Umdwebo we-Mollier

I-Mollier Diagram, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-HS noma i-HX Diagram, iyithuluzi elibalulekile lonjiniyela, ochwepheshe kanye nochwepheshe emkhakheni we-thermodynamics nesiqandisi. Lo mdwebo uwumfanekiso oyisithombe okuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo futhi uhlaziye izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi nolunye uketshezi, wenze kube lula ukuqonda izinqubo zokushisa, zokupholisa kanye nokwandisa. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe Umdwebo we-Mollier, ukwakheka kwawo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nendima yawo ebalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga ze-thermodynamic emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yobunjiniyela.

1. Isingeniso somdwebo we-Mollier: Umqondo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza

Umdwebo we-Mollier uwumfanekiso wesithombe ohlobene nezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi, njengezinga lokushisa, i-enthalpy, i-entropy, nokucindezela. Kuyithuluzi eliyisisekelo kwezobunjiniyela, ikakhulukazi embonini yeziqandisi kanye umshini ongenisa umoya, njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo futhi uhlaziye ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo ze-steam.

Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zomdwebo we-Mollier ukubala kwezinqubo zesiqandisi kanye ne-air conditioning. Ngalo mdwebo, kungenzeka ukunquma izakhiwo ze-vapor endaweni ngayinye emjikelezweni wesiqandisi, njengokuhwamuka kanye nokushisa kwe-condensation, ingcindezi nokushisa okudlulisiwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kahle kwamasistimu omoya opholile.

Ukwengeza, umdwebo we-Mollier uyasetshenziswa nasekuhlaziyeni imijikelezo yamandla, njengezinjini zesitimu. Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwalezi zinhlelo ngokubona ngeso lengqondo izinguquko zezakhiwo esigabeni ngasinye somjikelezo, njengokunwetshwa, ukucindezela, ukushisa nokupholisa. Ngokunjalo, iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle kanye namandla okukhiqiza amandla ezinjini zesitimu.

Sengiphetha, umdwebo we-Mollier uyithuluzi elinamandla lokuhlaziya nokuklama izinhlelo ze-steam ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zobunjiniyela. Ikhono layo lokubonisa ngokucacile izici ze-thermodynamic zesitimu livumela ukubala okunembile nezinqumo ezinolwazi ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kahle kwesiqandisi, isimo somoya kanye nezinhlelo zokuphehla amandla. Ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukonga kwamandla nokugwema izinkinga zokusebenza.

2. Izici ze-thermodynamic zimelelwe kumdwebo we-Mollier

I-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi eliyigugu lokuhlaziya i-thermodynamic yezinto ezihlanzekile nezingxube. Kuyo, izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zimelelwe ngezithombe ezisivumela ukuthi siqonde futhi sibale ukuziphatha koketshezi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokushisa nezingcindezi.

Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-thermodynamic ezingatholakala kumdwebo we-Mollier yilezi:

• Izinga lokushisa: I-axis evundlile yomdwebo ihambisana nezinga lokushisa, ngokunyuka okuvamile nokumakiwe.
• I-Enthalpy: I-enthalpy ethile yento iboniswa yi-enthalpy curves njalo. Lawa majika akhombisa inani lamandla ashisayo aqukethwe entweni emazingeni okushisa ahlukene nezingcindezi.
• I-Entropy: I-entropy ethile imelwe yi-entropy curves engashintshi. Lawa majika abonisa ukuhlukahluka kwe-entropy yento njengomsebenzi wokushisa kanye ne-enthalpy.
• Ingcindezi: Imigqa ye-diagonal iboniswa imele ingcindezi emazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Le migqa iwusizo ekunqumeni ukucindezela kwephuzu elinikeziwe kumdwebo.

Umdwebo we-Mollier futhi uhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile kwezinye izici ze-thermodynamic ezifana nokuminyana, umthamo othize, izinga lomhwamuko, nomsebenzi othile. Lokhu kubukwa kwesithombe kuvumela ukubala nokuhlaziya ukuthi kwenziwe kalula futhi ngokushesha, kube lula ukuqonda izinqubo ze-thermodynamic kanye nokusebenza kwazo kwezobunjiniyela.

3. Isakhiwo kanye nezakhi zomdwebo we-Mollier

Imidwebo ye-Mollier ingamathuluzi anemifanekiso asetshenziswa emkhakheni we-thermodynamics ukumela izici ze-thermodynamic zento, njengokucindezela, izinga lokushisa, kanye ne-enthalpy. Le midwebo iwusizo ikakhulukazi kubunjiniyela bezinqubo, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo ngokushesha nangokunembile futhi uhlaziye ukuziphatha koketshezi ngesikhathi senqubo.

Isakhiwo somdwebo we-Mollier sakhiwe izimbazo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-eksisi eqondile imelela i-enthalpy, ilinganiswa ngamakhilojuli ngekhilogremu (kJ/kg), kanti i-eksisi evundlile imelela izinga lokushisa, likalwa ngamadigri Celsius (°C) noma i-Kelvin. K). Ngokungeziwe kulawa ma-ax, umdwebo uhlanganisa amajika okugcwalisa, amajika omugqa wokucindezela njalo, kanye namajika omugqa wevolumu aqondile.

Izakhi ezibalulekile zomdwebo we-Mollier zihlanganisa imigqa yokugcwala, emele umhwamuko ogcwele kanye nezimo eziwuketshezi zento; imigqa yokucindezela okuqhubekayo, emele izifunda lapho ukucindezela kuhlala khona njalo; kanye nemigqa yevolumu ethize engaguquki, emele izifunda lapho ivolumu ethile ihlala ingashintshi. Le migqa isivumela ukuthi sibone futhi silandele izinqubo ezahlukene ze-thermodynamic into engadlula kuzo.

Kafushane, umdwebo we-Mollier uyithuluzi elibalulekile ku-thermodynamics kanye nobunjiniyela bezinqubo. Ukwakheka kwayo kanye nezakhi kuvumela izici ze-thermodynamic zento ukuthi zibonwe futhi zihlaziywe ngokucacile nangokunembile. Ngokuqonda lo mdwebo, onjiniyela bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi bathuthukise izinqubo. ngempumelelo. [ISIXAZULULO SOKUPHELA]

4. Ukuhunyushwa kwamajika nezifunda kumdwebo we-Mollier

Kumdwebo we-Mollier, amajika nezifunda zimelela izici ezihlukene ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi. Ukuze uhumushe la majika nezifunda, kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle incazelo yawo nokuthi ahlobana kanjani.

1. Amajika agcwele amanzi: Lawa majika amelela isimo sokugcwala komhwamuko wamanzi. Ijika lokugcwala komhwamuko owuketshezi libonisa umngcele phakathi kwamanzi awuketshezi nomhwamuko wamanzi, kuyilapho ijika lokugcwala komhwamuko oqinile libonisa umngcele phakathi kweqhwa nomhwamuko wamanzi. Lawa majika awusizo ekunqumeni isimo sokuhlanganisa amanzi njengomsebenzi wokucindezela kwawo kanye nezinga lokushisa.

2. Amajika okushisa angashintshi: Lawa majika amelela amazinga okushisa ahlukene kuMdwebo we-Mollier. Ziyimigqa evundlile exhuma amaphuzu ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo futhi isivumela ukuba sinqume izinga lokushisa lephuzu elinikeziwe kumdwebo. Isibonelo, uma sinephuzu kumdwebo bese sidweba umugqa ovundlile ukusuka kulelo phuzu kuze kube yilapho unqamula ijika lezinga lokushisa elingashintshi, singanquma izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo.

3. Amajika e-Adiabatic namajika e-isothermal: Amajika e-Adiabatic amelela inqubo yokwandisa noma ukucindezelwa koketshezi ngaphandle kokudlulisa ukushisa. Lawa majika awusizo ekuhlaziyeni ukuziphatha koketshezi kumasistimu e-adiabatic. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amajika e-isothermal amelela inqubo ekushiseni okungaguquki futhi asetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya izinhlelo lapho izinga lokushisa lihlala lingashintshi.

Kafushane, i-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lokuhlaziya i-thermodynamic yomhwamuko wamanzi. Ngokuhumusha amajika nezifunda kulo mdwebo, singakwazi ukunquma izici ezibalulekile zamanzi njengezimo zawo zokuhlanganisa, izinga lokushisa, nokuziphatha ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene ze-thermodynamic. Kubalulekile ukuqonda incazelo nobudlelwano phakathi kwala majika nezifunda ukuze usebenzise kahle leli thuluzi ekuhlaziyeni izinhlelo zomhwamuko wamanzi.

5. Ukubalwa kwezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic kusetshenziswa i-Mollier Diagram

Uma kuziwa ekubaleni izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic, i-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi elisebenza kahle kakhulu. Lo mdwebo wesithombe umele izici zesitimu esigcwele, amanzi agcwele, nezingxube zamanzi esitimu kugrafu eyodwa. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone kalula ubudlelwano phakathi kwengcindezi, izinga lokushisa, i-enthalpy kanye ne-entropy, okusiza ukubalwa kwezakhiwo ezinqubweni ze-thermodynamic.

Ukusebenzisa umdwebo we-Mollier ngendlela efanele, kubalulekile ukulandela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo. Okokuqala, isimo se-thermodynamic sesistimu yesithakazelo kufanele sibonakale, okungukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-steam egcwele, amanzi agcwele noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Uma usuhlonziwe, umugqa oqondile udwetshwa kumdwebo odlula esimweni esishiwo se-thermodynamic.

Kungase kusetshenziswe amasu ahlukene ukuze kunqunywe izici ezifiselekayo ze-thermodynamic. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa umthetho we-trapezoid ukubala ushintsho ku-entropy phakathi kwezifunda ezimbili ezithile. Ukwengeza, kungenzeka ukubala i-enthalpy usebenzisa ifomula ethize ye-enthalpy kanye nezakhiwo ezaziwayo. Kuzo zonke izimo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ufunda kahle izixhumanisi kuMdwebo we-Mollier futhi usebenzise izibalo ezifanele namafomula ukuze ubale izakhiwo ezifiselekayo.

6. Ukuhlaziywa kwemijikelezo yesiqandisi kanye nokucindezelwa komhwamuko ngomdwebo we-Mollier

Kuyithuluzi eliyisisekelo kubunjiniyela be-thermodynamic. Lo mdwebo usivumela ukuthi sibonise ngokucacile izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zento futhi sibone ngeso lengqondo izinqubo ezahlukene ezenzeka kumjikelezo wesiqandisi noma wokucindezela umhwamuko.

Ukwenza ukuhlaziya ngomdwebo we-Mollier, kuyadingeka ukuba nedatha efana nezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye nezakhiwo ezithile zesiqandisi noma umhwamuko endaweni ngayinye yomjikelezo. Uma usunale datha, ungahlela imigqa yenqubo kumdwebo usebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo, njengemithetho yokuhlela noma izinhlelo zokulingisa.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhumusha umdwebo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izici ezifanele ze-thermodynamic, njenge-enthalpy, i-entropy, izinga lokushisa nokucindezela, kufanele zihlonzwe endaweni ngayinye emjikelezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukubala nokuhlaziya ukusebenza komjikelezo, usebenzisa amafomula we-thermodynamic nobudlelwano. Lokhu kuhlaziya kusivumela ukuthi sihlole ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwandisa ukwakheka kweziqandisi namasistimu okucindezela umhwamuko.

7. Ukusetshenziswa komdwebo we-Mollier ekwakhiweni kwesimo somoya kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya

I-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi eliyisisekelo ekwakhiweni kwe-air conditioning kanye ne-air conditioning systems. Ivumela izici ze-thermodynamic zomoya ukuthi zimelelwe ngezithombe, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye nevolumu ethile, okubalulekile ekuhlaziyeni nasekubalweni kwalezi zinhlelo.

Ukusebenzisa umdwebo we-Mollier ngempumelelo, udinga ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile. Okokuqala, kufanele kukhonjwe isimo somoya se-thermodynamic, okungukuthi, izakhiwo zayo izici ezithile ezifana nezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ohlobene. Ube usuthola leli phuzu kumdwebo ngokudweba umugqa oqondile phakathi kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomugqa ovundlile phakathi komswakama ohlobene.

Uma iphuzu litholakala ku-Mollier Diagram, ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ze-thermodynamic zingatholakala, njenge-enthalpy nomthamo wokushisa womoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdwebo uvumela ukunquma izinqubo zokupholisa nokushisa, kanye nokusebenza yamadivayisi air conditioning kanye air conditioning. Kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuklama nokwenza kahle kwalezi zinhlelo, njengoba linikeza ukumelwa okucacile nokunembe kwezithombe zezakhiwo zomoya ezimeni ezahlukene.

8. Ukusetshenziswa komdwebo we-Mollier embonini yamakhemikhali nezinqubo

I-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi elisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali nenqubo ngenxa yekhono layo lokubonisa ngokucacile izici ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi. Lokhu kuvezwa okubonakalayo kusiza ukuchazwa nokuhlaziywa kwezinqubo ezihlukene zokupholisa, ukushisisa kanye nokuhwamuka.

A kwezicelo Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu koMdwebo we-Mollier kusekulingiseni nasekuklanyweni kweziqandisi kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya. Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi unqume izakhiwo zesiqandisisi ngamaphuzu ahlukene emjikelezweni wesiqandisi, okwenza kube lula ukukhetha izingxenye ezifanele nokubala ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu.

Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile komdwebo we-Mollier kusekuhlaziyeni nasekusetshenzisweni kahle kwezinqubo zokuhwamuka. Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi unqume inani lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze kuhwamuke inani elithile lamanzi kanye nokusebenza okushisayo kwenqubo. Ukwengeza, i-Mollier Diagram isetshenziswa ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle kwezishintshi zokushisa kanye nokubonakala kwezinqubo zokushisa nokupholisa.

Kafushane, Umdwebo we-Mollier udlala indima ebalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali nezinqubo, njengoba uvumela izici ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi zimelelwe ngezithombe futhi wenze kube lula ukulingisa, ukuklanywa nokuhlaziywa kwezinqubo ezihlukene zokupholisa, ukushisisa kanye nokuhwamuka. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle nasekukhetheni izingxenye ezifanele kufakazele ukuthi kuwusizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo zezimboni.

9. Amathuluzi nesofthiwe yokumelela nokubala ngomdwebo we-Mollier

Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola amathuluzi ahlukene kanye nesofthiwe etholakalayo yokumelwa nokubala ngomdwebo we-Mollier. Lawa mathuluzi abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelwa okunembile nokusebenza kahle kwedatha ye-thermodynamic kulo mdwebo.

Elinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu isoftware yokumela i-Mollier Diagram, njengohlelo lwe-XSteam. Le softhiwe inikeza ububanzi obubanzi bemisebenzi nezici zokuhlela nokubala izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic. Ngokufaka nje amanani, ungahlela ngokuzenzakalelayo imigqa yezakhiwo kumdwebo bese wenza izibalo ezisheshayo.

Ngaphezu kwesofthiwe ekhethekile, kukhona nezinye izinsiza eziwusizo zokusebenzisa umdwebo we-Mollier. Izincwadi eziningi ze-thermodynamics kanye nezincwadi zezobuchwepheshe zihlanganisa imidwebo yokuhlukanisa izinto nezinqubo ezahlukene. Le midwebo ingaba ireferensi ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa kanye nomklamo wokushisa, umoya, umoya wokushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokuqandisa. Ukwengeza, ku-inthanethi, ungathola okokufundisa, izibonelo, neziqondiso zabasebenzisi ukuze uthole okuningi ekumeleleni nokubala ngomdwebo we-Mollier.

10. Izinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yokusebenzisa i-Mollier Diagram kwezobunjiniyela

I-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi lobunjiniyela eliyisisekelo elivumela ngokusobala ukumela izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi namanye amagesi. Lokhu kuvezwa kwesithombe kwenza kube lula ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihlobene nemijikelezo yesiqandisi, izinjini zesitimu, ama-compressor nezinye izinhlelo ze-thermodynamic.

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa Umdwebo we-Mollier ukuthi unikeza ukubonwa okucacile nokufingqiwe kwezakhiwo zomhwamuko wamanzi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlaziywa kwezinqubo ze-thermodynamic. Ukwengeza, ivumela ukukhonjwa kalula komhwamuko ogcwele, umhwamuko oshisa kakhulu, uketshezi olucindezelwe, nezindawo eziwuketshezi ezigcwele, okwenza ukutolika kwedatha kube lula.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa komdwebo we-Mollier nakho kunemikhawulo ethile. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa kuphela kumagesi alungile noma cishe afanelekile, akhawulela ukusebenza kwawo ezinhlelweni zangempela ezinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunemba kwemiphumela etholiwe kuncike kakhulu ekunembeni kwedatha esetshenziselwa ukwakha umdwebo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi oluthembekile nolwakamuva. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi umdwebo awunikezi izixazululo eziqondile ezinkingeni thermodynamics, kodwa isebenza njengethuluzi elisekela ukuhlaziya nokuchazwa kwemiphumela. Kafushane, ukusetshenziswa komdwebo we-Mollier kwezobunjiniyela kunikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu mayelana nokubonwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic, kodwa kudinga ukuqonda okwanele kwemikhawulo yayo kanye nokunemba kwedatha esetshenzisiwe.

11. Izibonelo nezibonelo ezingokoqobo ezinomdwebo we-Mollier

Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola izehlakalo ezimbalwa kanye nezibonelo ezisebenzayo sisebenzisa umdwebo we-Mollier. Lezi zibonelo zezifundo zizosivumela ukuthi siqonde ukuthi singawusebenzisa kanjani lo mdwebo ezimeni zangempela futhi ukuxazulula izinkinga okuqondile.

Esifundweni ngasinye, sizohlinzeka a Igxathu emvakwe gxathu inemininingwane yokuthi ingaxazululwa kanjani inkinga kusetshenziswa umdwebo we-Mollier. Sizochaza imiqondo eyinhloko namafomula adingekayo, kanye namathiphu awusizo namasu okwenza inqubo ibe lula.

Sizophinda sifake izibonelo ezisebenzayo ezizosiza ukukhombisa ukusetshenziswa koMdwebo we-Mollier ezimeni ezahlukene. Lezi zibonelo zizokuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ithiyori ekusebenzeni, nokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani amathuluzi afanele ukwenza izibalo nokuhlaziya okunembile.

12. Ukuqhathaniswa phakathi komdwebo we-Mollier nezinye izethulo eziyizithombe zezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic

Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuhlaziya izinqubo ze-thermodynamic. Nakuba umdwebo we-Mollier usetshenziswa kabanzi futhi uqashelwa embonini, kukhona ezinye izethulo ezinemifanekiso ezingaba usizo ngokulinganayo futhi zifaneleke ezimweni ezahlukene.

Okunye okugqamile koMdwebo we-Mollier yikhono lawo lokukhombisa izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zezinto ezihlukene kugrafu eyodwa. Lokhu kuvezwa kwenza kube lula ukubona ngeso lengqondo izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-thermodynamic futhi kuvumela ukuhlaziya okusebenza kahle kakhulu. Nokho, kukhona ezinye izethulo eziyizithombe ezifana namagrafu e-PT (i-pressure-temperature) kanye namagrafu we-Ts (temperature-entropy) aphinde anikeze ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zento.

Amashadi e-PT awusizo ikakhulukazi ekuboneni ngeso lengqondo nasekuhlaziyeni izinguquko kungcindezi namazinga okushisa ento njengoba idlula kunqubo ye-thermodynamic. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amagrafu e-Ts awusizo ekuqondeni nasekuhlaziyeni izinguquko kuzinga lokushisa kanye ne-entropy yento ezigabeni ezihlukene zenqubo ye-thermodynamic. Lezi zethulo zezithombe zingahambisana nomdwebo we-Mollier, zinikeze umbono owengeziwe ongase ube ofanele ezimweni ezithile.

13. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo komlando we-Mollier Diagram kanye nokufaneleka kwawo ku-thermodynamics yamanje

Umdwebo we-Mollier, owaziwa nangokuthi umdwebo we-hs, iyithuluzi lokuqhafaza elisetshenziswa kakhulu ku-thermodynamics ukumela izici ze-thermodynamic zomhwamuko wamanzi. Kanye yomlando, lo mdwebo uthuthukile ukuze uvumelane nezidingo zonjiniyela nososayensi ocwaningweni lwamandla nemijikelezo yokupholisa.

Ukuhambisana koMdwebo we-Mollier kusekhonweni lawo lokubonisa ngokubukeka izici ze-thermodynamic zamanzi kanye nomhwamuko wawo phezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zezingcindezi namazinga okushisa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuhlaziyeni amandla nezinhlelo zokupholisa, lapho umhwamuko wamanzi udlala indima ebalulekile. Umdwebo unikeza ukumelwa okucacile nokunembayo kwezakhiwo ezifana ne-enthalpy, i-entropy, izinga lokushisa kanye nevolumu ethile, okuvumela ukubalwa kwe-thermodynamic kanye nokuhlaziya indlela ephumelelayo.

Ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwawo komlando, Umdwebo we-Mollier uhlanganise ukuthuthukiswa nezici ezintsha ezizosetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ngokufaka ama-saturation curves, kungenzeka ukukhomba ngokushesha futhi kalula ukuthi into isesimweni segesi noma i-liquid-vapor. Ukwengeza, ukumelwa okunemifanekiso kwamandla kanye nemijikelezo yokupholisa kumdwebo kusiza ukuhlaziya ukusebenza kahle kanye nezinqubo ze-thermodynamic.

Kafushane, i-Mollier Diagram iyithuluzi eliyisisekelo ku-thermodynamics yamanje ngenxa yekhono layo lokumela izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zamanzi kanye nomhwamuko wawo ngokubukeka nangokunembile. Ukuziphendukela kwayo ngokomlando kuye kwayivumela ukuba ivumelane nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kwayo nokwenza lula ukucwaninga nokuklama kwamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa. Ukusebenzisa lo mdwebo ekuhlaziyeni kwe-thermodynamic kunikeza indlela ephumelelayo yokulinganisa nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo ze-thermodynamic.

14. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo kanye nentuthuko ehlobene ne-Mollier Diagram

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokwanda okuphawulekayo ocwaningweni oluhlobene noMdwebo we-Mollier kanye nokusebenza kwawo emikhakheni eyahlukene yobunjiniyela. Ngokukhulayo, ochwepheshe abavela ezindaweni ezahlukene bayakubona ukubaluleka kwalo mdwebo ekuhlaziyeni kwe-thermodynamic nokuxazulula izinkinga ezihlobene namandla nokushisa.

Enye yezindawo eziphenywayo ukuthuthukiswa kokuboniswa kanye nokumelwa kwezithombe zoMdwebo we-Mollier. Abacwaningi bakha amathuluzi nesofthiwe evumela ukumelwa okunembile nokunobungane komdwebo, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula ukuqonda kwawo nokusebenzisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luyenziwa ukuze kwandiswe isizindalwazi itholakala ku-Mollier Diagram. Idatha yokuhlola iyaqoqwa futhi ihlaziywe ngaphansi kwezimo nezinto ezihlukene, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokuhunyushwa kanye nokwengezwa okwenziwa kumdwebo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emikhakheni efana ne-air conditioning nesiqandisi, lapho kudingeka khona ukunemba okukhulu ekubonisweni kwezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zoketshezi.

Kafushane, bagxile ekuthuthukiseni ukumelwa kwabo kwezithombe, ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi okusekela nesofthiwe, kanye nokwandisa imininingwane egciniwe etholakalayo. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuzosiza ukwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa nokuqonda ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zobunjiniyela.

Sengiphetha, umdwebo we-Mollier uzimise njengethuluzi eliyigugu emkhakheni we-thermodynamics nobunjiniyela. Ukumelwa kwayo okuyingcaca kwezakhiwo zamanzi nomhwamuko wamanzi kumjikelezo we-thermodynamic kuvumela ukuhlaziya okuphelele kwezifunda nezinqubo ezihilelekile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudlulela ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kahle kwezimo zomoya kanye nezinhlelo zesiqandisi kuya ekuhlolweni kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono layo lokubona ngokucacile nangokufingqiwe izakhiwo ze-thermodynamic zamanzi nomhwamuko wamanzi kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu konjiniyela nososayensi ekuxazululeni ukudluliswa kokushisa nezinkinga zenjini eshisayo.

Umdwebo we-Mollier unikeza ukumelwa okuyisithombe okwenza kube lula ukuchazwa kwedatha futhi kusize ukuthathwa kwezinqumo ekwakhiweni, ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwezinhlelo zamandla. Ukuphatha nokuqonda kwayo okufanele kusho ulwazi olujulile lwezakhiwo ze-thermodynamic kanye nezimiso eziyisisekelo ze-thermodynamics.

Kafushane, umdwebo we-Mollier uvele njengethuluzi eliyisisekelo ekuhlaziyeni nasekuklanyweni kwezinhlelo ze-thermodynamic, unikeza umbono ocacile futhi onembile wezakhiwo zamanzi nomhwamuko wamanzi emjikelezweni we-thermodynamic. Ikhono layo lokubona ngeso lengqondo nokuhlaziya izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi liyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile embonini nasocwaningweni, okuvumela ukwenziwa ngcono kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zamandla.