Indlela yokwazi iminyaka yomuntu.

Ukunqunywa okunembile kweminyaka yobudala womuntu kungaba inselele impela, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kolwazi lwangemuva noma imibhalo. Nokho, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene ochwepheshe abazisebenzisayo ukuze balinganisele iminyaka ngokunembile nangokwethembeka. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ukunquma iminyaka yomuntu, kusukela ezindleleni ezisekelwe ekubukekeni komzimba kuya ekuhlaziyweni kwethambo kanye ne-biometric. Hlanganyela nathi kulolu hambo ngokusebenzisa amasu asetshenziswa ukwembula imfihlakalo yeminyaka yomuntu futhi uthole ukuthi isayensi nobuchwepheshe kungasisiza kanjani sifunde imikhondo yesikhathi emzimbeni wethu.

1. Izindlela ezinembile zokunquma iminyaka yomuntu

Ukuze kunqunywe iminyaka yomuntu ngokunembile, kuyadingeka ukuba kube namasu namathuluzi akhethekile ahlukahlukene. Ngezansi kukhona izinyathelo ezibalulekile ukufeza le nqubo:

Izinyathelo:

• Hlola ukukhula kwamathambo: Ama-X-ray esandla nesihlakala angasetshenziswa ukukhomba izinga lokuvuthwa kwamathambo.
• Hlola amazinyo: Isimo nokuqhuma kwamazinyo kunikeza izinkomba mayelana neminyaka, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nasebancane.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA: ezimeni lapho ukunemba okuphelele kudingeka khona, ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA kungasetshenziswa ukuze kutholwe iminyaka yobudala bebhayoloji yomuntu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu ezithambile: Ngokutadisha isikhumba, imisipha, nezinye izici zomzimba, izilinganiso ezinzima zeminyaka zingenziwa.
• Izingxoxo namarekhodi omlando: Kwezinye izimo, ukuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nezenzakalo ezibalulekile ekuphileni komuntu kungasiza ukulinganisa iminyaka yakhe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukunemba kwalawa masu kungahluka kuye ngesimo ngasinye. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezindlela futhi uthintane nochwepheshe kulo mkhakha ukuze uthole imiphumela enokwethenjelwa. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nobumfihlo lapho wenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlola oluhlobene neminyaka yomuntu.

2. Izindlela zesayensi zokuhlola iminyaka yomuntu ngamunye

Kunezindlela eziningana zesayensi ezisetshenziswayo ukuhlola ngokunembile iminyaka yomuntu. Lezi zindlela zisekelwe ezinkomba ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo nezobuchwepheshe ezisivumela ukuba sinqume ngokunembile isigaba somuntu sokuthuthuka. Okuthathu kokusetshenziswa kakhulu kuzochazwa ngezansi. okwamanje: ukuhlaziywa kwama-x-ray amathambo, ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo kanye nocwaningo lwezimpawu zofuzo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-x-ray yamathambo kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokunquma iminyaka yomuntu. Le ndlela isekelwe ocwaningweni lwesakhiwo nokwakheka kwamathambo ngokusebenzisa izithombe ze-radiographic. Ngokuhlola izici ezifana nokuthuthukiswa kwama-epiphyses kanye nezinyunyana phakathi kwamathambo, ochwepheshe bangakwazi ukulinganisa ngokunembile iminyaka elinganiselwe yomuntu ngamunye. Lolu hlobo lokuhlaziya luwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni iminyaka yezingane nentsha, ngoba amathambo abo asathuthuka.

Enye indlela esetshenziswayo ukuhlola amazinyo. Amazinyo omuntu anganikeza nolwazi olubalulekile mayelana neminyaka yakhe. Njengoba umuntu ekhula, amazinyo aba nezinguquko ezithile ekwakhiweni nasekubukekeni kwawo. Ochwepheshe be-Forensic odontology bangahlola izici ezifana nezinga lokuguga kwamazinyo, ukuba khona kwemigodi, nokuqhuma kwe-molar yesithathu ukuze kutholwe cishe iminyaka yobudala yomuntu. Le ndlela iwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni iminyaka yabantu abadala, lapho amathambo aseqedile ukuthuthukiswa kwawo.

Okokugcina, ucwaningo lwezimpawu zofuzo luphinde lwafakazela ukuthi luyithuluzi eliphumelelayo ekunqumeni iminyaka yomuntu. Ochwepheshe bezofuzo ze-Forensic basebenzisa amasu akhethekile ukuze bahlaziye i-DNA futhi babheke izinguquko ezithile ezihlobene neminyaka. Lezi zinguquko zaziwa ngokuthi omaka be-epigenetic futhi zinganikeza ulwazi olunembile mayelana neminyaka yobudala yomuntu. Nakuba le ndlela ingavamile kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa neyangaphambili, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlale kuguquguquka futhi kuthembisa ukuba yithuluzi elinembile nelithembekile esikhathini esizayo.

3. Ukubaluleka kokwazi iminyaka eqondile yomuntu

Ukwazi iminyaka eqondile yomuntu kubalulekile ezimweni eziningi, kungaba ngokwezinjongo zomthetho, izibalo noma ukuhlela. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kulula, ukunquma iminyaka eqondile kungaba inselele uma imibhalo efanele ingatholakali noma uma kukhona ukungezwani kumarekhodi. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza futhi sinikeze amathiphu athile asebenzayo ukuze sithole lolu lwazi ngokunembile.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iminyaka eqondile yomuntu ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila. Isibonelo, emacaleni omthetho, ukunqunywa okunembile kweminyaka yobudala kubalulekile ekunqumeni amandla omthetho omuntu, ukusungula isibopho sezomthetho, noma ukunquma iminyaka yobudala beningi. Futhi, emkhakheni wezempilo, iminyaka eqondile ibalulekile ekunikezeni imithi efanele noma ukwenza ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. ngokuphephile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emkhakheni wezibalo, ukwazi iminyaka eqondile yomuntu kubalulekile ukuze wenze ukuhlaziya okunembile kwezibalo zabantu nokuthola idatha ethembekile.

Ukuthola iminyaka eqondile yomuntu, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene namathuluzi atholakalayo. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa imibhalo yezomthetho, njenge izitifiketi zokuzalwa noma amaphasipoti, ngokuvamile anolwazi olunembayo mayelana usuku lokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ezimeni lapho le mibhalo ingatholakali khona, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela, njengezibalo ezisekelwe ezehlakalweni zomlando, ukuhlaziya izici zomzimba noma ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zindlela ezihlukile zingase zibe nephutha elikhulu futhi kufanele zenziwe ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe.

4. Ukuhlolwa kweminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi ngokusekelwe ezicini zomzimba

Emkhakheni we-forensic anthropology, ukuhlolwa kweminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi ngokusekelwe ezicini zomzimba kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuhlonza izinsalela zomuntu. Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amasu nezindlela zesayensi ezehlukene ezisivumela ukuthi sinqume isilinganiso seminyaka yomuntu ngesikhathi sokufa. Ngezansi kunezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokwenza lokhu kuhlola ngokunembile.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo: Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokunquma iminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi iwucwaningo lwamazinyo. Ukuqhuma kwamazinyo nokulahlekelwa kwamazinyo ezinsana kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokulinganisa iminyaka yomuntu ngamunye. Ukwengeza, isimo samazinyo ahlala njalo kanye nokuguga kwamazinyo nakho kunganikeza izinkomba zeminyaka elinganiselwe yomuntu.

2. Ukuhlola Amathambo: Enye indlela evamile yokuhlola iminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi iwukuhlola ukukhula nokuhlanganiswa kwamathambo ahlukene ohlaka lwamathambo omuntu. Ngokubheka izikhungo ze-ossification nama-epiphyses, kungenzeka ukunquma iminyaka ngokwezinga elithile. Izinga lokuthuthuka kwama-epiphyses kanye nokuhlangana kwamathambo kungaba izinkomba zeminyaka yomuntu ngamunye.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwezici zesibili: Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwamazinyo nohlaka lwamathambo, izici zobulili zesibili kufanele futhi zicatshangelwe. Lezi zici, njengokukhula kwebele kwabesifazane noma ukukhula kwezinwele zobuso emadodeni, zinganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana neminyaka yomuntu ngamunye. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kunokuhlukahlukana komuntu ngamunye ekuthuthukisweni kwalezi zici nokuthi azizona izinkomba ezingenaphutha zeminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi.

Sengiphetha, ukuhlolwa kweminyaka yokulandelana kwezikhathi ngokusekelwe ezicini zomzimba Kuyinqubo inkimbinkimbi edinga inhlanganisela yamasu nezindlela zesayensi. Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo, ukuhlolwa kwamathambo, nokubhekwa kwezici zesibili ezinye zezindlela ezisetshenziswa kulo mkhakha. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zindlela zinikeza izilinganiso ezinzima kuphela nokuthi kungase kube nokuhluka okuphawulekayo komuntu ngamunye. Kubalulekile ukuba nochwepheshe be-forensic anthropology benze lokhu kuhlola ngokunembile futhi baqinisekise ukunemba kwemiphumela.

5. Ukuhlaziywa kweminyaka yamazinyo njengenkomba ethembekile

Ukuhlaziywa kweminyaka yamazinyo kuyithuluzi elithembekile elisetshenziswa ku-forensic odontology ukuze kutholwe iminyaka yomuntu ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni nasekuqhumeni kwamazinyo. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ezinye izindlela ezinembile zokunquma ubudala bomuntu ngamunye zingatholakali. Ngokuhlolisisa amazinyo nokukhula kwawo, izazi ze-forensic odontologists zingalinganisa iminyaka yomuntu ngesilinganiso esiphansi sephutha.

Kunezinkomba ezimbalwa ezisetshenziswa ochwepheshe ukuze bahlaziye iminyaka yamazinyo. Ezinye zalezi zinkomba zihlanganisa isikhathi sokuqhuma kwezinyo, i-toomy anatomy, nezici ze-dentition. Ukulandelana kwamazinyo ahlala njalo emlonyeni kunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana neminyaka yomuntu. Ukwengeza, i-morphology kanye nesimo sokukhula kwamazinyo kungaba usizo ekulinganiseni iminyaka elinganiselwe yomuntu.

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kweminyaka yamazinyo kunganikeza kuphela isilinganiso esinzima sobudala bomuntu futhi akuyona indlela enembile. Kodwa-ke, uma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokulinganisa ubudala, njengokuhlaziywa kwamathambo nokuhlola izicubu ezithambile, kunganikeza isithombe esiphelele nesithembekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziya iminyaka yamazinyo kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo emacaleni amaningi e-forensic, okubonisa ukusebenza kwawo njengethuluzi ekuhlonzeni abantu abangaziwa.

6. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ze-radiographic ukulinganisa iminyaka yamathambo

Amasu e-Radiographic asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni we-forensic odontology kanye nemithi ye-forensic ukulinganisa iminyaka yamathambo yomuntu. Lawa masu avumela ochwepheshe ukuba banqume ukuthi umuntu uneminyaka engakanani besebenzisa izinguquko ezenzeka emathanjeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola i-x-ray yesifunda okufanele sihlolwe, njengesandla nesihlakala. Uma isithombe sesitholiwe, izilinganiso ezinembile zezakhiwo zamathambo ezihlukene ziyenziwa futhi ziqhathaniswe namazinga okubhekisela ukuze kunqunywe iminyaka elinganiselwe yomuntu ngamunye. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi kunezindlela ezahlukene kanye namazinga okubhekisela atholakalayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha indlela efanele yecala ngalinye.

Phakathi kwamasu asetshenziswa kakhulu e-radiographic ukulinganisa iminyaka yamathambo yindlela ye-Greulich ne-Pyle, indlela ye-Tanner-Whitehouse, kanye nendlela yokuhlola amazinyo. Ngayinye yalezi zindlela isekelwe ezinguqukweni ezahlukene ezenzeka emathanjeni njengoba umuntu ekhula futhi ekhula. Ukwengeza, kunezinhlelo zesofthiwe ezitholakalayo ezingasiza ukubala iminyaka elinganiselwe kusetshenziswa idatha ye-radiographic, inikeze ukunemba okukhulu nokusebenza kahle enqubweni yokulinganisa.

Ngamafuphi, iyithuluzi eliyigugu emkhakheni we-forensic odontology kanye nemithi yezomthetho. Lawa masu avumela ochwepheshe ukuba benze isilinganiso esinzima sobudala bomuntu besebenzisa izilinganiso ezinembile zezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zamathambo. Ukukhethwa okufanele kwesu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindinganiso zokubhekisela kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela ethembekile. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zesofthiwe ezikhethekile kungathuthukisa ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokulinganisa.

7. Amathuluzi e-Forensic ukunquma iminyaka yomuntu

Ukunquma iminyaka yomuntu emkhakheni wezobunhloli, kunamathuluzi namasu ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa. Lawa mathuluzi asekelwe ezicini ezihlukahlukene zebhayoloji nezomzimba ezishintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela avumele isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sobudala bomuntu okukhulunywa ngaye.

Elinye lamathuluzi avamile ukuhlola amazinyo, okusekelwe ekuqapheliseni izinguquko ezenzeka emazinyweni njengoba umuntu eguga. Izici eziqondile zamazinyo, njengokusabalaliswa kwamaminerali, ukulahlekelwa koqweqwe lwawo, kanye nokuba khona kwemigodi, phakathi kokunye, kungahlaziywa ukuze kutholwe cishe iminyaka yobudala.

Enye indlela esetshenziswayo ukuhlola amathambo, lapho kuhlolwa khona amathambo omuntu. Ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwamathambo kuyinqubo eyenzeka njalo kuyo yonke impilo, futhi kunezinkomba ezithile ezingasetshenziswa ukunquma iminyaka elinganiselwe. Lezi zinkomba zingase zihlanganise ukuhlanganiswa kwama-epiphyses amathambo, ukuminyana kwamathambo, nokuthuthukiswa kwamalunga athile.

8. Imikhawulo nezinselele ekunqumeni iminyaka yabantu

Ukunqunywa okunembile kweminyaka yomuntu kuveza imikhawulo nezinselele okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kwenziwa lolu hlobo lokuhlaziya. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ukuhlukahluka kwejubane lokukhula nentuthuko kubantu beminyaka eyahlukene kanye nezimo zamasiko. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa indlela yomhlaba wonke yokubala iminyaka yomuntu yokulandelana kwezenzakalo.

Omunye umkhawulo obalulekile ukuntuleka kwedatha enembile nethembekile ngesikhathi esiqondile sezenzakalo ezibalulekile ezihlobene nokukhula nokuthuthukiswa, njengokuqhuma kwamazinyo noma ukuvuthwa kwamathambo. Le datha ibalulekile ekunqumeni ngokunembile ubudala futhi ingase ishodeke noma ingalungile kwezinye izimo.

Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukunquma iminyaka yobudala zingathinteka yizici zangaphandle, njengokudla okunomsoco, impilo evamile, kanye nofuzo. Lezi zici zingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni komzimba womuntu futhi zidale ukuchezuka ekulinganisweni kweminyaka yobudala. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba namathuluzi aqinile nezindlela ezicabangela lokhu kuhlukahluka ukuze uthole imiphumela enembe kakhudlwana.

9. Ukunemba kokuhlola ukukhula kwamathambo ezinganeni

Kubalulekile ukukhomba noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle noma ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni kwayo. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokwenza lokhu kuhlola ngokunembe nangempumelelo, futhi kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizochaza kabanzi ezinye zazo.

Elinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola ukukhula kwamathambo ezinganeni i-radiography. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ubone ngeso lengqondo uhlaka lwamathambo engane futhi unqume ukuthi lukhula ngendlela efanele yini. Ngaphezu kwe-x-ray, amasu okucabanga athuthuke kakhulu njenge-CT scan noma i-MRI angasetshenziswa, ahlinzeka ngombono onemininingwane eminingi yamathambo namalunga.

Mayelana nezindlela zokuhlola, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukukhula kwamathambo ezinganeni kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngeminyaka kanye nobulili. Ngakho-ke, zisetshenziswa izinhlelo ezahlukene uhlelo lokuhlola ukukhula kwamathambo ezinganeni zamaqembu ahlukene obudala. Ezinye zezinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa indlela ye-Greulich ne-Pyle, indlela ye-Tanner-Whitehouse, kanye nendlela ye-Sandell ne-Hirsch.

10. Iqhaza lezakhi zofuzo ekulinganiseni iminyaka yezinto eziphilayo

I-Genetics idlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganiseni iminyaka yebhayoloji yomuntu ngamunye. Ngocwaningo lwezakhi zofuzo kanye nobuhlobo babo nokuguga, ososayensi bakwazile ukusungula ukuxhumana okuvumela ukunquma iminyaka elinganiselwe yomuntu.

Kunezindlela ezihlukene nezindlela ezisetshenziswayo ukulinganisa iminyaka yezinto eziphilayo kusetshenziswa izakhi zofuzo. Enye yazo ukuhlaziya i-DNA kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-epigenetic okwenzeka kukho konke ukuphila. Lezi zinguquko zingasebenza njengezimpawu zokuguga futhi zivumele isilinganiso esinembe kakhudlwana sobudala bebhayoloji.

Enye indlela esetshenziswayo iwukutadisha ama-telomere, okuyizakhiwo ezivikela iziphetho zama-chromosome. Njengoba sikhula, ama-telomere ayafinyela, ngakho ubude bawo bungase bube inkomba yeminyaka yezinto eziphilayo. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo, kungenzeka ukukala ubude be-telomere futhi ulinganise iminyaka yomuntu.

11. Izifundo zokukhula nokuvuthwa ukwazi iminyaka yomuntu

Izifundo zokukhula nokuvuthwa ziyithuluzi eliyisisekelo lokulinganisa iminyaka yomuntu. Lezi zifundo zisekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba nezebhayoloji ezishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengokukhula kwamathambo, ukuvuthwa ngokobulili nokuphakama. Manje bayethula izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe ukwenza lezi zifundo kanye nokuthola isilinganiso esithembekile sobudala bomuntu.

Okokuqala nje, kubalulekile ukuba nesampula emele abantu bobudala obuhlukahlukene. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela inembe kakhudlwana futhi ingenziwa jikelele. Uma isampula isitholiwe, ukuguquguquka okuhlukene kuyalinganiswa, njengeminyaka yamathambo, ubude kanye nezici zobulili zesibili. Le datha iqoqwa ngokuhlolwa komzimba, ama-x-reyi, nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Uma idatha isitholiwe, ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwenziwa ukuze kunqunywe ubudlelwano phakathi kokuguquguquka ngakunye nobudala. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sisungule amaphethini okukhula nawokukhula okuyisici seqembu lobudala ngalinye. Ngala maphethini, isilinganiso seminyaka yomuntu singenziwa ngokusekelwe ezicini zabo zomzimba nezebhayoloji. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi silinganiso siwukuhlawumbisela futhi singase sethule amaphethelo athile ephutha, ngakho-ke kunconywa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusihlanganisa nezinye izindlela zokulinganisa ubudala ukuze kutholwe ukuhlola okunembe kakhudlwana.

12. Izinguquko zobuso njengezinkomba zeminyaka kubantu abadala

Izinguquko zobuso ziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zeminyaka yobudala kubantu abadala futhi zinganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nenqubo yokuguga. Lezi zinguquko zenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, ezifana nokuncipha kwe-collagen ne-elastin esikhumbeni, ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha ebusweni, ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamafutha, nokubukeka kwemibimbi.

Enye yezinguquko eziphawulekayo ebusweni ukubonakala kwemibimbi. Imibimbi yakha ngenxa yokulahleka kwe-collagen ne-elastin, okungamaprotheni anesibopho sokwakheka nokunwebeka kwesikhumba. Njengoba sikhula, ukukhiqizwa kwala maprotheni kuncipha, okubangela imibimbi, imigqa emihle, nokugoqeka esikhumbeni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuguga kwesikhumba akufani futhi kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu..

Ngaphandle kwemibimbi, olunye ushintsho oluvamile lobuso ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha obuso. Njengoba sikhula, amafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba ayancipha, okungabangela ukubukeka okuncane, okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwemisele nokugoqa esikhumbeni, ikakhulukazi ezihlathini nasemihlathini. Ukuncipha kwamafutha obuso nakho kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwesikhumba.

Kafushane, izinguquko zobuso ziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zeminyaka kubantu abadala. Ukubukeka kwemibimbi, ukulahlekelwa amafutha ebusweni, nesikhumba esiwohlokayo ngezinye zezinguquko ezivame kakhulu ezihlobene nenqubo yokuguga. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinguquko azifani futhi zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu.. Ukugcina isimiso esihle sokunakekela isikhumba nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo efanele kungasiza ukubambezela ezinye zalezi zinguquko nokugcina ukubukeka kobusha.

13. Umthelela wezici zemvelo ekunqumeni ubudala

Iminyaka yomuntu inqunywa izici eziningana zemvelo ezingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwabo nokubukeka komzimba. Lezi zici zingabandakanya ikhwalithi yomoya esiwuphefumulayo, ukuchayeka elangeni, nezinye izakhi ezifana nokudla nendlela yokuphila. Kubalulekile ukucabangela zonke lezi zici lapho sinquma ubudala bomuntu, njengoba zingasisiza ukuba sithole isithombe esinembe kakhudlwana sokukhula kwakhe.

Izinga lomoya esiwuphefumulayo liyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ubudala, njengoba singathinta ngokuqondile impilo yesikhumba sethu nezinye izitho. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ekungcolisweni komoya kungasheshisa ukuguga futhi kube nomthelela ekubonakaleni kwemibimbi, amabala nezinye izimpawu zokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuchayeka elangeni nakho kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekubukekeni kwethu okungokomzimba. Imisebe ye-UV ingalimaza i-collagen ne-elastin esikhumbeni, okungaholela ekukhuleni kwemibimbi nokuwohloka.

Ukwengeza ezicini zemvelo eziqondile, kufanele futhi sicabangele ukubaluleka kokudla okunomsoco kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo ekunqumeni iminyaka yobudala. Ukudla ukudla okunothe ngama-antioxidants, njengezithelo nemifino, kungasiza ukuvikela isikhumba sethu emonakalweni obangelwa ama-radicals mahhala. Ngokufanayo, ukugwema uphuzo oludakayo nogwayi ngokweqile, kanye nokugcina isimiso sokuvivinya umzimba njalo, kungasiza ekulondolozeni ukubukeka okusha nokunempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

14. Izimiso zokuziphatha ekunqumeni iminyaka yomuntu

Ukunquma ubudala bomuntu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha okufanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela ethembekile nefanelekile. Ngezansi kukhona ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okubalulekile okufanele ukukhumbule lapho wenza lezi zinhlobo zokunquma:

• Ubumfihlo kanye nemvume enolwazi: Kubalulekile ukuthola imvume enolwazi kumuntu okunqunywa iminyaka yakhe. I ubumfihlo kanye nobumfihlo yedatha yomuntu siqu kufanele ivikelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukulingana nobulungiswa: Kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi noma yiziphi izivivinyo noma izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukunquma ubudala zifanelekile futhi azichemi. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukucwasa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu baphathwa ngokulinganayo.
• Ukunemba nokuthembeka: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela nezindlela ezithembekile nezinembile ukuze kutholwe iminyaka yomuntu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezingathembekile noma izindlela ezingaphansi kwamaphutha abalulekile kufanele kugwenywe.

Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela imithelela yesimilo yokusebenzisa idatha yobudala ezimweni ezithile, njengokuthatha izinqumo zezokwelapha, ezomthetho, noma zezemfundo. Kutuswa ukufuna iseluleko kochwepheshe bezimiso zokuziphatha futhi ulandele izimiso zokuziphatha eziqashelwa umhlaba wonke kanye namazinga ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amalungelo nesithunzi salabo abahililekile enqubweni yokunqunywa kweminyaka kuyahlangatshezwana nayo.

Ngamafuphi, ukwazi iminyaka yomuntu kungaba inqubo eyinselele kodwa edingekayo ezikhathini eziningi. Sihlole izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezihlukahlukene ukuze sithole ubudala bomuntu, kusukela ekubukeni ngokomzimba kuya ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obufana ne-radiography ne-DNA. Nakuba lawa masu anganikeza imiphumela enembile, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi awekho kuwo angenangqondo futhi kuhlala kunomkhawulo wephutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlonipha ilungelo lemfihlo kanye nemvume yomuntu othintekayo lapho uzama ukunquma iminyaka yakhe. Njengomphakathi, kufanele sikubone ukubaluleka kweminyaka ezimeni ezithile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo Kufanele siqaphele ukulinganiselwa nokuzwela kwalesi sihloko. Ekugcineni, iminyaka yobudala iyinombolo nje futhi akufanele ichaze ukubaluleka noma ikhono lomuntu.