Indlela Indiza Ehamba Ngayo

Ukwemuka kwendiza Kuyinqubo inkimbinkimbi futhi ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela okubandakanya inhlanganisela enhle yamathuluzi, amasistimu namakhono abantu. Kusukela ngesikhathi amasondo ephuma emgwaqeni wezindiza kuze kube yilapho efinyelela ukuphakama kohambo, isinyathelo ngasinye sokusuka sibalwa ngokucophelela ukuze sisebenze ngokuphephile nangempumelelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokujulile inqubo ethokozisayo yokuthi indiza isuka kanjani, sicabangela yonke into kusukela ezicini zobuchwepheshe ezibaluleke kakhulu kuya endimeni ebalulekile yabashayeli bezindiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugibela ibhanoyi ekuqinisekiseni ukuhamba kahle. Ingabe usukulungele ukucwila phakathi? emhlabeni zezindiza futhi uthole izimfihlo ngemuva kwalesi prodigy lobuchwepheshe? Hlanganyela nathi kulolu hambo futhi uhambe nathi!

1. Isingeniso sokusuka endizeni: izimiso eziyisisekelo nokucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe

Ukwemuka kwendiza kungesinye sezigaba ezibucayi zendiza, lapho kufinyelelwa khona uguquko phakathi kokuphumula phansi nokundiza emoyeni. Kulesi sigaba, kuzoxoxwa ngezimiso eziyisisekelo kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe okufanele kucatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokusuka kwendiza.

Esinye sezimiso eziyinhloko okufanele sihlale sikhumbula umthetho kaNewton wesenzo nokusabela. Phakathi nokusuka, amandla akhiqizwa izinjini adala ukusunduza okuya phambili, okubuye kube namandla okusabela emuva. La mandla okusabela yiwo avumela indiza ukuthi ithole isivinini futhi iphakame phansi.

Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ubude bomzila wezindiza odingekayo ukuze usuke. Leli banga elidingekayo lincike ezintweni ezifana nesisindo sendiza, isivinini somoya, izinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nokuphakama kwesikhumulo sezindiza. Kubalulekile ukubala kahle lobu bude ukuze uqinisekise ukumuka okuphephile nokushelelayo.

Ngesikhathi sokusuka, okunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kufanele kucatshangelwe, njengokucushwa kwendiza kanye nesistimu yokulawula indiza. Indiza kufanele imiswe ngendlela efanele, ama-flap nama-slats endaweni efanele, futhi igiya lokuhlala lihlehlisiwe. Ukwengeza, abashayeli bezindiza kufanele banake izinkomba zephaneli yokulawula futhi balungise imingcele yendiza njengoba kudingeka.

Kafushane, ukwehla endizeni kudinga ulwazi nokusebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo nokucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda umthetho kaNewton wesenzo nokusabela, ukubala ibanga elidingekayo lokusuka, kanye nokumisa kahle kwendiza. Lezi zici zibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhamba okuyimpumelelo nokuphephile.

2. Ukubaluleka kwesisindo nokulinganisela lapho usuka endizeni

Isisindo nokulinganisela kukhona izici ezimbili okuyisisekelo ekusukeni kwendiza. Isibalo esifanele kanye nokusatshalaliswa komthwalo ebhodini kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusuka okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Isisindo esiphelele sendiza sihlanganisa isisindo sendiza ngokwayo, uphethiloli, umthwalo okhokhelwayo nabagibeli. Kubalulekile ukuthi lesi sisindo siphelele singaphakathi kwemikhawulo esungulwe umenzi kanye nemithethonqubo yamanje.

Ukuze ubale isisindo sendiza, izakhi ezihlukene kufanele zicatshangelwe. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwazi isisindo esingenalutho sendiza, okuhlanganisa isakhiwo, izinjini, izinhlelo kanye nemishini eyisisekelo. Ukwengeza, inani likaphethiloli elidingekayo endizeni kufanele licatshangelwe, kucatshangelwa izindawo ezibekiwe ezidingekayo ngokwezinga. Isisindo somthwalo okhokhelwayo, okungase kuhlanganise izimpahla noma imithwalo, kufanele futhi kwengezwe, kanye nesisindo sabagibeli.

Uma isisindo esiphelele sibaliwe, kubalulekile ukusabalalisa kahle umthwalo endizeni ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi. Imikhawulo yesisindo esiphezulu kufanele ihlonishwe engxenyeni ngayinye, kokubili ezingxenyeni zemithwalo nempahla. Ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo kufanele futhi kucabangele indawo ephakathi kwamandla adonsela phansi endizeni, okumele ibe ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ebekiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwendiza ngesikhathi sokundiza. Uma isikhungo se-gravity sisuswa, kufanele kwenziwe ukulungiswa ekusabalaliseni komthwalo ukuze kulungiswe.

3. Inqubo yokuqala kanye nokulungiselela ukusuka

4. I-thrust system: ukusebenza kanye nendima yakho ekusukeni

I-thrust system iyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokusuka kwendiza. Lolu hlelo lunesibopho sokukhiqiza amandla adingekayo ukuze iqhubekisele indiza phambili futhi inqobe ukumelana ne-aerodynamic. Kulesi sigaba, ukusebenza kwe-thrust system kanye nendima yayo ebalulekile ekusukeni kwendiza kuzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe.

I-thrust system ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izinjini zendiza kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezilawula amandla nokusebenza kwazo. Izinjini zezindiza zingaba zezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengezinjini zejethi noma izinjini ze-turboprop, futhi ukukhetha kwazo kuncike ohlotsheni lwendiza kanye nomsebenzi wayo othize.

Lapho isuka, izinjini zendiza zenza amandla amaningi adonsela phansi, okuvumela indiza ukuba inqobe amandla adonsela phansi futhi ikhuphukele emoyeni. Amasistimu okulawula ama-thrust alawula amandla ezinjini futhi alungise ukusebenza kwawo ukuze avumelane nezigaba ezihlukene zokusuka, njengesilayidi sokuqala sehle ngomzila wezindiza, ukusheshisa nokukhuphuka okuqondile. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-thrust system kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusuka okuphephile nokusebenza kahle.

Kafushane, i-thrust system idlala indima ebalulekile ekususeni indiza, ikhiqize amandla adingekayo ukuze iyiqhubekisele phambili. Izinjini nezinhlelo zokulawula zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zilawule amandla ezinjini futhi zilungise ukusebenza kwazo phakathi nezigaba ezihlukene zokusuka. Ukusebenza ngendlela efanele kwe-thrust system kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhamba okuphephile nokuyimpumelelo.

5. Umzila wokusuka: kusukela ekuqaleni komjaho kuya ekuphakanyisweni kwendiza

Umzila wokusuka uyakhava kusukela ekuqaleni yomjaho kuze kube yilapho indiza isuka phansi. Phakathi nalesi sigaba esibalulekile sendiza, umshayeli wendiza nabasebenzi kufanele balandele izinqubo ezithile ukuze baqinisekise ukusuka okuphephile nokushelelayo. Ngezansi izinyathelo ezilandelwayo ekusukeni okujwayelekile:

1. Ukulungiselela: Ngaphambi kokuqala umqulu wokusuka, umshayeli wendiza kufanele enze uchungechunge lokuhlola endizeni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola amageji abalulekile namasistimu afana neleveli kaphethiloli, umfutho kawoyela, nezilawuli zendiza. Ukwengeza, amalambu okuzulazula nokuxhumana nombhoshongo wokulawula kufanele kubhekwe.

2. ukugijima kokusuka: Uma indiza isilungiswe kahle, umqulu wokusuka uyaqala. Umshayeli wendiza uyayisheshisa, afinyelele isivinini esidingekayo ukuze isuke. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, umshayeli wendiza kufanele agcine indiza igxile kumzila wezindiza futhi alungise noma yikuphi ukuchezuka ngamaphedali okuqondisa.

3. Ukuphakanyiswa kwendiza: Uma indiza isifinyelele isivinini sokusuka, umshayeli udonsa ngesineke isilawuli sekheshi ukuze aphakamise ikhala lendiza. Lokhu kudala ukuphakama okudingekayo ukuze indiza isuke phansi. Njengoba indiza iphakama, umshayeli wendiza kumelwe alondoloze isimo sengqondo esingaguquki futhi agweme ukunyakaza okungazelelwe okungase kuthinte ukuzinza kwendiza.

Kafushane, umqulu wokusuka wuhlelo olubalulekile oludinga ukugxilisa ingqondo nekhono engxenyeni yomshayeli. Kusukela ekulungiseleleni ukuya ekuphakamiseni indiza, isinyathelo ngasinye kufanele silandelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusuka okuphephile nokushelelayo. [END

6. Izici zesimo sezulu kanye nomthelela wazo ekusukeni kwendiza

Kunezici eziningana zesimo sezulu ezingaba nomthelela ngokuqondile ekusukeni kwendiza. Lezi zici kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela futhi zicatshangelwe abashayeli bezindiza ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokusuka. Izimo zezulu zithinta i-aerodynamics yendiza, ukubonakala kanye nokudonsa kumzila wezindiza, okwenza kubaluleke ukucabangela umthelela wazo ekuphepheni kwendiza.

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe umoya. Isivinini somoya kanye nalapho uya ngakhona kungathinta kakhulu ukusuka kwendiza. Izivunguvungu ezinamandla zingenza kube nzima ngendiza ukukhuphuka, kuyilapho imimoya evunguzayo ingase iphazamise ukuzinza lapho isuka. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli bezindiza kufanele bacabangele izimo zomoya futhi balungise isu labo lokusuka ngendlela efanele.

Esinye isici okufanele sikhumbule izimo zokubonakala. Ukubonakala kabi ngenxa yenkungu, imvula enamandla noma iqhwa kungaba yisithiyo ekusukeni okuphephile. Abashayeli bezindiza kufanele bahlole ukubonakala komzila wezindiza futhi baqinisekise ukuthi banokubonakala okwanele ukuze baqondise futhi bagcine i-trajectory ephephile ngesikhathi sokusuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele bacabangele isimo sendlela yezindiza kanye namalambu okuzulazula ukuze baqinisekise ukuma okulungile ebusuku noma ezimweni eziphansi zokubonakala.

7. Umnikelo wezindawo ze-aerodynamic ekusukeni kwendiza

Ama-Airfoil adlala indima ebalulekile endizeni lapho isuka. Lezi zindawo, ezihlanganisa ama-ailerons, ama-flap, nama-rudders, zinesibopho sokukhohlisa nokulawula ukugeleza komoya ozungeze indiza phakathi nokusuka. Njengoba ukusuka kungenye yezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu zendiza, ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zindawo ezingaphezulu zinengxenye kanjani kule nqubo kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni kwendiza.

Okokuqala, ama-ailerons adlala indima ebalulekile ekusukeni. Lezi zindawo ezihambayo, ezibekwe onqenqemeni olulandela ngemuva lwamaphiko, zisetshenziselwa ukulawula i-lateral roll yendiza. Ngesikhathi sokusuka, ama-ailerons abekwa endaweni ephezulu noma phansi njengoba kudingekile ukuze abhekane namandla asymmetric nokugcina ibhalansi efanele.

Ngaphezu kwama-ailerons, ama-flaps nawo adlala indima ebalulekile ekusukeni. Ama-flaps ayizandiso ezitholakala ku- ngemuva lamaphiko avulekayo ngesikhathi sokusuka ukuze andise ukuphakama. Ngokwandisa i-camber yephiko nokunciphisa isivinini esincane sokundiza, ama-flap avumela indiza ukuthi isuke ngesivinini esiphansi namabanga amafushane. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni yezindiza emifushane noma lapho ubhekene nesisindo esiphezulu noma izimo zokuminyana.

Kafushane, izindawo ezisezingeni eliphansi, njengama-ailerons nama-flap, zidlala indima ebalulekile endizeni lapho isuka. Lezi zindawo zivumela ukulawula okunembile kokugeleza komoya okuzungeze indiza phakathi nalesi sigaba esibucayi sokundiza. Kokubili ama-ailerons nama-flap alungisa ibhalansi nokuphakanyiswa kwendiza, okuqinisekisa ukusuka okuphephile nokuphumelelayo ezimweni zendiza ezihlukahlukene. Kubalulekile ukuthi abashayeli bezindiza nonjiniyela bezindiza baqonde ukuthi basebenza kanjani nokuthi lezi zindawo zisetshenziswa kanjani ngendlela efanele ukuze indiza isebenze kahle.

8. Isigaba sokusheshisa nokuzungeza: ukuthi ukusuka kwenziwa kanjani

Isigaba sokusheshisa nokuzungeza siyisigaba esibalulekile ohlelweni lokusuka kwendiza. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, uchungechunge lwezinqubo namasu asetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukusuka. ngokuphephile futhi isebenza kahle.

1. Ukulungiswa kwendiza: ngaphambi kokusuka, ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kwezinhlelo zezindiza ziyenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okufanele. Izilawuli zendiza, izinhlelo zokuxhumana, izinjini nezinye izici ezibalulekile ziyahlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulinganisa umthwalo wenziwa ukusabalalisa isisindo ngendlela elinganiselayo.

2. Ukusheshisa kumzila wezindiza: uma indiza isilungile, ukusheshisa kumzila wezindiza kuyaqala. Abashayeli bezindiza basebenzisa amandla adingekayo ukuze indiza ihambe ngesivinini esidingekayo ukuze isuke. Phakathi le nqubo, isheke lokugcina lamathuluzi nezinhlelo ezisebhodini liyenziwa.

3. Ukuzungezisa nokusuka: lapho isivinini sokusuka sesifinyelelwe, abashayeli bezindiza bazungeza indiza, okungukuthi, batshekisela ikhala phezulu ukuze baphakamise izinto zokumisa phansi. Njengoba indiza ikhuphuka, izilawuli zendiza kufanele zilungiswe ukuze kugcinwe umzila ozinzile. Uma isisemoyeni, iyaqhubeka nokushesha kancane kancane ize ifinyelele isivinini nokuphakama.

Phakathi nesigaba sokusheshisa nokujikeleza, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokucophelela izinqubo ezimisiwe nokugcina ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi kwabashayeli bezindiza nokulawulwa kwethrafikhi yezindiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izimo zezulu nezinye izici ezingase zithinte ukuhamba. Ngokulungiselela kahle kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwezindlela zokusheshisa nokuzungeza, kuzofinyelelwa uhambo oluphephile noluyimpumelelo.

9. Inqubo yokusiza yokusuka: ukusetshenziswa kwe-catapult noma ama-rocket systems

Inqubo yokusuka esizwayo iyisu lokho kusetshenziswa ukuhambisa izindiza ekusukeni kwazo kokuqala. Le nqubo ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasistimu e-catapult noma amarokhethi, anikeza amandla engeziwe aqhubekisela indiza phezulu futhi ayisize ifinyelele isivinini esidingekayo ukuze isuke.

Endabeni yama-catapults, lezi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezithwala izindiza nasezikhumulweni zezindiza ezinomthamo omkhulu wethrafikhi. Indiza ibekwe endaweni eklanywe ngokukhethekile enesistimu yokuqalisa ingcindezi. Uma indiza isimi endaweni, i-catapult iqala ukusebenza futhi inikeze ukusunduza phezulu, ukuyivumela ukuthi isuke ngokuphepha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwamarokhethi nakho kuyinketho yokusuka okusizwayo. Lawa marokhethi angafakwa ngaphansi kwendiza futhi avulwe ngesikhathi sokusuka ukuze anikeze amandla engeziwe. Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zasemkhathini, njengoba zidinga inani elikhulu lokududula ukuze zinqobe amandla adonsela phansi oMhlaba futhi zifinyelele ku-orbit.

10. Ukubaluleka kwesivinini kanye ne-engeli yokugibela ekusukeni

Isivinini kanye ne-engeli yokukhuphuka yizici ezimbili ezibalulekile ezithonya ukusuka kwendiza. Ukubaluleka kwala manani kusekutheni anquma ikhono lendiza ukuvuka nokuhlala emoyeni. indlela ephephile futhi isebenza kahle.

Okokuqala, isivinini sokusuka sibalulekile ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuhlukana okusebenzayo phakathi kwendiza nomzila wendiza osukayo. Lesi sivinini siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwendiza, isisindo sayo nezinye izimo zesimo sezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isivinini esidingekayo sokusuka siyafinyelelwa ngaphambi kokuphakamisa indiza, njengoba kungenjalo ukusuka kungase kube yingozi futhi kubeke engcupheni ukuphepha kwawo wonke umuntu ogibele.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-engeli yokukhuphuka inquma ukuthambekela indiza ekhuphuka ngakho. I-engeli yokugibela efanelekile izovumela indiza ukuthi ithole ukuphakama ngempumelelo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Ezimweni lapho kudingeka khona ukukhuphuka ngokushesha, njengalapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo noma ukugwema izithiyo, kubalulekile ukulungisa i-engeli yokukhuphuka ukuze uzuze ukuphakama okubalulekile ngesikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

11. Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kokukhumula izindiza ezinkulu

Ukuze kusuke indiza enkulu, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukucatshangelwa okuthile okukhethekile okuzoqinisekisa ukuhamba okuphephile nokuphumelelayo. Ngezansi kukhona amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule:

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwethrekhi: Umzila wendiza osukayo kufanele ube sesimweni esikahle sokusekela isisindo nokuphonseka kwendiza enkulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola njalo indawo ukuze kubonakale imifantu, imigodi, nanoma yimuphi omunye uhlobo lomonakalo ongabeka engcupheni ukuphepha lapho isuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umzila wezindiza awunazo izithiyo nokuthi uhlangabezana nezidingo zobude nobubanzi ezisungulelwe uhlobo lwendiza okukhulunywa ngayo.

Ukuhlela nokuxhumana: Ngaphambi kokusuka, kubalulekile ukwakha uhlelo oluningiliziwe olucabangela ubukhulu besisindo sokusuka, izimo zezulu, ubude bendlela yendiza, indawo yendiza kanye nemikhawulo yethrafikhi, phakathi kwezinye izici. Lokhu kuhlelwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokubambisana kakhulu nokulawulwa kwezindiza kanye neminye iminyango ethintekayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba okuphephile nokuhlelekile.

Ukusebenzisa ama-thrust systems afanele: Izindiza ezinkulu zidinga ama-thrust systems anamandla ngenxa yesisindo nobukhulu bazo. Kubalulekile ukuba nemishini efanele kanye nokusebenza kwayo ngendlela efanele. Ukwengeza, umshayeli wendiza kufanele azazi lezi zinhlelo futhi alandele imiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-thrust esebenza ngokufanayo ngesikhathi isuka.

12. Ungakuxhumanisa kanjani ukusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza esinezindiza ezinkulu

Esikhumulweni sezindiza esinezindiza eziningi, ukuxhumanisa ukumuka kwendiza kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza. Ngezansi kunenqubo Igxathu emvakwe gxathu ukuthi lo msebenzi wenziwa kanjani:

1. Ukuhlela kusengaphambili: Isinyathelo sokuqala ukwenza ukuhlela okuningiliziwe kokusuka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukucabangela umthamo wendlela yezindiza, isimo sezulu, imizila yendiza nezikhathi zokusuka. Ukwengeza, imikhawulo yethrafikhi yendiza kufanele icatshangelwe futhi ihlanganiswe nabalawuli bethrafikhi yendiza ukuze kutholwe ukugunyazwa okufanele.

2. Isabelo sesikhala: Lapho ukuhlela sekuqediwe, izindawo zokusuka zizokwabelwa indiza ngayinye. Lezi zikhala yizikhawu zesikhathi ezithile lapho ukusuka kuvunyelwe khona. Ukunikezwa kwezikhala kwenziwa kucatshangelwa ukubaluleka kwendiza ngayinye, okungase kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lwendiza, indawo okuyiwa kuyo kanye nokuba khona kwemizila yendiza. Kubalulekile ukuthi abashayeli bezindiza bahloniphe izikhala abazinikeziwe ukuze bagweme ukubambezeleka kanye nokuminyana emzileni wezindiza.

13. Ukusuka ezimeni eziphuthumayo: izinqubo nezinto ezibalulekile

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokusuka, kubalulekile ukuba nezinqubo ezicacile nezinto ezibalulekile ezichazwe kahle. Ngezansi, izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe ukubhekana nalolu hlobo lwesimo ngokuphepha nangempumelelo zizochazwa kabanzi.

1. Hlola isimo esiphuthumayo: Into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukuhlonza nokuhlola uhlobo lwesimo esiphuthumayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izinkinga zenjini, umlilo ebhodini, ukucindezeleka kwe-cabin, phakathi kokunye. Uma inkinga isihlonziwe, izinqubo ezisungulwe umenzi wezindiza noma inkampani yezindiza kufanele zilandelwe.

2. Thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha: Esimeni esiphuthumayo phakathi nokusuka, isekhondi ngalinye libalulekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokunciphisa ubungozi futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha kwabahlali. Lezi zenzo zingase zihlanganise ukuvala amasistimu kaphethiloli, ukwenza izicishamlilo zisebenze, ukulungisa izilawuli zendiza, ukuxhumana nombhoshongo wokulawula, phakathi kokunye.

3. Beka phambili ukuphepha: Ngesikhathi sesimo esiphuthumayo sokusuka, ukuphepha kuyinto ehamba phambili. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kulandelwe imiyalelo nezinqubo ezimisiwe ukuze kugwenywe ukubeka impilo yabantu abasemkhunjini engozini kanye nokunciphisa umonakalo wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile hlala uzolile futhi senze ngendlela ehlelekile nenesizotha, ngokulandela imiyalelo yomshayeli ophethe indiza.

Sithemba ukuthi lezi zinyathelo nezincomo zizoba usizo uma kwenzeka ubhekana nesimo esiphuthumayo ngesikhathi sohambo. Khumbula ukuthi indiza ngayinye ingaba nezinqubo ezithile futhi kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi noma yenkampani. Uma unemibuzo, kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezokundiza ukuze uthole iseluleko esikhethekile.

14. Ukuhlaziywa kwamacala okusuka ahlulekile kanye nezifundo ezitholiwe

Kulesi sigaba, sizohlaziya amacala okusuka ahlulekile futhi sikhiphe izifundo esizitholile kulelo nalelo. Ngalezi zibonelo, sizothola ukuqonda okujulile kwezinkinga ezingase ziphakame phakathi nokusuka kanye nendlela yokubhekana nazo. ngempumelelo.

Sizoqala ngokuhlola izimo zangempela lapho ukusuka kungazange kube yimpumelelo ngenxa yezici ezinjengamaphutha ekhodi, ukulungiselelwa okungalungile, noma izidingo ezingachazwanga kahle. Sizohlaziya isimo ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe, sihlonze izimbangela bese sigqamisa amaphutha ajwayelekile enziwa kulezi zimo.

Ukwengeza, sizohlinzeka ngezixazululo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kanye nezibonelo ezisebenzayo zokuxazulula inkinga ngayinye. indlela ephumelelayo. Lokhu kuzobandakanya okokufundisa okuningiliziwe, amathiphu awusizo, amathuluzi anconyiwe, nezibonelo zekhodi. Sizoqinisekisa ukuthi isinyathelo ngasinye sichazwa ngokucacile, ukuze onjiniyela bakwazi ukuqonda kalula futhi basebenzise izixazululo ezihlongozwayo. Ekupheleni kokuhlaziywa kwecala ngalinye, izifundo ezifundiwe zizofingqwa futhi uhlu lwamaphuzu abalulekile okufanele lucatshangelwe ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka kokusuka esikhathini esizayo luzonikezwa.

Ukuphetha, ukususa indiza kuyinqubo eyenziwe ngokucophelela ehlanganisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo zobuchwepheshe nezinqubo. Kusukela ekulungiseni phansi kuya ekusukeni kwangempela, isigaba ngasinye sibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe indiza ephephile neyimpumelelo. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwethimba labasebenzi, abalawuli bethrafikhi yasemoyeni kanye nabasebenzi bokulungisa kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe le njongo.

Phakathi nenqubo yokusuka, indiza yenza uchungechunge lwezindlela zokuqondisa izinto, njengokugibela itekisi ibheke emzileni wezindiza osukayo, ukuhleleka okulungile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla enjini, futhi ekugcineni, ukunyukela kancane kancane kwendiza esibhakabhakeni. Abashayeli bezindiza kufanele baqaphele noma yikuphi okwenzekayo, baqaphe njalo amapharamitha endiza futhi balandele imiyalelo nemihlahlandlela yezilawuli zethrafikhi yendiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi ukwehla endizeni akubandakanyi nje izici zobuchwepheshe kuphela, kodwa nezici zokusebenza nezokuphepha. Izinkampani zezindiza kufanele zihambisane nemithetho yezokuphepha yamazwe ngamazwe, zihlole njalo futhi zinakekele izindiza, futhi ziqinisekise ukuqeqeshwa okwanele kwabasebenzi bazo. Lezi zivumelwano ziqinisekisa ukuthi abagibeli bahamba ngokuthula okuphelele kwengqondo nokuzethemba kumasu nokunemba kwendiza ngayinye.

Kafushane, ukwehla endizeni kuyinqubo ecophelelayo edinga ukubambisana nobungcweti babalingisi abahlukahlukene. Kusukela kubasebenzi baphansi kuya kubashayeli bezindiza kanye nabalawuli bethrafikhi yasemoyeni, ngamunye udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuphuleni indiza ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Ukuhlonipha imihlahlandlela yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthathwa ngempumelelo kwendiza kanye nokuthula kwengqondo kwabo bonke abagibeli abagibele.