Iphutha elithi “Indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali” lapho ufinyelela enye i-PC: Uyilungisa kanjani i-SMB ku Windows 11

Nini Windows 11 ibonisa isexwayiso esithi "Indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali" uma uzama ukuvula ifolda eyabelwe kwenye ikhompuyutha, ungase uzizwe uvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Eqinisweni, lo mlayezo usho ukuthi isistimu ayikwazi ukuthola insiza ozama ukuyifinyelela nge-SMB, ngenxa yenethiwekhi, izimvume, amasevisi, noma inkinga yokulungiswa kwegama. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kunembangela enengqondo nekhambi elihlelekile.

Kulo mhlahlandlela, nginikeza umhlahlandlela ocacile futhi osebenzayo wokukhomba ukuthi yini engalungile nokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani Windows 11, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi ngokuzulazula. Sizofaka ukuhlola okusheshayo, izilungiselelo zokwabelana, amasevisi kanye ne-firewall, i-DNS/NetBIOS, izinguqulo ze-SMB, izimvume, nemiyalo yokuxilonga. suka kokuyisisekelo uye kokuqondileAke sifunde konke mayelana iphutha elithi “Indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali” lapho ufinyelela enye i-PC.

Isho ukuthini ngempela "indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali" (0x80070035)?

Leli phutha livela lapho iWindows ingakwazi ukufinyelela noma ukubona insiza yenethiwekhi oyicacisayo (isibonelo, \\COMPUTER\Folder). Lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yokuthi enye ikhompuyutha ivaliwe, i-firewall iyayivimba, igama alixazululi, isevisi yeseva ye-SMB ayisebenzi, noma kukhona ukungafani kwenguqulo ye-SMB. IWindows ayikwazi ukuthola indlela ngenxa yokuvinjwa kokufinyelela noma ukulungiswa.

Yize umlayezo ujwayelekile, uvamise ukungena ezigabeni ezine: ukuxhumana (ikhompyutha yesilawuli kude ayiphenduli), ukutholwa nokuqamba amagama (akuxazululi \\NAME), amasevisi nezimbobo (i-SMB ivinjiwe noma imisiwe), kanye nezimvume/imininingwane (awunawo amalungelo okungena ngemvume). faka uphawu esigabeni.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi i-SMB ngokuyinhloko isebenza phezu kwembobo ye-TCP 445 futhi, ezindaweni ezindala, ingase isebenzise i-NetBIOS (izimbobo 137-139). Uma lezi zimbobo zihlungwa ngohlelo lokuvikela, iklayenti ngeke likwazi ukufinyelela iseva yefayela. 445 evulekile lapho uya khona ibalulekile.

Okokugcina, Windows 11 ibeka phambili i-SMB 2/3 futhi ikhubaza i-SMB 1.0 ngokuzenzakalelayo (ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha). Amadivayisi amadala noma i-NAS esekela kuphela i-SMB 1 ingabangela ukungahambisani. sebenzisa i-SMB2/3 futhi ugweme i-SMB1.

Amasheke asheshayo akhipha okusobala

Ngaphambi kokuthi uthinte izilungiselelo ezithuthukile, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola okuyisisekelo. Nakuba zingase zizwakale ziyisisekelo, lezi zinyathelo zilungisa inani elikhulu lezinkinga. izinyathelo ezilula zibalulekile.

• Ingabe enye i-PC ivuliwe, ingenile, futhi ayikho kumodi yokulala? Uma ikhompuyutha ilele, isisetshenziswa siyayeka ukuphendula..
• Ingabe womabili amadivayisi akunethiwekhi efanayo futhi asebenzisa iphrofayela yenethiwekhi eyimfihlo? Kuzilungiselelo > Inethiwekhi ne-inthanethi > Izakhiwo zokuxhuma, khetha inethiwekhi njengeyimfihlo. Iphrofayela Yomphakathi ivimba ukwabelana ngokuzenzakalelayo..
• Hlola ngekheli le-IP: Ku-Explorer, thayipha \\IP\ShareName. Uma ikheli le-IP lisebenza kodwa igama lingasebenzi, inkinga inkinga yokuxazululwa. Lokhu kwehlukanisa ngokushesha i-DNS/NetBIOS ku-SMB.
• I-ping enye idivayisi (ping IP noma i-ping NAME). Uma ingekho impendulo, hlola ukuxhumeka, i-Wi-Fi/Ethernet, nama-VPN. Ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwe-IP, i-SMB ayinandawo engaya kuyo.
• Nqamula okwesikhashana ama-VPN, ama-proxies, noma izihlungi zokuphepha zenkampani yangaphandle ukuze ugweme ukuvinjwa. Ama-VPN amaningi anciphisa ithrafikhi yendawo yaba ngu-445.

Uma lezi zivivinyo eziyisisekelo zehluleka, zilungise kuqala. Uma zisebenza (isibonelo, ufika nge-IP kodwa hhayi ngegama), usuvele unomkhondo ocacile wokuthi ungaya kuphi ngokulandelayo. Ukunciphisa inkinga kusheshisa ukulungiswa.

Vula ukwabelana nokutholakala ku-Windows 11

Ukuze wenze ikhompuyutha ibonakale futhi wabelane ngamafolda, udinga ukuvula ama-toggle amabili: ukutholwa kwenethiwekhi nokwabelana kwefayela nephrinta. Ku-Windows 11, iya kokuthi Iphaneli Yokulawula > Inethiwekhi Nesikhungo Sokwabelana > Shintsha izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe zokwabelana. Vula ukutholwa nokwabelana Kokuyimfihlo.

Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi wabelana ngefolda efanelekile kukhompuyutha yendawo: chofoza kwesokudla > Izakhiwo > Ukwabelana > Ukwabelana Okuthuthukile. Ungavumela ukufinyelela kokufunda noma ukufunda/ukubhala futhi ukukhawulele kubasebenzisi abathile. ukwabelana nezimvume ezifanele.

Ezimweni zasekhaya, kwesinye isikhathi kufanelekile ukukhubaza okwesikhashana "ukwabelana okuvikelwe ngephasiwedi" kulelo phaneli efanayo (kumanethiwekhi athembekile kuphela). Lokhu kuvumela ukufinyelela ngaphandle kwegama lomsebenzisi noma iphasiwedi, kodwa kunciphisa ukuphepha. amanani ukuphepha ngaphezu kokunethezeka.

Ku-Explorer, zama ukufaka umzila we-UNC ogcwele: \\PC-NAME\Kwabiwe noma \\192.168.1.X\Kwabiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukwenza imephu yedrayivu yenethiwekhi ngokuthi "Idrayivu Yenethiwekhi Yemephu" kwenza kube lula ukufinyelela nokuyinakekela. iyunithi emephu inikeza indlela ezinzile.

Amasevisi Abalulekile Nezicishamlilo ze-SMB

I-SMB incike ezinsizeni zesistimu ezimbalwa. Kumasevisi.msc, qinisekisa ukuthi i-"LanmanServer" ne-"LanmanWorkstation" ayasebenza futhi asethwe kokuthi "Autostart." Iseva Esebenzayo kanye Nendawo yokusebenza. Ungaqala ku I-Windows Safe Mode nge-Networking ukuhlola amasevisi uma ucabanga ukuthi ukucushwa okuthile noma isofthiwe ivimba ukuqalisa okuvamile.

Ukuze uthole, hlola: "Isibambi Somhlinzeki Wokutholwa Kwendima (FDResPub)", "Indima Yokutholwa Kwensiza Yokushicilela (FDResPub)", "Iklayenti le-DNS", futhi ngokuzikhethela "Ukutholakala kwe-SSDP" kanye "Nesisingathi Sedivayisi ye-UPnP". amasevisi okuthola anikwe amandla.

Ku-Windows Defender Firewall, iya kokuthi Imithetho Engenayo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi "Ukwabelana Ngefayela Nephrinta (SMB-In)" kunikwe amandla kuphrofayela Eyimfihlo. Uma usebenzisa i-firewall yenkampani yangaphandle, dala umthetho wokuvumela i-TCP 445 kunethiwekhi yendawo. I-445 ivaliwe ivimbela i-SMB.

Uma kunezinqubomgomo eziqinile zokuphepha zenkampani noma amaphrofayili okuvikela, qinisekisa ukuthi ikhompuyutha okuyiwa kuyo ikusegimenti evunyelwe. Kumanethiwekhi aphethwe, umlawuli angase abe nama-subnet ahlukanisiwe. Ukuhlukaniswa kungavimba ukufinyelela.

Igama lekhompyutha, i-DNS ne-NetBIOS: Bavumele bakuthole

Uma \\NAME ingasebenzi kodwa \\ IP iyasebenza, inkinga ukuxazululwa kwegama. Kumanethiwekhi asekhaya, i-DNS noma i-mDNS yomzila ngokuvamile yanele; emahhovisi, i-DNS yesizinda yanele. sula izinqolobane nge-ipconfig/flushdns futhi ucabangele izinketho eziphambili ezifana Bethela i-DNS yakho ngaphandle kokuthinta irutha yakho ukugwema ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.

Sebenzisa i-ipconfig /konke ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uneseva ye-DNS efanele nokuthi awekho amakheli e-IP amadala, amile akhomba kwenye indawo. Uma igama lekhompyutha linezinhlamvu ezingajwayelekile noma lisanda kushintsha, qala kabusha womabili amakhompyutha ukuze ulisabalalise. igama elifanayo kunethiwekhi.

Ezindaweni ezisathembele ku-NetBIOS, ukunika amandla i-“NetBIOS phezu kwe-TCP/IP” kokuthi IPv4 > Okuthuthukile > Izakhiwo ze-WINS kungasiza, nakuba namuhla kuvamile ukuthembela ku-DNS. sebenzisa i-NetBIOS kuphela njengendlela yokugcina.

Uma usola umzila, zama ukubhukha amakheli e-IP nge-DHCP ukuze angashintshi futhi ngaleyo ndlela unciphise ukungqubuzana kwesixazululo. Ungakwazi futhi ukudala ukungena kwasendaweni kokuthi C:\Windows\System32\drivers\njll\hosts ukuze kuhlolwe (okwesikhashana kuphela). ukugcina i-IP kunciphisa ukungqubuzana.

I-SMB in Windows 11: Izinguqulo, Ukuhambisana, kanye ne-SMB1

Windows 11 isebenzisa i-SMB 2/3 ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ikhubaza i-SMB1 ngezizathu zokuphepha. Uma uzama ukufinyelela i-NAS noma idivayisi endala kakhulu engasekeli ngokulambisa i-SMB1, iklayenti izohluleka ngemilayezo efana nokuthi "indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali" noma izifakazelo ezingalungile. buyekeza noma vula i-SMB2/3.

Kuphela uma ingekho enye indlela, ungakwazi ukunika amandla i-SMB1 okwesikhashana Ezicini Ze-Windows: Iphaneli Yokulawula > Izinhlelo Nezici > Vula noma uvale izici ze-Windows > "Usekelo lokwabelana ngefayela le-SMB 1.0/CIFS" (iklayenti). vumela i-SMB1 okwesikhashana kuphela.

Ku-PowerShell, ungabheka isimo: Thola-SmbServerConfiguration kanye ne-Get-SmbClientConfiguration ibonisa ukuthi i-SMB1/2/3 inikwe amandla. I-Set-SmbServerConfiguration -VumelaI-SMB2Protocol $true ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-SMB2/3 iyasebenza kuseva. Qinisekisa izilungiselelo ze-SMB nge-PowerShell.

Elinye iphuzu elibambekayo ukungena kwezivakashi. Windows 11 ibavimba ngokuzenzakalela ngoba abavikelekile. Uma insiza idinga ukungena ngemvume kwezihambeli, kunenqubomgomo (Vumela ukungena kwezivakashi okungavikelekile ku-Lanman Networking), kodwa ayinconywa. sebenzisa ama-akhawunti avikelwe ngephasiwedi esikhundleni sama-akhawunti esivakashi.

Izimvume, ama-akhawunti nemininingwane: kuvumele kudlule kuwe

Ukuze uvule ifolda eyabelwe, udinga izendlalelo ezimbili: izimvume zokwabelana nezimvume ze-NTFS. Uma okunye kwalokhu kwenqaba ukufinyelela, uzobona indlela noma amaphutha okuqinisekisa. umsebenzisi ngokufunda nokwabelana kwe-NTFS.

Uma ufinyelela isistimu kukhompuyutha engaphandle kwesizinda noma ngenye i-akhawunti, isistimu ingase ikufunele igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Sebenzisa Umphathi Wokuqinisekisa (Iphaneli Yokulawula) ukuze udale imininingwane ye-Windows ekhomba \\ PC-NAME ngegama lomsebenzisi lasendaweni lekhompyutha eqondiwe (isibonelo, COMPUTER\\User). ukulondoloza imininingwane kuvimbela amaphutha.

Ukwenza imephu yedrayivu nge-"Map Network Drive" kungaba lula: khetha uhlamvu, namathisela \\COMPUTER\\Kwabiwe, bese ukhetha "Xhuma ngemininingwane ehlukene" uma kusebenza. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-console: net use Z: \\EQUIPO\\Compartido /user:EQUIPO\\Usuario. izimvume zokuhlola idrayivu yemephu nendlela.

Uma yonke into ibonakala ilungile kodwa ungakangeni ngemvume, dala okwesikhashana iqembu elithi "Wonke umuntu" elinezimvume zokufunda kufolda eyabelwe ukuze ukhiphe izinkinga zobunikazi. Uma sekuqinisekisiwe, buyela ekucushweni okuvikelekile. Ukuhlola okuthi "Konke" kucacisa okwesikhashana umsuka.

Imiyalo ewusizo kanye nokuxilonga

Le miyalo izokusiza ukuthi uthole iphuzu eliqondile lokwehluleka futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlanze ukuxhumana okudala okungase kuphazamise. sebenzisa le miyalo ngezimvume.

• ping NOMBRE y ping IP: iqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuyisisekelo. Uma i-ping ngegama ihluleka, cabanga nge-DNS.
• Test-NetConnection -ComputerName IP -Port 445 (I-PowerShell): Hlola imbobo ye-SMB. Uma i-445 ingaphenduli, i-firewall noma umzila unqamula iphaseji.
• net view y net view \\EQUIPO: yenza uhlu lwezinsiza ezitholakalayo. Uma kungabuyiswa lutho, kunenkinga yokubonakala noma yezimvume..
• net use y net use * /delete: Buka futhi ususe ukuxhumana okumile kwemephu. Ukusula izikhathi kuxazulula ukungqubuzana kokuqinisekisa.
• ipconfig /flushdns, ipconfig /registerdns, nbtstat -R: ivuselela izinqolobane zamagama. Kuhle ngemva kokushintshwa kwe-IP noma igama leqembuUma ukuxazulula kwakho izinkinga kwehluleka, ungaphinda ubuyekeze imihlahlandlela ezindabeni ze-localhost kanye nokuxazulula inkinga ku-Windows 11.
• netsh winsock reset y netsh int ip reset: setha kabusha isitaki se-TCP/IP. Kuyasiza uma inkinga iqhubeka ngemuva kokukhipha yonke enye into.

Ungaphinda uhlole Isibuki Somcimbi ngaphansi kokuthi Izicelo Namalogi Wezinsizakalo > Microsoft > Windows > SMBClient/Connectivity kanye ne-SMBServer. Amaphutha athile okuxhumana nawokuqinisekisa avela lapho. buyekeza imicimbi ukuze uthole imikhondo enemininingwane.

Izimo ezijwayelekile: I-NAS, amarutha, ama-VPN, namahhovisi amancane

I-NAS endala (noma ama-TV, amaphrinta asekelwe kudiski) angase adinge i-SMB1 noma izihambeli. Uma ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa, nika amandla iklayenti le-SMB1 okwesikhashana ku-Windows futhi unikeze Inethiwekhi Eyimfihlo ngodonga olukhululekile. uhlela ukuthuthela ku-SMB2/3.

Njengoba ama-VPN esebenza, izilungiselelo eziningi zivimba ithrafikhi eya ku-LAN yendawo ngezizathu zokuphepha. Bheka inketho efana nokuthi "Vumela ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi yendawo" noma unqamule i-VPN ngenkathi ufinyelela insiza. I-VPN ivamise ukuvimba ithrafikhi yendawo.

Kumarutha ane-Wi-Fi client isolation (AP Isolation), amadivayisi angenantambo awakwazi ukubonana. Ikhubaze noma xhuma idivayisi yokwabelana ngekhebula. khubaza ukuhlukaniswa kweklayenti le-Wi-Fi.

Kuma-SMB, ukuhlanganisa Windows 11 namakhompyutha ajoyinwe yi-Azure AD angase adinge ukuqinisekiswa okusobala (i-imeyili yenkampani) noma imininingwane yeseva yefayela lendawo. Uma lokhu kwehluleka nge-akhawunti ye-Microsoft, zama ukudala umsebenzisi wesibuko wasendaweni ngephasiwedi efanayo kuwo womabili amakhompyutha. dala abasebenzisi bezibuko bendawo.

Imikhuba emihle ukuze kungenzeki futhi

Setha amakheli e-IP abhukelwe i-DHCP kumakhompyutha okwabelana ngamafayela, sebenzisa amagama acacile ekhompyutha, futhi ugweme ukuwaqamba kabusha njalo. ukuzinza emagameni nama-IP.

Gcina i-Windows Firewall enemithetho efanele Yephrofayela Eyimfihlo futhi ukhiphe iziqhumane eziyimpinda uma zingabalulekile. Isofthiwe ye-antivirus yenkampani yangaphandle kufanele ihloniphe i-SMB; uma kungenjalo, dala okukhishiwe ku-445 ku-subnet yendawo. gwema ama-firewall ayimpinda.

Buyekeza Windows 11 kanye ne-firmware ku-NAS noma umzila wakho. Izinguqulo zakamuva ze-SMB ziletha ukusebenza nokuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka, futhi zilungise ukungahambisani. Buyekeza i-OS ne-firmware njalo.

Gwema i-SMB1 ngaphandle uma kudingekile, khubaza izimemo ezingaziwa, futhi usebenzise ama-akhawunti avikelwe ngephasiwedi. Bhala ukuthi imaphi amafolda owabelana ngawo nokuthi yiziphi izimvume. Ungasebenzisi kabusha i-SMB1 noma isimemo esingaziwa.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Isixazululo Esisheshayo

• Ukuxhumana kanye nephrofayili yenethiwekhi: i-ping Kulungile, Inethiwekhi yangasese, cha I-VPN ukuvimba. Ayikho i-IP base, ayikho i-SMB.
• Ukutholwa nokwabelana kunikwe amandla; ifolda yabiwe ngempumelelo. Yabelana ngokuhlakanipha.
• Izinsizakalo Zeseva/Indawo Yokusebenzela ziyasebenza; i-firewall ivumela i-445. Vula izimbobo lapho kufanele khona.
• Ukulungiswa kwegama: \\ IP kanye \\ NAME umsebenzi; inqolobane ehlanzekile. Uma i-IP yebo negama elithi cha, hlola i-DNS.
• I-SMB2/3 inikwe amandla; I-SMB1 kuphela uma ingekho enye inketho ekhona futhi okwesikhashana. Ukuhambisana ngaphandle kokudela ukuphepha.
• I-NTFS nezimvume zezinsiza ziqondaniswe; imininingwane egciniwe uma ikhona. Ukufinyelela kunikezwe ukuthi kufanele kube ngubani.

Uma ulandele indlela futhi wahlolwa yi-IP, izinsizakalo eziqinisekisiwe kanye ne-firewall, wahlola ukulungiswa kwegama nezimvume ezilungisiwe, iphutha elithi 0x80070035 ngokuvamile kufanele linyamalale. lapho ukuxhumana, ukutholwa, i-SMB nezimvume ziqondaniswe. Manje uyazi okuningi mayelana iphutha elithi “Indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali” lapho ufinyelela enye i-PC.

Isihloko esihlobene:

Iphutha elithi “Indlela yenethiwekhi ayitholakali” lapho ufinyelela enye i-PC: Uyilungisa kanjani i-SMB ku Windows 11

UCristian Garcia

Uzifela ngobuchwepheshe kusukela esemncane. Ngiyakuthanda ukwaziswa kwamuva kulo mkhakha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuxhumana nawo. Yingakho ngizinikele ekuxhumaneni kumawebhusayithi emidlalo yevidiyo iminyaka eminingi. Ungangithola ngibhala nge-Android, iWindows, iMacOS, i-iOS, iNintendo nanoma yisiphi esinye isihloko esihlobene esifika emqondweni.