ISINGENISO:
Ukuthatha izithombe kuwubuciko obuvamise ukuthwetshulwa ngezithombe ezilufifi; inkinga engase ikhungathekise abathwebuli bezithombe, noma ngabe abaqeqeshiwe noma abangafundile. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uchungechunge lwamasu nezindlela ezithile ezikuvumela ukuthi uxazulule le nkinga futhi uzuze izithombe ezibukhali, ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi singagxilisa kanjani isithombe esilufifi, sihlolisisa izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzayo zemiphumela emihle. Kusukela ekulungisweni kwekhamera kuya ekusebenziseni isofthiwe yokuhlela, sizothola amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze siguqule lezo zithombe ezingagxilile zibe izithombe ezinhle ngokubukeka.
Uma ungumuntu othanda izithombe futhi uhlangabezane nezithombe ezilufifi, ungakhathazeki! Hlanganyela nathi kulo mhlahlandlela wezobuchwepheshe nokungathathi hlangothi ozoveza izimfihlo zokugxila ezithombeni zakho nokudala ukwakheka okukhangayo.
1. Isingeniso: Ukubaluleka kokugxilisa kahle isithombe esilufifi
Emhlabeni Ezithombeni, isithombe esilufifi singonakalisa ngokuphelele isithombe esingaphelele. Kodwa-ke, konke akulahleki uma lokhu kwenzeka, njengoba kunethuba lokulungisa ukugxila okungalungile ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene. Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola ukubaluleka kokugxilisa kahle isithombe esilufifi kanye nendlela yokubhekana nale nkinga. Igxathu emvakwe gxathu.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ukugxila kahle esithombeni. Ukugxila okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imininingwane nokucaca kwesithombe kubukhali, okubaluleke kakhulu ezithombeni ezichwepheshile, zokukhangisa noma zobuciko obuhle. Isithombe esilufifi singanikeza umbono wokungenzi kahle noma ukunganaki, okungaba nomthelela omubi ekuboneni isibukeli.
Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kuyasiza ukuba nochungechunge lwamathuluzi namasu esinawo. Kunezinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe ezikuvumela ukuthi ulungise okugxilwe kukho kusuka esithombeni borrosa ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zezandla usebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlela ezifana ne-Photoshop. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulungisa ukucijile, ukunciphisa umsindo, nokwenza izinguquko ezikhethiwe ezindaweni ezithile zesithombe. Ngokuhlanganiswa nezindlela ezifanele zokugxila lapho uthatha isithombe, kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise kakhulu ikhwalithi yesithombe futhi uthole imiphumela emangalisayo.
2. Izinto ezingabangela isithombe esilufifi
Isithombe esilufifi singakhungathekisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuyisikhathi esibalulekile ofuna ukusikhumbula. Ngenhlanhla, kukhona amaningana futhi angaxazululwa ngokulungiswa okuthile namathuluzi afanele.
Enye yezinto eziyinhloko ezingabangela isithombe esilufifi ukungagxili. Uma ikhamera ingagxili kahle esihlokweni esiyinhloko, isithombe esiwumphumela singase sibonakale sifiphele. Ukuze ulungise lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ikhamera isethwe kumodi ye-autofocus futhi isihloko siphakathi nendawo yozimele. Uma ikhamera yakho ivumela ukulungisa ukugxila kwesandla, ungazama ukugxila esihlokweni sakho mathupha ukuze uthole isithombe esibukhali.
Esinye isici esingabangela isithombe esilufifi ukunyakaziswa kwekhamera. Uma usesimweni lapho ungakwazi ukubamba ikhamera ngokuqinile, njengalapho kunokukhanya okuphansi noma lapho uthwebula izinto ezihambayo, isithombe singase sifiphale ngenxa yokudlidliza. Ukuze unciphise lo mphumela, ungasebenzisa i-tripod noma uphumuze ikhamera endaweni eqinile ukuze uzinze. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa isici sokuqinisa isithombe uma ikhamera yakho inaso. Ungakwazi futhi ukulungisa isivinini se-shutter ukuze uthwebule kangcono ukunyakaza ngaphandle kokufiphaza isithombe.
Ukuntuleka kokukhanya nakho kungaba nesibopho izithombe ezifiphele. Ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi, ikhamera ingase ibe nobunzima bokugxila kahle futhi ithwebule imininingwane yesithombe. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, ungakwazi ukwandisa ukuzwela kwe-ISO yekhamera noma usebenzise umthombo wokukhanya owengeziwe, njengokukhanya kwangaphandle noma ukukhanya kwe-ambient. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukugwema ukusebenzisa i-zoom yedijithali, njengoba lokhu kungehlisa ikhwalithi yesithombe futhi kusenze sithandeke kakhulu ekufiphaleni.
3. Indima yesu lokugxila kwikhwalithi yesithombe
Ikhwalithi kusuka esithombeni Kuyisici esibalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengokuthatha izithombe, ukwakheka kwezithombe kanye nemithi. Ngalo mqondo, inqubo yokugxila idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni izithombe ezibukhali nezicacile. Ukulola kusho ikhono lekhamera noma isofthiwe yokuhlela isithombe ukulungisa imininingwane nokucija kwesithombe, kususe noma yikuphi ukufiphala noma ukuntula incazelo.
Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe usebenzisa indlela yokulola, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kuhle ukusebenzisa i-tripod ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukunyakaza noma ukudlidliza okungase kuthinte ukucija kwesithombe. Ukwengeza, amasu okugxilisa ingqondo angasetshenziswa ngenkathi uthatha isithombe, njengokukhetha indawo ogxilwe kuyo efanele, ukulungisa indawo okungena kuyo ukungena, nokusebenzisa isivinini sokuvala esifanelekile.
Enqubweni yangemuva kokukhiqiza, kunamathuluzi namasu ahlukene atholakalayo wokuthuthukisa ukugxila kwesithombe. Elinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu isihlungi sokugxila, esikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukucijile, irediyasi nokuqina kokugxila. Amasu angasetshenziswa futhi ukugxila okukhethiwe ngokusebenzisa imaski yongqimba, okukuvumela ukuthi ugxile kuphela ezindaweni ezithile zesithombe. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa amasu okulola ngokugqamayo kungasiza ukuveza imininingwane futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe iyonke.
4. Izindlela Zokugxila Ngesandla Zokulungisa Isithombe Esifiphele
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokugxila ongazisebenzisa ukulungisa isithombe esifiphele futhi uthuthukise ukucija kwaso. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazilandela:
- 1. Lungisa izilungiselelo zokugxila: Qala ngokubheka ukuthi ingabe ikhamera esetshenzisiwe inazo inketho yokulungisa ukugxilwa kwayo. Ungazama izilungiselelo ezihlukile futhi ubone ukuthi noma yiziphi zazo zithuthukisa ukucaca kwesithombe.
- 2. Utiliza software de edición de imágenes: Uma ungakwazi ukulungisa isithombe esilufifi ngokuqondile kukhamera, ungasebenzisa isofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe njenge-Photoshop noma i-GIMP. Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza amathuluzi okulola akuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukucija kwesithombe mathupha.
- 3. Sebenzisa indlela yokugxila ekhethiwe: Uma isithombe singafiphele kakhulu, ungazama ukusebenzisa ukugxila okukhethiwe ukuze ugqamise izici ezithile zesithombe. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okukhetha ukuze ugxile kuphela ezindaweni ofuna ukuzigqamisa.
Khumbula ukuthi isithombe ngasinye esilufifi singase sidinge izindlela ezihlukile zokugxila mathupha, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi uzame ngamasu namathuluzi ahlukene. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema izithombe ezilufifi ukugcina ikhamera iqinile ngesikhathi sokuthwebula futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukugxila kusethwe ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokuthwebula isithombe.
5. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okulola idijithali ukuthuthukisa isithombe esingaphandle kokugxila
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene amathuluzi edijithali engasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa isithombe esingagxilile futhi sithole imiphumela eyanelisayo. Lapha ngizokukhombisa izinyathelo ongazilandela ukuze ufeze lokhu:
- Sebenzisa Isoftware ye-Adobe I-Photoshop: Lolu hlelo lunikeza inani elikhulu lamathuluzi nezihlungi ezizokuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukugxila kwesithombe. Ungasebenzisa ithuluzi le-Sharpen ukuthuthukisa ukucaca okuphelele kwesithombe kanye nethuluzi le-Sharp Mask ukuze ukhethe ngokukhetha izindawo ezingagxilile.
- Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlela aku-inthanethi: Kunezinkundla ezifana ne-Pixlr, i-Fotor ne-BeFunky ezihlinzeka ngamathuluzi okugxila edijithali. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngokuvamile zihlakaniphile futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba nolwazi oluthuthukisiwe ekuhleleni izithombe. Ungalayisha isithombe ngaphandle kokugxila epulatifomu, khetha inketho yokuthuthukisa ukugxila bese ulungisa amapharamitha uze uthole umphumela owufunayo.
- Cabangela indlela ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela (AI): Amanye amathuluzi asekelwe ku-AI, njenge-Topaz Sharpen AI ne-Focus Magic, akuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe esingaphandle kokugxila usebenzisa ama-algorithms athuthukile. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zihlaziya imininingwane yesithombe futhi ziyakhe kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo, zithole imiphumela emangalisayo ezimweni eziningi. Ungalanda noma usebenzise lawa mathuluzi aku-inthanethi ukuze ulungise ukugxila kwesithombe sakho esingagxilile.
Khumbula ukuthi ithuluzi ngalinye lingase libe nemiyalelo yalo nezilungiselelo ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza ngethuluzi elithile, ngincoma ukubukeza okokufundisa noma imihlahlandlela yokusebenzisa ukuze usebenzise izici zayo ngokugcwele. Ungangabazi ukuzama futhi uthole indlela evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho!
6. Izinyathelo zokusebenzisa indlela yokulola ezinhlelweni zokuhlela izithombe
Indlela yokulola iyithuluzi elibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuhlela izithombe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukucaca nokucaca kwesithombe. Ngezansi, sethula izinyathelo okufanele uzilandele ukuze usebenzise le nqubo:
Isinyathelo 1: Vula uhlelo lokuhlela isithombe
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuvula uhlelo lokuhlela isithombe olukhethile. Ezinye izinketho ezidumile I-Adobe Photoshop, i-GIMP ne-Lightroom. Uma uhlelo seluvuliwe, layisha isithombe ofuna ukusebenzisa kuso indlela yokulola.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Khetha ithuluzi lokugxila
Uma isithombe sesilayishwe ohlelweni lokuhlela, bheka ithuluzi lokucija. Lokhu ngokuvamile kutholakala esigabeni sokulungiswa kwesithombe noma amathuluzi okuthuthukisa. Khetha ithuluzi bese ulungisa nemingcele ngokuvumelana nezidingo zakho. Ungashintsha inani lokugxila, ukuqina, nezinye izici ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Sebenzisa indlela yokulola esithombeni
Uma ithuluzi lokucija selimisiwe, yisikhathi sokulisebenzisa esithombeni. Chofoza engxenyeni yesithombe ofuna ukugxila kuyo futhi uhlole imiphumela. Uma unganelisekile ngezinga lokugxila, ungalungisa amapharamitha futhi uze uthole umphumela oyifunayo. Khumbula ukulondoloza ikhophi yesithombe sokuqala ngaphambi kokufaka noma yiziphi izinguquko.
7. Ukucatshangelwa okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho usebenzisa izihlungi zokugxila ezithombeni
Ezithombeni, izihlungi ezigxilile ziyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuthola izithombe ezibukhali ngokucaca okukhulu. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula izinto ezimbalwa lapho usebenzisa lezi zihlungi ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
1. Khetha uhlobo lwesihlungi olufanele: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi ezicijile, njengezihlungi ze-low-pass kanye nezihlungi ezicijile. Ngayinye inezici zayo kanye nemiphumela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lokugxila ofuna ukukufeza esithombeni sakho ngaphambi kokukhetha isihlungi esifanele.
2. Ajustar la configuración de la cámara: Ngaphambi kokufaka isihlungi esilolayo, kubalulekile ukulungisa izilungiselelo zekhamera ngokuya ngokuthanda kwakho. Ungakhetha ukukhuphula imbobo ukuze uthole ukujula kwenkambu engashoni, okuzogqamisa isihloko esikhulu futhi kufiphaze ingemuva. Ungaphinda ulungise isivinini se-shutter ukuze uthwebule imininingwane ebukhali enyakazayo.
3. Sebenzisa kahle isihlungi sokugxila: Uma usukhethe isihlungi esibukhali esifanelekile futhi walungisa izilungiselelo zekhamera yakho, yisikhathi sokusebenzisa isihlungi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka isihlungi kulensi yekhamera yakho, uqiniseke ukuthi ihlanzekile futhi ayinazo izigxivizo zeminwe noma ukungcola. Bese, gxilisa isithombe sakho usebenzisa izindlela zendabuko futhi ubuke njengoba isihlungi esilolayo sithuthukisa ukucaca nokucaca kwemininingwane.
Kafushane, lapho usebenzisa izihlungi ezibukhali ezithombeni, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwesihlungi, ulungise izilungiselelo zekhamera zibe okuncamelayo, futhi usebenzise isihlungi esikwilensi ngendlela efanele. Lezi zinyathelo zizokusiza ukuthi ufinyelele izithombe ezibukhali, ezigxile kakhulu, ugqamisa imininingwane ebalulekile ezithombeni zakho. Linga futhi uthole ukuthi izihlungi ezibukhali zingakuthuthukisa kanjani ukuthwebula kwakho!
8. Isetshenziswa kanjani indlela yokufihla imaski engabukhali ukuthuthukisa izithombe ezingacacile
Indlela yokufihla ubuso engabukhali iyithuluzi elinamandla lokuthuthukisa izithombe ezifiphele. Ngenqubo yokuhlunga, le ndlela yokwenza ikuvumela ukuthi ugqamise imininingwane futhi uthuthukise ukucija kwesithombe esingaphandle kokugxila.
Ukuze usebenzise le nqubo, udinga ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Isinyathelo 1: Ngenisa isithombe esilufifi kusofthiwe yokuhlela isithombe ozikhethele yona.
- Isinyathelo 2: Faka imaski engabukhali esithombeni. Lokhu Kungenziwa ngokukhetha inketho ethi "Sharpening Masking" noma okufanayo kumenyu yamathuluzi.
- Isinyathelo 3: Lungisa imingcele yemaski engacijile njengoba kudingeka. Lawa mapharamitha afaka irediyasi yokugxila kanye nenani lokugqama. Linga ngamavelu ahlukene ukuze uthole isilungiselelo esilungile.
- Isinyathelo 4: zibone ngeso lengqondo izinguquko ngesikhathi sangempela ngenkathi ulungisa amapharamitha. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlole imiphumela futhi wenze izinguquko ezengeziwe uma kunesidingo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi indlela yokulola imaski ingase ingakhiqizi imiphumela ephelele kuzo zonke izithombe ezilufifi. Ukusebenza kwalolu hlelo kuncike kakhulu kwikhwalithi kanye nenani lolwazi olukhona esithombeni sokuqala. Ukwengeza, kungase kuthathe ukuzijwayeza okuncane nolwazi ukuze ukwazi kahle inqubo futhi uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
Sengiphetha, indlela yokufihla ubuso engabukhali iyithuluzi elinamandla lokuthuthukisa ukucija kwezithombe ezifiphele. Ngokulandela izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla futhi ulungise amapharamitha ngendlela efanele, uzokwazi ukugqamisa imininingwane futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokubuka yezithombe zakho. Linga ngezilungiselelo namathuluzi ahlukene ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo.
9. Ukusebenzisa Ukugxila Okukhethiwe ukuze Ugqamise Imininingwane Esithombeni Esifiphele
Uma uthatha isithombe, kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi izindawo ezithile zingagxili noma zingachazwa kahle. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele ulahle isithombe ngokuphelele. Uma ufuna ukugqamisa imininingwane ebalulekile esithombeni esingagxilile, ungasebenzisa ukugxila okukhethiwe. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uqokomise ngokuqondile izindawo ezithile zesithombe, uthuthukise ikhwalithi yayo yonke ebonakalayo.
Ukuze usebenzise ukugxila okukhethiwe, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene namathuluzi atholakalayo. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe ezifana ne-Photoshop, ezikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngezendlalelo namamaski ukuze usebenzise umphumela ngokuqondile. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezidizayinelwe ukuthintwa kabusha kanye nokwenza ngcono izithombe ezingagxilile.
Uma usebenzisa ukugxila okukhethiwe, kubalulekile ukugcina amathiphu ambalwa engqondweni ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhombe imininingwane ofuna ukuyigqamisa esithombeni futhi uyichaze ngokucacile indawo ofuna ukugxila kuyo. Bese, lungisa izilungiselelo zokugxila ezikhethiwe ngokuya ngokuncamelayo, njengokushuba nendawo okugxilwe kuyo. Hlala ukhumbula ukusebenza ngekhophi yesithombe sokuqala ukuze ungalahlekelwa imininingwane yasekuqaleni uma wenza amaphutha.
10. Amasu okugxila athuthukile ochwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe
Emkhakheni wokuthatha izithombe, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokugxila ezithuthukile ochwepheshe abangazisebenzisa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezithombe zabo. Lawa masu adlulela ngalé kokugxila kahle esihlokweni, okukuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukujula kwenkundla, udale imiphumela yokufiphalisa yobuciko, futhi uzuze izithombe ezibukhali, ezinemininingwane eyengeziwe.
Indlela ewusizo kakhulu ukugxila okukhethiwe, okuhlanganisa ukugxila kuphela engxenyeni ethile yesithombe kuyilapho kushiya okunye kufiphele. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa amalensi anembobo ebanzi futhi ulungise ubude bokugxila. Ukuze uthole imiphumela ehamba phambili, kuyatuseka ukusebenzisa i-tripod ukuze ugweme ukunyakaza futhi ulungise ukugxila mathupha.
Enye indlela ethuthukisiwe i-focus stacking, evumela ukujula okukhulu kwenkambu esithombeni. Lokhu kufezwa ngokuthatha izithombe eziningana zesihloko esifanayo, ugxile emaphuzwini ahlukene esihlokweni ngasinye, bese uzihlanganisa ekukhiqizweni kwangemuva. Kunamathuluzi akhethekile okwenza le nqubo ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa futhi ingenziwa ngesandla kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe.
11. Ungakugwema kanjani ukufiphala ezithombeni kusukela ngesikhathi uzithatha
Uma sithatha isithombe, kuyakhungathekisa ukuthola ukuthi asicacile noma asigxilile. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ongazisebenzisa ukuze ugweme ukufiphala ezithombeni zakho kusukela ngesikhathi uzithatha. Lapha sizokukhombisa amanye amathiphu ukuze uthole izithombe ezibukhali nezicacile:
- Qiniseka ukuthi ugcina ukuma okuzinzile lapho uthatha isithombe. Bamba ikhamera ngokuqinile ngezandla zombili, gcina izindololwane zakho ziseduze nomzimba wakho, futhi usebenzise i-tripod uma kudingeka. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukudlidliza futhi kunciphise amathuba okuthola isithombe esilufifi.
- Sebenzisa ukugxila okufanele esihlokweni sakho. Uma uthwebula into emile, ungakhetha ukugxila okuzenzakalelayo noma okwenziwa ngesandla. Kodwa-ke, uma isihloko sakho sihamba, kuyancomeka ukuthi usebenzise ukugxila okuqhubekayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi usithwebula isenzo ngokucacile.
- Hlola isivinini se-shutter. Isivinini seshutha esinensayo singabangela ukufiphala ezithombeni zakho, ikakhulukazi uma uthwebula izinto ezihambayo. Lungisa izilungiselelo zekhamera yakho ukuze ukhuphule isivinini sokuvala noma usebenzise imodi yokubalulekile kwesivinini uma ikhamera yakho ikuvumela. Ngale ndlela, uzomisa ukunyakaza futhi uthole izithombe ezibukhali.
12. Ukubaluleka kokucija nokugxila ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezithombe
Ukucija nokugxila kuyizici ezibalulekile ezithombeni, njengoba kunquma ikhwalithi nomthelela wesithombe. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezithombe, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ungafinyelela kanjani ukucija okufanele nokuthi yiziphi izindawo zesithombe okufanele zigxile ekudluliseleni umlayezo oyifunayo. Ngezansi kukhona okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile ukuze uthole ukucija okunembile nokugxila ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezithombe.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unokugxila okunembile kusukela ngesikhathi udubula. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa imisebenzi ye-autofocus yekhamera yakho noma wenze ukulungisa mathupha njengoba kudingeka. Kunconywa ukuthi ubuyekeze isithombe esikrinini yekhamera ngaphambi kokuthatha isithombe sokugcina, ukuhlola ukuthi ukugxila kubukhali yini ezindaweni ezifiselekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela ibanga lesifundo kanye nokuvuleka kwembobo, njengoba lezi ziguquguqukayo zithinta ukujula kwensimu futhi, ngakho-ke, ubukhali ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zesithombe.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukunemba kokugxila ngesikhathi sesigaba sangemuva kokukhiqiza. Nakuba kungenzeka ukulungisa ukugxila ezinhlelweni zokuhlela izithombe ezifana ne-Adobe Photoshop, kuhle ukufeza lokhu ngesikhathi sokuthwebula. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nesithombe esingasagxilile kancane, ungazama ukusebenzisa amasu okulola ekucubunguleni ngemva kokucubungula, njengokucija imaski noma ukucija okukhethiwe, ukuze uthuthukise ukucijile ezindaweni ezithile ngaphandle kokuthinta sonke isithombe. Khumbula njalo ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele futhi ulandele okokufundisa okuthembekile ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
13. Ukuhlaziywa kwamacala okuphumelela: ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenzisa amasu okugxila
Kulesi sigaba sizohlaziya izindaba ezimbalwa zempumelelo lapho kusetshenziswe khona izindlela zokugxila ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezahlukene. Ngalezi zibonelo, sizokwazi ukubona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela kusivumele kanjani ukuthi sithole imiphumela ebalulekile futhi sithuthukise kakhulu imiphumela etholiwe.
Esifundweni ngasinye, izinyathelo ezilandelwayo zokusebenzisa amasu okugxilisa ingqondo zizochazwa kabanzi, kuhlinzekwe okokufundisa, amathiphu namathuluzi asiza ukuqaliswa kwazo. Kuzokhonjiswa A ngaphambi nangemuva, okugqamisa izinguquko ezithile ezizuzwe ngokusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela.
Izibonelo zizofaka izixazululo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, nayo yonke imininingwane edingekayo ukuze uqonde inqubo. Izibonelo ezingokoqobo nezangempela zizokhonjiswa, ngenhloso yokubonisa ngokusobala izinzuzo nempumelelo yalezi zindlela zokugxilisa ingqondo. Uma ufuna ugqozi noma imibono ongayisebenzisa kumongo wakho, lesi sigaba sizokunikeza izindaba zempumelelo ongazisebenzisa njengereferensi futhi uzivumelanise nezidingo zakho.
14. Iziphetho: okhiye bokugxilisa kahle isithombe esilufifi
Isithombe esilufifi singonakalisa ngokuphelele ikhwalithi yesithombe, kodwa ngenhlanhla kukhona okhiye abambalwa bokugxilisa kahle isithombe esifiphele. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi unohlelo lokuhlela izithombe olufana ne-Adobe Photoshop noma i-GIMP, olusivumela ukuthi senze izinguquko ezinembile. Uma isithombe sesivuliwe kuhlelo, singasebenzisa ithuluzi lokugxila ukuze sizame ukuthuthukisa ukucija kwaso.
Enye indlela yokugxilisa isithombe esilufifi ukusebenzisa imaski engabukhali. Leli thuluzi lisivumela ukuthi sigxile ezindaweni ezithile zesithombe, ezingaba usizo uma ingxenye yesithombe ilufifi. Ukusebenzisa imaski engabukhali, sikhetha indawo esifuna ukugxila kuyo futhi silungise irediyasi, inani, namanani omkhawulo kuze kube yilapho sithola umphumela esiwufunayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akufanele silisebenzise kabi leli thuluzi, ngoba ukugxila ngokweqile kungakhiqiza ama-artifacts esithombeni.
Okokugcina, uma singenalo uhlelo lokuhlela isithombe, singazama nokugxilisa isithombe esilufifi mathupha. Indlela evame ukusebenza ukuphinda isendlalelo sesithombe, ukushintsha imodi yaso yokuhlanganisa ibe "ukukhanya okuqinile" noma "ukukhanya okuqinile," futhi usebenzise ukugxila okuthambile noma okokuhlunga kwe-Gaussian. Okulandelayo, sinciphisa ukufiphala kongqimba oluyimpinda kuze kube yilapho sithola izinga elifunayo lokucija. Le ndlela ingase idinge ukuhlola okuncane ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
Sengiphetha, ukufunda ukuthi ungagxila kanjani esithombeni esilufifi kudinga ukugxila okunembayo kanye namasu athile. Njengoba sixoxile kuso sonke lesi sihloko, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimbangela zokufiphala ngaphambi kokuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sibhekene nokufiphala kokunyakaza, ukugxila okungalungile noma ukuntuleka kobukhali, kunezindlela ezihlukene zokuxazulula isimo ngasinye.
Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi angemuva kokukhiqiza afana ne-Photoshop noma i-Lightroom kungasebenza kahle kakhulu ekulungiseni ukufiphala ezithombeni zethu. Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza izinketho ezithuthukisiwe ezisivumela ukuthi silungise ukucijile, ukugxila kanye nokucaca ngokukhetha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa izihlungi namamaski ukwandisa imiphumela.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izithombe ezilufifi ezingalungiswa ngendlela egculisayo. Kwezinye izimo, ukulahleka kwemininingwane kungase kungenakuhlehliswa futhi ngeke sikwazi ukuthola isithombe esibukhali ngokuphelele. Kulezi zimo, kubalulekile ukufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho futhi siqhubeke sithuthukisa amakhono ethu okuthatha izithombe ukuze sigweme izimo ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo.
Ngamafuphi, ukwenza kahle amasu okugxila ezithombeni ezilufifi kudinga ukuzijwayeza, ulwazi, nokubekezela. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izimbangela zokufiphala nokusebenzisa izixazululo ezifanele ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sizokwazi ukucija amakhono ethu okuthatha izithombe futhi sizuze izithombe ezibukhali, ezisezingeni eliphezulu kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.