Liyini igama lembuzi yeduna?

Ingubani igama Lembuzi Eyeduna: Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuqanjwa kwembuzi

Imbuzi, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Capra aegagrus hircus, iwuhlobo lwesilwane esincelisayo esincelisayo ebesihamba nabantu kusukela kudala. Lezi zilwane zinezici ezingavamile futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwazo bekulokhu kufundwe isikhathi eside. Ngalo mqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi amagama afanele ukubhekisela ebulilini obuhlukene balesi silwane. Kulesi sihloko, sizophendula umbuzo ovame kakhulu: Liyini igama lembuzi yeduna?, futhi sizohlola izici ezithakazelisayo zegama layo.

Ukuhlukaniswa kobulili obuhlukene ku umbuso wezilwane Kubalulekile ukuqonda imvelo nokuziphatha kwayo. Ikakhulukazi, ukucacisa i-nomenclature yabesilisa bohlobo oluthile kungasiza ukuveza imininingwane mayelana nokuzala kwabo kanye nesigaba senhlalo. Ukuphendula umbuzo othi ingubani igama lempongo, kumelwe siqale sikhumbule ukuthi nakuba ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi “imbuzi”, kunamagama athile ahlukanisa abesilisa abathenwe nalawo asemsebenzini wokuzala.

Imbuzi eyindoda egcina amandla ayo okuzala ibizwa ngokuthi "imbuzi" noma "iduna elizalayo." Nakuba la magama avamile emazweni amaningana akhuluma iSpanishi, kuyadingeka ukugqamisa ukuthi ezinye izindawo zingasebenzisa amanye amagama. Mayelana nabesilisa abathenwa, amagama abo ayahlukahluka kuye ngendawo yendawo. E-Spain, zaziwa ngokuthi "choto" noma "chivo", kuyilapho eLatin America zingabizwa ngokuthi "imbuzi" noma "cacho".

Kafushane, igama lembuzi leduna lingahluka kuye ngomsebenzi wokuzala noma ukuthenwa kwesilwane. Nakuba emazweni amaningi igama elithi "imbuzi yeduna" lisetshenziswa ngendlela evamile, kubalulekile ukucabangela amagama athile afana ne "cabrón" yeduna elizalayo kanye nethi "choto" yabesilisa abathenwe esifundeni saseSpain. Amagama asetshenziswayo aneqhaza ekuqondeni kangcono nasekuxhumaneni emkhakheni wesayensi nokuzalanisa lezi zilwane ezihehayo.

1. Incazelo nezici zembuzi

Emhlabeni yokufuywa kwezimbuzi, kubalulekile ukuqonda nokwazi izincazelo kanye nezici ze imbuzi yesilisa. Imbuzi ebizwa ngokuthi "imbuzi eduna" noma nje "imbuzi yeduna." Iwumlingani wesilisa wensikazi, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzaleni nasekukhiqizeni izingane.

I izici ezihlukile yembuzi yeduna ihlanganisa imisipha emikhulu nobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neyensikazi. Eyeduna ivamise ukuba nezimpondo ezinkulu ezigobile, ezizisebenzisayo ukuze zizivikele noma ziqhudelane namanye amaduna ekulweleni ukubusa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinezindlala zephunga esilevini nasebunzini lazo, ezikhiqiza ama-pheromone ukuze zihehe abesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala.

Imbuzi yembuzi nayo ine- indima eyisisekelo ekuzaleni nasekukhiqizeni izingane. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, eyeduna ikhweza ezinsikazi ukuze izivundise. Ukwengeza, zivame ukuba nolaka futhi zibe nezindawo eziningi kunezinsikazi, okuzenza zibe abaqaphi abaphumelelayo ngokumelene nezinsongo ezingase zibe khona emhlambini. Ngokunjalo, ekukhiqizweni kobisi, izimbuzi eziduna zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuzala kanye nokuthuthukiswa kofuzo lomhlambi.

2. Umjikelezo wokuzala wembuzi kanye nomthelela wayo ekuzaleni

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umjikelezo wokuzala wembuzi Kuyisici esibalulekile ekuzaleni kwalezi zinhlobo. Phakathi nenkathi yokuzala, abesilisa baba nochungechunge lwezinguquko zehomoni ezibavumela ukuba bahlanganyele ekuzaleni.

Umjikelezo wokuzala wembuzi yenduna ubonakala ngezigaba ezimbalwa ezichazwe ngokucacile. Ukuthomba Yisikhathi lapho abesilisa befinyelela ekuvuthweni kobulili futhi babe namandla okuzala. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neziyisi-8 ubudala, kuye ngohlobo kanye nezimo zemvelo.

Uma abesilisa sebethombile, bangena enkathini eyaziwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wokuzala. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, abesilisa babhekana nokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi njenge-testosterone, ebonakala ekushintsheni ngokomzimba nangokokuziphatha. Ngokwesibonelo, abesilisa baba nolaka futhi babonise ukuziphatha kokuqomisana kwabesifazane.

3. Ukuhlonzwa kwembuzi enempilo efanele ukuzala

Umlimi wezimbuzi noma umfuyi kufanele akwazi ukubona a imbuzi eduna enempilo efanele ukuzala ukuqinisekisa ukuzalanisa ngempumelelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kofuzo lomhlambi. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela i-sire kubalulekile ukugcina izinga kanye nokukhiqiza kokufuywa kwezimbuzi.

Esinye sezici zomzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu a imbuzi Ukubukeka kwayo okuvamile. Kufanele ube ne umzimba olingana kahle, enesifuba esibanzi nesinemisipha, imilenze eqinile nekhanda eliqinile nentamo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ube ne isakhiwo esiqinile samathambo kanye namazinyo afanele. Imbuzi enempilo futhi evundile kufanele ibe isesimweni esihle umzimba, ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala zobuthakathaka, ukugula noma ukungondleki.

Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho khomba imbuzi elungele ukuzala Ukuziphatha kwakhe. I-stallion yekhwalithi kufanele ibe ebusayo kanye nendawo namanye amaduna, ekhombisa ulaka kanye nobuholi emhlambini. Kufanele futhi kube njalo esebenzayo futhi enomdlandla, ebonisa isithakazelo kwabesifazane kanye nokusungula ukuziphatha okufanele kokuqomisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi imbuzi ifinyelele ukuvuthwa ngokocansi futhi ube nomlando ophumelelayo wokuzalanisa ngaphambi kokusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa.

4. Ukukhethwa kwembuzi efanele ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhi zofuzo zomhlambi

Isici esibalulekile ekuzaleni izimbuzi. Ukuze uthole umhlambi ikhwalithi ephezulu nokusebenza, kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngokucophelela i-stallion ezosetshenziswa ekuzaleni. Imbuzi, eyaziwa ngokuthi imbuzi noma imbuzi, idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kofuzo lomhlambi. Ngezansi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule lapho ukhetha imali efanele:

1. Izakhi zofuzo: Kubalulekile ukuhlola izici zofuzo zembuzi maqondana nezinjongo zokuthuthukisa izakhi zofuzo zomhlambi. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlaziya inzalo yabo, ukuhlola uhlu lwabo lozalo kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwabo mayelana nokukhiqiza ubisi, isisindo, ukumelana nezifo kanye nokuvumelana.

2. Ukuzala: Amandla okuzala embuzi abaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzalanisa okuphumelelayo kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuzala, kubalulekile ukuhlola ikhwalithi yesidoda kanye ne-libido ye-stallion. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokungazali, okufana ne-semen microscopy, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbuzi ekhethiwe iyakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wayo wokuzala.

3. Isimo sengqondo nokuziphatha: Kubalulekile ukukhetha inkunzi enomoya ofanele. Inkunzi yensikazi enolaka noma enovalo ingaba nomthelela omubi emhlambini futhi ibangele ingcindezi ezimbuzini. Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubheke imbuzi ezolile, ethambile futhi ephathwa kalula ekwazi ukuxhumana kahle nezinsikazi kanye nezisebenzi eziphethe ukuzalanisa.

Ukukhetha imbuzi efanele kuyisici esinqumayo sempumelelo yokuthuthukiswa kofuzo lomhlambi. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela i-stallion ngokusekelwe kufuzo, ukuzala kanye nesimo sezulu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthola umhlambi wekhwalithi ephezulu nokusebenza. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhetha okufanele kwembuzi kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo zokukhiqiza nokugcina impilo nokukhiqiza komhlambi esikhathini eside. Ngakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukuthola iseluleko esikhethekile futhi wenze ukuhlaziya okuphelele ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina.

5. Ukubaluleka kokuphakela kanye nokunakekelwa okuqondile kwembuzi

Ukondla kanye nokunakekelwa okukhethekile kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nempilo enhle imbuzi. Lesi silwane, esaziwa ngokuthi imbuzi, imbuzi enobisi o imbuzi, idinga ukudla okulinganiselayo okuhlanganisa izidingo zayo zokudla okunomsoco. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukunikeza umthombo we ukudla okusha kanye nekhwalithi. Isisekelo sokudla kwabo kufanele sibe nefolishi, njengotshani noma utshani, njengoba kuyimithombo emihle kakhulu yefayibha namandla kulezi zilwane.

Ngaphezu kwefolishi, kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ukudla kwembuzi ukugxila eqondene nezimbuzi, equkethe izakhamzimba ezibalulekile njengamaprotheni, amavithamini namaminerali. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izidingo zokudla okunomsoco zalezi zilwane zingahluka kuye ngeminyaka yazo, isigaba sempilo kanye nenjongo yokuzalanisa. Futhi, zinikeze amanzi ahlanzekile, ahlanzekile ngobuningi kubalulekile ukugwema izinkinga zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokugcina impilo engcono.

Mayelana nokunakekelwa okukhethekile kwembuzi, kufanele kuqashelwe kuyo ukukhiqiza kabusha y impilo. Kutuswa ukukhetha okwanele imfuyo ezalayo, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nozalo, ukumila komzimba kanye nomlando wezifo. Ngokufanayo, ukulawulwa kufanele kwenziwe ku- umjikelezo wokuzala ezimbuzini, ukunquma isikhathi esifanele sokukhwelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwenza a ukukhipha izikelemu ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ulandele uhlelo olufanele lokugoma ukuvimbela izifo.

6. Izindlela zokuphatha kanye nokulawula imbuzi ngesikhathi ikhwela

Kwezolimo nemfuyo, ukwazi Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuzala okuyimpumelelo nokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezingane. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhwelana, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukucatshangelwa okuhlukene ukuze kube lula ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokuziphatha okufanele kweduna.

Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi- ukuklanywa kwezinsiza ezanele. Amapulazi namapulazi kufanele abe nezibaya ezivulekile futhi eziphephile, lapho amabhakede ekwazi ukuhamba kahle. Izakhiwo kufanele futhi zicatshangelwe ukuhlukanisa abesilisa uma kwenzeka behlaselwa noma ukuhlukanisa labo asebewufezile umsebenzi wabo wokuzala.

Esinye isici esibalulekile yi- ukukhetha owesilisa ofanele. Kubalulekile ukukhetha abafuyi abanezici zofuzo ozifisayo, njengokuvumelana okuhle kanye nesimo sengqondo esifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abesilisa banempilo enhle futhi abanazo izifo. Iduna elisesimweni esihle somzimba liqinisekisa ukukhwelana okuphumelelayo nenzalo enempilo.

7. Ukucatshangelwa kwezempilo kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela imbuzi

Izimbuzi ezinduna zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze zigcine inhlalakahle yazo futhi zivikele izifo. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile zempilo kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela okufanele uzikhumbule:

1. Ukugoma kanye nokukhipha izikelemu: Kubalulekile ukugcina imigomo yezimbuzi zakho kanye nezinhlelo zokubulala izikelemu kusesikhathini samanje. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunikeza imithi yokugomela izifo ezivamile ezifana nesifo samatele kanye ne-brucellosis, kanye nokubulala izikelemu okuvamile ukuvimbela ukungenwa yizilokazane zangaphakathi nezingaphandle.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlukaniswa: Uma inkunzi entsha yethulwa emhlambini, kubalulekile ukuyigcina yodwa okungenani izinsuku ezingama-30 ukuvikela ukusabalala kwezifo. Ngalesi sikhathi, iduna kufanele ligcinwe endaweni ehlukene nezinye izilwane futhi liqinisekise ukuthi linazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo ukuze libe nempilo enhle, njengendawo eyanele, ukudla okwanele namanzi ahlanzekile.

3. Ukulawula ukukhiqiza kabusha: Izimbuzi ezinduna zingadlulisela izifo ngokuzalana. Kubalulekile ukulawula ukuzalanisa okuqinile, ukukhetha ngokucophelela imfuyo kanye nokuhlolwa kwezifo ezithile ngaphambi kokukhwelana. Kubuye kunconywe ukugwema ukuzalanisa ukuze unciphise ingozi yezifo zofuzo.

8. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokukhiqiza kabusha nokukhuliswa kwezimali

Ukuzala kanye nokuzalanisa kahle kwezimbuzi yizici ezibalulekile zempumelelo yanoma yiliphi ipulazi lezimbuzi noma indawo yokuchanyuselwa. Ukufeza lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe i- imikhuba emihle kakhulu eziqinisekisa impilo nokusebenza kahle kwalezi zilwane.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile khetha ngokucophelela izimbuzi zokuzala. Lezo zibonelo ezinempilo enhle, zinesimo sengqondo esanele kanye nezici zomzimba ezifiselekayo kufanele zikhethwe. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela i-akhawunti yakho umlando wofuzo futhi uhlole ukuthi ngabe baye baba nempumelelo yokuzala ngaphambilini.

Lapho abesilisa sebekhethiwe, kubalulekile ukubanikeza ukudla okunomsoco nokulinganiselayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubanikeza ukudla okucebile ngamaprotheni namaminerali, kanye nokunikezwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile anele. Kuyanconywa futhi isithasiselo wondla ukudla kwakho ngamaminerali engeziwe namavithamini ukuze uqinisekise impilo yakho enhle kanye nekhwalithi yesidoda sakho.

9. Izici okufanele zihlolwe ekukhangiseni nasekudayiseni izimbuzi

Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye zokumaketha nokudayiswa kwezimbuzi:

1. Izici ze-morphological: Esinye sezici eziyinhloko okufanele sizihlole lapho uthengisa izimbuzi zamaduna ezazo ukubukeka komzimba. Abathengi ngokuvamile babheka izilwane uqeqeshwe kahle futhi ulinganiselwe, enemisipha emihle futhi engenakho ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezithile zohlobo ziyaziswa, njengobukhulu bezimpondo, umbala wejazi kanye nokuba khona kwezici ezihlukile. Le mininingwane ithonya ngokuqondile ukuheha kanye nenani lezentengiselwano wembuzi. Ukubukeka komzimba kufanele kunakekelwe kusukela ngesikhathi isilwane sizalwa, ngokudla okwanele kanye nokulawulwa kwezifo ezingase zithinte ukukhula kwaso.

2. Ikhwalithi yokuzala: Okunye okuguquguqukayo okubalulekile okufanele kuhlolwe yi- amandla okuzala wembuzi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubheka yakho ukuzalaizinga le ukuzalwa ngempumelelo kwabesifazane lapho kuwela khona kanye nezinga lesidoda esikhiqizwayo. Amandla okukhulelwa inani elikhulu labesifazane futhi akhiqize inzalo enempilo, esezingeni kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo emakethe yezimbuzi. Ngakho-ke, idatha yokuzala, njengenani lamaphuphu azalwa kanye nephesenti lokukhulelwa elitholiwe, kufanele ihlale igadiwe.

3. Ukuziphatha nokuphatha: El intukuthelo y ukuziphatha Badlala indima ebalulekile ekuthengeni nasekudayiseni amarandi. Abathengi bafuna izilwane ezikhona ukulawuleka, enomoya ophansi futhi evumelana kalula nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nayo iyaziswa kalula ukuphatha kanye nokuhamba yembuzi, njengoba lokhu kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle nokuphepha kwenqubo yokumaketha. Kubalulekile ukuhlola indlela isilwane esiziphatha ngayo, indlela esisabela ngayo ekuvuseni kanye nekhono laso lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokukhulisa. Ukuphatha kahle amarandi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlalakahle yawo kanye nempumelelo. emakethe.

10. Imbuzi ngokwesiko lamasiko kanye nomthelela wayo kwezomnotho embonini yezimbuzi

Ezweni elijabulisayo lokuzalanisa izimbuzi, kubalulekile ukwazi ngokujulile izindima ezihlukene ezidlalwa abesilisa kulolu hlobo. Imbuzi leduna, eyaziwa nangokuthi "inyamazane" ngesiNgisi, inesibopho sokukhiqiza kabusha izinhlobo zezilwane nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Ukubaluleka kwayo akugcini nje ngokuzalana, kodwa futhi kuba khona okuvelele emasikweni amasiko kanye nomthelela wezomnotho wemboni yezimbuzi.

Ngokomlando, imbuzi ibihlonishwa futhi isetshenziswa emikhosini yamasiko nemikhuba ehlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Emakhulwini eminyaka, bekuhlotshaniswa nobudoda, ukuzala kanye namandla wesilisa.. Kwamanye amasiko, isibalo sakhe sesiwuphawu lwamandla nokubusa, ngisho nokwenza samuntu onkulunkulu. Lokhu kuxhumana okubalulekile nesiko nesiko kusize ukugcina ubukhona kanye nentshisekelo yezimbuzi iphila emiphakathini yasemakhaya.

Ngokolunye uhlangothi, Umthelela wezomnotho wezimbuzi embonini yezimbuzi awunakuphikwa. Ngaphezu kokubamba iqhaza kwazo okuyisisekelo ekuzalaneni, lezi zilwane nazo zihlonishwa ngekhwalithi yazo yofuzo, ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kobisi nenyama yezimbuzi. Ngenxa yekhono lazo lokudlulisela izici ezifiselekayo enzalweni yazo, izinkunzi ezinhle kakhulu zifunwa futhi zitholwa abalimi, abazimisele ukutshala izizumbulu zemali ukuze baqinisekise izakhi zofuzo ezifanele emihlambini yabo. Lesi sidingo esiqhubekayo asizuzisi nje kuphela abafuyi ngokwezomnotho, kodwa futhi siqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuvela kwemboni yezimbuzi iyonke.

Ekuphetheni, Imbuzi idlala indima ebalulekile kukho kokubili isiko namasiko, kanye nomthelela wezomnotho wemboni yezimbuzi.. Umthelela waso weqa ngale kokuzala futhi uxhumene nezinkolelo nemikhuba yamasiko ahlukahlukene. Ngokunjalo, ukubaluleka kwayo kofuzo kanye negalelo layo ekwenzeni ngcono ukukhiqizwa kwezimbuzi kuyenza ibe yimpahla yangempela kubafuyi kanye nemboni jikelele. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokwazisa indawo yokuqala lesi silwane esihle esikuyo emphakathini wethu, ngokombono wamasiko nezomnotho.