XE ikhawulelwe ku-11 GB wokugcinwa kwedatha futhi ingasebenzisa kuphela idatha efinyelela ku-1 GB. Imemori ye-RAM.
- Ukwesekwa nokugcinwa: Cabangela ukwesekwa kanye nomjikelezo wempilo wenguqulo ekhethiwe ye-Oracle. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ingabe inguqulo izothola izibuyekezo zokuvikeleka namapeshi esikhathini esizayo nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani.
Ngokufigqiwe, suka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition uye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle Kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Cabangela ukusebenza okudingekile, imikhawulo ye-edishini, nokusekelwa nokugcinwa kwenguqulo ngayinye. Ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukufuduka okuyimpumelelo nokusebenza okuphelele kwesizindalwazi sakho se-Oracle.
3. Ukuhlelwa okuphumelelayo kokufuduka namasu
Ukufuduka usuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition uye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngokuhlela okufanele namasu asebenzayo, kungenziwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile nokucatshangelwa kokufuduka okuyimpumelelo:
Ukuhlolwa kwenguqulo ye-Oracle eqondiwe: Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokuthutha, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela inguqulo ye-Oracle ohlela ukuthuthela kuyo. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhambisana kwenguqulo yomthombo kanye nenguqulo eqondiwe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo nezinguquko phakathi kwakho. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukufuduka kuyimpumelelo nokuthi azikho izinkinga zokungahambisani noma zokusebenza okuhlangatshezwana nazo.
Isipele nokubuyisela: Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukuthuthela, kubalulekile ukwenza isipele esiphelele se-OracleDatabase Database Express Edition. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi, uma kwenzeka kuba nanoma iyiphi inkinga noma iphutha ngesikhathi sokufuduka, isizindalwazi singabuyiselwa esimweni saso sangempela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa idatha. Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni kufanele iphelele futhi ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho nokutholakala kwayo.
Ukuhlolwa kokufuduka: Ngaphambi kokufuduka unaphakade, kunconywa ukwenza izivivinyo zokufuduka endaweni yokuhlola. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubone izinkinga ezingaba khona noma amaphutha ngesikhathi senqubo yokufuduka futhi uwalungise ngaphambi kokwenza ukufuduka endaweni yokukhiqiza. Ukuhlolwa kokuthuthela kwenye indawo kufanele kuphelele futhi kufake zonke izici zesizindalwazi, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo ezithile zedatha, izinto, kanye nokusebenza okusetshenziswe ekuthuthweni. isizindalwazi de Uhlelo lwe-Oracle Database Express.
4. Amathuluzi anconyiwe nobuchwepheshe bokuthuthwa kwedatha
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Ukuthuthwa kwedatha I-Oracle Database Express Edition kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kungase kubonakale kuwumsebenzi oyinselele, kodwa nge- amathuluzi afanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe ubuchwepheshe obunconywayo, le nqubo ingasebenza ngempumelelo futhi iphephe kakhudlwana. Ngezansi ezinye izinketho ongazicabangela:
1. Iphampu Yedatha ye-Oracle: Ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lokukhipha kanye nokungenisa idatha ngefomethi yefayela lokulahla idatha (i-DMP). Ngalobu buchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuhambisa idatha isuka enguqulweni ye-Express Edition iye enguqulweni yakamuva ye-Oracle kalula futhi ngokushesha. Ukwengeza, leli thuluzi linikeza inketho yokuguqula idatha ukuze ihambisane nenguqulo entsha.
2. Oracle GoldenGate: Lobu buchwepheshe bokuphindaphinda idatha bukuvumela ukuthi uthuthe idatha ngesikhathi sangempela kusuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition kuye kwenye inguqulo. Ngaleli thuluzi, izinguquko ezenziwe kusizindalwazi somthombo zithwetshulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ziphindaphindwe kusizindalwazi esiqondiwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwedatha phakathi nenqubo yokuthutha futhi kunciphisa Isikhathi sokungasebenzi.
3. SQL*Loader: Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwe-Oracle Database luvumela ukulayishwa kwenqwaba yedatha kusuka kumafayela ombhalo ongenalutho kuya kusizindalwazi. Kuyinketho ekahle uma udinga ukuthutha amavolumu amakhulu wedatha usuka enguqulweni ye-Express Edition uye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle. Ngaleli thuluzi, kungenzeka ukulayisha idatha ngokushesha nangempumelelo, kuyilapho kugcinwa ubuqotho nokuvumelana kwayo.
5. Ukucushwa kanye ukulungiswa kuyadingeka enguqulweni entsha ye-Oracle
Ukufuduka kusuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition kuya kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kudinga izinyathelo ezithile zokumisa nokulungiswa okudingekayo. Lezi zinyathelo zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokufuduka eyimpumelelo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngendlela efanele kwenguqulo entsha. Ngezansi ezinye zezici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kwenziwa lokhu kufuduka:
1. Okudingekayo: Ngaphambi kokuqala ukufuduka, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimfuneko ziyafinyelelwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi unesikhala esanele sokulondoloza esitholakalayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inguqulo ye-Oracle ofuna ukuthuthela kuyo iyahambisana nenguqulo yamanje ye-Oracle Express Edition, nokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yolwazi olukhona.
2. Ukwenza ukufakwa okuhlanzekile: Ukuze usuke ku-Oracle Database Express Edition uye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle, kuyanconywa ukuthi ufake kabusha esikhundleni sokuthuthukisa noma ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inguqulo entsha ye-Oracle endaweni entsha bese uthutha idatha nokulungiselelwa kusuka kusizindalwazi esikhona kuya ekufakweni okusha. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukufuduka okuhlanzekile futhi inciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga zokuhambisana.
3. Ukucushwa kanye nezilungiselelo ezengeziwe: Uma ukufakwa kwenguqulo entsha ye-Oracle sekuqediwe futhi idatha nezilungiselelo sezithuthiwe, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinguquko ezengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo okulungile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulungisa isenzakalo se-Oracle esisha, ukubuyekeza amafayela okumisa, ukulungisa uxhumo lwenethiwekhi, nokwenza ukuhlola okubanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi yonke into isebenza kahle.
6. Ukuhlolwa okubanzi nokuqinisekiswa kokuthuthwa kwedatha
Ukuhlolwa kokuthuthwa kwedatha: Enye yezinto ezibalulekile uma wenza ukuthutha kwedatha ukwenza izivivinyo eziphelele ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho nokunemba kwedatha edlulisiwe. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuthutha okuphelele, kubalulekile ukwenza prueba piloto kusetshenziswa isampula elimele idatha. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona futhi ulungise inqubo yokufuduka ngendlela efanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele zisetshenziswe izikripthi zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwedatha enguqulweni entsha ye-Oracle.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwedatha: Uma ukufuduka okuphelele sekwenziwe, kubalulekile ukwenza a ukuqinisekiswa okuphelele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha idluliswe ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imibuzo kanye nemibhalo yokuhlola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bedatha nokusebenza kwesistimu. Ngokungeziwe ekuqinisekiseni idatha, kubalulekile futhi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza nokuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imisebenzi ehlobene nokuthutha iyasebenza.
Okunye okufanele ukucabangele: Phakathi nenqubo yokufuduka, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izici ezengeziwe. izipele yedatha ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthuthela ukugwema ukulahleka kolwazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- Imikhuba engcono kakhulu ye-Oracle ukuqinisekisa ukufuduka okuyimpumelelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubuyekeza abashayeli kanye nesofthiwe ehlobene, kanye nokwenza kahle ukucushwa kwendawo entsha Okokugcina, kuyatuseka ukuba nosizo lwe ochwepheshe bokuthuthwa kwedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo luyenziwa ngempumelelo futhi ngaphandle kwezihibe.
7. Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile phakathi nenqubo yokufuduka
Inqubo ye-Oracle Migration Uhlelo lwe-Database Express kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile futhi sidinga ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sicatshangelwe ukuhambisana kwenguqulo eqondiwe nesizindalwazi samanje.. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inguqulo entsha ye-Oracle ihambisana nezingxenye nezici ezisetshenziswa kusizindalwazi esikhona. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuhlola ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga ezaziwayo zokusebenzisana phakathi kwenguqulo yamanje kanye nenguqulo eqondiwe, futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo.
Elinye iphuzu okufanele licatshangelwe phakathi nenqubo yokufuduka yi ukuhlelwa kokuhlolwa okubanzi nokwenza. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuthutha, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlola endaweni yokuthuthuka noma ukuhlola ukuze uhlonze futhi ulungise izinkinga ezingaba khonangaphambi kokwenza ukuthutha endaweni yokukhiqiza. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele zibandakanye ukuqinisekiswa kobuqotho bedatha, ukusebenza kombuzo, kanye nokusebenza kukonke kwesizindalwazi esithuthiwe.
Ngaphezu kokuhlela nokwenza izivivinyo, kubalulekile yenza isipele esiphelele nesithembekile sesizindalwazi samanje ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokufuduka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma kwenzeka noma iyiphi inkinga ngesikhathi sokufuduka, i-database ingabuyiselwa esimweni sayo sangaphambilini ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwedatha kufanele igcinwe endaweni evikelekile futhi ifinyeleleke ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ukuthutha kuqedwe ngempumelelo.
8. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa ukufuduka okuphumelelayo
Lesi sihloko sigxile ezinguqulweni ezisuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition ziye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle. Isizindalwazi ukuthuthela kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi nethambile, futhi kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile nokucatshangelwa ukuze ugweme izinkinga nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthutha kuyimpumelelo.
1. Linganisa ukuhambisana: Ngaphambi ukuqala inqubo yokufuduka, ibalulekile hlola ukuhambisana phakathi kwenguqulo yamanje ye-Oracle Database Express Edition kanye nenguqulo ofuna ukuthuthela kuyo. Hlola ukungahambisani mayelana nezici, imisebenzi, ne-syntax yomyalo. Bheka imibhalo esemthethweni ye-Oracle noma thintana nabosekelo lobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthembekile ngezinguqulo ezisekelwayo.
2. Yenza isipele futhi ubuyisele: Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni efanele yedathabheyisi ekhona ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho datha ebalulekile elahlekayo ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Yenza isipele Gcwalisa imininingwane egciniwe ye-Oracle Database Express Edition futhi uyigcine endaweni evikelekile. Phakathi nenqubo yokuthutha, sebenzisa lesi sipele ukuze ubuyisele isizindalwazi uma kuba nezinkinga noma amaphutha Qiniseka ukuthi uhlole ukubuyisela ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nenqubo.
3. Yenza izivivinyo zokuthutha: Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuthuthela endaweni ekhiqizayo, kuyanconywa enze izivivinyo zokufuduka ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi yonke into isebenza kahle. Setha indawo yokuhlola efana nemvelo yokukhiqiza futhi usebenzise ukuthuthela kule ndawo. Yenza ukuhlola okubanzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi yonke idatha nezilungiselelo zithuthwa ngendlela efanele nokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza namasevisi ancike kusizindalwazi aqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ezikhonjwe phakathi nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokwenza ukuthuthela endaweni yokukhiqiza.
9. Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezijwayelekile ekuthuthweni kwe-Oracle Database
Ukufuduka kusuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition kuya kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kungaletha izinselele nezinkinga ezivamile ezidinga isixazululo esifanele. Ngezansi kunezinkinga ezintathu ezivamile ezingase ziphakame phakathi nale nqubo kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona:
1. Ukungahambisani nesakhiwo sedatha: Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu lapho uthutha usuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition uya enguqulweni ephakeme ukungahambisani kwesakhiwo sedatha. Uma isizindalwazi esiqondiwe sinesakhiwo esihlukile, ezinye izinto noma izici zingase zingathuthwa ngendlela efanele. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, kunconywa ukuthi ubuyekeze mathupha futhi ulungise isakhiwo sedatha kusizindalwazi esiqondiwe ukuze siyenze ihambisane nenguqulo entsha. Kuvumelekile futhi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuthutha angenza lo msebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo.
2. Izinkinga zokusebenza: Enye inkinga engavela phakathi nokuthutha ukonakala kokusebenza. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko zokucushwa kwesistimu, izinkinga zokuhambisana nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, noma ivolumu ephezulu yedatha. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, kuhle ukwenza ukuhlaziya okuphelele kokusebenza kwesizindalwazi ngaphambi nangemva kokufuduka. Kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukucushwa kwesistimu, ukusebenzisa izinkomba ezifanele, futhi ucabangele ukuhlukanisa idatha ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza.
3. Ukungahambisani kohlelo lokusebenza: Okokugcina, ukungahambelani kohlelo lokusebenza kungenye inkinga ejwayelekile engavela phakathi nokuthutha isuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition. Izinguqulo ezintsha ze-Oracle zingase zethule izinguquko ku-syntax ye-SQL noma ukusebenza, okungabangela amaphutha ezinhlelweni ezikhona kakade. Ngoba xazulula le nkinga, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuyekeze futhi ubuyekeze ikhodi yesicelo ukuze ihambisane nenguqulo entsha ye-Oracle. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukwenza ukuhlola okubanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi yonke imisebenzi nemibuzo isebenza ngendlela efanele.
Sengiphetha, ukufuduka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition kuye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle kungase kudale izinkinga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlela okufanele nokuxazulula izinkinga, kungenzeka ukukunqoba futhi uqinisekise ukufuduka okuphumelelayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ube nohlelo oluhle lokufuduka, wenze ukuhlola okubanzi, futhi ube nokusekelwa ochwepheshe be-Oracle ukuze ubhekane nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame.
10. Ukugcinwa kokugcinwa kokufuduka kanye nemibhalo ukuze kuphathwe ngendlela efanele
Inqubo yokuthutha isuka ku-Oracle Database Express Edition iye kwenye inguqulo ye-Oracle ingaba yinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngokulandela izinyathelo ezifanele nezinqubo uguquko oluyimpumelelo lungafinyelelwa. Uma ukufuduka sekuqediwe, kubalulekile ukwenza ukugcinwa okufanele kanye nemibhalo yangemva kokufuduka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa kahle kohlelo.
Okokuqala nje, kuyisisekelo yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yesizindalwazi ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokuthutha. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ulungise noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Kuyanconywa futhi enze ukuhlola okubanzi endaweni yokuhlola ngaphambi kokwenza ukuthutha endaweni yokukhiqiza.
Uma ukufuduka sekuqediwe, kubalulekile ukwenza okwanele ukunakekelwa kwesistimu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwenza njalo imisebenzi efana nokwenza izipele ezivamile, ukusebenzisa iziqephu zokuphepha nezibuyekezo, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile bhala zonke izinguquko eyenziwe ngesikhathi sokuthutha ukuze kube lula ukuxazulula izinkinga nezibuyekezo ezizayo.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.