Indlela yokwenza ikhava

Kwenziwa kanjani Ikhava

Isingeniso
Kuzo zombili izinkambu zezemfundo nezamabhizinisi, ikhava iyisiqephu esibalulekile esihambisana nawo wonke amadokhumenti, umbiko noma umsebenzi. Ngaphandle kokusebenza njengesethulo esibukwayo, ikhava inomsebenzi wokumela okuqukethwe yidokhumenti, inikeze ulwazi olufanele kanye nokusungula isithombe sobungcweti. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngobuchwepheshe izinyathelo nokucatshangelwa okudingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe ikhava eyanele.

Chaza inhloso nezethameli eziqondiwe
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuklama isembozo, kubalulekile ukucacisa inhloso yayo futhi uchaze izethameli eziqondiswe kubo. Ukudizayina ikhava yombiko wezemfundo akufani nokuklama ikhava yencwajana yokuphromotha. wenkampani. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi inhloso iwukwazisa, ukuncenga, ukwethula noma ukukhuthaza, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sivumelanise umklamo nezinto ezibonakalayo ngokufanele.

Umklamo: izakhi ezibalulekile
Idizayini yekhava ephumelelayo ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa izakhi ezifanele ukuze kuzuzwe ukulingana phakathi kobuhle nokusebenza. Nakuba ikhava ngayinye ingase yehluke ngokomklamo wesithombe, kubalulekile ukucabangela izingxenye ezithile ezibalulekile: isihloko sombhalo, igama lombhali noma lesikhungo, uphawu (uma lukhona), usuku lokushicilelwa kanye nanoma iyiphi enye incwadi. idatha efanele. Lezi zakhi kufanele zibekwe ngokucophelela, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zifundeka futhi zibukeka kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemibala namafonti
Ukukhethwa kwemibala namafonti kubalulekile lapho uklama ikhava. Lezi zakhi kufanele zikhethwe ngokucophelela ukuze kudluliselwe umyalezo ofanele futhi kusungulwe isithombe esifunekayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imibala namafonti kufanele ahambisane futhi abonise itimu noma isitayela sokuqukethwe kwedokhumenti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhambisana okubonakalayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwemibala namafonti kuyo yonke ikhava.

Ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe namathuluzi
Njengoba uqhubeka nenqubo yokuklama ikhava, kubalulekile ukugcina ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe engqondweni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhetha ithuluzi lokuklama elilungile, ukunaka ukulungiswa, usayizi wefayela nefomethi, kanye nokucabangela imininingwane edingekayo yokuphrinta (uma ikhona). Ukusebenzisa i-graphic design kanye nesofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe kungasiza inqubo futhi kuqinisekise ikhava ikhwalithi ephezulu.

Sengiphetha, dala ikhava efanelekile kuyinqubo ubuchwepheshe obudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezici ezimbalwa. Ukuchaza inhloso nezethameli eziqondiwe, ukukhetha izakhi ezibalulekile, ukukhetha imibala namafonti afanelekile, nokunaka ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe yizinyathelo ezibalulekile ekudaleni ikhava ephumelelayo. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuklama ikhava ekhangayo nesezingeni eliphezulu kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekwethulweni kwanoma yimuphi umbhalo noma umsebenzi.

1. Izakhi ezibalulekile zekhava

Lapho udala isembozo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezibalulekile ezakhayo. Lezi zakhi zinesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngobunikazi obubonakalayo kuphrojekthi yethu kanye nokudlulisa ulwazi oludingekayo ngendlela ecacile nefushane. Isihloko noma igama lephrojekthi Kufanele ibe sendaweni evelele futhi igqame ngosayizi odonsa amehlo nefonti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa igama lombhali noma umuntu onesibopho wephrojekthi ukuhlonza ngokucacile kumuntu noma inhlangano enesibopho sokuqukethwe.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sekhava yi- umfanekiso noma ummeleli. Lesi sithombe kufanele sihlaba umxhwele futhi sihlobane ngokuqondile nokuqukethwe kwephrojekthi. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ezinemibala egqamile ukuze uthwebule ukunaka kombukeli. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukufaka isifinyezo esifushane noma incazelo yephrojekthi lokho kuvumela umfundi ukuthi azi ngokushesha ukuthi iphrojekthi imayelana nani nokuthi ziyini izinhloso zayo.

Okokugcina, ikhava kufanele ifake Ulwazi Olwengeziwe njenge igama lesikhungo noma inkampani lapho iphrojekthi ingeyakho, i usuku lokwethula kanye nanoma yiluphi olunye ulwazi olubalulekile oludinga ukugqanyiswa. Kubalulekile ukuthi lolu lwazi olwengeziwe lubekwe ngokucacile futhi luhlelekile, mhlawumbe ngezansi kwekhava. Khumbula ukuthi ikhava eklanywe kahle enazo zonke izici ezibalulekile izodlulisa isithombe sochwepheshe futhi yandise namathuba okuthatha intshisekelo yabafundi.

2. Usayizi ofanelekile kanye nefomethi yekhava

El Lena imininingwane ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho udala ikhava. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhava bheka professional futhi ezikhangayo, kumelwe sicabangele izici ezithile ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha usayizi ofanele wekhava. Kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele ukuze ibonakale ngokucacile, kodwa ingabi nkulu kangangokuthi ayikhululekile ukuyiphatha. Usayizi ojwayelekile futhi osetshenziswa kakhulu 12 x 12 amayintshi, kodwa lokhu kungase kuhluke kuye ngohlobo lwephrojekthi noma umkhiqizo esiwenzayo.

Ngaphezu kobukhulu, i- ifomethi efanelekile yekhava Kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Ukuze senze lokhu, kumelwe sicabangele ukuthi sizophrinta isembozo ephepheni noma sizosetshenziswa ngokwedijithali. Uma iphrintiwe, kuyancomeka ukusebenzisa ifomethi yesithombe esinokucaca okuphezulu, njenge I-JPG noma i-PNG. Lawa mafomethi aqinisekisa ukumelwa okucacile kwemibala nemininingwane kukhava ephrintiwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ikhava izosetshenziswa ngokwedijithali, njengasendabeni yama-albhamu omculo ezisekelweni zokusakaza, kulula ukusebenzisa ifomethi. I-JPEG noma i-GIF. Le fomethi yokugcina iwusizo ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukwengeza izithombe ezinyakazayo noma imiphumela ebonakalayo kukhava.

Okokugcina, kufanele sicabangele isikhala esitholakalayo sokufaka okuqukethwe esembozweni. Lokhu kusho ukunaka igama lephrojekthi, igama lomdwebi noma umbhali, ilogo nanoma iyiphi enye into ebonakalayo noma efundisayo esifuna ukuyengeza. Kubalulekile ukuthi okuqukethwe kusatshalaliswe ngendlela elinganiselayo, kugwenywe ukugcwala kwekhava ngolwazi oluningi noma izici eziyingcaca. Indlela encane nehlanzekile ingaba ukhiye wokuzuza ikhava ekhangayo nephumelelayo edonsa ukunaka kwezithameli eziqondiwe. Ngaso sonke isikhathi khumbula ukucabangela ukucaciswa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezincomo zeplathifomu noma isisetshenziswa lapho ikhava izosetshenziswa khona, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ezidingekayo. Ngalezi zeluleko engqondweni, uzobe uzilungiselele ukwakha ikhava eyimpumelelo nekhwalithi.

3. Idizayini yesithombe ephumelelayo yekhava

Indlela yokwenza ikhava

La i-graphic design ephumelelayo Kubalulekile lapho udala i-a ikhava lokho kudonsa ukunaka komphakathi. Uma ucabanga ngomklamo we-a ikhava, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezibalulekile ezifana nokubunjwa, imibala nemifanekiso. A ikhava Iklanywe kahle, kufanele ikhange ngokubukeka futhi idlulisele ngokucacile umyalezo noma okuqukethwe ekumelelayo. Ukufeza lokhu, amasu namathuluzi ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuklama.

Okokuqala, i- ukwakheka Kuyingxenye ebalulekile ekwakheni ikhava ephumelelayo. Ukuhlelwa kwezinto ezisesembozweni kufanele kube nokulinganisela futhi kubonakale kukhangayo. Ungakha intshisekelo futhi udonse ukunaka kombukeli usebenzisa amasu anjengokuthi umthetho wokuthathu noma ukusetshenziswa kwe imigqa eqondisayo ukuhlela izakhi zekhava. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela i-hierarchy ebonakalayo, ukubeka izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezivelele ukuze zibonakale kalula.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe imibala Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi lapho uklama a ikhava. Imibala inomthelela oqondile embonweni nasemuzweni wezibukeli. Kudingekile khetha iphalethi yombala okuhambisana nendikimba noma okuqukethwe kwe ikhava. Ukwengeza, ukugqama kungasetshenziswa ukugqamisa izakhi ezithile noma ukudala umthelela omangalisayo. Nokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukufundeka kombhalo futhi ugweme ukuhlanganisa imibala eyenza ukufunda kube nzima.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwemibala namafonti esembozweni

Ekwakheni ikhava, i ukusetshenziswa kwemibala namafonti Idlala indima ebalulekile ekudonseni ukunaka kombukeli nasekudluliseleni umyalezo ofunekayo. Imibala ingavusa imizwa ehlukene futhi ikhiqize imiphumela ehlukile yokubuka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyikhetha ngokucophelela. Kutuswa ukusebenzisa imibala ehlobene nendikimba noma okuqukethwe kwekhava, ukuze idlulisele umqondo oyinhloko ngokucacile nangempumelelo.

Ukuthayipha Kuphinde kube yisici esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwekhava. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ifonti efundekayo futhi emele isitayela noma ubuntu bephrojekthi. Izitayela zokuthayipha ezihlukile zingasetshenziswa ukugqamisa izici ezihlukene, njengesihloko, amagama ababambiqhaza, noma ulwazi olubalulekile. Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlamvu ukuze uzuze umklamo okhangayo nolinganiselayo.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwemibala namafonti, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukusatshalaliswa kokuqukethwe esembozweni. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa indawo kanye nezakhi ezibonakalayo ukuze isembozo sibukeke sivumelana futhi singalayishwa ngokweqile. Igridi noma umhlahlandlela wesakhiwo ungasetshenziswa ukuhlela izinto ngobunono. Imigqa noma izimo zingasetshenziswa futhi ukwakha isigaba esibonakalayo futhi kugqanyiswe ulwazi olufanele kakhulu. Kutuswa ukwenza izivivinyo eziningi kanye nokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuphothula ukwakheka kwekhava.

5. Ukufakwa kolwazi olufanele kukhava

1. Ulwazi olubalulekile kukhava
Ikhasi lekhava ledokhumenti yikhasi ekuqaleni elinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuqukethwe kwalo. Kubalulekile ukufaka imininingwane efaneleke kakhulu ukuze abafundi babe nombono ocacile walokho abazokuthola embhalweni ngaphandle kokuthi bawufunde wonke.
Yingakho kufanele ucabangele ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi okufanele ulufake kukhava kanye nendlela yokwenza. ngempumelelo. Ngezansi kunezinye izici okumelwe sizicabangele lapho sihlanganisa ukwaziswa okusesembozweni.

2. Isihloko sombhalo: Isihloko sombhalo kufanele sicace futhi sibe mfushane, sifinyeze okuqukethwe okuyinhloko. Lokhu kufanele kubekwe phezulu kwekhava futhi kufanele kube usayizi wefonti omkhulu kunolo lonke ulwazi. Kuyancomeka ukusebenzisa ifomethi edonsa amehlo ukuze kugqanyiswe isihloko futhi udonse ukunaka komfundi.

3. Umbhali noma ababhali: Kubalulekile ukwengeza igama lombhali noma ababhali bombhalo. Lokhu kusiza ukukhomba ukuthi ubani onesibopho sokuqukethwe futhi kunikeza ukwethembeka kudokhumenti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyatuseka ukwengeza isikhundla noma ukuhlanganyela kwababhali, ikakhulukazi endabeni yemibhalo yezemfundo noma yesayensi.
Esinye isici esifanele okufanele sicatshangelwe usuku lokushicilelwa noma ukubuyekezwa kokugcina kwedokhumenti. Lokhu kuvumela umfundi ukuthi azi ukuthi ulwazi oluqukethwe kusengezamanje noma lusanda kulungiswa yini.
Ngamafuphi, kubalulekile ukunikeza umbono ocacile wokuqala wokuqukethwe kwedokhumenti. Isihloko, umbhali kanye nosuku yizici okungafanele ziphuthelwe futhi ezisiza ekubambeni ukunaka komfundi futhi zimnike ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze anqume ukuthi idokhumenti iyathakaselwa yini.

6. Ukuhleleka nokuhlelwa ngendlela efanele kwezakhi ezisesembozweni

Lapho udala i ikhava, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhleleka nokuhleleka okufanele wezinto zokuzuza isethulo esikhangayo nesiphrofeshinali. Ikhava eklanywe kahle izodonsa ukunaka kwezithameli futhi idlulise ngokucacile nangokufingqiwe okuqukethwe yiphrojekthi.

Ukufinyelela a inhlangano efanele, kuyadingeka ukuthi ube ne ubukhosi obuphathekayo egqamisa izici ezifanele kakhulu. Kutuswa ukuthi uqale ngesihloko ngosayizi wefonti ogqamile futhi ogqamile ukuze ubambe ukunaka kombukeli. Imibhalo engezansi noma ulwazi olwengeziwe lungabe se lwengezwa ngamasayizi amafonti amancane, kodwa asafundeka.

La isakhiwo esifanele wezakhi kuhilela ukucabangela isikhala esingenalutho. Ukushiya umkhawulo phakathi naphakathi kwezakhi kuzosiza ikhava ibukeke icocekile futhi ingaminyene kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukugcwala kolwazi nokusebenzisa a ibhalansi ebonakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izici ziyaphelelisana futhi aziqhudelani ngokunaka kombukeli.

7. Ukuphrinta kwekhwalithi nokuqedela ikhava

Ukuphrinta kwekhwalithi nokuqedela kuyizici ezibalulekile zokudala ikhava ehlaba umxhwele neyochwepheshe. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iphrinta yokucaca okuphezulu ukuze uqinisekise isithombe esibukhali nesigqamile. Kubuye kunconywe ukusebenzisa iphepha lesithombe sekhwalithi ukuze kuzuzwe imibala ecacile nemininingwane eqondile. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhava iqondaniswe kahle futhi igxile ekhasini ukuze uthole umphumela ophucuziwe.

Inqubo Ukuphrinta: Ukuthola ikhava yekhwalithi, kubalulekile ukulandela inqubo ngokucophelela. Okokuqala, umklamo okhangayo ofanele inhloso yekhava kumele kukhethwe. Usayizi nokuma kwesakhiwo kufanele-ke kulungiswe ukuze kulingane nefomethi oyifunayo. Ubuciko bekhava bese buphrintwa kusetshenziswa izilungiselelo zokuphrinta ezifanele. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza ngokucophelela umphumela ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuqeda.

Amasu okuqeda: Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuqeda ezingasetshenziswa ukunikeza ubuso bewashi lakho ukuthintwa kochwepheshe. Inketho ethandwayo iwukuba laminate ubuso ukuze buvikeleke emiklwelweni nasekugqokeni. Futhi ingasetshenziswa I-varnish ye-UV yokuthuthukisa imibala futhi inikeze isiphetho esicwebezelayo. Enye indlela engasetshenziswa i-embossing ukugqamisa izici ezithile zekhava. Ukwengeza, ungacabangela ukwengeza imininingwane eyengeziwe, njengokusikeka okukhethekile noma ukugoqa, ukuze unikeze ikhava ukubukeka okuyingqayizivele nokudonsa amehlo.

Ngaphezu kokunyathelisa nokuqeda, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lokuklama nokuhambisana nokuqukethwe okuzomelwa yikhava. Ikhava eklanywe kahle futhi ephrintiwe ngokucophelela futhi eqediwe ngokungangabazeki izokwenza umehluko omkhulu ekwethulweni kwanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi.