Umehluko phakathi kwe-chloride ne-chlorate

Ayini ama-chloride nama-chlorate?

Ama-Chloride nama-Chlorate yizinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali eziqukethe ama-athomu e-chlorine. I-Chlorine iyi-halogen eyingxenye yeqembu le-17 lethebula le-periodic, elaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kabusha kwamakhemikhali.

Ama-chloride ama-salts akha lapho i-chlorine ihlangana nensimbi noma i-cation ukuze ithole i-ionic compound. Ezinye izibonelo Ama-chloride avamile i-sodium chloride (NaCl), i-calcium chloride (CaCl₂) kanye ne-ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-chlorate amasawoti ane-oksijini aqukethe i-chlorine esimweni sayo esiphezulu se-oxidation. Ama-Chlorate akhiqizwa nge-oxidation ye-chloride ene-oxidizing ejenti enamandla, njenge-sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Izibonelo zama-chlorate yi-potassium chlorate (KClO₃) kanye ne-sodium chlorate (NaClO₃).

Umehluko phakathi kwe-chloride nama-chlorate

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-chloride nama-chlorate usekuhlanganiseni kwawo kwamakhemikhali. Nakuba ama-chloride angusawoti aqukethe kuphela i-chlorine nenye i-elementi eyinsimbi noma i-cation, ama-chlorate amasawoti anomoya-mpilo aqukethe i-chlorine esimweni sayo esiphezulu se-oxidation.

Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali

Ama-Chloride ayizinto eziqinile ezicwebezelayo ezimhlophe noma ezingenambala ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika kanye nephuzu elibilayo. Ziyakwazi ukuncibilika emanzini futhi zine-conductivity kagesi ephezulu kusisombululo esinamanzi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama- chlorate ayizinto eziqinile eziyikristale ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi ezibola lapho kushisa ukuze zikhiphe umoya-mpilo. Ziyakwazi ukuncibilika emanzini futhi zine-conductivity kagesi ephezulu kusisombululo esinamanzi.

Usos y aplicaciones

Ama-chloride asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali ukukhiqizwa kwe-chlorine, i-sodium hypochlorite, izibulala-zinambuzane nemikhiqizo yokudla. Asetshenziswa futhi njengama-reagents kukhemikhali ephilayo nanjengama-electrolyte kumabhethri.

Ama-Chlorate asetshenziswa ku-pyrotechnics ukukhiqizwa kweziqhumane namarokhethi. Zibuye zisetshenziswe njengemithombo ye-oxygen ekwelapheni kwezokwelapha kweziguli ezinezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Isiphetho

Kafushane, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-chloride nama-chlorate usekubunjweni kwawo kwamakhemikhali kanye ezindaweni zabo ngokomzimba namakhemikhali. Nakuba zihlobene nezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kuhlukile.

• I-Chloride: Usawoti owakha lapho i-chlorine ihlangana nensimbi noma i-cation
• I-Chlorate: Usawoti onomoya-mpilo oqukethe i-chlorine esimweni sawo esiphezulu se-oxidation
• I-Chloride: Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-sodium hypochlorite, izibulala-zinambuzane, imikhiqizo yokudla namabhethri
• I-Chlorate: Isetshenziswa ku-pyrotechnics nasekwelashweni kweziguli ezinezinkinga zokuphefumula