Ulazi Kanjani Ikheli le-MAC le-PC yami

Ikheli le-MAC (Media Access Control) liyisihlonzi esiyingqayizivele esinikezwe ikhadi lenethiwekhi ledivayisi, elivumela ukuthi lixhumeke kunethiwekhi yendawo. Yazi ikheli le-MAC kusuka ku-pc yakho Kungaba usizo ezimeni lapho udinga ukwenza ukulungiselelwa okuthuthukile noma ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuxhuma. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi ulazi kanjani Ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho ngendlela elula nephumelelayo.

1. Liyini Ikheli le-MAC futhi kungani kubalulekile ukulazi ku-PC yami?

Ikheli le-MAC (Media Access Control) ilebula elehlukile elinikezwe idivayisi ngayinye yenethiwekhi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhompyutha, iselula noma irutha. Leli kheli liqukethe amapheya ayisithupha amadijithi e-hexadecimal futhi libalulekile ukuze amadivaysi axhumane. kunethiwekhi yendawo. Ikheli le-MAC libalulekile ukwazi kwi-PC yakho ngoba ikunikeza i-ID ehlukile, ewusizo ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene, njengokucushwa kwezokuphepha, ukulandelela idivayisi, nokuhlonza izinkinga zenethiwekhi.

Ukwazi Ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukusetha imikhawulo yokufinyelela kunethiwekhi noma uma ufuna ukumisa ukuhlunga ikheli le-MAC kumzila wakho. Ngokukhawulela ukufinyelela kumadivayisi athile ngokuvimba amakheli awo e-MAC, ungathuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho futhi uvimbele amadivayisi angagunyaziwe ukuthi axhume kuyo. Ukwengeza, uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokuxhuma kunethiwekhi yakho, ukwazi ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho kungakusiza ukukhomba. nokuxazulula izinkinga, njengoba ezinye izinkinga zokuxhuma zingase zihlobane nokungqubuzana kwekheli le-MAC noma ukulungiselelwa okungalungile.

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwazi Ikheli le-MAC ku-PC yakho. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa i-Command Prompt (CMD) ku-Windows. Vula iwindi lomyalo womyalo bese uthayipha umyalo "ipconfig / konke". Olwazini olubonisiwe, bheka umugqa othi "Ikheli lendawo" noma "Ikheli le-MAC." Enye indlela ukungena ku-Windows Control Panel, khetha "Inethiwekhi ne-inthanethi," bese uchofoza "Isikhungo Senethiwekhi Nokwabelana." Ukusuka lapho, chofoza isixhumanisi esibonisa igama lokuxhumana kwakho kwenethiwekhi bese ukhetha "Imininingwane." Kuwindi le-pop-up, bheka inani elibhalwe ukuthi “Ikheli Lendawo.” Khumbula ukuthi indlela ngqo yokuthola Ikheli le-MAC ingahluka kuye ngenguqulo ye-Windows oyisebenzisayo.

2. Izisekelo zekheli le-MAC kumadivayisi enethiwekhi

Ikheli le-MAC (Media Access Control) liyisihlonzi esiyingqayizivele idivayisi ngayinye yenethiwekhi enayo. Leli kheli lirekhodwa ekhadini lenethiwekhi futhi lisetshenziselwa ukuhlonza ikhompuyutha ngayinye ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi. Izisekelo zekheli le-MAC zibalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuthi amadivayisi enethiwekhi axhumana kanjani.

Ikheli le-MAC lenziwe ngamabhayithi angu-6 edatha, lapho ibhayithi ngayinye imelelwa khona nge-hexadecimal notation. Amabhayithi okuqala angu-3 ahambisana nomkhiqizi wedivayisi futhi amabhayithi angu-3 okugcina anikezwa umenzi kuyunithi ngayinye. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi alikho ikheli le-MAC eliphindaphindwayo kunethiwekhi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ikheli le-MAC lizimele kuphrothokholi yenethiwekhi esetshenzisiwe futhi livumela ukuxhumana kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenethiwekhi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-Ethernet, i-Wi-Fi noma i-Bluetooth.

Isici esibalulekile sekheli le-MAC ubudlelwano balo nethebula le-ARP (Address Resolution Protocol). Leli thebula lisetshenziselwa ukumepha amakheli e-MAC kuya kumakheli e-IP kunethiwekhi. Uma idivayisi ifuna ukuthumela idatha kwenye idivayisi kunethiwekhi, buza kuthebula le-ARP ukuze uthole ikheli le-MAC elihambisana nekheli le-IP lomamukeli. Ngale ndlela, ikheli le-MAC likuvumela ukuthi ubone idivayisi ethola idatha bese usungula ukuxhumana. kahle.

3. Ukuhlonza ikheli le-MAC kumasistimu wokusebenza ahlukene

Kulesi sigaba, uzofunda ukuthi ungalihlonza kanjani ikheli le-MAC ezinhlelweni ezahlukene ukusebenza. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa inqubo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuxazulula le nkinga kudivayisi yakho.

1. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Windows, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Yiya kumenyu yokuqala bese ukhetha "Izilungiselelo".
- Okulandelayo, chofoza "Inethiwekhi ne-inthanethi".
- Bese, khetha "i-Wi-Fi" kuphaneli engakwesokunxele bese ukhetha inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi.
- Skrolela phansi engxenyeni ethi “Izakhiwo Zenethiwekhi” bese ubheka ikheli le-MAC elibhalwe ukuthi “Ikheli Lendawo.”

2. Uma usebenzisa i-Mac OS X, landela le miyalo:
- Chofoza ilogo ye-Apple ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele kwesikrini bese ukhetha "Izintandokazi Zesistimu."
- Kokuncamelayo kwesistimu, khetha "Inethiwekhi".
- Iwindi lizovuleka ngohlu lwamanethiwekhi atholakalayo. Chofoza okuthi “Wi-Fi” kuphaneli yesokunxele bese uthi “Okuthuthukile.”
Okulandelayo, yiya kuthebhu ethi “Hardware” futhi uzothola ikheli le-MAC elibhalwe “Ikheli le-MAC”.

3. Okwabasebenzisi ku-Linux, izinyathelo zimi kanje:
- Vula i-terminal bese usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: ifconfig -a. Lokhu kuzobonisa uhlu lolwazi lwenethiwekhi.
- Thola inethiwekhi oyisebenzisayo, isibonelo "eth0" noma "wlan0".
- Eduze kwesigaba esithi "HWaddr", uzothola ikheli le-MAC kusuka kudivayisi yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ikheli le-MAC lihlukile kudivayisi ngayinye futhi likuvumela ukuthi ulikhombe kunethiwekhi. Ngalezi zinyathelo ezilula, uzokwazi ukubona ikheli le-MAC kumasistimu wokusebenza ahlukene ngaphandle kobunzima.

4. Ungalithola kanjani Ikheli le-MAC ku-Windows

Ukuthola Ikheli le-MAC ku-Windows, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokukwenza. Lapha ngizokwethula izindlela ezintathu ezahlukene ongazisebenzisa:

Indlela 1: Ngephaneli Yokulawula.

1. Chofoza inkinobho ethi Qala bese ukhetha Iphaneli Yokulawula.

2. Ku-Control Panel, thola bese uchofoza I-Network Connections.

3. Khetha uxhumano lwenethiwekhi olusebenzayo (i-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet) bese uchofoza kwesokudla.

4. Kumenyu yokudonsela phansi, khetha Izakhiwo.

5. Efasiteleni le-Network Connection Properties, hamba kuthebhu Yemininingwane.

6. Bheka inkambu ethi “Ikheli Lendawo” noma “Ikheli Le-MAC”. Ikheli le-MAC locingo lwakho liboniswa lapha.

Indlela yesi-2: Ngokusebenzisa umyalo womyalo (I-Command Prompt).

1. Vula umyalo womyalo. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokuthayipha "cmd" kubha yokusesha yeWindows bese ukhetha umphumela ovelayo.

2. Emyalweni womyalo, thayipha umyalo olandelayo bese ucindezela u-Enter: ipconfig / konke.

3. Uhlu lwemininingwane yenethiwekhi luzovela. Thola isigaba soxhumano olusebenzisayo (i-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet).

4. Esigabeni esihambisanayo, bheka inkambu ethi “Ikheli lendawo”. Ikheli le-MAC liboniswa lapha.

Indlela yesi-3: Ngezilungiselelo ze-adaptha yenethiwekhi.

1. Chofoza inkinobho ethi Ikhaya bese ukhetha Izilungiselelo (uphawu lwegiya).

2. Ewindini Lezilungiselelo, thola bese uchofoza Inethiwekhi ne-inthanethi.

3. Esigabeni esithi Inethiwekhi ne-Inthanethi, khetha inketho ye-Ethernet noma ye-Wi-Fi, kuye ngoxhumo olusebenzisayo.

4. Ewindini elisha, chofoza "Izakhiwo ze-Adapter".

5. Uhlu lwama-adaptha enethiwekhi luzovela. Chofoza kwesokudla uxhumano olusebenzisayo bese ukhetha Izakhiwo.

6. Ewindini le-Izici, hamba kuthebhu Yemininingwane.

7. Bheka indawo ethi “Ikheli lendawo” noma “Ikheli le-MAC”. Ikheli le-MAC liboniswa lapha.

5. Thola Ikheli le-MAC ku-macOS: Izinyathelo Ezilula

Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC ku-macOS, landela lezi zinyathelo ezilula:

1. Vula imenyu ye-Apple ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele sesikrini sakho bese ukhetha "Izintandokazi Zesistimu."
2. Efasiteleni Lezintandokazi Zesistimu, chofoza "Inethiwekhi."
3. Uhlu lwamanethiwekhi atholakalayo luzovuleka ku-Mac yakho Khetha inethiwekhi oxhumeke kuyo njengamanje bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Advanced" ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla.

Ukuchofoza "Okuthuthukile" kuzovula iwindi elisha lamathebhu. Chofoza ithebhu ethi “Hardware” futhi uzothola ikheli le-MAC (elaziwa nangokuthi ikheli lendawo) Ikheli le-MAC lizotholakala eduze “kwekheli le-Ethernet” noma “Ikheli le-Wi-Fi,” kuye ngokuthi uxhumeke kanjani kuyona.

Uma usulitholile ikheli le-MAC ku-Mac yakho, ungasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene, njengokusetha ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi noma ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuxhuma. Qiniseka ukuthi ubhala phansi noma ukopisha ikheli le-MAC uma kwenzeka udinga ukulisebenzisa ngokuzayo. Khumbula ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye inekheli elihlukile le-MAC, okulenza libe yisihlonzi esihlukile se-Mac yakho kunethiwekhi.

Futhi yilokho! Manje uyazi ukuthi ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-MAC ku-macOS ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula. Lezi zinyathelo ziyasebenza ezinguqulweni zakamuva ze-macOS, ngakho-ke akufanele ube nenkinga yokuthola ikheli le-MAC ku-Mac yakho.

6. Izindlela zokuthola Ikheli le-MAC ku-Linux

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthola ikheli le-MAC ku-a uhlelo lokusebenza I-Linux. Nazi ezinye izinketho:

1. Ukusebenzisa umyalo we-ifconfig: Lo myalo ubonisa ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi kokusebenzelana kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo ohlelweni. Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC, sivele sivule i-terminal bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

ifconfig -a

Kokukhiphayo okubonisiwe, sibheka ipharamitha ethi “HWaddr” emele ikheli le-MAC.

2. Ukusebenzisa umyalo we-ip: Umyalo we-ip futhi usivumela ukuthi sithole ulwazi mayelana nokucushwa kwenethiwekhi yesistimu. Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC, sivula i-terminal bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

show ip

Kokukhiphayo okubonisiwe, sibheka ipharamitha "yesixhumanisi/ether" emele ikheli le-MAC.

3. Bheka ifayela /sys: I-Linux igcina imininingwane yokucushwa kwenethiwekhi kusistimu yefayela ebonakalayo /sys. Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC, sivula i-terminal bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

ikati /sys/class/net/eth0/address

lapho i-"eth0" iyisixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi lapho sifuna ukuthola khona ikheli le-MAC.

7. Ukusebenzisa imiyalo yenethiwekhi ukuthola Ikheli le-MAC ku-PC yami

Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho usebenzisa imiyalo yenethiwekhi, kunezinketho ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo. Okulandelayo, ngizokukhombisa imiyalo ewusizo ongayisebenzisa kumasistimu wokusebenza ahlukene.

Kuzinhlelo zeWindows, ungavula umugqa womyalo ngokucindezela I-Windows + R bese uyathayipha cmd ku-Run ibhokisi lengxoxo. Lapho iwindi le-Command Prompt livuleka, thayipha umyalo ipconfig /all bese ucindezela u-Enter. Lesi senzo sizobonisa uhlu lwemininingwane yenethiwekhi, okuhlanganisa nekheli le-MAC lePC yakho.

Ezinhlelweni ze-macOS noma ze-Linux, ungavula itheminali ngokuzulazula uye kumenyu ethi “Izinhlelo Zokusebenza” bese ukhetha “Itheminali.” Lapho itheminali ivuleka, thayipha umyalo ifconfig o ip link bese ucindezela u-Enter. Lokhu kuzoveza imininingwane yenethiwekhi ye-PC yakho, okuhlanganisa nekheli le-MAC.

8. Thola Ikheli le-MAC kumakhalekhukhwini kanye namathebulethi

Ukuze wenze njalo, kufanele uqale ufinyelele izilungiselelo zedivayisi. Ngokuvamile, ungayithola kuzilungiselelo noma kumenyu yokumisa isistimu Esebenzayo. Uma ukuzilungiselelo, landela lezi zinyathelo:

• Ku-Android: Skrolela phansi bese ukhetha okuthi “Mayelana Nefoni” noma “Mayelana Nethebhulethi,” bese uthola inketho ethi “Isimo” noma “Inethiwekhi” bese ukhetha “Ikheli le-MAC.” Lapha uzothola ikheli le-MAC ledivayisi yakho.
• Ku-iOS (i-iPhone noma i-iPad): Iya kokuthi “Izilungiselelo,” khetha “Okuvamile,” bese uthi “Mayelana,” bese uskrolela phansi uze uthole “i-Wi-Fi.” Ikheli le-MAC nalo lizovela kulesi sigaba.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ikheli le-MAC liyisihlonzi esihlukile esinikezwe idivayisi ngayinye yenethiwekhi. Kungaba usizo ezimweni ezihlukene, njengokumisa izihlungi zokufinyelela kunethiwekhi noma izinkinga zokuxhumanisa zokuxazulula inkinga. Uma udinga ukunikeza ikheli le-MAC kumnikezeli wesevisi ye-inthanethi noma wenze omunye umsebenzi wobuchwepheshe, landela izinyathelo ezingenhla ukuze ulithole.

Ngamafuphi, kuyinqubo elula edinga ukufinyelela kuzilungiselelo zedivayisi nokubheka inketho ehambisanayo. Uma ulandela izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla, uzokwazi ukuthola ikheli le-MAC ledivayisi yakho ngaphandle kokuhlupheka.

9. Ngingalithola kanjani ikheli le-MAC kumzila wami?

Ukuthola ikheli le-MAC lerutha yakho, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ongazilandela. Okulandelayo, ngizokukhombisa izindlela ezintathu ezihlukene zokukwenza:

1. Ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha umzila:

• Vula isiphequluli sewebhu bese uthayipha ikheli le-IP lerutha kubha yekheli. Ngokuvamile leli kheli 192.168.1.1 o 192.168.0.1.
• Faka igama lomsebenzisi lokuphatha le-router nephasiwedi. Uma ungakaze uziguqule, ungase uthole izifakazelo ezizenzakalelayo kumadokhumenti omzila wakho.
• Uma usungaphakathi kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha, bheka isigaba esibizwa ngokuthi “Izilungiselelo Ezithuthukile”, “Isimo” noma “Ulwazi Lwesistimu”. Ikheli le-MAC ngokuvamile lingatholakala kwesinye salezi zigaba.

2. Ukusebenzisa umugqa womyalo:

• Vula umugqa womyalo kukhompyutha yakho.
• Bhala umyalo ipconfig / konke uma usebenzisa iWindows noma ifconfig -a uma usebenzisa i-macOS noma i-Linux.
• Thola ikheli le-MAC le-adaptha yenethiwekhi exhunywe kumzila. Ngokuvamile, izolebula ngokuthi “Isango Elizenzakalelayo” noma “Isango Elizenzakalelayo.”

3. Ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuskena inethiwekhi:

• Landa futhi ufake uhlelo lokuskena inethiwekhi, njengokuthi "I-Advanced IP Scanner" noma "I-Angry IP Scanner."
• Qalisa uhlelo bese ukhetha inketho yokuskena inethiwekhi yendawo.
• Uma ukuskena sekuqediwe, uzokwazi ukubona uhlu lwamadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi yakho, ngalinye lihambisana nekheli lalo le-MAC.

10. Izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nekheli le-MAC: lishintshwa nini futhi kanjani?

Ikheli le-MAC (I-Media Access Control) liwuphawu oluhlukile olunikezwa idivayisi ngayinye yenethiwekhi. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuthi uyishintshe ukuze uxazulule izinkinga zokuxhuma noma zokuphepha. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungalishintsha nini futhi kanjani Ikheli le-MAC kudivayisi yakho.

Ngaphambi kokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke amadivayisi akuvumela ukuthi ushintshe Ikheli le-MAC. Nokho, uma idivayisi yakho ikuvumela, lapha sichaza indlela yokwenza. Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi unamalungelo omlawuli kudivayisi yakho. Okulandelayo, iya kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi yedivayisi yakho bese ubheka inketho yokuguqula ikheli le-MAC. Le nketho ngokuvamile itholakala esigabeni sezilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe noma izinketho zenethiwekhi engenantambo.

Uma usuyitholile inketho yokushintsha Ikheli le-MAC, ungakwenza ngokwakho ngokufaka ikheli le-MAC langokwezifiso noma ukhiqize elingahleliwe. Uma unquma ukufaka ikheli le-MAC langokwezifiso, khumbula ukuthi kufanele kube ikheli elihlukile, elingabelwe kunoma iyiphi enye idivayisi yenethiwekhi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukhetha ukukhiqiza ikheli le-MAC elingahleliwe, idivayisi izokhiqiza eyodwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma usulwenzile ushintsho, londoloza izilungiselelo bese uqala kabusha idivayisi yakho ukuze usebenzise izinguquko. Khumbula ukuthi ungase udinge ukusetha kabusha uxhumano lwenethiwekhi ngemva kokushintsha Ikheli le-MAC.

11. Ukubaluleka kwekheli le-MAC ekuvikelekeni kwenethiwekhi

Ikheli le-MAC (Media Access Control) ukuhlonza izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezihlukile ezinikezwe ikhadi lenethiwekhi. Leli kheli libaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelekeni kwenethiwekhi, njengoba lisiza ukulawula nokuvikela ukufinyelela kwedivayisi kunethiwekhi. Ngezansi kunezici ezintathu ezibalulekile zokubaluleka kwekheli le-MAC ekuvikelekeni kwenethiwekhi.

1. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwedivayisi: Ikheli le-MAC lisetshenziswa njengendlela yokuqinisekisa yokuvumela noma ukunqabela idivayisi ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi. Lapho umisa irutha yakho yenethiwekhi noma ukushintsha, ungasetha uhlu lokulawula ukufinyelela (ACLs) oluqukethe amakheli avunyelwe e-MAC. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amadivayisi agunyaziwe kuphela angaxhumeka kunethiwekhi, okusiza ukuvimbela ukungena okungafuneki.

2. Ukutholwa kwemishini engagunyaziwe: Ngekheli le-MAC, kuyenzeka ukuthola ubukhona bemishini engagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha inethiwekhi, ukuskena kungenziwa kumakheli angaziwa we-MAC. Uma amakheli e-MAC angagunyaziwe etholakala, izinyathelo zingathathwa ukuze kuvinjwe noma kukhishwe amadivayisi anjalo kunethiwekhi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjwe izinsongo ezingaba khona noma abahlaseli.

3. Ukuhlunga okuqukethwe: Ngokusebenzisa ikheli le-MAC, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izihlungi zokuqukethwe ezingeni lenethiwekhi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithetho ingasethwa ukuze ivimbe noma ivumele izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi ngokusekelwe kumthombo noma amakheli e-MAC okuyiwa kuwo. Isibonelo, ungavimba ukufinyelela kumawebhusayithi athile kumadivayisi athile akunethiwekhi, noma uvumele kuphela izivumelwano ezithile zenethiwekhi kumadivayisi athile. Lokhu kunomthelela ekuvikelekeni okungcono nasekulawuleni inethiwekhi.

12. Ukuxazulula inkinga: Ukuthola Ukungqubuzana Kwekheli Le-MAC

Enye yezinkinga ezijwayelekile esingazithola kunethiwekhi yethu ukutholwa kokungqubuzana nekheli le-MAC. Lolu hlobo lokungqubuzana lwenzeka lapho amadivayisi amabili anekheli elifanayo le-MAC, okubangela ukuthi ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi iphazamiseke.

Ukuze ulungise le nkinga, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zinyathelo:

• Isinyathelo se-1: Khomba amathuluzi adala ukungqubuzana. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha inethiwekhi njenge-Wireshark noma i-Nmap, azokuvumela ukuthi ubone ikheli le-MAC lamadivayisi axhunyiwe.
• Isinyathelo se-2: Uma amadivayisi anekheli elifanayo le-MAC ehlonziwe, kufanele uguqule ngokwakho ikheli le-MAC lenye yawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungaya kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi yedivayisi bese ubheka inketho yokushintsha ikheli le-MAC. Khumbula ukusebenzisa ikheli le-MAC elihlukile kunaleli elibanga ukungqubuzana.
• Isinyathelo se-3: Ngemva kokushintsha ikheli le-MAC, qalisa kabusha idivayisi futhi uhlole ukuthi ukungqubuzana kuxazululiwe yini. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, zama ukuqalisa kabusha umzila noma ushintshele lapho amadivayisi athintekile axhumeke kuwo.

Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ungakwazi ukuxazulula izingxabano zamakheli e-MAC kunethiwekhi yakho futhi uqinisekise ukugeleza kwethrafikhi okungaphazamiseki. Khumbula ukuthi kubalulekile ukugcina ukuphathwa kahle kwamakheli e-MAC ukugwema izinkinga esikhathini esizayo.

13. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwekheli le-MAC nokuhlunga ikheli kumanethiwekhi

Ukuhlunga ikheli lenethiwekhi kuyindlela esetshenziswa ukulawula ukuthi imaphi amadivayisi angafinyelela kunethiwekhi ethile. Lokhu kufezwa ngokuqhathanisa ikheli le-MAC ledivayisi nohlu lwamakheli avunyelwe. Ikheli le-MAC (Media Access Control) liyisihlonzi esiyingqayizivele esinikezwe i-adaptha yenethiwekhi ngayinye.

Ukuze uvumele ukuhlunga ikheli kunethiwekhi, kufanele siqale sifinyelele umzila noma izilungiselelo zedivayisi. punto de acceso okungenantambo. Uma sesiku-interface yokucushwa, sizothola inketho yokunika amandla ukuhlunga ikheli le-MAC. Ngokukhetha le nketho, sizonikezwa ngohlu lokwengeza amakheli avunyelwe e-MAC.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhlunga ikheli le-MAC kungaba indlela ephumelelayo yokulawula ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi, kodwa akubona ubuwula. Amakheli e-MAC angenziwa kabi ngoba ithrafikhi ingavinjwa futhi amadivayisi enethiwekhi angaphazanyiswa. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuhlanganisa ukuhlunga ikheli le-MAC nezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha, njengokubethela kwenethiwekhi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamagama ayimfihlo aqinile.

14. Izincomo zokuvikela nokuvikela ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho

Ukuvikela nokuvikela ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho futhi uvimbele namanye amadivaysi abantu abangagunyaziwe baxhume kuyo. Lapha sikunikeza izincomo zokuvikela nokuvikela ikheli lakho le-MAC:

1. Shintsha ikheli le-MAC elizenzakalelayo: Amadivayisi amaningi anekheli le-MAC elisethwe ngaphambilini ngumenzi. Ukushintsha leli kheli libe elingahleliwe kungenza kube nzima kubahlaseli ukuhlonza idivayisi yakho. Ungenza lokhu kuguqulwa kuzilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe zekhadi lenethiwekhi lePC yakho.

2. Hlunga amakheli e-MAC: Amarutha amaningi anikeza inketho yokuhlunga amakheli e-MAC wamadivayisi angaxhumeka kunethiwekhi. Ukusetha lesi sici kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugunyaze kuphela amadivayisi amakheli awo e-MAC avunyelwe, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele amadivayisi angafunwa.

3. Sebenzisa inethiwekhi ebethelwe: Ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi enombhalo oyimfihlo onjenge-WPA2 noma i-WPA3 kubalulekile ukuze uvikele futhi uvikele ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho. Lawa maphrothokholi okuvikela abethela idatha edlulisiwe, ayivimbele ukuthi ingabanjwa abantu besithathu futhi ivikele ubumfihlo bekheli lakho le-MAC.

Ngamafuphi, ukwazi ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekusetheni nokuxazulula amanethiwekhi. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sihlole izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthola ikheli le-MAC kumasistimu wokusebenza namadivayisi ahlukene.

Kusukela ekusebenziseni imiyalo yomugqa womyalo kuya ekusesheni izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi yakho, sichaze izinyathelo zokuthola lolu lwazi olubalulekile. Ukwengeza, siphinde saxoxa ngokubaluleka kokuqonda ukwakheka kwekheli le-MAC nokuthi lisetshenziswa kanjani ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi.

Ikheli le-MAC liwucezu olubalulekile ekulungiseleleni i-PC yakho nasekuxazululeni izinkinga zenethiwekhi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amadivayisi okuhlunga avunyelwe kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya noma ukuxazulula izingxabano zamakheli ezingaba khona ezindaweni zebhizinisi, ukwazi ukuthi ungaluthola kanjani lolu lwazi kubalulekile.

Khumbula ukukhumbula ukuthi ikheli le-MAC lihlukile kudivayisi ngayinye futhi alikwazi ukushintshwa. Sebenzisa lolu lwazi ngokuzibophezela futhi uhlale uthobela imithetho nezinqubomgomo mayelana nobumfihlo nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi.

Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sibe usizo futhi sikunikeze amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze uthole ikheli le-MAC le-PC yakho. Uma uneminye imibuzo ehlobene nokusethwa kwenethiwekhi, zizwe ukhululekile ukuhlola ezinye izinsiza zethu zobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu. Sikufisela inhlanhla ezamehlela zakho zenethiwekhi zesikhathi esizayo!