ISINGENISO
Ucwaningo lokuziphatha kanye namakhono okuqonda opholi kube nentshisekelo kubacwaningi amashumi eminyaka. Ngokucwaninga okuphelele, kuye kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhanyisa amandla okubuka alezi zinyoni ezingavamile kanye nendlela eziyibona ngayo indawo yazo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe indlela opholi ababona ngayo, begxile esimisweni sabo sokubona, ukwakheka kwamehlo abo nekhono labo lokuhlukanisa imibala. Sizothola izici ezingavamile zombono wabo nokuthi lokhu kujwayela kuzivumela kanjani ukuthi zihlanganyele futhi ziphile endaweni yazo yemvelo. Kuwo wonke umbhalo, sizokwethula idatha yomgomo kanye nemiphumela yesayensi ezosiza ukuqonda kangcono umhlaba othakazelisayo obonakalayo walezi zinyoni ezihlakaniphile.
1. I-ocular anatomy yama-parrots: zibona kanjani?
Opholi yizinyoni ezaziwa ngekhono elimangalisayo lokulingisa imisindo nokufunda. amakhono amasha. Kodwa ingabe wake wazibuza ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezimibalabala ziwubona kanjani umhlaba? I-ocular anatomy yopholi iyathakazelisa futhi inikeza umbono oyingqayizivele wendawo yawo.
Okokuqala, ama-parrots anombono we-binocular, okusho ukuthi Amehlo azo atholakala ngaphambili kwekhanda lawo, okuzivumela ukuba zibe nombono onezinhlangothi ezintathu. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekubaleni amabanga kanye nokuhamba kahle endaweni ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-parrots anombono obanzi, ongafinyelela kuma-degree angu-180, okubavumela ukuba babone noma yikuphi ukunyakaza endaweni yabo.
Isici esithakazelisayo se-parrot ocular anatomy yikhono labo lokubona imibala. Ngokungafani nabantu, abanezinhlobo ezintathu zezigaxa ku-retina ukuze babambe imibala eyinhloko - obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - opholi banezinhlobo ezine zamakhoni, okubavumela ukuba babone uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwemibala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangawazisa ama-shades angabonakali kithi futhi bahlukanise imibala ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
2. Izitho ezibukwayo zopholi: isakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi
Opholi yizinyoni ezaziwa ngobuhlakani nekhono lokulingisa imisindo namagama. Ukufeza lawa makghono, ama-parrots anezitho ezikhethekile ezibonakalayo ezivumela ukucubungula ulwazi olubukwayo. ngempumelelo. Lezi zitho ezibukwayo zihlanganisa amehlo amakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi ezilungiselwe imisebenzi ehlukene.
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko samehlo opholi siyefana nesezinye izinyoni. Zine-cornea esobala ngaphambili kweso evumela ukudlula kokukhanya, kanye nelensi egxilisa ukukhanya ku-retina. Nokho, okwenza opholi bahluke ukuba khona kwesakhiwo esibizwa ngokuthi i-interstitial zone ku-retina, equkethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwamaseli e-photoreceptor akhethekile. Lawa maseli e-photoreceptor avumela opholi ukuba babe nombono obukhali futhi babone umbala ogqamile kunezinye izinyoni.
Ngaphezu kokubona kahle kwawo kanye nokubona kombala, ama-parrots nawo anekhono lokugxila futhi alungise ukuma kwelensi yawo. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuba zibone ngokucacile eduze nakude, okuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekusebenzelaneni kwazo nendawo ezizungezile nokuthola ukudla noma izingozi ezingaba khona. Ikhono lopholi lokulungisa i-lens libuye lizivumele ukuba zibone imininingwane emihle, njengezici zobuso bomuntu, ezisiza ekhonweni labo lokulingisa amagama nemisindo ngokunembile.
Kafushane, opholi banezitho ezibonwayo ezikhethekile ezibavumela ukuba babe nombono obukhali, ukuqonda kombala okujulile, kanye nekhono lokulungisa ilensi yabo ukuze igxile eduze nakude. Lezi zici ezibukwayo ziyisisekelo sobuhlakani babo namakhono okulingisa. Ama-parrots ayizinhlobo zezinyoni ezihehayo eziqhubeka nokusimangaza ngokuzijwayeza kwazo kanye nekhono lokubuka.
3. Umuzwa wokubona kuma-parrots: umbono obukhali
Umuzwa wokubona kumapholi uyisici esimangalisayo esiwavumela ukuba abone imvelo ngendlela ebukhali nenemininingwane. Ama-parrots anochungechunge lokujwayela okubonakalayo okubavumela ukuthi babe nombono oyingqayizivele.
Okokuqala, ama-parrots anekhono eliphezulu lokubona umbala. Amehlo abo afakwe ama-cones anhlobonhlobo, okubavumela ukuba bahlukanise izinhlobonhlobo ze-shades. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi endaweni yazo yemvelo, lapho kufanele zibone kokubili imithombo yazo yokudla kanye nezilwane ezingase zizidle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-parrots anomkhakha obanzi kakhulu wokubona. Amehlo abo atholakala eceleni kwekhanda, okubavumela ukuba babe ne-angle yokubuka cishe Amadigri angu-360. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kubo ukubona noma yikuphi ukunyakaza endaweni abahlala kuyo, okubalulekile ukuze baphile.
Okokugcina, ama-parrots nawo anamakhono amahle kakhulu okugxila. Amehlo akho anekhono lokushintsha ukuma kwamalensi awo, okuwavumela ukuthi agxile ezintweni eziseduze nezikude ngokunemba okukhulu. Lo mkhuba ubalulekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi efana nokufuna ukudla noma ukuhlonza izinsongo ezingaba khona.
Ngamafuphi, umuzwa wokubona kuma-parrots uyikhono elimangalisayo. Ikhono labo lokubona imibala, indawo yabo ebanzi yokubona kanye nekhono labo elihle lokugxila libavumela ukuthi bazulazule endaweni yabo ngobuciko. Lezi zimo ezibukwayo zibalulekile ukuze ziphile futhi ziphumelele njengohlobo lwezilwane.
4. Imibala kanye nombono obonakalayo kuma-parrots
Ama-parrots aziwa ngokugqama kwawo futhi ahlukahlukene iphalethi yombala, okubonakala kuyisici esithakazelisayo kubabukeli. Nokho, umbono obonakalayo kuma-parrots awufani nowabantu. Kuso sonke lesi sigaba, sizohlola ukuthi opholi bayibona kanjani imibala nokuthi lokhu kuthinta kanjani ukuziphatha kwabo nokusebenzisana nendawo yabo.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-parrots anombono we-trichromatic, okusho ukuthi anezinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli e-cone emehlweni abo ukuze abone futhi ahlukanise imibala. Lawa maseli azwela amaza ahlukene okukhanya, okuwavumela ukuthi abone imibala eyinhloko njengobomvu, oluhlaza okotshani, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Nakuba ukubona kwawo umbala kulinganiselwe kakhulu kuneyethu, opholi banekhono elikhulu lokuxazulula amaphethini nemininingwane emihle.
Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukubona imibala, opholi baphinde babe nesitho esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-pectineal spot, esingemuva kwamehlo abo. Lesi sitho siqukethe amangqamuzana e-photosensitive avumela ukuthi abone ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okungabonakali kubantu. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-ultraviolet kubalulekile kumapholi, njengoba kuwasiza ukuba abone ukudla, athole umngane womshado, futhi axhumane. Ngakho-ke, imibala esiyibona ezimpapheni zopholi ingase ihluke kulokho abakubonayo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaphethini e-ultraviolet nama-nuances.
Ngamafuphi, ama-parrots anombono we-trichromatic futhi ayakwazi ukubona imibala eyinhloko. Ikhono labo lokubona ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet libahlinzeka ngolwazi oluyingqayizivele olubenza bahluke kubantu. Ukuqonda indlela opholi ababona ngayo imibala kubalulekile ekwaziseni ubuhle babo futhi kungasisiza nokuba sibanikeze indawo ecebisayo nejabulisayo.
5. Ukubona eduze nebanga kumapholi: indlela eguquguqukayo
Ukubona eduze nakude kumapholi kuyisici esithakazelisayo sekhono lawo lokubona. Lezi zinyoni zine-focus evumelana nezimo ezivumela ukuthi zilungise ukubona kwazo kuye ngokuthi zikude kangakanani le nto eziyibonayo. Le nsiza ibalulekile ukuze baphile futhi ibavumela ukuba bazivumelanise nezimo nezimo ezihlukahlukene.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-parrots anombono we-binocular, okusho ukuthi angagxila womabili amehlo entweni eyodwa. Lokhu kubahlinzeka ngokubona kwezinhlangothi ezintathu futhi kubenza bakwazi ukubala ibanga phakathi kwabo nento abayibukayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-parrots anombono we-peripheral othuthuke kakhulu, okubavumela ukuthi babone ukunyakaza kanye nezinguquko endaweni yabo.
Ngokuqondene nokugxila okuguquguqukayo, ama-parrots angashintsha ngokushesha ukuma kwamalensi wamehlo ukuze alungise umbono wawo emabangeni ahlukene. Uma ubuka izinto eziseduze, opholi bagxilisa amehlo abo ukuze basondeza futhi baqinisekise ukubona okucacile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho zibona izinto ezikude, zikhulula imisipha yamehlo ukuze zigxile ezindaweni ezikude. Lo mshini ubavumela ukuthi bazivumelanise ngokushesha nezimo ezihlukahlukene futhi basebenzise ngokugcwele amandla abo okubuka.
6. I-Visual acuity kuma-parrots: zibona kanjani imininingwane emincane?
Ama-parrots aziwa ngokubona okubukhali, okubavumela ukuba babone imininingwane emincane endaweni yabo. Ikhono labo lokubona libavumela ukuba babone izinto ezincane kakhulu futhi bahlukanise izici zabo ezihlukile. Leli khono liwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho uzama ukuthola ukudla. ngokwemvelo futhi baqaphele amanye amalungu ohlobo lwawo.
I-acuity ebonakalayo yama-parrots ibangelwa izici eziningana zomzimba nezebhayoloji. Okokuqala, isistimu yakho yokubuka isetshenziswa ukuze ikwazi ukubona izinhlobonhlobo zemibala nokugqamayo. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zibone izinto ezisendaweni yazo ngokunembe kakhudlwana. Ukwengeza, opholi banamangqamuzana amaningi e-photoreceptor emehlweni abo, okubenza babone kakhudlwana nanemininingwane eyengeziwe.
Esinye isici esibalulekile esinomthelela ekuboneni kopholi yikhono labo lokugxila kanye nokulungisa ukuma kwelensi ye-ocular. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukubona izinto eziseduze nezikude ngokucacile. Ukwengeza, opholi banesakhiwo samehlo esibizwa ngokuthi i-fovea, okuyindawo encane ye-retina enenqwaba yamaseli e-photoreceptor. Le fovea izivumela ukuthi zigxile ngokunembile emininingwaneni emincane futhi zithwebule imibala ngokuqina okukhulu.
Kafushane, i-acuity ebonakalayo yopholi iyamangalisa ngenxa yekhono labo lokubona imininingwane emincane futhi bahlukanise imibala nokugqama endaweni yabo. Leli khono libalulekile ukuze ziphile endle, njengoba lizivumela ukuba zithole ukudla futhi zibone amalungu ezinhlobo zazo. Ukuminyana okuphezulu kwamangqamuzana e-photoreceptor emehlweni awo, ikhono lawo lokushintsha ukuma kwelensi ye-ocular, nokwakheka kwawo okukhethekile kwe-ocular kunomthelela ekuboneni kwawo okumangalisayo.
7. Umbono wasebusuku kumapholi: izimfihlo zokuvumelana nezimo
Ukubona ebusuku kuma-parrots kungenye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu zokuvumelana nezimo. Lezi zinyoni zinochungechunge lwezimpawu ze-physiological ezivumela ukuthi zibone ngokucacile ezimeni eziphansi zokukhanya. Okukodwa kwe umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-parrots nezinye izilwane yikhono labo lokwandisa abafundi babo, okunikeza ukukhanya okukhulu emehlweni abo.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo ukwakhiwa kongqimba olukhethekile ku-retina, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-tapetum lucidum, olusebenza njengesibuko esikhanyayo. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhanya okungamuncwanga ekuqaleni ukuthi kuboniswe emuva kuma-photoreceptors, okukhulisa ukubonakala ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zimo zesakhiwo, opholi babuye babe nokugcwala okuphezulu kwamaseli e-photoreceptor ku-retina, okwandisa ukuzwela kwawo. ekukhanyeni. Lokhu kuzinikeza inzuzo ekutholeni izinto ezisebumnyameni futhi kuzivumela ukuthi zihambe kalula ngisho nasezindaweni ezinokukhanya kalufifi.
8. Opholi kanye nombono wabo we-3D: ikhono elimangalisayo
Ama-parrots aziwa ngekhono lawo lokulingisa imisindo nokukhuluma nabantu, kodwa ikhono lawo elimangalisayo lihamba phambili kakhulu. Lezi zinyoni zinombono we-3D ozivumela ukuthi zibe nombono wendawo onembe ngendlela emangalisayo. Kusobala ukuthi umbono wabo udlala indima ebalulekile ekhonweni lazo lokundiza nokuhamba endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi.
Umbono wama-parrots we-3D usekelwe ekhonweni lawo lokubona ngawo womabili amehlo kanye kanye nokuhlola umehluko wokubuka ama-engeli phakathi kwawo. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zibe nokujula okunembe kakhulu nokuqonda ibanga kunezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono wabo ubuye ubavumele ukuba babone ngokushesha izinto ezihambayo futhi abale ngokunembile umkhondo wabo.
Leli khono eliyingqayizivele lokubuka kopholi liye labonwa ezifundweni eziningi zesayensi. Kwesinye sazo, kwaboniswa ukuthi ama-parrots angakwazi ukubona izinto ku-3D kanye ukuxazulula izinkinga okuhlobene nombono wendawo. Lawa makhono ahlaba umxhwele ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu obuncane bobuchopho bazo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane ezinekhono lokubona elifanayo. Umbono we-3D wopholi awulona nje ikhono elimangalisayo, kodwa futhi uyisikhumbuzo samandla amangalisayo emvelo kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwamakhono esingawathola emhlabeni. umbuso wezilwane.
9. Izinto ezithinta umbono wopholi endaweni yabo yemvelo
Ama-parrots, njengezinye izilwane, athintwa yizici ezihlukahlukene endaweni yawo yemvelo engathinta ukubona kwawo. Lezi zici zingase zihlanganise ukukhanya kwe-ambient, ukuba khona kwezithiyo ezibonakalayo, nanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo. Ngezansi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingaba nomthelela embonweni we-parrot endle.
Ukukhanyisa kwe-ambient: Ubuningi nekhwalithi yokukhanya endaweni yemvelo kapholi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekhonweni layo lokubuka. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kunikeza opholi ukukhanya okufanele, okubenza babone kahle, babone kahle. Kodwa-ke, izimo zokukhanya okuphansi zingathiya ukubona kwazo futhi zithinte ikhono lazo lokuthola ukudla noma ukubona izilwane ezidla ezinye ezingase zibe khona.
Izithiyo ezibonakalayo: Ama-parrots angase abhekane nezithiyo ezibonakalayo endaweni yawo yemvelo, njengamagatsha aminyene noma amahlamvu, angaphazamisa ukubona kwawo. Lezi zithiyo zingenza kube nzima kumaphara ukuthi abone izilwane ezidla ezinye noma athole ukudla. Ukwengeza, ama-parrots angase abe nobunzima bokubona noma ukuxhumana ngokubukeka namanye amalungu ezinhlobo zawo ngenxa yalezi zithiyo ezibonakalayo.
10. Ikhono lokubona ubuso kumapholi: isifundo esinemininingwane
El ukuqashelwa kobuso kuma-parrots yisihloko socwaningo esithakazelisayo esivuse isithakazelo sososayensi nabathandi bezinyoni emhlabeni jikelele. Ocwaningweni oluningiliziwe, ikhono lopholi lokubona ubuso bomuntu lihloliwe nokuthi bangalisebenzisa kanjani leli khono ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene. Okutholwe okuphawuleka kakhulu kwalolu cwaningo nemithelela engaba nayo emkhakheni wesayensi yezengqondo yezilwane kuvezwe ngezansi.
Okokuqala, uchungechunge lwezilingo lwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ikhono lokubona ubuso kumapholi. Iqembu lama-parrots aqeqeshiwe asetshenziswa endaweni elawulwayo futhi anikezwa izithombe zobuso bomuntu. Kusetshenziswa amasu okusebenza okusebenza, kwanqunywa ukuthi opholi bangabona futhi bakhumbule ubuso obuhlukene ngezinga eliphezulu lokunemba. Ukwengeza, kwatholakala ukuthi ama-parrots akwazi ukubona izinguquko ezicashile ekubukeni kobuso futhi ahlukanise phakathi kwabantu abahlukene.
Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwahlola imiphumela yekhono lokubona ubuso kumapholi endaweni yokusebenzisana komuntu nesilwane. Kwatholakala ukuthi opholi bakwazi ukwakha ubuhlobo obuseduze nabantu ababebona ubuso babo futhi babukhumbula. Ukwengeza, ama-parrots abonise ukubambisana okukhulu nokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini lapho ethulwa kumuntu omjwayele. Lokhu okutholakele kuvula izindlela ezintsha zokuqeqeshwa nokuxhumana nopholi, kanye nokucwaninga ukuqonda kwezilwane ngokujwayelekile.
11. Opholi nombono wokunyakaza: basibona kanjani isenzo?
Opholi bayizinyoni ezaziwa ngokuhlakanipha nekhono lokulingisa imisindo, kodwa bakubona kanjani ukunyakaza? Ucwaningo lwesayensi lubonise ukuthi opholi banekhono eliyingqayizivele lokubona nokusabela esenzweni. Ngesistimu yabo yokubuka, ama-parrots ayakwazi ukuthwebula izinguquko ekuhambeni futhi aphendule ngendlela efanele.
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ukuthi ama-parrots abe naleli khono ukukhetha kwawo okubonakalayo okuphezulu. Isimiso sabo sokubona sibavumela ukuba babone ukunyakaza okucashe kakhulu, ngisho nasemabangeni amade. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-parrots anenani elikhulu lamaseli e-ganglion ku-retina, okuwenza abe nokuzwela okukhulu ekunyakazeni.
Esinye isici esiyinhloko ekuboneni ukunyakaza kwama-parrots isikhathi sokunaka kwabo. Lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi ukugxila entweni ehambayo futhi ziyilandele ngokunembile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi opholi banamandla okuhambisa amehlo abo ngokushesha, okubavumela ukuthi bagcine amehlo abo egxile entweni ehambayo. Ngokufanayo, ama-parrots ayakwazi ukugxilisa ukunaka kwawo entweni ehambayo, angazinaki iziphazamiso futhi agxile kuphela esenzweni abasibonayo.
12. Indima yombono ekuziphatheni kopholi emphakathini
Opholi baziwa ngokuziphatha kwabo komphakathi okuthuthuke kakhulu, futhi ukubona kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzelaneni kwabo nabanye abantu. Ikhono lopholi lokubona amanye amalungu ohlobo lwawo, lihumushe izinto ezibonwayo, nokuxhumana ngokuphumelelayo lincike kakhulu embonweni wabo obukhali.
Umbono we-stereoscopic ubaluleke kakhulu kuma-parrots, njengoba uwavumela ukuba abe nombono we-three-dimensional wezwe. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ngabo ukwahlulela ngokunembile amabanga nobukhulu, kanye nokubona isimo sobuso sabanye opholi. Ukwengeza, opholi abaningi banombala othuthuke kakhulu, okubavumela ukuba bahlukanise izinhlobonhlobo zama-hues nemibala, okubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amaphethini okukhwelana kanye nokubona izinto ezisendaweni yabo.
Ngaphezu kokubona kahle, ama-parrots ayakwazi ukulandela ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokugxila ezintweni ezikude. Lokhu kuvumela ukuba balandele ukundiza kwamanye ama-parrots ngesikhathi sokuxhumana komphakathi, kanye nokugcina ukunaka iphuzu elithile ngesikhathi sokuxhumana. Ukubona kwe-peripheral kwama-parrots nakho kuyaphawuleka, okusho ukuthi bayakwazi ukubona ukunyakaza kanye nezinguquko endaweni yabo ngaphandle kokuphendula amakhanda abo.
13. Umbono nokuxhumana kumapholi: ubuhlobo obuseduze
Ama-parrots aziwa ngokukwazi kwawo ukubona kanye namakhono okuxhumana. Umbono wabo ubavumela ukuthi babone imininingwane ecashile endaweni yabo futhi babone ukuthinta kanye nezimpawu ezivela kontanga yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinyoni ziye zakha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana, kusukela ekukhulumeni kwezwi kuye ekunyakazeni komzimba, ezivumela ukuba zidlulisele imiyalezo ebalulekile kwabanye opholi nakubanini bazo.
Ukubona kopholi kubukhali ngendlela emangalisayo, ngenxa yamangqamuzana amaningi e-photoreceptor asemehlweni awo. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zihlukanise imibala egqamile futhi zithole imininingwane emincane kude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, opholi banekhono lokubona amaza okukhanya ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okubavumela ukuba babone izinto ezingabonakali ngeso lomuntu.
Mayelana nokuxhumana, ama-parrots asebenzisa inhlanganisela yamazwi nokunyakaza komzimba ukuze aziveze. Amagama angasukela ezingcingweni ezilula ukuze abonise indawo ukuya ekulandelaneni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwemisindo edlulisela ulwazi oluningiliziwe. Ama-parrots aphinde asebenzise ukunyakaza komzimba, njengokubhakuzisa amaphiko noma ukuphulula izimpaphe, ukuze akhulume imizwa efana nesasasa noma ukwesaba. Lokhu kuthinta kungase kuhambisane namazwi ukuze kudluliselwe umlayezo ophelele.
14. Amasu okunakekela okubukwayo kopholi abathunjiwe
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobonhlobo. Opholi bayizinyoni ezizwela kakhulu futhi ukubukeka kwabo kubalulekile empilweni yabo yonke. Lapha sizokunikeza izeluleko ezisebenzayo nezincomo zokuvikela nokunakekela umbono wamapholi akho.
1. Indawo yokuhlala: Kubalulekile ukubeka ikheji likapholi endaweni enikeza ukukhanya okuhle kwemvelo, kodwa ugweme ukuchayeka elangeni ngokuqondile. Ukukhanya kwelanga kubalulekile okwenhlalakahle yezinyoni, njengoba iwanikeza uvithamini D, odingekayo ukuze amunce i-calcium. Nokho, ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo kungalimaza amehlo kapholi. Sebenzisa amakhethini noma amakhethini ukuze uwavikele ekuchayekeni ngokweqile.
2. Amathoyizi kanye nokunothisa okubonakalayo: Ukuhlinzeka ngamathoyizi nezinto zokucebisa ezibukwayo kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yokubuka yopholi. Lawa mathoyizi ashukumisa ingqondo yabo futhi abavumele ukuba basebenzise amakhono abo okubuka. Khetha amathoyizi aqukethe imibala egqamile, ehlukile. Ama-parrots akhangwa imibala egqamile, futhi lokhu kusiza nokugcina intshisekelo yabo nempilo ebonakalayo.
Sengiphetha, isihloko esithi “Indlela Opholi Ababona Ngayo” siye sahlaziya ngokuningiliziwe umhlaba othakazelisayo wombono walezi zinyoni ezimibalabala. Ngokubukeza okuphelele kwezifundo zesayensi nochwepheshe kulo mkhakha, sihlole izici ezibalulekile zombono wopholi, kusukela ekuhlakanipheni kwawo okubonakalayo kuye ekubonweni kwawo kombala.
Opholi, njengezinye izilwane, banokubona okukhethekile okubanikeza inzuzo yokuguquguquka endaweni yabo yemvelo. Ikhono lazo lokubona imibala ehlukahlukene nokuhlukanisa imininingwane emihle lizivumela ukuba zibone ukudla, zixhumane namanye amalungu ohlobo lwazo, futhi zihambe ngendlela ephumelelayo endaweni yazo. Ukwengeza, ikhono lazo lokuziqondisa nokubona amaphethini abonakalayo libanika ithuba lokubalekela izilwane ezidla ezinye kanye nokufuna abangane bomshado.
Ngalokhu kuhlola, sithole ubunkimbinkimbi obukhona embonweni wopholi, kusukela kumbono wabo we-ocular kuya ezindleleni zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekucubunguleni okubonakalayo. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo ngalesi sihloko luzocacisa ukuthi opholi bawuchaza kanjani umhlaba obazungezile nokuthi singalusebenzisa kanjani lolu lwazi emikhakheni enjengokongiwa kwezilwane nokusebenzelana kwabantu nezilwane.
Ekugcineni, “Indlela Opholi Ababona Ngayo” inikeze umbono onemininingwane noqinile kwesinye sezici ezithakazelisa kakhulu zalezi zinyoni ezikhangayo. Ngalesi sihloko, sinwebe ukuqonda kwethu umbono wopholi kanye nomthelela wawo ekuziphatheni nasekuphileni kwawo. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, lolu cwaningo lubalulekile ukugcina nokwazisa ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo okusizungezile.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.