Isivinini sokuwa samahhala siwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics futhi sibhekisela esivinini esiphezulu esifinyelelwa into ngokuwa mahhala ngaphansi kwethonya elikhethekile lamandla adonsela phansi oMhlaba. Naphezu kokubonakala kwayo kulula, ukubala kwayo kudinga ukuhlaziywa okuqinile nokucatshangelwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi siyini isivinini sokuwa samahhala nokuthi sinqunywa kanjani, singena emigomeni yetiyori kanye namafomula ezibalo alawulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizohlola ezinye izibonelo okusebenzayo ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwazo ezimeni zangempela futhi uqonde ukuhambisana kwazo emagatsheni ahlukene esayensi nobunjiniyela. Zilungiselele ukucwila emhlabeni othakazelisayo wokuwa kwamahhala futhi wembule izimfihlakalo zejubane esimweni sawo esimsulwa!
1. Isingeniso sesivinini sokuwa samahhala
Ijubane lokuwa mahhala liwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics, ikakhulukazi i-classical mechanics. Isho isivinini into esiyitholayo ngokuwa mahhala ngaphansi kwethonya elikhethekile lamandla adonsela phansi, ngaphandle kokumelana komoya noma amanye amandla angaphandle. Lesi sivinini sihlala njalo futhi siyasheshisa njengoba into iwa.
Ukuze kubalwe isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, kusetshenziswe ifomula v = g * t, lapho u-v eyisivinini, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, futhi t yisikhathi lapho into iwa khona. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi emhlabeni cishe kungama-9.8 m/s² ukuya phansi.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga okuhlobene nesivinini sokuwa samahhala, kufanele siqale sihlonze ulwazi olwaziwayo nolungaziwa. Khona-ke, sisebenzisa ifomula eshiwo ngenhla ukubala isivinini. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isivinini sokuwa samahhala sisebenza kuphela lapho kungekho amanye amandla. Uma kukhona ukumelana komoya noma amanye amandla, ukubala kuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezibalo ezengeziwe. Ngezansi kukhona ezinye izibonelo zezinkinga zokuwa kwejubane ezixazululiwe ukuze kuqondwe kangcono.
Isibonelo sokuqala: Into iwiswa phezulu kwebhilidi. Uma isikhathi sokuwa siyimizuzwana emi-1, singakanani isivinini esifinyelela kuyo lapho ifika phansi?
Isixazululo: Sisebenzisa ifomula v = g * t, lapho g = 9.8 m/s² kanye no-t = 3 s, singabala isivinini (v) ngokufaka amanani esikhundleni sokubala:
v = 9.8 m/s² * 3 s = 29.4 m/s
Ngakho-ke, isivinini into efinyelela kuyo lapho ishaya phansi ngu-29.4 m/s.
2. Incazelo kanye nomqondo wokuwa mahhala
Ukuwa kwamahhala kuwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics ochaza ukunyakaza kwento ewa ngaphandle kokumelana nomoya noma amanye amandla angaphandle. Kulo mongo, into ithathwa njengesekwindla mahhala lapho ingaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi kuphela. woMhlaba.
Ekwindla yamahhala, okuwukuphela kwethonya entweni amandla adonsela phansi, okuyinikeza ukusheshisa okuhlala phansi okucishe kube ngamamitha angu-9.8 ngesekhondi yesikwele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isivinini sento siyakhula njengoba iwa, njengoba ukusheshisa kuhlala njalo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isiqondiso sokusheshisa sihlale sibheke phansi, kungakhathaliseki ukunyakaza kokuqala kwento.
Ukuwa kwamahhala kungase kube umqondo odidayo kwabanye, kodwa kungase kubonakale kalula ngokucabanga ukujikijela into phezulu naphansi. Phakathi nalo mzila obheke phansi, into ikwi-free fall, njengoba okuwukuphela kwamandla asebenza kuyo amandla adonsela phansi. Lokhu kuphambene nokuya phezulu, lapho amandla adonsela phansi ephikisana nokunyakaza kwento. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuwa kwamahhala kwenzeka kuphela endaweni engenalutho noma ezindaweni lapho ukumelana komoya kuthathwa njengento engenamsebenzi.
3. Ithonya lamandla adonsela phansi ejubaneni lokuwa kwamahhala
Amandla adonsela phansi adlala indima ebalulekile esivinini sokuwa samahhala sento. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi athonya kanjani lesi simo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izinto ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, isivinini sokuwa samahhala sento silingana ngokuqondile nesikhathi ebiwa ngaso. Njengoba isikhathi sihamba, isivinini sikhula kancane kancane.
Ukwengeza, amandla adonsela phansi athinta isivinini sokuwa mahhala ngokusheshisa into eyehlayo. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi eMhlabeni cishe ku-9,8 m/s². Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzuzwana ngamunye, ijubane lokuwa likhuphuka ngamamitha angu-9,8 ngomzuzwana. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi anomphumela ofanayo zonke izinto, kungakhathaliseki ubuningi bayo.
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa samahhala sento, ungasebenzisa ifomula v = g * t, lapho u-v emelela isivinini, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, futhi u-t yisikhathi. Ukuxazulula ifomula, sithola ukuthi isivinini silingana nokusheshiswa kwamandla adonsela phansi aphindwe isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukubala isivinini sokuwa mahhala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, inqobo nje uma ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kucatshangelwa.
4. Ifomula yokubala isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa samahhala, kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo:
V = √(2 * g * h)
Lapho u-V emelela isivinini sokugcina, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, futhi u-h ubude lapho into iwela khona. Lesi sibalo siwusizo ekuqondeni ijubane lezinto ekwindla yamahhala, njenge-skydiver noma into eyehlisiwe isuka ekuphakameni okuthile.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekubaleni isivinini sokuwa mahhala ukwazi inani lokusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, g. Emhlabeni, ukusheshisa okumaphakathi ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi cishe kungama-9.8 m/s². Nokho, lesi sibalo singahluka kancane ngokuya ngendawo kanye nokuphakama.
Uma inani lika-g selaziwa, isinyathelo sesibili ukunquma ubude lapho into iwela khona, h. Lokhu kungase kube umphumela wesibalo sangaphambilini noma nje ukulinganisa okwaziwayo. Manje, ngokufaka amanani ka-g no-h kufomula, singakwazi ukubala isivinini sokuwa samahhala. Isibonelo, uma g = 9.8 m/s² kanye no-h = 50 amamitha, isivinini sokuwa samahhala sizoba:
V = √(2 * 9.8 * 50) = √(980) ≈ 31.30 m/s
5. Izinguquko ezithinta isivinini sokuwa samahhala
Kukhona izinto ezimbalwa emkhakheni wamandla adonsela phansi. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu ubukhulu bento. Uma ubukhulu buba bukhulu, kukhulu ukumelana nokunyakaza futhi ngenxa yalokho kwehla isivinini samahhala sokuwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuminyana kwendawo lapho into iwela khona nakho kuthinta isivinini. Uma into iwela endaweni eminyene, njengamanzi, izothola ukumelana okukhulu futhi isivinini sayo sokuwa samahhala sizoba ngaphansi.
Okunye okuhlukile okuthinta isivinini sokuwa samahhala yi-coefficient yokudonsa. Le coefficient incike ekubunjweni nangaphezulu kwento ehambayo. Uma iphezulu i-coefficient yokuhudula, kulapho ukumelana okukhulu kwento ebhekana nakho futhi yehlisa isivinini sayo samahhala sokuwa. Ekugcineni, ukuphakama okuvela kuyo into yehliswa nakho kuthonya isivinini sayo. Njengoba ukuphakama kukhuphuka, into ithola isivinini esikhulu ngenxa yokusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi.
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa samahhala sento, amafomula ahlukene angasetshenziswa. Enye esetshenziswa kakhulu ifomula yokugcina yesivinini, etholakala kulesi sibalo esilandelayo: v = √(2 * g * h), lapho u-v eyisivinini sokugcina, u-g ukusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi futhi u-h ukuphakama okuvela kuyo into iwisiwe. Ungasebenzisa futhi ifomula yesivinini esimaphakathi, etholwa ngokuhlukanisa ibanga elihanjiwe ngesikhathi esidlule ngesikhathi sokuwa.
6. Ukuhlolwa nezilinganiso zesivinini sokuwa samahhala
Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwenza. Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isivinini sokuwa samahhala sibhekisela esivinini lapho into iwela khona ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, ngaphandle kokucabangela ukumelana komoya noma ezinye izici zangaphandle.
1. Ukulungiselela isilingo: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale, qiniseka ukuthi unazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, njengesitophuwashi noma i-tape measure yokukala ibanga. Yenza uhlelo oluningiliziwe lokuhlolwa, uchaze ukuthi yikuphi okuguquguqukayo okuzolinganiswa nokuthi izilinganiso zizokwenziwa kanjani.
2. Inqubo yokuhlola: Ukuze ulinganise isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, ungenza isilingo esilandelayo: Khetha into encane, eminyene, njengebhola legalofu, futhi uthole indawo ephakeme ongayiyeka iwe ngokukhululeka. Sebenzisa isitophuwashi ukukala isikhathi esithathayo ukuze uwe usuka endaweni ekhethiwe uye phansi.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha: Uma usuqoqe idatha yakho yokulinganisa, ungakwazi ukubala isivinini sokuwa samahhala usebenzisa ifomula v = g * t, lapho u-v eyisivinini, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, futhi u-t isikhathi sokuwa. Khumbula ukuthi ebusweni boMhlaba, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi cishe ku-9.8 m/s^2.
Khumbula ukulandela zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo lapho wenza lokhu kuhlola futhi uhlale wenza izilinganiso eziningi ukuze uthole imiphumela enembe kakhulu.
7. Ijubane lokuwa kwamahhala kumaplanethi nezinyanga ezahlukene zesimiso sonozungezilanga
Esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga, ijubane lokuwa kwamahhala liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi iplanethi noma inyanga okukhulunywa ngayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubukhulu kanye ne-radius yendikimba ngayinye yasezulwini ithonya amandla adonsela phansi asebenza entweni ngokuwa mahhala. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungabala kanjani ijubane lokuwa kwamahhala kumaplanethi nezinyanga ezahlukahlukene, ukuze ube nombono ocacile wokuthi isisindo sakho singahluka kanjani komunye nomunye wabo:
1. Into yokuqala okufanele ukwenze ukuphenya amandla adonsela phansi eplanethini ethile noma enyangeni ethile. Lolu lwazi ungaluthola emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ethembekile, njenge-NASA noma izincwadi zesayensi. Bhala phansi inani lamandla adonsela phansi ngamamitha ngomzuzwana wesikwele (m/s2).
2. Ukusebenzisa ifomula yesivinini sokuwa yamahhala, okungukuthi v = √(2 * g * h), kuphi g amandla adonsela phansi futhi h ukuphakama okuvela kukho, ungakwazi ukubala isivinini ongawela ngaso eplanethini noma enyangeni ekhethiwe. Khumbula ukuthi ukuphakama h ithonya umphumela, ngakho-ke gcina lokho engqondweni lapho wenza izibalo zakho.
8. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesivinini sokuwa samahhala nesikhathi sokuwa
Lona umqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics. Isivinini sokuwa samahhala sisho isivinini esifinyelelwa into eyehliswa isuka ekuphakameni okunikeziwe ngaphandle komthelela wangaphandle othinta ukunyakaza kwayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isikhathi sokuwa yisikhathi esithathwayo ukuze into eshiwo ifike phansi isuka endaweni yayo yokuqala.
Ukuze ubale i-, ungasebenzisa i-equation yamahhala yokuwa. Le zibalo ithi isivinini sokugcina sento ekwindla yamahhala silingana nokusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi aphindwe ngesikhathi sokuwa. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi endaweni yoMhlaba cishe kungamamitha angu-9.8 ngomzuzwana wesikwele.
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, vele uphindaphinde ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi ngesikhathi sokuwa. Isibonelo, uma into yehliswa isuka kubude obungamamitha angu-100 futhi sifuna ukwazi ukuthi ijubane layo liyoba yini uma ifika phansi ngemva kwamasekhondi angu-5 wokuwa, singasebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:
- V = g * t
Lapho u-V emele isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi futhi t isikhathi sokuwa. Ukufaka amanani aziwayo kufomula, sithola:
- V = 9.8 m/s2 *5s
Manje singakwazi ukubala isivinini:
- V = 49 m/s
Ngakho-ke, isivinini sokuwa samahhala sale nto ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-5 yokuwa sizoba ngamamitha angu-49 ngomzuzwana.
9. Ukubaluleka kwesivinini sokuwa samahhala kubunjiniyela nefiziksi
Isivinini sokuwa samahhala siyipharamitha eyisisekelo kwezobunjiniyela nefiziksi, njengoba sisivumela ukuthi siqonde futhi sibikezele ukunyakaza kwezinto ekwindla yamahhala. Kulo mongo, ukuwa kwamahhala kubhekwa lapho into ihamba ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa noma ukumelana nomoya.
Kwezobunjiniyela, isivinini sokuwa samahhala sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekuhlaziyeni izakhiwo, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokwakha nokwakhiwa kwebhuloho. Ngokwazi isivinini sokuwa samahhala sezinto ezisindayo, onjiniyela banganquma, isibonelo, amandla adingekayo wezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni ukumelana nomthwalo walezo zinto lapho zithinta isakhiwo.
Ku-physics, ukufundwa kwejubane lokuwa mahhala kubalulekile ekuqondeni nasekusebenziseni imithetho ye-gravity. Izibalo nezimiso ezihlobene nokuwa kwamahhala zisivumela ukuba sibale ngokunembile ibanga elihanjwe yinto njengomsebenzi wesikhathi, isivinini sayo sokugcina lapho ifika phansi, kanye namandla ayo e-kinetic kule nqubo. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kuchazwe izenzakalo ezihlobene namandla adonsela phansi, njengokuhamba kwamaplanethi noma umkhondo wento endaweni engenalutho.
10. Izibalo zejubane lokuwa zamahhala nezibonelo ezisebenzayo
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizohlola i-. Isivinini sokuwa samahhala sisho isivinini esitholwe yinto ngokuwa mahhala ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kuphela. Kungumqondo obalulekile ku-physics futhi isetshenziswa emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela kubukhenikha kuya kusayensi yezinkanyezi.
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, okokuqala sidinga ukwazi okuguquguqukayo okubili okubalulekile: ukuphakama okuvela kuyo into kanye nesikhathi esithathayo ukuwa. Ngenhlanhla, kukhona amafomula athile okubala isivinini sokuwa samahhala ezimeni ezahlukene. Nansi indlela evamile yokubala isivinini sokuwa samahhala:
- Isinyathelo 1: Thola ubude lapho into iwela khona. Lokhu kungaba ukuphakama okwaziwayo noma kungabalwa kusetshenziswa amanye amafomula nedatha.
- Isinyathelo 2: Nquma isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze into iwe. Lokhu kungase kudinge idatha eyengeziwe noma kungabalwa kusetshenziswa isibalo sokunyakaza okusheshiswe ngokufanayo.
- Isinyathelo 3: Kusetshenziswa ifomula yesivinini sokuwa yamahhala, engu-v = g * t, lapho u-v emelela isivinini, u-g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi futhi t isikhathi sokuwa.
Ake sibheke isibonelo esisebenzayo ukuze siqonde kangcono isibalo sejubane lokuwa lamahhala. Ake sithi siwisa ibhola ukusuka ekuphakameni okungamamitha angu-50 futhi sifuna ukuthola isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala uma sekudlule imizuzwana emi-3. Ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla, singabala okulandelayo:
- Ubude (h): 50 amamitha
- Isikhathi (t): 3 imizuzwana
Sisebenzisa ifomula v = g * t, lapho ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi cishe ku-9.8 m/s², singabala isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala:
Isivinini = 9.8 m/s² * 3 s = 29.4 m/s
Ngakho-ke, ijubane lokuwa lamahhala lebhola ngemuva kwemizuzwana emi-3 yokuwa lisuka ekuphakameni okungamamitha angama-50 lingu-29.4 m/s. Khumbula ukuthi lezi zibalo ziyizibonelo kuphela futhi amasu afanayo angasetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukene zokuwa mahhala.
11. Ukuhunyushwa nokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela yesivinini sokuwa samahhala
Ukuze uhumushe futhi uhlaziye imiphumela yesivinini sokuwa kwamahhala, kuyadingeka ukulandela eminye izinyathelo ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, lonke ulwazi olubalulekile kufanele luqoqwe, njengedatha yokuhlola yobude lapho into yehliswe khona kanye nesikhathi esithathiwe ukuze ifike phansi. Le datha kufanele irekhodwe ngokunembile nangokunembile.
Uma idatha isiqoqiwe, isivinini sokuwa samahhala singabalwa. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa ifomula yezibalo isivinini = ibanga / isikhathi. Kumelwe kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kokubili ibanga nesikhathi kukumayunithi afanayo okulinganisa, noma amamitha namasekhondi noma izinyawo namasekhondi.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya imiphumela etholiwe. Isivinini esibaliwe singaqhathaniswa nesivinini sethiyori sokuwa kwamahhala, esingaba ngu-9.8 m/s² ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zamandla adonsela phansi eMhlabeni. Uma imiphumela ihluke kakhulu kulelivelu lethiyori, kungase kube namaphutha kudatha yokuhlola, ekubalweni okwenziwe noma kunqubo esetshenzisiwe. Kulesi simo, kuhle ukuthi ubuyekeze zonke izinyathelo zangaphambilini futhi uqinisekise ukunemba nokuvumelana kwedatha eqoqwe.
12. Isivinini sokuwa samahhala kanye nobudlelwano bakho namandla omthelela
Isivinini sokuwa samahhala siyisilinganiso esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho uhlaziya amandla omthelela entweni. Lesi sivinini sisho isivinini lapho into iwela khona ngokukhululeka ngaphansi kwethonya elikhethekile lamandla adonsela phansi. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesivinini sokuwa kwamahhala namandla omthelela buhlobene ngokuqondile. Ngezansi kunencazelo enemininingwane yokuthi kuxazululwa kanjani le nkinga.
Ukuze ubale isivinini sokuwa samahhala sento, le fomula elandelayo ingasetshenziswa:
v = √(2gh)
Kuphi:
– v ijubane lokuwa mahhala ngamamitha ngomzuzwana (m/s)
– g ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, cishe u-9.8 m/s²
– h ubude lapho into iwela khona ngamamitha (m)
Ngokwazi ubude lapho into iwela khona, ungasebenzisa ifomula ukubala isivinini sayo sokuwa samahhala. Lesi sivinini sizoba yisici esinqumayo sokubala amandla okuthinta into ezowathola lapho ifika phansi.
13. Izinto ezingashintsha isivinini sokuwa samahhala empilweni yangempela
1. Ubuningi bento: Isisindo sento ekwindla yamahhala singathinta isivinini sokuwa. Ngokomthetho Wesibili kaNewton, amandla anetha asetshenziswa entweni alingana nomkhiqizo wesisindo kanye nokusheshisa. Ngakho-ke, uma ubukhulu bukhulu, amandla amakhulu adonsela phansi asebenza entweni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isivinini sokuwa sikhulu. Nokho, ukumelana komoya nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba kungamelana nokusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi ezintweni ezinobukhulu obukhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezintweni ezinkulu, eziminyene, isivinini sokuwa singase sibe phansi uma siqhathaniswa nezinto ezincane, ezilula.
2. Ukumelana nomoya: Isivinini sokuwa singathinteka ukumelana komoya. Njengoba into iwa, ibhekana nokumelana nomoya, okunganciphisa isivinini sayo. Ubukhulu balokhu kumelana kuncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuma nobukhulu bento, kanye nokuminyana kwendawo etholakala kuyo. Kwezinye izimo, njengophaphe, ukumelana komoya kungaba okubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi into iwela kancane kakhulu kunokulindelekile uma kuqhathaniswa nento eminyene, ehlangene kakhulu.
3. Umthelela wokuphakama: Ukuphakama lapho into etholakala khona kungase kuthinte isivinini sayo sokuwa samahhala. Njengoba i-altitude ikhula, ukuminyana komoya kuyehla, kunciphisa ukumelana nento ehlangabezana nayo lapho iwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphakama kokuphakama, kwehla ukumelana komoya kanye nesivinini esiwayo sento. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lo mphumela ubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, njenge-stratosphere, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphakama okuphansi lapho izinguquko zokuminyana komoya zingabaluleki kangako.
14. Iziphetho ngesivinini sokuwa kwamahhala kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene
Sengiphetha, isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala siwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics esivumela ukuthi siqonde ukunyakaza kwezinto ekuwa okuthe mpo. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe izici eziyinhloko ezihlobene nalesi sihloko, njengokusheshisa amandla adonsela phansi, ifomula yokubala isivinini sokuwa kanye nokucatshangelwa okwengeziwe okufanele kucatshangelwe.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ijubane lokuwa kwamahhala alixhomekile kubuningi bento ehambayo, kodwa kuphela ekuphuthumeni kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye nesikhathi esidlulile. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise le fomula kuzimo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ku-basic physics kuya ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nocwaningo lokunyakaza kwemizimba yasezulwini.
Ukwengeza, sibone izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo zesivinini sokuwa samahhala, njengokunquma ubude besakhiwo usebenzisa into ewayo, noma ukulinganisa ukujula komthombo ngokulinganisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze into ifike phansi. Lezi zibonelo zisibonisa ukuba wusizo kwalo mqondo emhlabeni wangempela nokubaluleka kwawo emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi nobunjiniyela.
Kafushane, isivinini sokuwa samahhala siyithuluzi eliyisisekelo lokuqonda ukunyakaza kwezinto ekwindla eqondile. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimweni ezehlukene kusivumela ukuthi sixazulule izinkinga ezingokoqobo futhi siqonde izenzakalo zomzimba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ifomula yokubala isivinini sokuwa isekelwe ekusheshiseni amandla adonsela phansi kanye nesikhathi esidlulile, nokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kungaholela eziphethweni ezibalulekile emagatsheni ahlukahlukene esayensi nobuchwepheshe.
Sengiphetha, isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala siwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics ochaza isivinini esifinyelelwa yizinto ngaphandle kwamandla angaphandle. Ngocwaningo nokuhlaziywa kwemithetho yokunyakaza ka-Newton, singakwazi ukunquma isivinini sokuwa samahhala sento ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bayo kanye nokusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi. Lesi sivinini singabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula v = gt, lapho v imele isivinini, g ukusheshisa amandla adonsela phansi, kanye t isikhathi esidlulile.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ijubane lokuwa mahhala lizimele ngobuningi bento okukhulunywa ngayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto ezimbili ezihlukene, kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu bazo, zizofinyelela isivinini esifanayo ekuwa kwamahhala esikhathini se isikhathi esithile. Ngokunjalo, lapho kucutshungulwa ukumelana komoya, uthe isivinini esiphezulu sifinyelelwa ngokushesha futhi sihlala singashintshile ukusuka endaweni ethile.
Ukutadisha isivinini sokuwa kwamahhala kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zesayensi nobunjiniyela, ngoba kusivumela ukuba siqonde ukuziphatha kwemizimba ewayo futhi sibale ngokunembile ama-trajectories kanye nesivinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwama-parachute, izimoto ze-aerospace, imidlalo eyingozi kanye nokunye okuningi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza imikhuba.
Kafushane, ijubane lokuwa kwamahhala liwumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics osivumela ukuthi siqonde futhi sibale isivinini sento ngaphandle kwamandla angaphandle. Ngocwaningo lwemithetho yokunyakaza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafomula athile, singakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile isivinini esifinyelelwe into ekwindla yamahhala. Umlingiswa wayo ozimele ngobuningi kanye nokuhambisana kwayo emikhakheni eyahlukene kwenza lesi sihloko sibe isici esibalulekile ekuqondeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezimiso zomzimba.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.