- Abantu bahogela ama-microplastics afinyelela ku-68.000 ngosuku, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphakathi njengamakhaya nezimoto.
- Izinhlayiya ezincane zingangena zijule emaphashini futhi zithwale izinto ezinobuthi ziyise kwezinye izitho.
- Imithombo eyinhloko ukucekelwa phansi kwezinto zepulasitiki ezingaphakathi endlini: okhaphethi, izindwangu, amapende, ifenisha nezingxenye zemoto.
- Ochwepheshe batusa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki nezikhala zokungenisa umoya ukuze kuncishiswe ukuchayeka kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona.
Ukuhogela ama-microplastic sekuyingxenye yempilo yethu yansuku zonke., nakuba iningi labantu lingazi nakancane ngakho. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa lokho Lezi zinhlayiya, engabonakali ngeso lenyama, sintante emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo, hhayi endaweni yangaphandle kuphela, kodwa ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi ezindlini, emahhovisi nasezimotweni, lapho sichitha khona isikhathi sethu esiningi.
Ubukhulu benkinga ye-microplastics emoyeni sembulwe kulandela ucwaningo olwenziwa ososayensi eNyuvesi yaseToulouse. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obukwazi ukubona izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, kuvele ukuthi i Inani lama-microplastic esiwahogelayo liphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-100 kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambilini.Kwezinye izimo, Umuntu omdala angaphefumula kufika ku-68.000 microplastic particles ngosuku., isibalo esidlula kude ukuqagela kwangaphambili futhi sigqamisa ukuphuthuma kokubhekana nalesi simo.
Avelaphi ama-microplastic esiwaphefumulayo?
Ama-emitters ayinhloko we-microplastics ezindaweni zasendlini yizinto zansuku zonke esiyisebenzisa nsuku zonke. Okhaphethi, amakhethini, i-upholstery, i-vinyl flooring, ifenisha, izindwangu zokwenziwa, opende ngisho nezingxenye zemoto zepulasitiki Ziyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zikhiphe izinhlayiya ezincane emkhathini wasendlini. Ukuchayeka akunakugwenywa: sichitha cishe u-90% wosuku lwethu sisendlini, lapho umoya omncane uvame ukukhawulelwa futhi ukugxila kwalezi zinhlayiya kungafinyelela amazinga aphezulu.
Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa ithimba labacwaningi, Cishe izinhlayiya ezincane ezingama-528 nge-cubic meter ngayinye zitholwe emoyeni wekhaya., kuyilapho ngaphakathi ezimotweni isibalo sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-2.238 i-cubic meter ngayinye. Ubukhulu balezi zinhlayiya eziningi ngaphansi kwama-micrometer ayi-10, okusho ukuthi bangangena bajule emigwaqweni yomoya, bafinyelele emaphashini futhi bangene emgudwini wegazi nakwezinye izitho.
Iningi lale mfucumfucu livela ekucekeleni phansi noma ukuguga kwezinto zepulasitiki.Izindwangu zokwenziwa ezifana ne-polyester ne-polyamide, ezitholakala ezingutsheni nasezindaweni zokugqoka zezimoto, ziyizici ezibalulekile. Ukushisa, ukungqubuzana, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, nokuchayeka elangeni kusheshisa ukukhululwa kwamapulasitiki amancane. isimo esishubile ezimotweni njengoba ziyizindawo ezincane ezingenawo umoya.
Yiziphi izingozi zempilo ezibekwa yila ma-microplastic?
Nakuba ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lusaqhubeka, Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu zingagwema izinhlelo zokuvikela zemvelo zepheshana lethu lokuphefumula., ihlale ezindaweni ezijulile zamaphaphu futhi ifinyelele kwezinye izitho. Ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi ama-microplastics angakwazi ukuthutha izithasiselo zamakhemikhali eziyingozi ezifana nama-bisphenols, ama-phthalates noma ama-brominated compoundsLokhu kungcola kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukungazali, nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
Kutholwe ama-Microplastic egazini, ebuchosheni, ku-placenta, obisini lwebele yMuva nje, emithanjeni yomuntu kanye nezicubu zamaphaphuNakuba ubungakaziwa ukuthi ungakanani umonakalo owenzekile kubantu, Ubukhulu obuncane kakhulu balezi zinhlayiya kwandisa ingozi yazo., njengoba bekwazi ukweqa kalula imigoqo yezinto eziphilayo.
Izifundo zezilwane zikhombisile ukuthi Ukuchayeka okuqhubekayo kuma-microplastics kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokulimala kumaseli wamaphaphu., futhi ngisho neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezingapheli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi labo abanama-microplastic emithanjeni ethile basengozini enkulu yezehlakalo zenhliziyo.
Unganciphisa kanjani ukuchayeka kuma-microplastics emoyeni
Nakuba okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwama-microplastics, Izinyathelo zingathathwa ukunciphisa ukuchayeka, ikakhulukazi ekhaya nasezimotweni.Phakathi kwezincomo ezisabalele kakhulu yilezi:
- Ventilate amakamelo futhi vacuum uthuli njalo ukususa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe nezinqwabelene endaweni.
- Gwema izindwangu, okhaphethi namakhethini enziwe ngemicu yokwenziwaIzinto zemvelo ezinjengokotini, ilineni, noma uvolo zikhethwa kuzo zombili izingubo zokugqoka nokuhlobisa kwasekhaya.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye kuphela, njengezikhwama namabhodlela, futhi bakhetha izitsha zengilazi noma zensimbi nezitsha, ikakhulukazi zokugcina nokufudumeza ukudla.
Mayelana nezimoto, Ukungena komoya okuhle nokuhlanza njalo kunganciphisa ukugcwala kwama-microplastics. Ukucela ukuhlanza okomile kulethwe ngezikhwama zendwangu ezisebenzisekayo futhi nokuletha izinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha emsebenzini (njengezinkomishi noma izinto zokusika) ezinye izenzo ezincane ezingenza umehluko.
Inselele yomhlaba wonke yepulasitiki kanye nokubaluleka kocwaningo
Ukuhlasela kwe-microplastics kuyisihloko leso ikhathaza kakhulu umphakathi wesayensi nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazweNjengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni wonke kudlula amathani ayizigidi ezingama-400 ngonyaka, futhi ukugaywa kabusha akufinyeleli ku-10%, ngokusho kwe-PAHO. Ngakho-ke, izingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezivumelwano ziyathuthukiswa ukuze kukhawulwe ukwenziwa kwepulasitiki, kukhuthaze ukugaywa kabusha okusebenza kahle kakhudlwana, nokusekela ukuklanywa kwemikhiqizo engangcolisi kangako.
Ochwepheshe bayavumelana ngokubaluleka kokuthi Qhubeka nocwaningo ukuze uqonde izinga langempela lokuchayeka kuma-microplastic nomthelela wawo empilweni yabantu neyemvelo.Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuthola izinhlayiya ezikhulayo, njenge-nanoplastics, kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokuqonda izingozi nokuklama amasu aphumelelayo okuvimbela nokulawula.
Ukumisa ubukhona be-microplastics endaweni yethu, Isibopho somuntu ngamunye neseqoqo sihlala siyisisekelo. Ukwamukela imikhuba esimeme kakhudlwana, ukuhlala unolwazi, kanye nokweseka imizamo yezemvelo kungasiza kancane kancane ukunciphisa ukungcola okungabonakali kodwa okukhona yonke indawo.
Ngingumshisekeli wezobuchwepheshe oguqule izintshisekelo zakhe "ze-geek" zaba umsebenzi. Ngichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yempilo yami ngisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokukitaza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ngenxa yelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Manje sengiqeqeshelwe ubuchwepheshe be-computer nemidlalo yama-video. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ngisebenza ngokubhalela amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezobuchwepheshe nemidlalo yevidiyo, ngenza izindatshana ezifuna ukukunikeza imininingwane oyidingayo ngolimi oluqondakala yiwo wonke umuntu.
Uma unemibuzo, ulwazi lwami lusukela kuyo yonke into ehlobene nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows kanye ne-Android yomakhalekhukhwini. Futhi ukuzibophezela kwami kuwe, ngihlala ngizimisele ukuchitha amaminithi ambalwa futhi ngikusize uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kulo mhlaba we-inthanethi.