Ukusabalalisa ukushisa kuyinto eyisisekelo emagatsheni ahlukene esayensi nobunjiniyela. Ukuqonda izindlela zokudlulisa ukushisa kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye kubalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo ezishisayo ezishisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe imiqondo ye-conduction, convection kanye nemisebe njengoba ihlobene nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngokuhlaziya okubanzi kobuchwepheshe, sizohlola ukuthi lezi zinqubo zinethonya kanjani izinga lokushisa lomzimba phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba nokuthi zingalawulwa futhi ziboshwe kanjani ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwezemidlalo kanye nempilo yonke. Hlanganyela nathi kulolu hambo oluya ekuqondeni okujulile kokusakazeka kokushisa kumongo wokuzivocavoca!
1. Isingeniso ekusakazeni ukushisa: ukuqhutshwa, ukuguquguquka kanye nemisebe
Ukusakazeka kokushisa kuyinto eyisisekelo ku-thermal physics futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezicini eziningi zempilo yansuku zonke nobunjiniyela. Ukuqonda izindlela ezahlukene zokusabalalisa ukushisa kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene nokudluliswa kwamandla okushisa. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila ezindleleni ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusabalalisa ukushisa: ukuqhutshwa, ukuguquguquka, kanye nemisebe.
Ukuqhuba inqubo lapho ukushisa kudluliselwa khona ngempahla eqinile ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwamandla e-kinetic kusuka ezinhlayiyeni. Kwenzeka ngokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlayiya eziseduze kwento futhi inesibopho sokudluliswa kokushisa ezintweni eziqinile ezimile noma ezimeni eziqinile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuqhutshwa kwenzeka kuphela ezintweni eziqinile futhi kulawulwa uMthetho kaFourier, othi izinga lokudluliswa kokushisa ngempahla lilingana ngokuqondile nezinga lokushisa kanye ne-thermal conductivity yento.
I-Convection, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isho inqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa ngoketshezi, kungaba uketshezi noma igesi. Ihluke ekuqhubekiseni, i-convection ihilela ukuhamba koketshezi ngokwalo futhi iyindlela ebalulekile ekudluliseni ukushisa ezinhlelweni zokupholisa nezokushisa. Ukuba nokuqonda okucacile kwemiqondo ye-convection yemvelo nokuphoqelelwa, kanye nama-coefficients okudlulisa ukushisa okuguquguqukayo, kubalulekile ukuze kuhlaziywe kahle izinkinga ezihlobene nale ndlela yokusabalalisa ukushisa.
Ekugcineni, imisebe Kuyinqubo ukudluliswa kokushisa okwenzeka ngamagagasi kagesi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sendawo ebonakalayo ukuze sisakazeke. Iwukuphela kwendlela yokusakaza ukushisa engenzeka endaweni engenalutho, okuyenza ibaluleke ekudlulisweni kwamandla okushisa ukusuka eLangeni kuya eMhlabeni. Imisebe eshisayo ilandela uMthetho we-Stefan-Boltzmann, othi izinga lokudluliswa kokushisa okukhazimulayo lilingana nomehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemizimba kanye ne-Stefan-Boltzmann engaguquki.
2. Izindlela zokudlulisa ukushisa: imiqondo eyisisekelo
Izindlela zokudlulisa ukushisa ziyizinqubo zomzimba eziyisisekelo ezenzeka ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kubaluleke kakhulu emikhakheni efana nobunjiniyela, i-physics kanye nekhemistri. Kulesi sigaba, imiqondo eyisisekelo ehlobene nokudlulisa ukushisa izoxoxwa.
Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokudlulisa ukushisa i- conduction. Le nqubo Kwenzeka uma kunomehluko wezinga lokushisa endaweni eqinile yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukuqhuba kulawulwa umthetho kaFourier, othi izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa lilingana nezinga lokushisa kanye ne-thermal conductivity yento. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiqondo ye-conductivity yokushisa, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokubalwa kokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa kuzochazwa.
Enye indlela yokudlulisa ukushisa okufanele icatshangelwe i-convection. Le nqubo yenzeka oketshezini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uketshezi noma amagesi, futhi isekelwe ekuhambeni kwama-athomu uketshezi. Kuzohlukaniswa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-convection: ezemvelo neziphoqelelwe. I-convection yemvelo kwenzeka ngenxa yomehluko wokuminyana obangelwa ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, kuyilapho ukuguquguquka okuphoqelelwe kwenzeka ngokunyakaza kwangaphandle, njengokusetshenziswa kwefeni noma iphampu. Izibalo eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziselwa ukubala ukudluliswa kokushisa okuguquguqukayo kuzoxoxwa ngazo, kanye nezibonelo nezincomo zokuxazulula inkinga ezinikeziwe.
Okwesithathu, indlela yokudlulisa ukushisa ngemisebe izobhekwa. Ngokungafani nalezi ezishiwo ngenhla, imisebe ayidingi isisetshenziswa esibonakalayo ukuze sisakazeke. Esikhundleni salokho, idluliselwa ngamagagasi kagesi, njengokukhanya nokushisa okukhishwa yiLanga Imiqondo eyisisekelo yemisebe eshisayo, njengomthetho kaStefan-Boltzmann kanye nomthetho kaPlanck, izocutshungulwa, futhi izohlinzeka ngolwazi lokuthi kwenziwa kanjani. bala ukudluliswa kokushisa kwemisebe kanye nokusebenza kwayo ezimweni ezihlukene.
Kafushane, lesi sigaba sigxile ezindleleni eziyisisekelo zokudlulisa ukushisa: ukuqhutshwa, ukuguquguquka, kanye nemisebe. Ngezibonelo, izincazelo ezinemininingwane, nemihlahlandlela yokuxazulula inkinga, sifuna ukunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele kwale miqondo ebalulekile ocwaningweni lokudlulisa ukushisa. Ukwenza kahle lezi zindlela kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ithiyori ezimweni ezingokoqobo, njengokuklanywa kwezinhlelo zokupholisa, ukubala ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuqonda izenzakalo ezishisayo emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi nobunjiniyela.
3. Ukusabalalisa ukushisa ngokuqhuba: izimiso kanye nezimo ezihambisanayo
Ukusabalalisa ukushisa ngokuqhuba kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokudlulisa ukushisa kokuqinile. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukudluliswa kwamandla ashisayo phakathi kwezinhlayiya eziseduze ezithintana ngqo. Ukuqhuba kwenzeka ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlayiya, lapho izinhlayiya ezinamandla ashisayo zidlulisela amandla azo ezinhlayiyeni ezinamandla aphansi ashisayo.
Ukugeleza kokushisa okuqhutshwayo kulawulwa uMthetho kaFourier, othi izinga lokudluliswa kokushisa lilingana ngokuqondile nendawo yokudlulisa, i-gradient yezinga lokushisa, kanye ne-thermal conductivity yento. Ukuxazulula izinkinga okuhlobene nokusabalalisa ukushisa ngokuqhutshwa, kuyadingeka ukucabangela lezi zimiso kanye nezimo ezihambisanayo.
Ezinye izibonelo Izindlela ezivamile zokuqhuba ukushisa zihlanganisa ukudluliswa kokushisa ngensimbi yensimbi lapho enye yeziphetho zayo ishisa, noma ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngodonga lapho kunomehluko wokushisa phakathi kobuso bayo ababili. Ukuze uxazulule lezi zinkinga, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afana nezibalo zokuqhuba ukushisa okuhlukile kanye namanani we-thermal conductivity wezinto ezihilelekile. Ngezinyathelo ezinemininingwane, izibalo nezibonelo ezingokoqobo, izixazululo zingatholakala Igxathu emvakwe gxathu ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuqhuba ukushisa.
4. Izibonelo ze-thermal conduction ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba
Ekuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuqhuba okushisayo kuyinqubo eyisisekelo eyenzekayo emzimbeni wethu. Ikhono lemisipha yethu lokukhiqiza ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kanzima komzimba libalulekile ekugcineni izinga lokushisa lomzimba elanele. Ngezansi kukhona izibonelo zendlela ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kwenzeka ngayo ekuvivinyeni umzimba.
Esinye sezibonelo ezivame kakhulu zokuqhutshwa kwe-thermal ekuvivinyeni umzimba ngokuthintana ngqo nezindawo ezishisayo noma ezibandayo. Isibonelo, lapho wenza isimiso sokuzivocavoca endaweni ebandayo yensimbi, njenge-barbell, umzimba wethu uzodlulisela ukushisa kubha ngokuthintana okuqondile. Ngokufanayo, lapho sizivocavoca ngosuku olushisayo futhi sijuluka, ukushisa kuzophela ngokuthintana kwethu nomoya opholile ozungezile.
Esinye isibonelo se-thermal conduction ekuzivocavoca umzimba ngokusebenzisa izingubo ezishisayo. Izingubo ezibambayo, ezivikelayo zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokuvimbela ukushisa ukuthi kungachitheki endaweni ezungezile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa lomzimba elizinzile futhi ukwandise ukusebenza kahle komzimba. Ukwengeza, ezinye izingubo zingase zibe nezakhiwo ezivumela ukushisa ukuthi kugeleze kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme zokushisa kuya ezindaweni ezipholile zomzimba.
5. Ukushisa ukusabalala nge-convection: izici nezinhlelo zokusebenza
Ukusabalala kokushisa nge-convection kuyisenzakalo esibonakalayo esenzeka lapho ukushisa kudluliselwa ngoketshezi olunyakazayo, olufana noketshezi noma igesi. Lolu hlobo lokudlulisa ukushisa luvame kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi, kusukela kuzinhlelo zokupholisa nezokushisa kuya ezinqubweni zezimboni. Ngezansi, sizohlola izici nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zale nqubo.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-convection ukuthi idinga i-medium ehambayo ukudlulisa ukushisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushisa kudluliselwa ngokuhamba kwezinhlayiya zoketshezi, ezishisa kakhulu futhi zihambe ngokushesha, zithuthe ukushisa kwezinye izindawo zoketshezi. Le nqubo ingenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili: i-convection yemvelo kanye ne-convection ephoqelelwe.
I-convection yemvelo yenzeka lapho ukushisa kudluliselwa ngenxa yomehluko wokuminyana oketshezini, okukhiqiza ama-convection currents. I-convection ephoqelelwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihilela ukusetshenziswa yedivayisi yangaphandle, njengefeni noma iphampu, ukuze kukhiqizwe ukunyakaza koketshezi futhi kusheshiswe ukudluliswa kokushisa. Lolu hlobo lwakamuva lwe-convection lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokupholisa nezokushisa, kanye nasezinhlelweni zezimboni lapho kudingeka khona ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile.
6. Ukusebenzisana kokushisa nokuhamba komoya ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
Ukusebenzisana kokushisa nokunyakaza komoya kuwumqondo oyisisekelo esifundweni sokuzivocavoca. Lapho sizivocavoca, umzimba wethu ukhiqiza ukushisa ngenxa yokuzivivinya. Lokhu kushisa kufanele kulawulwe ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lomzimba elinempilo. Umoya onyakazayo udlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo, usiza ukususa ukushisa emzimbeni ngokujuluka nokuhwamuka.
Ukuze uqonde kangcono lokhu kusebenzisana, kubalulekile ukwazi ezinye izici zomoya nokuthi zihlobana kanjani nokushisa. Umoya ofudumele uvame ukuphakama ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo okuphansi, kuyilapho umoya obandayo uvame ukucwila. Lokhu kunyakaza komoya okungokwemvelo kudala ama-convection currents, anesibopho sokuhlakazeka kokushisa endaweni.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokugqugquzela ukusebenzisana kokushisa nokunyakaza komoya ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Enye yazo iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunomoya omuhle endaweni lapho kwenziwa khona umsebenzi womzimba. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuvula amafasitela, ngokusebenzisa amafeni, noma ukukhetha izindawo ezingaphandle ezingakahleleki. Kuyanconywa futhi ukugqoka izingubo eziphefumulayo ezivumela umjuluko ukuba uhwamuke futhi uvimbele umzimba ekushiseni ngokweqile. Kubalulekile ukugcina lezi zincomo engqondweni ukuze uqinisekise ukuzizwisa okuphephile nokunethezekile.
7. Imisebe eshisayo kanye nomthelela wayo emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
Imisebe eshisayo iyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, njengoba kungaba nomthelela omkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Uma sizivocavoca umzimba wethu ukhiqiza ukushisa ngenxa imetabolism yamaseli nokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Lokhu kunqwabelana kokushisa kungakhuphula izinga lokushisa lomzimba futhi kuholele esimweni se-hyperthermia uma kungalawulwa kahle.
Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nokuntuleka kokususwa kokushisa okufanele kungabeka impilo yethu engcupheni. Imisebe eshisayo ingaba nomthelela le nkinga ngokudala ukushintshana kokushisa phakathi komzimba wethu nendawo ezungezile. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa imiphumela yemisebe eshisayo futhi uqinisekise i-thermoregulation eyanele.
Kunamasu ahlukahlukene esingawasebenzisa ukulawula ithonya lemisebe eshisayo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Okunye kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ugqoka izingubo ezifanele ezivumela umjuluko ukuthi uhwamuke futhi wenze kube lula ukuhlakazeka kokushisa. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuhlala unamanzi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, njengoba umjuluko uyindlela engokwemvelo yokupholisa umzimba. Kuyatuswa futhi ukuzivocavoca ngezikhathi lapho amazinga okushisa elinganisene kakhulu, njengasekuseni noma kuhwalala. Lezi zinyathelo zizosiza ukunciphisa umthelela wemisebe yokushisa nokugcina ibhalansi efanele yokushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
8. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokusabalalisa ukushisa kanye nokusabela komzimba ekuzilolongeni
Kuyisihloko esifanele esifundweni sokusebenza ngokomzimba kanye nempilo yabasubathi. Ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba, umzimba ukhiqiza ukushisa ngenxa ye-metabolism yamandla. Lokhu kushisa kubhebhetheka emzimbeni ngenqubo yokuguquguquka kanye nemisebe, okuholela ochungechungeni lwezimpendulo ze-physiological ukugcina i-homeostasis eshisayo.
Ukusabalala kokushisa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kuthintwa izici ezihlukahlukene, njengokushuba nobude besikhathi sokuzivocavoca, izinga lokushisa lendawo, umswakama, nokugeleza komoya. Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokusabela komzimba ekusakazekeni kokushisa ukukhiqizwa komjuluko. Umjuluko uphuma ngezindlala zesikhumba zomjuluko bese uyahwamuka ebusweni, kusize ukuqeda ukushisa okudlulele emzimbeni. Ukwengeza, ukuvuleka kwemithambo yegazi kwenzeka, okwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi esikhumbeni futhi kukhuthaze ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokushisa ngokusebenzisa i-convection.
Okubalulekile, ukusabalala kokushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kungase kube nemiphumela emibi empilweni nasekusebenzeni. Isibonelo, ukuntuleka kokujwayela ukushisa noma ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kungaholela ekuphelelweni kwamanzi emzimbeni, ekushayweni kokushisa, nokunye ukuphazamiseka okuhlobene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukulawula ukusabalala kokushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, njengokuhlala umanzi, ukugqoka izingubo ezifanele, nokulawula ukuqina kanye nesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zemvelo. Ukwengeza, abasubathi nezingcweti zezempilo bangasebenzisa amathuluzi athile kanye nobuchwepheshe ukukala nokuqapha ukusabela komzimba ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, njengamathemometha e-infrared, amadivaysi okuqapha izinga lokushisa lomzimba, nezinhlelo zokulingisa ukusebenza ezimweni ezehlukene zemvelo.
9. Ukuvivinya umzimba kuzishintsha kanjani izinqubo ze-conduction, convection kanye nemisebe yokushisa
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuwumsebenzi okhiqiza ukushisa emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kushisa kukhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ukufinyela kwemisipha phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba. Ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngokuzivocavoca kudluliselwa endaweni ngezinqubo ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-convection, i-convection kanye nemisebe yokushisa. Ngayinye yalezi zinqubo idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
La conduction ukushisa Kwenzeka lapho kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili ezinamazinga okushisa ahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, ukushisa okukhiqizwa emisipha kudluliselwa emzimbeni nasendaweni ngokuthintana okuqondile nezindawo ezizungezile, njengezingubo zokugqoka noma izinto zokuzivocavoca. Le nqubo yokuqhuba isiza ukukhipha ukushisa emzimbeni futhi igcine izinga lokushisa lomzimba elifanele ngesikhathi sokusebenza komzimba.
La ukushisa ukushisa ibhekisela ekudlulisweni kokushisa ngokuhamba koketshezi, njengomoya noma amanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, umoya ozungezile uyafudumala ngenxa yokushisa okukhiqizwa umzimba onyakazayo. Ukushisa kudluliselwa kusuka ebusweni bomzimba kuye emoyeni ozungezile, okusiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngokususa ukushisa okukhulu. Ijubane lokuhamba koketshezi, kulokhu umoya, lingathonya izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa.
10. Ukudlulisa ukushisa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomsebenzi womzimba: ukuhlaziywa okuqhathanisayo
Ucwaningo lokudlulisa ukushisa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomsebenzi womzimba lubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuthi kanjani umzimba womuntu isabela ezimweni ezehlukene zemvelo nokuthi ukulahlekelwa ukushisa noma ukuzuza kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwezemidlalo. Kulokhu kuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo, imisebenzi ehlukene yomzimba, njengokugijima, ukubhukuda, nokuphakamisa izinsimbi, izohlolwa ukuze kuhlonzwe ukufana nokwehluka ekudlulisweni kokushisa.
Ukuze wenze lokhu kuhlaziya, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ubukhulu nokuma komzimba womuntu kuthonya indawo engaphezulu etholakalayo yokudlulisa ukushisa. Emisebenzini efana nokugijima nokuphakamisa izinsimbi, umzimba uchayeka ekugelezeni komoya okukhulu, okusiza ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngokusebenzisa i-convection. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho ubhukuda, indawo yokuxhumana namanzi inkulu, okwandisa ukudluliswa kokushisa ngokuqhuba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina kanye nobude besikhathi sokusebenza komzimba nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekudluliseni ukushisa. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca isikhathi eside, okunamandla, umzimba ukhiqiza ukushisa kwangaphakathi okwengeziwe, okungaholela esidingweni esikhulu sokukhipha ukushisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushisa. Ngalo mqondo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu okupholisa afanelekile, njengokunisela amanzi njalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingubo eziphefumulayo, ukuze kube lula ukuhwamuka komjuluko nokugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba lilawulwa.
11. Izici ezithinta ukushisa ukusakazeka ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca: ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile
Ukusabalala kokushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kungathonywa yizici eziningana ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze kugcinwe ukulawulwa okwanele kokushisa komzimba. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezicatshangelwayo:
- Ukungena komoya kanye nokujikeleza komoya: Ukujikeleza komoya okulungile kubalulekile ukuze kube lula ukuchithwa kokushisa okukhiqizwa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Kunconywa ukwenza umsebenzi womzimba ezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle noma ngaphandle, ukugwema izimo zomswakama ophezulu noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu.
- Ropa adecuada: Uhlobo lwezingubo lokho kusetshenziswa Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kungathinta nokusakazeka kokushisa. Kubalulekile ukukhetha izingubo eziphefumulayo ezivumela umjuluko ukuba uhwamuke, ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukushisa komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukugqoka ukukhanya, izingubo ezilula ukukhombisa imisebe yelanga nokunciphisa ukumuncwa kokushisa.
- Ukufakwa kwamanzi emzimbeni: Ukugcina amanzi okwanele ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba. Umjuluko okhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba unomthelela ekulahlekelweni kwamanzi kanye nama-electrolyte, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwashintsha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kuqinisekiswe ibhalansi efanele yokushisa.
Kafushane, ukukhuthaza ukusakazeka kokushisa okufanele ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okwanele kanye nokujikeleza komoya, sebenzisa izingubo ezifanele ezivumela ukujuluka, futhi ugcine ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele. Lezi zici zinomthelela ekugcineni izinga lokushisa elilungile lomzimba kanye nokuvimbela izinkinga ezingaba khona ezivela ekushiseni okweqile ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
12. Amathuluzi ezobuchwepheshe okulinganisa nokulawula ukusakazeka kokushisa phakathi nokuzivocavoca
Ukulinganisa nokulawula ukusakazeka kokushisa phakathi nokuzivocavoca, kunamathuluzi amaningana ezobuchwepheshe atholakalayo angaba usizo olukhulu. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi wenze izilinganiso ezinembile futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ukuze ugweme izimo ezishisayo nokulimala.
Enye yamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-thermometer ye-infrared, evumela linganisa izinga lokushisa ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuqondile. Lolu hlobo lwe-thermometer lungasetshenziswa ukuqapha izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabasubathi ngaphambi, phakathi nangemuva kokuzivocavoca, kanye nezinga lokushisa lemishini nezindawo. Ukugcina ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okunembayo kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ukulimala nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Elinye ithuluzi elibalulekile imitha yomswakama ohlobene, okuvumela ukuthi ulinganise inani lomswakama okhona endaweni. Umswakama ohlobene uthonya ukuzwa okushisayo futhi ungabhebhethekisa imiphumela yokushisa ekuzilolongeni. Ngale mitha, kungenzeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula umswakama futhi udale indawo ekhululekile nephephile kubasubathi.
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13. Izicelo ezisebenzayo zokusabalalisa ukushisa kwezemidlalo nezokwelapha
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Ulwazi lokusakazwa kokushisa ludlala indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wezemidlalo nemithi, lunikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezizuzisa abasubathi kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo. A kwezicelo Okuphawuleka kakhulu yi-thermotherapy, equkethe ukusetshenziswa okulawulwayo kokushisa ngezinjongo zokwelapha. Isetshenziselwa kokubili ezemidlalo kanye nemithi ukukhulula ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokusheshisa ukululama kokulimala.
Emkhakheni wezemidlalo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-thermotherapy kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuphumelela ekulungiseleleni abagijimi ngaphambi kokusebenza ngokomzimba, njengoba kusiza ukufudumala imisipha nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo. Ukwengeza, ngemva kokuzivocavoca okukhulu, ukusebenzisa ukushisa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwemisipha nokukhulula ubuhlungu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene afana nokucindezela okushisayo, ukugeza kwamanzi ashisayo noma imishini ekhethekile ehlinzeka ngokushisa kwendawo.
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ukusakazwa kokushisa kusetshenziswa ekwelashweni kokuvuselela ukukhulula ubuhlungu nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-musculoskeletal, njengokulimala kwezemidlalo, isifo samathambo noma ubuhlungu obungapheli. Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni ethintekile, okwenza kube lula ukulungiswa kwezicubu ezonakalisiwe futhi kukhulule izimpawu. Ibuye isetshenziswe ekwelashweni kwe-physiotherapy ukunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kweziguli.
Kafushane, ukusabalalisa ukushisa kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisebenzayo emkhakheni wezemidlalo nezokwelapha. I-Thermotherapy isetshenziselwa kokubili ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezemidlalo nokwelapha ukulimala kwemisipha nezifo. Ngokusetshenziswa kahle kokushisa, kungenzeka ukukhulula ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokusheshisa ukuphulukiswa, ukuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile kubo bobabili abagijimi kanye neziguli zokuvuselela.
14. Iziphetho: ukubaluleka kokuqonda izindlela zokushisa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
Sengiphetha, ukuqonda izindlela zokusabalala kokushisa ekuzilolongeni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokugcina impilo eyanele phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba. Kulo lonke lolu cwaningo, kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi ulwazi lwalezi zindlela lusivumela ukuba sibone izici ezibalulekile ezithonya ukulawulwa kokushisa komzimba futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile noma i-hypothermia.
Esinye seziphetho eziyinhloko ezitholakele ukuthi i-thermoregulation yomzimba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa izindlela zokudlulisa ukushisa ezihlukene, ezifana ne-conduction, convection kanye nokuhwamuka. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zindlela zokudlulisa zithintwa kanjani izici ezifana nokuqina kokuzivocavoca, umswakama wendawo, nezingubo ezisetshenzisiwe. Ngalolu lwazi olunemininingwane kuphela singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinqubo zethu zokuzivocavoca kanye namasu okukhipha amanzi ukuze sifinyelele ibhalansi ephumelelayo yokushisa.
Esinye isiphetho esiphawulekayo ukubaluleka kokuba namathuluzi afanele okulinganisa nokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba. Amathemometha e-infrared, izinzwa zokushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha okuqhubekayo ziyizinsiza ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukushisa okunqwabelene emzimbeni nokuvimbela izinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Ngokufanayo, isidingo semfundo eqhubekayo mayelana nezingozi kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezihlobene nokulawulwa kokushisa kuye kwabonakala, ikakhulukazi kubasubathi kanye nochwepheshe bokuzivocavoca.
Kafushane, ukusabalala kokushisa ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuqhuba, ukuguquguquka kanye nemisebe yinto edlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi zomzimba nezobuchwepheshe. Kulesi sihloko, sihlole izisekelo zethiyori ngemuva kwalezi zindlela, sigqamisa izici zazo eziyinhloko kanye nezicelo ezifanele.
Ukuqhuba, okuwukudlulisa ukushisa ngezinto eziqinile, kulawulwa umthetho kaFourier futhi kuncike ekuphatheni okushisayo kwempahla. Siqonde ukuthi ukugeleza kokushisa kumiswa kanjani kuwo wonke ama-gradients okushisa nokuthi ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kungahluka kanjani ezintweni nezimo ezahlukahlukene.
Okulandelayo, sihlola i-convection, ehlanganisa ukudluliswa kokushisa ngoketshezi olunyakazayo. Saqonda imiqondo yokuguquguquka kwemvelo nokuphoqelelwa, kanye nezibalo eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekubalweni kwama-coefficients okudlulisa ukushisa okuguquguqukayo. Ukwengeza, sihlola ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-convection kumasistimu amaningi wokupholisa nawokushisisa.
Okokugcina, sibhekana nesimo semisebe eshisayo, okuwukusakazwa kokushisa ngamagagasi kagesi. Sihlole imithetho eyisisekelo yemisebe, njengomthetho we-Stefan-Boltzmann kanye nomthetho ka-Plack, futhi saqonda ukubaluleka kokukhipha umoya kanye nokumunca ekudluliseni ukushisa kwemisebe.
Ngalesi sihloko, sithole ukuqonda okuqinile kwezinqubo eziyisisekelo zokusabalalisa ukushisa ngokusebenzisa i-conduction, convection, kanye nemisebe. Lokhu kusivumele ukuba sazise ukubaluleka kwalezi zigigaba ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe ngisho zansuku zonke. Ngokuziqonda kangcono lezi zinqubo, singathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kumasistimu e-HVAC, sidizayine izinto ezingcono zokuvikela ukushisa, futhi sithuthukise ukudluliswa kokushisa kumasistimu namadivayisi ahlukahlukene.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.