Kunini lapho kungcono ukuvala i-akhawunti evuvukile esikhundleni sokuyivikela?

Sichitha izinsuku zethu ku-inthanethi, sakha amaphrofayili futhi samukela imigomo nemibandela ngaphandle kokunaka kakhulu umbhalo omncane, kanti okwamanje sishiya umkhondo ama-akhawunti, idatha yomuntu siqu kanye namaphasiwedi zisakazeke ku-inthanethi. Amaningi alawa ma-akhawunti ayakhohlakala, amanye agcina evele ekuvuza okukhulu, futhi ngaphambi kokuba siqaphele, ama-imeyili, ama-IP, noma ngisho nemininingwane yasebhange isakazeka ingahlolwanga. Kufanele ivalwe nini i-akhawunti evuzayo? Siyakuchaza lapha.

Uma uthola ukuthi i-akhawunti ibekwe engcupheni noma usola ukuthi idatha yakho igcine ikwi-database evuzayo, umbuzo omdala uphakama: ingabe kwanele ukushintsha iphasiwedi, noma sekuyisikhathi sokuvala i-akhawunti evuzayo unomphela? Impendulo ayilula kangako, ngoba kuncike ekutheni iyiphi idatha eveziwe, ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani leyo akhawunti, nokuthi ngabe isevisi ikuvumela ngempela ukuthi ususe imininingwane yakho.

Kungani ama-akhawunti akhohliwe eyinkinga enkulu

Eminyakeni edlule siqoqa amaphrofayili ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ezitolo eziku-inthanethi, ezinsizeni zokusakaza kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene esingasazikhumbuli, kodwa eziqhubeka nokugcina. ama-imeyili, amakheli, izinombolo zocingo kanye nemininingwane yasebhangeInkinga ukuthi lawa ma-akhawunti awanyamalali nje, futhi ezimweni eziningi awavikelwe ngendlela okufanele avikelwe ngayo.

I-akhawunti yomsebenzisi akuyona nje igama nephasiwedi: ngokuvamile ihlanganisa idatha yokuhlonza umuntu siqu, amakheli angokoqobo, usuku lokuzalwa, izindlela zokukhokha ngisho nohlu lokuxhumana. Lonke lelo phakethe lihle kakhulu kumuntu oyisigebengu se-inthanethi ofuna ukuzenza wena noma ukusetha imikhankaso yokukhwabanisa eqondiwe.

Nakuba izinkampani eziningi zithuthukise izinhlelo zazo zokuphepha, sijwayele ukubona imibiko yezindaba ngezikhathi ezithile mayelana ukuvuza okubandakanya izigidi zama-akhawunti yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinsizakalo. Yingakho abaphathi bamaphasiwedi namathuluzi akhethekile bekuxwayisa uma bethola ukuthi i-imeyili yakho noma elinye lamaphasiwedi akho livele ekwephulweni kwedatha.

Inkinga enkulu ukuthi ngisho noma uyeka ukusebenzisa isevisi, idatha yakho ivame ukugcinwa iminyaka. Okungcono kakhulu, Noma iyiphi i-akhawunti engasebenzi izocishwa noma isuswe ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.Kodwa empeleni, akuvamile ukwenzeka. Kunezibonelo ezifana ne-Google noma i-Microsoft, ezivala ama-akhawunti abengasebenzi iminyaka emibili, noma i-Proton, ethatha isinyathelo ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, kodwa lokhu kuseyizinto ezihlukile.

Indlela izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezisebenzisa ngayo idatha yakho evuvukile

Abahlaseli abantshontshi idatha yezemidlalo: bafuna izindlela zokuyifinyelela. inzuzo yezezimali, ukwebiwa kobunikazi, kanye nokuxhashazwa kobudlelwano bakho bomuntu siquKusukela ekuvuzeni okukodwa, bangahlasela kaningi, ngisho nakuma-akhawunti angakaze aphazamiseke ngokuqondile ekwephulweni komthetho kokuqala.

Ngenhlanganisela elula ye-imeyili nephasiwedi evuzayo, bazozama inhlanhla yabo ezinsizeni eziningi ezahlukene (ukubhanga ku-inthanethi, amanethiwekhi omphakathi, izitolo, i-imeyili yezinkampani…), inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukugcwaliswa kweziqinisekisoUma usebenzisa amaphasiwedi kabusha, uzowavulela umnyango ezindaweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngaphandle kokuqaphela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngohlu loxhumana nabo olukhishwe kuma-akhawunti akho amadala, bangaqalisa imikhankaso emikhulu ye- ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokukhwabanisa okukholisayo kakhuluBangase bazenze wena noma inkampani ethembekile. Abangani bakho, amakhasimende, noma amalungu omndeni angase athole ama-imeyili noma imiyalezo yombhalo ekhohlisayo ebonakala isemthethweni ngoba ifaka ulwazi lwangempela.

Uma ukuvuza kufinyelela olwazini olubucayi kakhulu, njengokuthi Ikhadi le-ID, ikheli leposi noma imininingwane yezezimaliIngozi iyanda kakhulu. Ngalolo lwazi, bangabhalisela izinsizakalo, bavule izintambo zocingo, bazame ukuthola imali mboleko, noma benze izindleko ezingagunyaziwe kumakhadi akho, okwenza impilo yakho ibe nzima kakhulu futhi kukuphoqe ukuthi ulwe namabhange nezinhlangano zikahulumeni.

Uma kwenzeka ezinkampanini, ukwephulwa komthetho kungaveza Ikhodi yomthombo, impahla yobuhlakani, uhlu lwamakhasimende, noma iziqinisekiso zangaphakathiLokhu kuholela ekuhloleni, ekusolweni, ekubhujisweni, kanye nomonakalo ovame ukuba yidumela okunzima ukulungisa.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uthola ukuthi idatha yakho iputshukile

Ukuthola ukuthi i-imeyili yakho, amaphasiwedi, noma ikheli le-IP livele ekwephulweni kwedatha kuyakhathaza kakhulu, kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela efanele, kulandela iziqondiso ku- Okufanele ukwenze isinyathelo ngesinyatheloAwukwazi ukususa isizindalwazi esivuvukile, kodwa unganciphisa umthelela futhi wenze ukuhlukunyezwa kwesikhathi esizayo kube nzima kakhulu.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola ukuthi ukuvuza kwenzeke kuyiphi insizakalo futhi uhlobo luni lolwazi oluye lwaphazamisekaIsenzo esihlakaniphile kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi yonke imininingwane oyinike leyo nkampani ingase ibe sengozini, yize ingxenye yayo kuphela okukhulunywe ngayo embikweni wezindaba.

Uma amaphasiwedi ephumile, isinyathelo esisheshayo zishintshe kusevisi ethintekile Futhi kunoma yiliphi elinye ikhasi lapho kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde wasebenzisa khona leyo phasiwedi efanayo noma uhlobo olufanayo. Kwenze ngokushesha okukhulu, ngaphandle kokulibala, ngoba abahlaseli bavame ukusebenzisa ubuthakathaka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Sebenzisa leli thuba ukubuyekeza isigaba sokuphepha kwe-akhawunti bese uhlola ukungena ngemvume kwakamuva, amadivayisi axhunyiwe, kanye nezikhathi ezivulekileUma isevisi ivuma, vala zonke izikhathi ezisebenzayo bese ungena ngemvume kusuka kumadivayisi akho kuphela.

Uma imininingwane yokukhokha igcinwe ku-akhawunti esengozini (amakhadi, ama-akhawunti asebhange, i-PayPal, noma ezinye izindlela zedijithali), udinga ukuyiqapha ngokucophelela. imisebenzi yasebhange kanye nokuthengiselana kwekhadi lakhoNakuba izinsizakalo eziningi zisebenzisa amasango okukhokha angaphandle nangamathokheni, akukubi neze ukuhlola izindleko ezingavamile, futhi uma ubona noma yini esolisayo, khuluma nebhange lakho ukuze uvimbele amakhadi noma ama-akhawunti.

Kunini lapho kunengqondo ukuvala i-akhawunti ehlungiwe?

Umbuzo omkhulu uthi kunini lapho ukushintsha iphasiwedi nokuqinisa ukuphepha kuyeka khona ukwanele, futhi kuba yinto enengqondo. vala i-akhawunti ethintekileAkuzona zonke izimo ezifanayo, kodwa kunezimo eziningana lapho ukuvala kunconywa kakhulu.

Uma kuyisevisi ongasayisebenzisi, kodwa ngaphambilini wayinikeza idatha yomuntu siqu, ulwazi lokukhokha, noma uhlu olukhulu lokuxhumana, isinyathelo esihlakaniphile kakhulu yilesi susa i-akhawunti ngokuphelele uma nje ipulatifomu ivumela. Ukuyigcina ivuliwe kwandisa isikhathi lapho idatha ingadalulwa khona ekuphulweni kwemithetho okusha.

Kunconywa futhi ukucabangela ukuvala lapho isevisi iphazamisekile izehlakalo eziningi zokuphepha Futhi akukho zimpawu zokuthi ufundile kubo. Uma njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuba nokuvuza okusha noma ukusekelwa kungabonakali ngokwenzekile, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi ukwethembana kwakho kulahlekile.

Kuma-akhawunti abucayi kakhulu (i-imeyili eyinhloko, izinkundla zokuxhumana ozisebenzisayo ngobungcweti, ukubhanga ku-inthanethi, isitoreji samafu) ungase ungakwazi ukuwavala wonke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kusafanele ucabangele thuthela komunye umhlinzeki uma ukuphathwa kokuhlunga kube kubi.Ngezinye izikhathi umzamo wokushintsha izinsizakalo uyakufanelekela ukushintshaniswa nokuthola ukuthula kwengqondo esikhathini esiphakathi.

Okokugcina, uma i-akhawunti ihlale ihlaselwa yimizamo yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe naphezu kokuthi ivikelwe ngamaphasiwedi aqinile kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinyathelo ezimbili, inketho eyodwa eqinile yile yeka ukusebenzisa lelo kheli le-imeyili njengesihlonzi sakho esiyinhloko bese udala igama eliyimfihlo noma i-imeyili entsha yezinsizakalo zakho ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Indlela yokuthola nokuhlanza ama-akhawunti amadala nangasebenzi

Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi uzovala ini, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini olele kuyo. Ngenxa yalokho, umngane wakho omkhulu ungumuntu umphathi wephasiwedi wesimanjeKungakhathaliseki ukuthi yileyo ezimele noma ehlanganiswe nesiphequluli sakho noma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ivame ukulondoloza ukufinyelela oye wakusebenzisa eminyakeni edlule.

Abaphathi abaningi bafaka imisebenzi yokuhlola ekhombisa amaphasiwedi asetshenziswe kabusha, abuthakathaka, noma adaluliweLolo hlu luyimayini yegolide yokuthola izinsizakalo ongase ungasazisebenzisi noma obungazikhumbuli ukuthi zikhona, futhi manje ezifanele ukubukezwa ngokucophelela.

Uma ungakaze usebenzise umphathi wephasiwedi njalo, elinye isu ukubheka ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo le-imeyili eliyinhloko ukuze uthole imiyalezo enezihloko ezifana nalezi “Siyakwamukela”, “Qinisekisa i-akhawunti yakho”, “Qinisekisa ukubhaliswa kwakho” noma okufanayo. Ngokuvamile kuyizimpawu ezithembeke kakhulu zama-akhawunti amadala owadalile wabe usuwashiya.

Uma usukhonjwe, ngena ngemvume kulawo ma-akhawunti bese uhlola ukuthi angakhetha yini susa noma uvale unomphela iphrofayiliUma bekunikeza, yisebenzise. Uma bekuvumela ukuthi uyikhubaze okwesikhashana, cabanga ukuthi iyakufanelekela yini noma ungathanda ukuqhubeka usebenzisa amalungelo akho okuvikela idatha (uma ekhona).

Ukuze uthole izinsizakalo ezingavamile, ungabheka izinkomba ezifana nalezi Vele Ususe Mina, lapho imiyalelo enemininingwane ihlanganiswa khona ku Indlela yokususa ama-akhawunti kupulatifomu ngayinyenoma uma kungenakwenzeka ukukwenza kusuka kuwebhusayithi ngaphandle kokuvula ithikithi lokusekela.

Buyekeza ukungena ngemvume okuxhunywe ku-Google, Apple, Facebook, kanye ne-Microsoft

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukungena ngemvume ngama-akhawunti avela kubahlinzeki abakhulu sekuthandwa kakhulu (inkinobho evamile "yokungena"). “Qhubeka ne-Google, i-Apple, i-Facebook noma i-Microsoft”Kulula, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi ugcina unezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi nezinsizakalo ezixhunywe kuleyo phrofayela efanayo.

• En I-GoogleNgaphakathi kwezilungiselelo ze-akhawunti yakho, uzothola isigaba esibizwa ngokuthi "Izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinsizakalo zezinkampani zangaphandle ezinokufinyelela ku-akhawunti yakho." Lapho uzobona zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu nezeselula ozigunyazile ukusebenzisa iphrofayela yakho ye-Google, futhi ungahoxisa ukufinyelela kwalezo ongazange uzisebenzise eminyakeni eminingi.
• En I-ID ye-AppleKu-iPhone yakho, i-iPad, noma i-Mac, iya kuzilungiselelo, bese uya kuphrofayela yakho, bese ubheka inketho ethi "Ngena ngemvume nge-Apple". Uhlu lwezinsizakalo ezixhunyiwe luzovela, futhi ungasusa lezo ongasazidingi, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise inani ledatha eyabelwe abantu besithathu.
• En I-FacebookIndlela ihilela ukuya kuzilungiselelo nobumfihlo > izilungiselelo > “Izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi”, ngaphakathi kwesigaba semisebenzi nezimvume. Uzobona ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezixhuma kwi-akhawunti yakho ye-Facebook, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungene ngemvume noma wabelane ngedatha yephrofayela, futhi uzoba nenketho yokususa noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa okungasadingeki.
• En I-MicrosoftKu-akhawunti yakho eku-inthanethi ungabuyekeza izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisa i-akhawunti yakho ye-Microsoft njengendlela yokufinyelela, futhi uma ungazange uzisebenzise isikhathi eside, hlela izimvume noma uzinqamule ngokuphelele.

Okufanele ukwenze uma isevisi ingakuvumeli ukuthi ususe i-akhawunti yakho

Ezweni elihle, ukucindezela inkinobho nje kungasusa lonke ulwazi ohlelweni kanye nama-backup. Empeleni, izinsizakalo eziningi zidala izithiyo, zifihle inketho, noma zimane ziyivimbele. Azinikezi ukusula kwangempela. kwe-akhawunti, ukuvala nje okungabonakali.

Uma ungakwazi ukususa iphrofayela yakho, isinyathelo esilandelayo esingcono kakhulu ukungena ngemvume bese khipha lonke ulwazi olubucayiShintsha igama lakho, ikheli, inombolo yocingo, nanoma yiluphi olunye ulwazi olubonakalayo lube ulwazi olungamanga noma olujwayelekile, bese ususa izithombe, amadokhumenti, kanye nokuthunyelwe okungase kukuxhume kuleyo akhawunti.

Uma kwenzeka uhlu lokuxhumana, amakhalenda, noma ama-ajenda angaphakathi, into ehlakaniphile okufanele uyenze susa labo oxhumana nabo ukuze idatha yabo ingasetshenziswa emikhankasweni ye-phishing yesikhathi esizayo. Ungaqala ngokuzithumela kumphathi wakho wokuxhumana wamanje ukuze ungazilahli, bese uzisusa kusevisi endala.

Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela izingxenye ezifana nokuthi imininingwane yokukhokha, okubhaliselwe okusebenzayo, namakheli okuthumelaSusa izindlela zokukhokha ezigciniwe, khansela ukuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo, futhi ushiye umkhondo omncane ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma isayithi lingakhuthazi ukuzethemba okukhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, shintsha iphasiwedi yakho ibe ukhiye owenziwe ngokungahleliwe, omude kakhulu, futhi oyingqayizivele, bese uvumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi uma kutholakala. Ngisho noma ungaphinde usebenzise i-akhawunti, lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi iphephile. ivikelwe emizamweni yokufinyelela yesikhathi esizayo.

Ilungelo lokususa i-deleasure kanye ne-GDPR: inzuzo eyengeziwe kubahlali be-EU

Uma uhlala ezweni elingaphakathi kweNdawo Yezomnotho YaseYurophu, I-GDPR Ikunikeza amalungelo athuthukisiwe phezu kwedatha yakho, okuhlanganisa ilungelo lokusula noma "ilungelo lokukhohlwa"Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungafuna ukuthi isevisi isuse ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.

Ukuze usebenzise leli lungelo, ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uthintane nodokotela inqubomgomo yobumfihlo yesevisiKufanele bachaze ukuthi ungacela kanjani ukususwa kwedatha, okuhlanganisa ikheli le-imeyili noma ifomu okufanele ulisebenzise. Ezimweni eziningi, kuzodingeka uthumele isicelo esithile, futhi kwezinye izimo, ufakazele ukuthi uhlala e-EU.

Kubalulekile ukungabhali yonke imininingwane ye-akhawunti ngolwazi oluyinganekwane kusengaphambili uma uhlela ukuhamba ngale ndlela, ngoba umhlinzeki angase adinge Qinisekisa ubuwena bakho bangempela ukucubungula ukususwa ngendlela efanele.

Uma inkampani ingayinaki isicelo sakho noma yenqaba ukusebenzisa ilungelo lakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, ungaxhumana nodokotela wakho Igunya Likazwelonke Lokuvikela Idatha (eSpain, i-AEPD) bese ufaka isikhalazo. Kuye ngecala, ungase ube nelungelo lokuthola isinxephezelo.

Nokho, khumbula ukuthi kunezimo lapho inkampani ibophekile ngokomthetho ukugcina idatha ethile, isibonelo, ngezinjongo zentela noma zokubala. Kulezo zimo, ukususwa kungakhawulelwa olwazini oludingekayo kakhulu ngenkathi okunye kuvinjiwe.

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi i-imeyili noma ama-akhawunti akho aphumile

Ayikho i-database yendawo yonke lapho ungasesha khona lonke ulwazi lwakho, kodwa kunezindlela ezikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi ngabe ikheli le-imeyili noma iphasiwedi Eziqondile zivele ezikhaleni ezaziwayo.

Amasayithi afana Ingabe Ngibanjwe I-Pwnednoma izikena zobungozi ezakhelwe kubaphathi bamaphasiwedi ngokwazo, zingakuxwayisa uma Ikheli lakho le-imeyili livela emaqoqweni edatha ahlungiwe.Ezinye izixazululo zezentengiselwano ziphinde ziqaphe ukubonakala kwama-imeyili akho noma amakhadi esikweletu kuwebhu emnyama.

Ngaphandle kwala mathuluzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zomsebenzi ongavamile: ama-imeyili akwazisa ngokungena ngemvume okuvela emazweni angajwayelekile, imiyalezo yokusetha kabusha iphasiwedi ongayicelanga, okuthunyelwe okungajwayelekile kumanethiwekhi akho okuxhumana nabantu, noma okubhaliselwe ongakhumbuli ukubhalisela.

Kuma-akhawunti afana ne-Microsoft, i-Google, noma i-Apple, ungabuyekeza amalogi emisebenzi yakamuva ukuze ubone lapho amadivayisi nezindawo kutholakale khona ukufinyelelaUma uthola into ongayiboni, yimake njengomsebenzi osolisayo bese ulandela inqubo yokuvikela abayinikezayo.

Futhi, uma umhlinzeki omkhulu ememezela ukuvuza futhi ungumthengi, noma ngabe awutholi i-imeyili ethile, yenza sengathi unayo. amathuba anengqondo okuthintwa futhi sisebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha esixoxe ngazo.

Uma uhlanganisa uchungechunge lwemikhuba empilweni yakho yansuku zonke yedijithali (ukubuyekeza njalo ama-akhawunti akho, ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile, ukwenza kusebenze izici zokuphepha ezengeziwe, nokususa amaphrofayela ongasawasebenzisi), ukwephulwa ngakunye kwesikhathi esizayo kuzoba namandla amancane okukuthinta, futhi kuzoba lula kakhulu ngawe ukunquma. Kunini lapho kwanele ukuqinisa i-akhawunti, futhi nini lapho kufanele khona ukuyivala unomphela?.