Indlela Yokwenza Uthingo Lwenkosazana

Indlela yokwenza Uthingo: Funda Izimiso Zobuchwepheshe Zokudala Lo Mlingo Wemvelo

Isingeniso: Uthingo, leso senzakalo esimangalisayo esisimangalisa ngemibala yayo ehlukahlukene, siyisipho sangempela esivela emvelweni. Nakuba ngokuvamile ivela ngemva kwemvula, ingabuye idalwe ngokwenziwa kusetshenziswa amasu athile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ⁢izimiso zobuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo ⁤ dala uthingo ngemiphumela emangalisayo. Uma ungumuntu othanda isayensi futhi ufuna ukuqonda ukuthi imibala yothingo yenziwa kanjani, qhubeka funda!

Umthetho we-refraction kokukhanya: Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uthingo ⁤ lwakhiwa kanjani, kubalulekile ukuqonda umthetho wokuphindaphinda ukukhanya. Lo mthetho⁤ uthi uma ukukhanya kugobile njengoba kudlula endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, kushintsha indlela ngenxa yomehluko wejubane lokusakazeka. Endabeni yothingo, ukukhanya kwelanga kuyanqamuka lapho kudlula amathonsi emvula alenga emoyeni. Le nqubo Kubalulekile ukukhiqiza imibala esizoyibona kamuva.

I-spectrum ebonakalayo yokukhanya: Ukukhanya okumhlophe, njengalokho okuvela elangeni, kwenziwa ngemibala eminingi ehlanganisa obomvu, osawolintshi, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, we-indigo no-violet. Le mibala itholakala kuma-wavelength ahlukene, obomvu kuba mude kunawo wonke kanye no-violet omfushane kakhulu. Umbala ngamunye unemvamisa yawo ethile yokudlidliza. Endabeni yothingo, lesi sici siyisisekelo, ngoba ukuhlukaniswa nokuphambuka kwemibala kukhiqizwa ngenxa yamathonsi emvula.

Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi okuphelele: ‍ Enye into ebalulekile ekwakhekeni⁤ kothingo ⁢ukubukeka okuphelele kwangaphakathi. Uma ukukhanya kungena ngaphakathi kwethonsi lemvula, kubonakala ebusweni balo futhi kunqanyulwe lapho kushintsha okuphakathi. Kodwa-ke, lo msebe we-refracted ungase futhi ubonakale ngaphakathi kwethonsi ngaphambi kokuphuma futhi. Lokhu kuboniswa okuphelele kwangaphakathi kubalulekile ukuze imibala ihlukane futhi yakhe uthingo esilwaziyo.

Kafushane, ukwakheka kothingo kuhilela ukunqamuka kokukhanya njengoba kudlula kumathonsi emvula alenga emoyeni, ukuhlukaniswa kwemibala ngokuya ngobude bawo beza, kanye nokubonakala kwawo okuphelele kwangaphakathi dala uthingo, singahlola izindlela ezihlukile ⁢ukukhiqiza kabusha lesi senzo semvelo esihle ngokuzenzisa. Zilungiselele ukucwiliswa kumlingo wemibala yothingo!

- Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokwakheka kothingo

Uthingo lungenye yezinto zemvelo ezinhle kakhulu nezihehayo esingazibona. Nakuba zibonakala ziyimilingo, empeleni zakhiwe ngokuhlangana kokukhanya namaconsi amanzi emkhathini. Ukuqonda ukuthi uthingo lwakhiwe kanjani kungasisiza sibonge ubuhle balo nakakhulu. Ukuze wakhe uthingo, sidinga izici ezintathu ezibalulekile: ukukhanya kwelanga, amaconsi amanzi, kanye ne-engeli ethile yokubuka.

Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kudlula ethonsini lamanzi alenga emoyeni, kuyahlehla, okusho ukuthi, kushintsha lapho eya khona. Ukukhanya kuhlukaniswe ngemibala ehlukene ngenxa yokuphindaphinda, ngaleyo ndlela kudala i-spectrum ebonakalayo. Umbala ngamunye unobude obuhlukile, ngakho-ke ahlakazeka kancane ema-engeli ahlukene. Ukukhanya kube sekuboniswa ngaphakathi ⁢ukwehla⁤ kuphinde kufihlwe futhi lapho kuphuma khona. Le ⁤inqubo yokuphindaphinda⁤ kanye nokubonakala kwangaphakathi kubangela ⁢ukukhanya kuhlukanise kube⁤ ibhande lemibala⁢, ngaleyo ndlela kwakhe uthingo.

I-engeli yokubuka nayo ibalulekile ukuze ubone uthingo. Ngokuvamile, ukuze ugcine uthingo oluphelele, kuyadingeka ukuba ube kude namaconsi amanzi amiswe emoyeni. I-engeli yokubuka efanelekile ingama-degree angama-42 ukusuka eLangeni. Kuleli engeli, imisebe yokukhanya iyaphindiselwa futhi iboniswa amaconsi amanzi, enze uthingo. Uma i-engeli ingalungile, imisebe yokukhanya ayinqamuki ngokwanele futhi uthingo alwakhiwe. Yingakho sibona uthingo kuphela lapho iLanga liphansi esibhakabhakeni namaconsi amanzi emkhathini.

Ngamafuphi, ukuze sakhe uthingo sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga, amaconsi amanzi, kanye ne-engeli ethile yokubuka Ukukhanya kuyaphikiswa, kubonakale, futhi kuhlakazeke kuma-engeli ahlukene phakathi kwamaconsi amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kudala umphumela wombala ofana ne-arc. Kuyinqubo ethakazelisayo esivumela ukuba sijabulele isimangaliso semvelo. Ukufunda mayelana nokwakheka kothingo kusimema ukuthi sazise lezi zenzakalo ezinhle nakakhulu futhi kusisiza ukuba siqonde okwengeziwe mayelana nendlela umhlaba esiphila kuwo osebenza ngayo.

-⁢ Ukubaluleka kokukhanya esimeni sothingo

Ukubaluleka kokukhanya esimeni sothingo kungenxa yendlela imisebe yelanga ehlangana ngayo namaconsi amanzi alenga emoyeni. Uthingo luwumbukwane wemvelo othakazelisayo owenziwa lapho ukukhanya okumhlophe okuvela elangeni kudlula kumaconsi amanzi futhi kunqanyuliwe, kuhlukanise ukukhanya kube imibala yako ehlukene. Le nqubo ye-refraction ibalulekile ekwakhekeni kothingo., njengoba umbala ngamunye "uhlehla" ngokuhluka kancane, udala isici se-arc enemibala eminingi esibhakabhakeni.

Nakuba uthingo lungase lubonakale njengento ewumlingo, incazelo yalo ingokwesayensi kuphela. ⁤ Ukukhanya okumhlophe okuvela elangeni kwenziwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, ehlanganisa obomvu, owolintshi, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, we-indigo no-violet. Uma ukukhanya kudlula ethonsini lamanzi, kwehlela kule mibala ehlukene ngenxa yokuphindaphinda. Umbala ngamunye unqanyuliwe nge-engeli ethile futhi uboniswa ngaphakathi kwethonsi ngaphambi kokuvela nokwenza uthingo.

Kuya dala uthingo ngokwenziwa, Kudingeka ukuphindaphinda izimo zemvelo ezenzeka phakathi nemvula kanye nokuba khona kwelanga. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya okhanyayo, njenge-projektha noma i-flashlight, nokufafaza amanzi emoyeni ngosizo lwe-sprayer noma i-atomizer Ngokwenza kanjalo, imibala eyinhloko ye-arc ingabonwa wendingilizi esemoyeni Ngokulungisa i-engeli yokukhanya kanye nenani lamanzi afuthwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ubone uthingo oluphelele olunemibala yalo ehlukile.

Kafushane, ukubaluleka kokukhanya ku-rainbow phenomenon ilele ku refraction yemibala ehlukene ezenza ukukhanya okumhlophe kwelanga lapho lidlula emanzini alengiswe emoyeni. Le nqubo idala i-arch enhle enemibala eminingi esiyithanda kakhulu. Nakuba singakwazi ukwenza kabusha uthingo sisebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya nesifutho samanzi, akukho lutho oluqhathaniswa nokubona uthingo lwemvelo kubo bonke ubuhle balo ngemva kwemvula ehambisana nelanga.

– Ukukhanya kwe-refraction kwenzeka kanjani kumaconsi amanzi

Uthingo yinto yokubona eyenzeka lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanyelwa kumaconsi amanzi akhona emkhathini. Endabeni⁤ yothingo, ukukhanya kwelanga kuphuma ekudluleni emoyeni kuye kumaconsi amanzi, okubangela ukuphinda⁤ kwawo.

I-refraction yokukhanya kumaconsi amanzi kwenzeka ngenxa yomehluko kunkomba ye-refractive phakathi komoya namanzi. Inkomba ye-refractive ye-medium inquma isivinini ukukhanya okusakazeka ngaso kuleyo ndlela esetshenziswayo Endabeni yamanzi, inkomba ye-refractive inkulu kuneyomoya, okwenza ukukhanya kugobe lapho kudlula kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye.

Ngaphakathi kwamaconsi amanzi, ukukhanya kuthola ama-refractions amaningi futhi kubonakala kusukela ezindongeni zokwehla. Le nqubo ibangela ukukhanya kwehle kube nemibala yakhona ehlukene, ikhiqize uthingo lwenkosazana imibala ehlukene yothingo luhlotshaniswa nobude obungamaza okukhanya okubonakalayo, ahlukaniswa ngenxa ⁢ukunqamuka. Ngale ndlela, singakwazi ukujabulela imibala. yothingo, olusukela kokubomvu ngaphandle kuye kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphakathi.

- I-engeli⁤ nendawo ⁤kombukeli ⁤ukubona ngeso lengqondo uthingo

I-engeli nendawo yesibukeli ukuze ibuke uthingo

Ukwazi ukuwenza bona ngeso lengqondo uthingo, kubalulekile ukucabangela i-engeli kanye nesimo lapho kubhekwa khona. Uthingo luyizigigaba ezibonakalayo ezenzeka lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuphindiwe, kuboniswa futhi kuhlakazwe kumaconsi amanzi akhona emkhathini. Okulandelayo, sizokuchaza ukuthi kufanele uzibeke kanjani ukuze ujabulele ⁢uthingo olumangalisayo.

1. Thola umthombo wamanzi futhi ube phambi kwawo: Ukuze ubuke uthingo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubekwe ukuze umthombo wamanzi (njengempophoma, umthombo, noma isifafazi) ube phambi kwakho. Lesi simo sibalulekile, njengoba ukuze kwakheke uthingo, ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kushaye amaconsi amanzi asemoyeni. Ukuba ⁤phambi⁤ kwe umthombo wamanzi Izokuvumela ukuba ube nombono ocacile futhi ongenakuvinjelwa wawo wonke uthingo.

2. Qiniseka ukuthi ilanga lingemuva kwakho: Uma usuwutholile umthombo wamanzi ofanele, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ilanga litholakala ngemuva⁤ kwakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele ube nelanga emhlane wakho, ngoba unesibopho sokukhipha ukukhanya okuzophinde kuhlanjululwe emanzini futhi kudale uthingo. Uma unelanga phambi kwakho, ngeke ukwazi ukubona i-optical phenomenon, ngoba ukukhanya kuzoqondiswa kwelinye iphuzu emkhathini.

3.​ Bheka esibhakabhakeni nge-engeli engu-42 degrees: I-engeli okufanele ubheke kuyo ukuze ubone uthingo cishe lingama-degree angu-42. Ukuze uyibuke ngendlela efanele, kufanele ugcine ikhanda lakho lisendaweni eqondile futhi uqondise amehlo akho esibhakabhakeni nge-engeli engama-degree angu-42 ukusuka emugqeni ovundlile ibalulekile, njengoba kuyindawo lapho ukukhanya kuphinde kwahlakazeka khona amaconsi amanzi azokwakha lelo jika elihle le-multicolor elibonisa uthingo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuze ukwazi ukubona uthingo udinga izimo zezulu ezithile, njengokuba khona kwamaconsi amanzi emoyeni kanye nesenzakalo esiqondile sokukhanya kwelanga. Uma ulandela lawa macebiso, uzokwazi ukujabulela lo mbukiso wemvelo othakazelisayo futhi omuhle. Ungakhohlwa ukuletha ikhamera nawe ukuze uthwebule lesi sikhathi esiwumlingo!

– Umthelela wemvula ekwakhekeni kothingo

Umthelela wemvula ekwakhekeni kothingo

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kanjani⁤ a uthingo, kufanele siqale siqonde ⁤ithonya⁤ imvula. Lapho amaconsi amanzi ewa emkhathini, enza njengama-prism amancane ahlakaza ukukhanya. Ukukhanya okuvela elangeni, okwakhiwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene, kuphindiselwa phakathi kwala maconsi bese kuhlukaniswa izingxenye zawo. Indlela imibala ehlukene egoba ngayo futhi ibonakala ngayo emaconsini amanzi iyona ebangela ukwakheka okumangalisayo kothingo.

⁢Inqubo yokwenza uthingo lubandakanya ⁢izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, imisebe yelanga kufanele ishaye amathonsi emvula isuka endaweni ethile, ngokuvamile nxazonke. Amadigri angu-42. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ilanga lingemuva kwethu futhi imvula ina phambi kwethu. Njengoba ukukhanya kudlula kumaconsi amanzi, kwehle kube imibala eyinhloko eyakha i-spectrum ebonakalayo: obomvu, owolintshi, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, we-indigo no-violet.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemibala phakathi kwamathonsi emvula kuyisiqalo nje senqubo. Njengoba ukukhanya kuphikiswa futhi kuboniswa ngaphakathi kwamaconsi,⁢ kuphinde kube noshintsho⁤ isivinini sakho. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imisebe yokukhanya igobe noma igobe, futhi umbala ngamunye uboniswa nge-engeli ehlukile ngaphakathi kokuthopha. Ekugcineni, umsebe wokukhanya ushiya ithonsi lemvula futhi uqhubeke nendlela yawo ubheke emehlweni ethu, ngaleyondlela udala umfanekiso we-arc enemibala eminingi esibhakabhakeni.

- Imibala ehlukahlukene ku-rainbow kanye ne-spectrum yayo ekhanyayo

Uthingo luyizigigaba zemvelo ezenzeka lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuphindiwe futhi kuboniswa amaconsi amanzi alengiswe emkhathini. Lokhu kuhlanjalazwa kanye nokubonakaliswa kokukhanya kudala izinhlobonhlobo zemibala, kusukela kobomvu kuye kobomvana, ehlelwe ngephethini eyindilinga. Ububanzi bokukhanya bothingo lwenkosazane lwenziwe ngemibala eyisikhombisa eyinhloko: okubomvu, okusawolintshi, okuphuzi, okuluhlaza okotshani, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwe-indigo ne-violet, ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-RGBIV.

Umbala ngamunye wothingo unencazelo eyingqayizivele nekhethekile. Yena obomvu ⁤ifanekisela amandla ⁢nogqozi, kuyilapho i- iwolintshi Imele amandla nokudala. Umbala ophuzi imele injabulo nenjabulo, futhi oluhlaza okotshani Kuhlotshaniswa nemvelo nethemba. Yena okwesibhakabhaka ⁤ ifanekisela ukuthula ⁤nokuzola, kanye i-indigo ⁢Kuhlobene⁤ nokuthola ulwazi nokulinganisela. Ekugcineni, i i-violet Kuhlotshaniswa nengokomoya kanye nokuguqulwa.

Ukuqonda ukwakheka kanye nencazelo yemibala yothingo kusivumela ukuba sibonge ubuhle nomlingo walo nakakhulu. Nakuba uthingo lwenkosazana luyizenzakalo zemvelo futhi lungenakudalwa yithina, singamangala ngobukhona balo futhi sifune izindlela zokwenza. bamba ⁤ubuhle bayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuthwebula izithombe noma ukudweba, uthingo lusikhuthaza ukuba sisebenzise ubuhlakani bethu ukuze sibonise ubuhle nokuhlukahluka kwemibala. emhlabeni esisizungezile. Ngakho ngokuzayo lapho ubona uthingo, zinike isikhashana ucabangisise ngalo futhi ujabulele imibala yalo ehlukahlukene emangalisayo nokukhanya olusinika lona.

-​ Izincomo zokuthwebula uthingo nokuthwebula ubuhle balo

- Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwesayensi yothingo empilweni yansuku zonke

Ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kwesayensi yothingo empilweni yansuku zonke kuyathakazelisa futhi kusivumela ukuthi siqonde kangcono ukwenzeka kokuhlakazeka kokukhanya. kwezicelo Okwaziwa kakhulu yi-meteorology, lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kusetshenziselwa ukunqamuka nokuhlakazeka ukuze kubikezelwe isimo sezulu. Ososayensi bangabuka imibala yothingo futhi bahlaziye ukuma kwalo esibhakabhakeni ukuze banqume ukuthi kungenzeka yini kube nemvula neziphepho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo iphinde isetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwamakhothamo okuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubonakala emigwaqeni nasemigwaqweni emikhulu.

Esinye isicelo esibalulekile sesayensi yothingo sisesigabeni sezithombe zothingo lwenkosazana zakhiwa ukubonakaliswa nokuphindaphindwa kokukhanya kwamaconsi amanzi amiswe emoyeni, futhi lesi simo esifanayo singasetshenziswa ngokunenzuzo. ukudala Imishini yokubona ethuthukisiwe.​ Ngokwesibonelo, abacwaningi basebenzisa indlela ye-optical waveguide ukuze bathumele amasignali e-inthanethi ngesivinini esisheshayo kunezintambo zethusi ezivamile. Lawa magagasi asebenza ngokuqondisa nokusabalalisa ukukhanya ngendlela efanayo nendlela uthingo, okuvumela umthamo omkhulu wokudlulisa idatha.

Ekugcineni, isayensi yothingo nayo ithole ukusetshenziswa embonini yemfashini nokuklama. Imibala ye-rainbow iwumthombo wogqozi kubaklami bezingubo zokugqoka, izesekeli kanye nomhlobiso. Ukuxuba nokuhlanganisa imibala ehlukene yothingo kusivumela ukuthi senze ukuphrinta okuyingqayizivele namaphethini ezindwangu zomklami nezinto. Ukwengeza, isayensi yothingo iye yasetshenziswa ekudaleni imibala ekhanyayo esetshenziswa ekwenzeni opende, oyinki, neminye imikhiqizo ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela ekhangayo, nekhanyayo.

Ngamafuphi, isayensi yothingo inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisebenzayo kusukela ekubikezelweni kwesimo sezulu kuya ekwakhiweni kwemishini yokubona ethuthukisiwe nemiklamo yemfashini. Ngokuqonda ukuhlakazeka kokukhanya nemibala yothingo, ososayensi nabaklami bangasebenzisa leli thuba lemvelo ukuze bathuthukise ukuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke futhi basijabulise ngezitayela ezibonakalayo eziyingqayizivele.