Ukubambezeleka kwegeyimu: indlela yokukala nokuyehlisa ku-Windows

Ungase ube noxhumo lwefayibha eshesha kakhulu futhi uqaphele ukuthi ukushutha kwakho kubambezelekile, amakholi wevidiyo ayayeka, noma amawebhusayithi ayaphuza ukuphendula. Ezimpilweni zethu zedijithali zansuku zonke, Ukubambezeleka emidlalweni kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.: iphawula isikhathi esithathayo ukuze isenzo sakho sibe umphumela obonakalayo, futhi lapho lokho kubambezeleka kukhula, okuhlangenwe nakho kuyahlupheka ngisho noma umkhawulokudonsa uphezulu.

Emidlalweni eku-inthanethi, ukubambezeleka ne-ping kuwumehluko phakathi kokuzwa sengathi yonke into ihamba kahle noma uhlangabezana nokungingiza, izinkinga ze-teleportation, nezinkinobho "ezingabhalisi." Ukubambezeleka kwemidlalo ephezulu kungonakalisa ngisho nokuxhumana okungcono kakhuluNgoba amaphakheji athatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ahambe futhi abuye. Lapha uzoqonda ukuthi into ngayinye iyini, ilinganiswa kanjani, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, indlela yokuyinciphisa ngezinyathelo ezisebenza ngempela.

Iyini i-latency futhi ithinta kanjani imidlalo?

Ukubambezeleka isikhathi sokuya nokubuya esithathayo ukuze idatha ihambe phakathi kwekhompyutha yakho nesiphakeli, lokho ekuxhumekeni kwenethiwekhi kwaziwa nge-RTT noma isikhathi sokuya nokubuya. Isamba sokubambezeleka kusukela ngesikhathi uthumela isenzo uze uthole isiqinisekiso., ikalwa ngama-millisecond (ms). Ku-shooter, isibonelo, uma ucindezela ukudubula, i-PC yakho ithumela umcimbi, iseva iyasicubungula futhi ikubuyisele impendulo; leso sifunda esiphelele yilokho esikukalayo.

Emidlalweni, yonke into iyingxoxo eqhubekayo neseva: uma leyo ngxoxo ibambeka, ulayini wemilayezo uyanqwabelana bese kuba yiqhwa, ukweqa, noma ukusikeka okuncane kwenzeka. Ukushintshana okulandelayo akukwazi ukuqala kuze kube yilapho sekuqedwe.ukuze yonke i-millisecond eyengeziwe ibonakale emzweni "wesikhathi sangempela".

Ukubambezeleka akuthinti yonke imisebenzi ngokulinganayo: ukuphequlula iwebhusayithi kungabekezelela ukubambezeleka okungaphezu kokuhlangana kwe-PvP. Noma kunjalo, amanani aphezulu we-latency enza noma yikuphi ukusebenzisana kuzwakale kuvilapha. Lapho inombolo iphansi, impendulo ishesha kakhulu. futhi umdlalo ugeleza ngokwemvelo.

Amanani ayizinkomba: izinhlobo zokuxhuma kanye nempendulo ebonwayo

Izikhathi zokufinyelela ezijwayelekile ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe. Cishe, Amasathelayithi athola ukubambezeleka okuphezulu kakhulu (amakhulu e-ms)Ku-3G, ukubambezeleka kuvame ukuba ngu-120 ms, ngaphansi kwe-4G yehla kuye cishe ku-60 ms, futhi nge-Ethernet enezintambo kumashumi obubanzi be-ms. Ngoxhumo lwefayibha enentambo emiswe kahle, ukubambezeleka kuka-5-15 ms kumaseva aseduze kuvamile.

Lokhu kubambezeleka kubonakala ekulayishweni kwamakhasi nezinsizakalo: kuyilapho indawo eno-10 ms of latency izwa sengathi ukuphequlula kwenzeka ngokushesha, Ku-70 ms ukuvilapha okuthile ekuphenduleni sekuyabonakala. Futhi ezimeni ezidlulele namakhulu ama-millisecond, umuzwa wokuvilapha uyandiswa. Akusona nje isivinini sokulanda: yisikhathi sokusabela.

I-Ping, i-input lag, ne-lag: imiqondo okufanele igcinwe ihlukene

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamagama ukuze ugweme izimbangela ezididayo. I-Ping isilinganiso esisebenzayo sesikhathi sokubuya nokubuya kuseva. Okusho ukuthi, ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi okubona esikrininiI-input lag ihlukile: ukubambezeleka ngaphakathi kwesistimu yakho kusukela lapho usebenzisana ne-peripheral kuze kube yilapho leso senzo siboniswa kusiqapha.

Lapho i-ping ikhula, sivame ukukhuluma ngokusalela emidlalweni noma amakholi wevidiyo; uma i-input lag inyuka, uzozwa ukuthi igundane, isilawuli noma ikhibhodi iphendula ngokuthi "inzima". Kokubili ukubambezeleka kwengeza ekubambezelekeni okupheleleNgakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukuthi ubhekane nazo ngokwehlukana: inethiwekhi ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zasendaweni/ukucushwa kolunye.

Iyiphi i-ping enhle yokudlala? Amabanga ngohlobo

Akuyona yonke imidlalo edinga izinga elifanayo lekhono. Emidlalweni yokuncintisana esheshayo (i-FPS, abadubuli bezinkundla, i-battle royale, noma ama-MOBA lapho konke ukuchofoza kubalulekile), Ngokufanelekile, kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-40 msPhakathi kuka-40 no-70 ms isasebenza, kodwa iyabonakala; kusukela ku-90 ms kuya phambili, ukonakala okucacile kuqala ukubonakala ngokumelene nezimbangi ezinoxhumo olungcono.

Ezihlokweni ezinesenzo esikhululeke kakhudlwana (i-co-op enethezekile, ama-ARPG angafuneki kangako, noma imidlalo engavamile), Ukudlala ngaphansi kuka-80 ms kuvame ukusebenza kahle100-120 ms isamukeleka uma iseva izinzile. Futhi emidlalweni esekelwe esikhundleni noma okuhlangenwe nakho ngaphandle kwesikhathi sangempela esiqinile, Ukubambezeleka kwe-150-200 ms Zibekezelelwa ngaphandle kokumosha ubumnandi.

Njengereferensi eyengeziwe ozoyibona ezithangamini nasemibhalweni yobuchwepheshe, kukhona ukuvumelana ukuthi ngezimo ezibucayi kakhulu Ngaphansi kuka-20 ms kuhle kakhulu20-50 ms muhle, 50-100 ms wamukelekile nokungingiza okungenzeka, futhi noma yini engaphezu kuka-100 ms iyinkinga. Njalo nge-50 ms eyengeziwe ingasebenza ngokumelene nawe kumameshi aseduze.

Ungakala kanjani i-ping yakho kanye nokubambezeleka kwangempela

Indlela enembe kakhulu yokulinganisa ingaphakathi kwegeyimu ngokwayo, lapho inikeza amamethrikhi enethiwekhi. Bheka kuzilungiselelo ukuze uthole inketho yokubonisa izibalo noma uzenze zisebenze kusixhumi esibonakalayo sesihloko. Ezimweni eziningi, uzobona i-ping yesikhathi sangempela kanye nokwehluka (jitter).

Ku-Windows, macOS, noma i-Linux, ungasebenzisa insiza ye-ping kusuka kutheminali: ping example.com ukuze ubone izikhathi zokuphendula kanye nokulahleka kwephakethe. Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini ku-inthanethi nakho kubika i-ping kumaseva aseduze futhi ikunikeze isithombe esinzima sokuthi inethiwekhi yakho isabela kanjani.

Izenzo ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa i-ping (inethiwekhi yasekhaya nomhlinzeki)

Ukubambezeleka emidlalweni kuncike ebangeni leseva kanye nesimo senethiwekhi yangakini. Qala ngalokho ongakwazi ukukulawula ekhaya bese uhlola ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi uthinta ini. Lezi zinyathelo yizo ezinikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu. ngendlela engokoqobo:

• Sebenzisa ikhebuli ye-Ethernet noma nini lapho kunokwenzekaUxhumo olunezintambo luzinze kakhulu kune-Wi-Fi, gwema ukuphazamiseka, futhi lunciphisa ama-jitter spikes.
• Qala kabusha irutha yakho ne-PC uma ubona ukubambezeleka okungavamile.Umjikelezo wamandla usula izinqolobane nezinqubo ezingaqinile ezifutha ukubambezeleka.
• Vala okulandiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingemuvaIzibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo, izinsizakalo zamafu, nokusakaza-bukhoma kuqhudelana ngomkhawulokudonsa futhi kwandise imigqa yethrafikhi.
• Buyekeza i-firmware yomzila wakho kanye nesistimu yakho.Ukugcina isofthiwe isesikhathini samanje kulungisa iziphazamisi futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kumishini yesimanjemanje.
• Yenza kusebenze i-QoS (ikhwalithi yesevisi) futhi ubeke phambili imishini yakho yokudlalaNgale ndlela amaphakheji wakho wegeyimu aya "phambili" kwamanye abaluleke kakhulu.
• Misa umzila ngendlela efanele uma usebenzisa i-Wi-Fi: emaphakathi, phezulu futhi kude nezithiyo; ku-5 GHz uzoba nokuminyana okuncane kunaku-2,4 GHz.
• Khetha iseva eseduze kugeyimu: kufinyeza indlela ebonakalayo yedatha futhi kusike ngokuqondile ama-millisecond.
• Gwema amahora aphezulu noma amaseva agcwele: Ngezikhathi zethrafikhi ephezulu kuba nokuminyana okwengeziwe kanye nokwenyuka kokubambezeleka.
• Gada izigebengu kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyuthaAmadivayisi angaphandle nezinsongo ezisebenzisa umkhawulokudonsa wenethiwekhi zikhuphula i-ping futhi zingabangela ama-spikes angalindelekile.
• Hlola izintambo nekhadi lenethiwekhiImbobo engu-1 GbE noma engu-2,5 GbE enekhebula le-Cat 6 isebenza kangcono futhi igwema izingqinamba ezingenangqondo.

Uma usathola ukubambezeleka okungekuhle naphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, yisikhathi sokubheka kwenye indawo. Hlola ukuthi i-ISP yakho isebenzisa umzila ongasebenzi kahle noma izinqubomgomo ezithinta izikhungo zedatha yamageyimu. Umsebenzisi omuhle akufanele avimbe noma alulaze ithrafikhi kumanethiwekhi afana ne-Cloudflare, AWS, noma i-AzureFuthi, uma kukhona okunye, cabanga ukuthuthela ku-fiber optics ngokumelene ne-xDSL noma umsakazo.

I-input lag: enye i-bottleneck (i-hardware nesistimu)

Ngale kwe-ping, i-input lag iyisamba sokubambezeleka okuncane ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha ngokwayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-peripheral, ukulungiselelwa kwe-OS, ulayini wokunikezela we-GPU, kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula soqapha. Ukuyinciphisa kunikeza umuzwa wokushesha ngisho nange-ping efanayo.

Amapheripherals: igundane noma isilawuli esinoxhumo olungenantambo lwe-2,4 GHz nge-dongle ngokuvamile sisebenza kangcono kakhulu kunesisebenzisa i-Bluetooth. ngoba ibhethri engu-2,4 GHz yakhelwe ukubambezeleka okuphansiUkwengeza, izinga lokuvota libalulekile: I-1000 Hz ibika ukunyakaza izikhathi ezingu-1000 ngomzuzwana; ku-125 Hz uzobona okokufaka okuningi "okuncane".

Okuphumayo komsindo nevidiyo: i auriculares inalámbricos Bangeza futhi ekubambezelekeni, ngakho-ke, Uma uqhudelana, ikhebuli noma amakhodekhi abambezeleke kancane angcono.Eziqapheni zemidlalo, isikhathi sokuphendula se-GtG (inguquko empunga-kuya-mpunga) kanye ne-MPRT (isikhathi lapho iphikseli ihlala ibonakala) zibalulekile: amanye amaphaneli anamanani angu-1 ms noma aphansi, okunciphisa ukufiphala kokunyakaza futhi enze isenzo sibonakale ngokushesha. Iphinde ivimbele iWindows ekuguquleni ifayela le- izinga lokuvuselela lokuqapha kwakho ukugcina ukungaguquguquki okubonakalayo.

Umugqa wokunikezela: Izizukulwane zakamuva zabashayeli nemidlalo zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka kokuphela ukuya ekupheleni. I-NVIDIA Reflex Ivumelanisa i-CPU ne-GPU ukuze kwehliswe umugqa wozimele. futhi uzicubungule ngesikhathi; ezimweni ezinzima, ingasindisa amashumi ama-millisecond. I-AMD inikezela ngendlela efanayo nge-Anti-Lag, etholakala emakhadini ahambisanayo asezingeni lomshayeli.

I-FPS nokubambezeleka: kungani ozimele abaningi futhi besiza

Emidlalweni, i-FPS isho ozimele ngesekhondi ngalinye abakhiqizwe i-GPU futhi baboniswa kusiqapha sakho. Kuthinta okungaphezu nje kokushelela okubonakalayo: Isikhathi sozimele esifushane sinciphisa isamba sesikhathi ukusuka ekuchofozeni kwakho kuya ekushintsheni okusesikrinini.Kungakho abadlali abaningi abaqhudelanayo baphishekela i-120/144/240 Hz.

Umhlahlandlela osheshayo wezilinganiso zozimele ezivamile: I-30 FPS iyisilinganiso esincane sokudlala sikazimele, i-FPS engu-60 iyindawo emnandi kwabaningi, i-FPS engu-120 ivula umnyango wamamonitha aphezulu angu-144 Hz, futhi i-240 FPS iyindawo yabashisekeli enezibonisi ezingu-240 Hz. Uma izinga liphakeme futhi lizinzile, uzoqaphela kancane ukusikeka okuncane..

Uma ulwa namazinga ozimele, lokhu kulungiselelwa kuvame ukusiza: vula i-Windows Game Mode, Gcina izishayeli zezithombe zisesikhathini samanje (I-GeForce, i-Radeon), ikhwalithi yethunzi ephansi kanye nebanga lokudweba, futhi inciphisa ukulungiswa ngenotshi uma kunesidingo. Kumadeskithophu, ukushintshela ku-GPU enekhono kakhulu kungaphinda i-FPS futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukubambezeleka okubonakalayo.

Izici zenethiwekhi ezithuthukile: i-NIC, ikhebula, neseva

Ikhadi lenethiwekhi kanye nekhebula nakho kubalulekile. Namuhla, kuvamile ukuthi amabhodi omama amageyimu afake u-2,5 GbE ngaphezu kwe-1 GbE yakudala; uma okokusebenza kwakho kusekela i-2,5 GbE futhi inethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi isilungileUzoba ne-headroom eyengeziwe yethrafikhi efanayo kanye nokuncane ukuminyana kwezixhumanisi. Khetha izintambo ze-Cat 6 okungenani; I-Cat 5e ingase isebenze, kodwa ijwayele ukwehluleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside noma ezindaweni ezinokuphazamiseka.

Iseva oxhuma kuyo nebanga layo lomzimba kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma isikhungo sedatha sisekude, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi amaphakethe ahambeUma iseva igcwele kakhulu noma ingazinzile, kuncane ongakwenza kusukela ekugcineni kwakho; shintsha izifunda uma kungenzeka futhi uqaphe ukuzinza, hhayi nje isilinganiso se-ping.

Izilungiselelo zerutha ewusizo nokunakekelwa

Ngaphezu kwe-QoS, ama-routers amaningi avumela ukubeka kuqala ngedivayisi noma uhlelo lokusebenza. Kunjalo ngamadivayisi afana ne-FRITZ! uchungechunge olusebenzisa i-FRITZ!OS. Ungakwazi ukumaka i-PC noma ikhonsoli yakho njengokubaluleke kakhuluLokhu kusiza uma abasebenzisi abaningi besebenzisa inethiwekhi. Hlala njalo ugcine i-firmware yakho ibuyekeziwe ukuze uvikeleke nokusebenza.

Beka eceleni isikhathi esithile semisebenzi yenhlanzeko: Hlola ukuthi akhona yini amadivayisi ongasawasebenzisi kodwa asaxhumekile.Shintsha iphasiwedi yakho ye-Wi-Fi uma usola izigebengu futhi ushejule izibuyekezo zesistimu ngaphandle kwamaseshini akho amageyimu. Ngalezi zisekelo, inethiwekhi yakho izohlala ithembekile.

Ububanzi bekhwalithi ye-ping ekhombisayo

Ukukunikeza iphuzu elicacile lereferensi engqondweni, Lezi zigaba ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa njengesiqondiso lapho uhlola isimo sakho:

• 0-20 msKuhle kakhulu kumaseshini ancintisanayo futhi afunayo.
• 20-50 ms: kuhle; kulula ukudlala cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• 50-100 ms: okwamukelekayo; ukubambezeleka okuncane kungenzeka.
• ngaphezu kuka-100ms: inkinga ngesikhathi sangempela; zama ukuthuthukisa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokubambezeleka emidlalweni yevidiyo

Izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuthuthukisa i-FPS nokuzinza

Ngaphezu kwalokho osekushiwo, kukhona ukulungiswa okufanele kuhlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle: lungiselela iWindows 11Sebenzisa Imodi Yegeyimu ku-Windows, vala iziqalisi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisakaza-bukhoma ngenkathi udlala, buyekeza izishayeli, futhi ushintshele kuphrofayela yamandla Esebenza Kakhulu kumakhompyutha aphathekayo.

Uma ngabe udonsa kanzima ngempela, lungisa kahle izilungiselelo zezithombe kugeyimu ngokwayo: izithunzi eziphansi, imiphumela ye-volumetric, nokuvinjelwa kwe-ambient Imvamisa ihlinzeka ngokuthuthuka ku-FPS ngaphandle kokulimaza isithombe. Gwema ukukala ngokwedlulele uma ubona ukufiphala futhi uzame ngemikhawulo ye-FPS ukuze uzuze izikhathi zozimele ezizinzile.

Uma ukhetha inethiwekhi yasekhaya ehlelwe kahle, khetha amaseva aseduze, gcina okokusebenza kwakho kusesikhathini, futhi usebenzise ihadiwe efanele kanye nokulungiselelwa kwesofthiwe, impendulo ithuthuka kakhuluUkunciphisa i-ping ne-input lag akuwona umlingo, kuyindlela yayo: ukubhekana nokuphazamiseka, ukusimamisa i-FPS, beka ithrafikhi kuqala, futhi, lapho kufanele, sebenzisa amathuluzi okubambezeleka okuphansi kuma-peripherals nama-GPU ukuze yonke i-millisecond ibalwe kuwe.

Isihloko esihlobene:

I-PS Portal yengeza imidlalo yamafu futhi iqala ukusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esisha

UDaniel Terrasa

Umhleli okhethekile kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba ze-inthanethi onolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi kumidiya ehlukene yedijithali. Ngisebenze njengomhleli kanye nomdali wokuqukethwe kwe-e-commerce, ukuxhumana, ukumaketha ku-inthanethi kanye nezinkampani zokukhangisa. Ngike ngabhala kumawebhusayithi ezomnotho, ezezimali neminye imikhakha. Umsebenzi wami nawo uwuthando lwami. Manje, ngokusebenzisa izihloko zami ku Tecnobits, ngizama ukuhlola zonke izindaba namathuba amasha izwe lobuchwepheshe elisinikeza lona nsuku zonke ukuze sithuthukise izimpilo zethu.