Ezweni lanamuhla elixhumeke kakhulu, ukuba noxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluthembekile nolusheshayo kukhompyutha yethu sekuyisidingo esingenakugwenywa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokuthumela ama-imeyili, ukuphequlula iwebhu noma ukusakaza okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, ukukhetha komnikezeli we-inthanethi kanye nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ku-PC yethu yizici ezibalulekile ezizonquma ikhwalithi yoxhumo lwethu . Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-inthanethi esingaba nalo ku-PC yethu, sihlole izinketho ezahlukene ezitholakalayo emakethe futhi sinikeze ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe oluyinhloso ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isinqumo unolwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi i-inthanethi elungele izidingo zakho.
Ukucushwa okuyisisekelo kwe-inthanethi ku-PC yami
Ngaphambi kokuthi ujabulele uxhumano lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukumisa okuyisisekelo okuqinisekisa ukuzulazula okuphelele Lapha sizokuchaza Igxathu emvakwe gxathu ukwenza kanjani lokhu kumisa ngendlela elula nephumelelayo.
1. Hlola uxhumo olubonakalayo: Qiniseka ukuthi ikhebuli ye-Ethernet ixhunywe ngendlela efanele embobeni yenethiwekhi ye-PC yakho kanye nerutha noma imodemu. Uma usebenzisa uxhumano olungenantambo, qinisekisa ukuthi i-adaptha yakho ye-Wi-Fi ivuliwe futhi ilungiswe kahle. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi usungule ukuxhumana okuzinzile futhi ugweme ukuphazamiseka.
2. Lungisa ikheli lakho le-IP: Finyelela kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ye-PC yakho bese ukhetha inketho yokumisa ngesandla. Esigabeni se-TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), faka ikheli le-IP elivumelekile lenethiwekhi yangakini. Leli kheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi kufanele libe phakathi kwebanga elivunyelwe umzila wakho. Uma ungaqiniseki, ungabheka imanuwali yerutha yakho noma uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.
3. Lungisa i-DNS yakho: Amaseva e-DNS anesibopho sokuhumusha amagama wesizinda abe amakheli e-IP. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphequlula okushelelayo, lungiselela amaseva afanelekile e-DNS. Uncamela amaseva e-DNS asesidlangalaleni njenge-Google (8.8.8.8 ne-8.8.4.4) noma i-OpenDNS (208.67.222.222 kanye ne-208.67.220.220). Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ngokushesha amawebhusayithi futhi ugweme ukuxhumeka noma izinkinga zokulayisha kancane.
Ngokulandela le miyalo, uzokwazi ukwenza ukucushwa kwe-inthanethi okuyisisekelo ku-PC yakho ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Khumbula ukuthi kubalulekile ukugcina ikhompuyutha yakho ivuselelwe futhi ivikelwe ngesivikeli magciwane esihle ukuze uqinisekise ukuzizwisa okuku-inthanethi okuphephile nokungenazinkinga. Manje ungajabulela ukuphequlula okushelelayo futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele izinsiza ezinikezwa yi-inthanethi!
Ihlola isivinini soxhumano lwami lwe-inthanethi
Uma usebenzisa i-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukwazi isivinini sokuxhumeka kwethu ukuze sikwazi ukujabulela ukuzizwisa okusamanzi nokungaphazamiseki. Ngenhlanhla, kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene namawebhusayithi asivumela ukuthi sihlole isivinini soxhumano lwethu lwe-inthanethi ngokushesha futhi kalula. Lapha sethula ezinye izindlela namathiphu ukuze ukwazi ukwenza lokhu kuhlola ngempumelelo:
1. Sebenzisa amawebhusayithi akhethekile: Kunamakhasi ewebhu amaningi aklanyelwe ukukala isivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi. Ezinye ezidume kakhulu yilezi Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini y I-Fast.com. Lezi zinkundla zikunikeza ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwesivinini sakho sokulanda nokulayisha, kanye neminye imingcele efana ne-latency ne-ping. Vele ufinyelele lawa masayithi esipheqululini sakho bese uchofoza okuthi “qala” ukuze uthole imiphumela.
2. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula: Uma ufuna ukuhlola isivinini soxhumano lwakho kusuka kumakhalekhukhwini wakho, ungadawuniloda izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisipesheli sokukala isivinini se-inthanethi. Ezinye izinketho ezidumile zihlanganisa Isivinini se-Ookla ye-Android kanye Isivinini se-Ookla ye-iOS. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zikuvumela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zesivinini noma nini, noma kuphi, zikunikeza ulwazi olunembile mayelana noxhumo lwakho lwe-inthanethi.
3. Cabangela uhlobo lokuxhumana: Khumbula ukuthi isivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi singahluka kuye ngohlobo lobuchwepheshe obusebenzisayo. Isibonelo, ukuxhumeka okunezintambo kuvame ukuzinza futhi kusheshe kakhulu kunokuxhumana okungenantambo, okufana ne-Wi-Fi noma i-4G. Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zesivinini, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi usebenzisa uhlobo lokuxhumana olulungele izidingo zakho. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ubuyekeze izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nezishayeli ukuze uthuthukise uxhumano lwakho.
Ungalithuthukisa kanjani ijubane lami le-inthanethi ku-PC
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa isivinini sakho se-inthanethi ku-PC yakho. Nawa amanye amathiphu namasu angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uxhumano lwakho:
1. Hlola isivinini sakho se-inthanethi: Ngaphambi kokufuna izindlela zokuthuthukisa isivinini sakho se-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukwazi isivinini sakho samanje sokuxhumeka. Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi ukukala ukulayisha kwakho kwe-inthanethi kanye nesivinini sokulanda. Uma isivinini ositholayo singafani nalokho ongene kukho, kungase kube nenkinga ngomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.
2. Thola umzila wakho ngendlela efanele: Indawo yerutha ingathinta kakhulu isivinini se-inthanethi yakho ku-PC yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka irutha endaweni emaphakathi ekhaya lakho noma endaweni enciphisa izithiyo ezibonakalayo, njengezindonga noma ifenisha. Futhi, gwema ukuba nayo amanye amadivayisi electronics eduze nerutha, njengoba zingaphazamisa isignali.
3. Buyekeza i-router firmware: Abakhiqizi bomzila bavame ukukhulula izibuyekezo ze-firmware ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza futhi balungise izinkinga zokuxhuma. Hlola iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi womzila wakho ukuze uthole izinguqulo zakamuva ze-firmware ezitholakalayo bese ulandela imiyalelo ukuze uyibuyekeze ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungasiza i-PC yakho ukuthi ithole uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo nozinze kakhudlwana.
Ukuhlola izinketho zabahlinzeki be-inthanethi be-PC yami
Lapho uhlola izinketho zabahlinzeki be-inthanethi ze-PC yakho, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezihlukene ezizoqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokwekhwalithi. Nanka amaphuzu okufanele uwacabangele:
- Isivinini sokuxhuma: Le nto ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzizwisa okushelelayo kokuphequlula. Qiniseka ukuthi uqhathanisa izivinini ezinikezwa umhlinzeki ngamunye bese ukhetha leyo ehambisana nezidingo zakho, ucabangela inombolo yamadivayisi axhunywe ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nohlobo lwemisebenzi ozoyenza ku-inthanethi.
- Ukumbozwa: Hlola ukutholakala kwesevisi endaweni indawo yangakini. Akubona bonke abahlinzeki abanokufakwa kuzo zonke izindawo, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha inketho etholakala endaweni yakho.
- Ukuthembeka: Phenya isithunzi nokuzinza kwabahlinzeki abahlukene. Ungathintana nemibono yabanye abasebenzisi futhi ufune ulwazi mayelana nekhwalithi yesevisi enikezwayo. Khumbula ukuthi ukuxhumana okuthembekile kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka okungalindelekile phakathi nomsebenzi wakho noma ukuzijabulisa kwe-inthanethi.
Ngaphezu kwamaphuzu ashiwo, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela intengo, isevisi yamakhasimende, izinqubomgomo zokuphepha nezobumfihlo, kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe obuncane bokuxhuma. Cabangela izidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki we-inthanethi we-PC yakho. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhetha ngokucophelela kuzokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukuxhumana okuzinzile nokwekhwalithi kudivayisi yakho.
Ubuncane bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kanye nezidingo zesofthiwe zoxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluhle ku-PC yami
Ukuqinisekisa uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olufanele ku-PC yakho, kubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-hardware nesofthiwe encane. Lezi yizici ezibalulekile okudingeka uzicabangele:
Izidingo ezincane zehadiwe:
- Iprosesa: I-processor okungenani engu-2 GHz iyanconywa ukuze iqalise izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi idlulise amehlo ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
- Imemori ye-RAM: Kufanele okungenani ube ne-RAM engu-4 GB ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle futhi ugweme ukubambezeleka lapho ulayisha amakhasi ewebhu noma ulanda.
- Ikhadi lenethiwekhi: Kubalulekile ukuba nekhadi lenethiwekhi elisekela izindinganiso zakamuva, njenge-Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac) noma i-Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax), ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele isivinini nokuzinza kokuxhumeka kwakho.
- Idrayivu eqinile: Qiniseka ukuthi unesikhala esanele sokulondoloza kusigcinalwazi sakho ukuze uvumele ukulanda ngokushesha nokufinyelela kumafayela nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene noxhumo lwakho lwe-inthanethi.
Izidingo zesofthiwe ezincane kakhulu:
- Isistimu esebenzayo: Sebenzisa inguqulo ebuyekeziwe yesistimu yokusebenza esekelwayo, njenge I-Windows 10, i-macOS noma ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux. Gcina uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza okubuyekeziwe kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele izici zakamuva zokuphepha nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza.
- Isiphequluli sewebhu: Khetha isiphequluli sewebhu sesimanjemanje nesisheshayo, esifana ne-Google Chrome, i-Mozilla Firefox noma I-Microsoft Edge, futhi uyigcine ivuselelwe. Isiphequluli esibuyekeziwe sizokunikeza isivinini sokulayisha esisheshayo, ukuphepha, nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zakamuva zewebhu.
- I-Firewall kanye ne-antivirus: Faka isixazululo esithembekile sokuvikela ukuvikela i-PC yakho ezinsongweni eziku-inthanethi. I-antivirus enhle kanye ne-firewall esebenzayo izokusiza ukuthi uvimbele ukuhlaselwa futhi ugcine uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi luvikelekile.
Ngokuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezincane zehadiwe nesofthiwe, uzoba nesisekelo esiqinile sokujabulela uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluzinzile nolusebenzayo ku-PC yakho. Khumbula ukuthi kubalulekile futhi ukuba nomhlinzeki we-inthanethi onokwethenjelwa kanye nesivinini sokuxhuma esihambisana nezidingo zakho.
Ihlola ukuqina koxhumo lwami lwe-inthanethi ku-PC
Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluzinzile lubalulekile ukuze senze imisebenzi yethu ye-inthanethi ngaphandle kwezihibe. Ukuqinisekisa—ukuthi uxhumo lwethu luthembeke ngokwanele, kukhona ezinye izivivinyo esingazisebenzisa PC yethu. Lapha sethula ezinye izinketho ezizokusiza uqinisekise futhi uthuthukise ukuzinza koxhumo lwakho:
- Qala kabusha imodemu yakho nerutha: Lesi sinyathelo esilula singalungisa izinkinga eziningi zokuxhuma. Vala womabili amadivayisi, linda amaminithi ambalwa, bese uwavula futhi. Lokhu kusiza ukusetha kabusha ukuxhumana futhi kususe izingxabano ezingaba khona.
- Sebenzisa ikhebula ye-Ethernet: Uma usebenzisa uxhumano olungenantambo, ukuxhuma i-PC yakho ngokuqondile kumzila ngekhebula ye-Ethernet kungakunika uxhumano oluzinzile futhi olusheshayo.
- Hlola isivinini sakho se-inthanethi: Sebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi ukuze ulinganise isivinini soxhumano lwakho. Isivinini sokulanda esiqhubekayo nesokulayisha esiseduze naleso esinikezwa umhlinzeki wakho sibonisa uxhumano oluzinzile.
Enye inketho ongayicabangela ukuthuthukisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya ukuze uthole ukuzinza okungcono. Nazi izincomo:
- Beka irutha yakho endaweni emaphakathi: Beka irutha endaweni emaphakathi nekhaya lakho. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka futhi kuthuthukisa isignali kuzo zonke izindawo zekhaya.
- Buyekeza i-firmware yerutha: Gcina irutha yakho isesikhathini ngokufaka izibuyekezo zakamuva ze-firmware ezinikezwe umenzi. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuzinza nokuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka.
- Gwema ukuphazamiseka: Gcina umzila wakho ungekho kusuka kwamanye amadivaysi izinto zikagesi ezingase zibangele ukuphazamiseka, okufana namafoni angenazintambo, ama-microwave, noma iziqapha zezingane.
Khumbula ukuthi, uma naphezu kwalezi zinyathelo uxhumano lwakho lungakaqini, kuhle ukuthi uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi ukuze akwazi ukuhlola isimo futhi anikeze izisombululo ezithile endabeni yakho.
Iziphazamiso ezivamileezithinta uxhumo lwami lwe-inthanethi ku-PC
Kukhona iziphazamiso ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile ezingathinta ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho. Ukuhlonza lezi ziphazamiso kuzokusiza ulungise izinkinga zokuxhuma futhi uthuthukise ukuzizwisa kwakho ku-inthanethi. Ngezansi okunye okuvamile ukuphazamisa:
1. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic: Imishini kagesi eseduze, efana namafoni angenazintambo, amahhavini ama-microwave, namasistimu okuvikela, angakwazi ukukhiqiza ukuphazamiseka kozibuthe okwenza buthaka isignali ye-WiFi. Ukuze ugweme le nkinga, qiniseka ukuthi ubeka umzila wakho kude nalawa madivayisi futhi usebenzise izintambo zenethiwekhi esikhundleni se-WiFi uma kungenzeka.
2. Ukuphazamiseka okuvela ezindongeni nezithiyo: Izindonga, ifenisha nezinye izithiyo zingathinta ikhwalithi yesiginali ye-WiFi. Uma isithiyo siba sijiyile noma siminyene, kukhulu ukulahleka kwesignali. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuxhumeka, zama ukubeka irutha endaweni emaphakathi nekhaya lakho futhi ugweme izithiyo phakathi kwerutha ne-PC yakho.
3. Ukuphazamiseka kwamanye amadivaysi e-WiFi: Uma usebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-WiFi eyabiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi amanye amadivayisi aseduze adala ukuphazamiseka ngokuncintisana ngomkhawulokudonsa. Ukuze ulungise lokhu, zama ukushintsha isiteshi senethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi kuzilungiselelo zerutha futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uxhumeke kuphela kumadivayisi adingekayo.
Ungazixazulula kanjani izinkinga zokuxhuma kwi-PC yami
Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokuxhuma ku-PC yakho, ungakhathazeki, usendaweni efanele! Ngezansi, sethula ezinye izixazululo nezinyathelo okufanele uzilandele ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga:
Hlola uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi:
- Qiniseka ukuthi irutha yakho ivuliwe futhi ixhunywe ngendlela efanele.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zenethiwekhi zixhunywe kahle ku-PC yakho.
- Hlola ukuthi ingabe amanye amadivayisi axhunyiwe kunethiwekhi nokuthi ingabe nawo anezinkinga zokuxhuma. Uma kunjalo, kungase kube inkinga ngomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.
Qala kabusha i-PC yakho nerutha:
- Vala i-PC yakho nerutha okungenani imizuzwana engu-30, bese uyivula futhi. Lokhu kungasetha kabusha noma yiziphi izilungiselelo ezingalungile noma kulungise izinkinga zesikhashana.
- Qiniseka ukuthi i-PC yakho isethelwe ukuthola ikheli le-IP ngokuzenzakalela. Iya kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ye-PC yakho bese uhlola le nketho.
Buyekeza abashayeli benethiwekhi yakho:
- Landa futhi ufake izibuyekezo zakamuva zomshayeli wenethiwekhi kusuka kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi wekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi.
- Uma ungenakho ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho, ungalanda izishayeli at enye idivayisi futhi uwadlulise usebenzisa isitoreji sangaphandle, njenge-USB flash drive.
- Khipha futhi ufake kabusha umshayeli wenethiwekhi ku-PC yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi usebenza kahle.
Isetha ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okungenantambo ku-PC yami
Isinyathelo 1: Khetha i-adaptha ye-Wi-Fi efanele
Ngaphambi kokumisa i-inthanethi engenantambo ku-PC yakho, qiniseka ukuthi une-adaptha ye-Wi-Fi ehambisanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-adaptha atholakalayo emakethe, njengamakhadi angaphakathi, i-USB noma i-PCI Express.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Faka izishayeli ze-adaptha
Uma usuthenge i-adaptha ye-Wi-Fi ehambisanayo, kubalulekile ukufaka abashayeli abahambisanayo. Lezi zishayeli zizovumela i-PC yakho ukuthi ibone futhi isebenzise i-adaptha ngendlela efanele. Ungathola abashayeli kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi noma ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokufaka efakwe nedivayisi.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Setha uxhumano olungenantambo
Uma usuwafakile abashayeli, sekuyisikhathi sokusetha uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olungenantambo ku-PC yakho. Le nqubo ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu yokusebenza oyisebenzisayo, kodwa ngokuvamile yenziwa ngephaneli yokulawula noma izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka iphasiwedi elungile yenethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi ukuze ukwazi ukuxhuma ngokuphephile.
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi ku-PC yami
Kule minyaka yedijithali esiphila kuyo, kubalulekile ukubona ukubaluleka kokuphepha ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi ku-PC yethu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha yethu kanye nobumfihlo bemisebenzi yethu eku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele. Ngezansi ezinye zezizathu zokuthi kungani ukuphepha koxhumano lwe-inthanethi kufanele kube okuhamba phambili:
- Ukuvikelwa ezinsongweni ze-cyber: Ukusetshenziswa okuphephile koxhumano lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yethu kusisiza ukuthi sivikele inani elikhulayo lezinsongo ze-inthanethi, ezifana namagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokuhlaselwa kwezigebengu. I izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane nama-firewall angamathuluzi abalulekile okuthola nokuvimba lokhu kuhlasela, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukulimala okungaba khona ohlelweni lwethu kanye nokwebiwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo.
- Ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwedatha yomuntu siqu: Uma sixhuma ku-inthanethi, nakanjani sabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu, olufana namaphasiwedi, imininingwane yasebhange namakheli. Ngokugcina ukuxhumeka okuphephile, sinciphisa ubungozi bezinkampani zangaphandle ezifinyelela lolu lwazi olubucayi. Ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana okubethelwe (okufana ne-HTTPS) nokugwema ukufinyelela kumanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi kuyimikhuba engcono kakhulu kulokhu.
- Ukuvikelwa Kobunikazi Ku-inthanethi: Ukuphepha koxhumano lwe-inthanethi nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ubunikazi bethu ku-inthanethi. Ngokuba nezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, sikhawulela ubungozi bokwebiwa kobunikazi, sivikela ama-akhawunti ethu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, izinsiza ze-imeyili nezinkundla zokuthenga eziku-inthanethi. Ukugcina amadivayisi ethu avuselelwe nokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, ahlukile izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ubunikazi bethu ku-inthanethi.
Kafushane, ukuphepha koxhumano lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yethu kubalulekile ukuze silondoloze ubumfihlo bethu nokuvikela idatha yethu. Ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha, singagwema izingozi ezingadingekile futhi sijabulele okwenziwa ku-inthanethi okuphephile futhi okuthembeke kakhudlwana.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphequlula kwami kwe-inthanethi ku-PC
Ukuzuza kakhulu ulwazi lwethu lwe-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukuphequlula ku-PC yethu. Nawa amanye amasu namathiphu okufinyelela izivinini ezisheshayo zokulayisha, ukunciphisa inani ledatha edluliswayo, nokuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka ku-inthanethi.
1. Sebenzisa isiphequluli esibuyekeziwe
Ukugcina isiphequluli sakho sewebhu sibuyekeziwe kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle. Izinguqulo zakamuva ngokuvamile zifaka isivinini kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphepha. Uma usebenzisa iWindows, ungakhetha iziphequluli ezidumile njenge i-Google Chrome o I-Mozilla Firefox. Hlola njalo izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyazifaka.
2. Lungiselela izilungiselelo zesiphequluli sakho
Ukuze uphequlule ngokushesha, ungenza izinguquko ezithile kuzilungiselelo zesiphequluli sakho Esigabeni sezinketho noma izilungiselelo, bheka izinketho ezilandelayo:
- Izithiyo zokuvimba izikhangiso: Yenza kusebenze isivimbeli sesikhangiso ukuze uvimbele okuqukethwe okungafunwa ekulayisheni.
- Inqolobane namakhukhi: Setha isiphequluli sakho kudatha yenqolobane futhi uvumele amakhukhi ukuthi alayishe amakhasi ngokushesha.
- Khubaza ama-plugin angadingekile: vala noma susa ama-plugin ongawasebenzisi njalo ukunciphisa umthwalo wesiphequluli.
3. Sebenzisa i-antivirus ethembekile futhi ugcine uhlelo luvuselelwe
Ukuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma upheqa i-inthanethi. Qiniseka ukuthi une-antivirus enhle efakiwe futhi uyigcine ibuyekeziwe ukuze uzivikele kumagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha nezinye izinsongo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nezinye izinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje, njengoba izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela abalulekile.
Izincomo zokuvikela i-PC yami ezinsongweni eziku-inthanethi
Ukuze uvikele i-PC yakho ezinsongweni eziku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithile futhi ulandele izincomo ezithile Nawa amanye amathiphu okugcina ikhompuyutha yakho iphephile futhi ivikelekile:
1. Gcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe: Qiniseka ukuthi unezibuyekezo zakamuva zesistimu yakho yokusebenza, iziphequluli zewebhu, nezinhlelo zokuphepha ezifakiwe. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi i-PC yakho ifakwe ukuzivikela kwakamuva ezinsongweni eziku-inthanethi.
2. Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus ethembekile: Faka futhi ubuyekeze njalo uhlelo lwe-antivirus olusezingeni eliphezulu ku-PC yakho. Lungiselela isofthiwe ukuze yenze ukuskena kwesistimu okuzenzakalelayo kanye nesikhathi, ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwanoma yiziphi izinsongo ezingaba khona.
3. Gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukuvula izinanyathiselwa: Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukuzama ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi ngokuthumela ama-imeyili noma imilayezo enezixhumanisi ezinonya noma okunamathiselwe okuthelelekile. Hlala uqaphile futhi ungavuli noma yini ebonakala isolisa noma evela emthonjeni ongaziwa.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukweqa umkhawulo wami wedatha ekuxhumekeni kwami ku-inthanethi ku-PC
Kunezindlela ezihlukile zokugwema ukweqa umkhawulo wedatha ekuxhumekeni kwakho kwe-inthanethi ku-PC. Nawa amanye amasu ongawasebenzisa ukuze ulungiselele ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuphequlula okuphumelelayo:
1. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza nezandiso ukuze ulawule ukusetshenziswa kwedatha: kunamathuluzi amaningana njengokuthi “I-Data Usage Monitor” ukuze ugade futhi ukhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwedatha ku-PC yakho. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zikuvumela ukuthi ubuke ngesikhathi sangempela ingakanani idatha oyisebenzisayo futhi ubeke imikhawulo ukuze ukwazi ukuphatha ngempumelelo uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi.
2. Landa okuqukethwe nezibuyekezo phakathi namahora okungasebenzi kakhulu: Isu elihle lokulondoloza idatha ukuhlela ukulandwa kwamafayela amakhulu noma izibuyekezo zesofthiwe phakathi namahora lapho kunabasebenzisi abambalwa ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kuzogwema ukuminyana kunethiwekhi yakho futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwedatha, ikakhulukazi uma unoxhumo olulinganiselwe.
3. Lungiselela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo zokusakaza: izinkundla zokusakaza ezifana ne-Netflix, i-YouTube, ne-Spotify zisebenzisa inani elikhulu ledatha. Ukuze unciphise lokhu kusetshenziswa, ungalungisa ikhwalithi yokudlala yamavidiyo noma izingoma. Futhi, cabanga ukusebenzisa izici zokulanda okuqukethwe uma uxhume kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ukuze uyijabulele kamuva ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idatha yakho yeselula.
Khumbula ukuthi isistimu yokusebenza ngayinye nesiphequluli sewebhu sinamathuluzi nezilungiselelo zayo zokukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwedatha. Hlola izinketho kuzilungiselelo ze-PC yakho futhi wenze izinguquko ngokuvumelana nezidingo zakho. Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, ungagwema ukweqa umkhawulo wedatha yakho futhi ujabulele uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Imibuzo Nezimpendulo
Umbuzo: Iyini i-inthanethi futhi isebenza kanjani ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: I-inthanethi iyinethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yamakhompiyutha axhumene avumela ukushintshana kolwazi ngezinqubo zokuxhumana. Kukhompyutha yakho, i-inthanethi izosebenza ngoxhumano lwenethiwekhi, kungaba ngekhebula Ethernet, Wi-Fi noma imodemu, ekuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele amawebhusayithi, uthumele futhi wamukele ama-imeyili, ulande amafayela, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi eku-inthanethi.
Umbuzo: Siyini isivinini soxhumano lwami lwe-inthanethi? ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Isivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho singahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa. Ukuze uthole isivinini samanje sokuxhumeka kwakho, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi noma usebenzise izinhlelo ezithile. Khumbula ukuthi isivinini singase sithintwa ikhwalithi namandla omhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi (ISP), inombolo yamadivayisi axhunywe kanyekanye, kanye nohlobo lobuchwepheshe bokuxhuma ku-inthanethi oyisebenzisayo.
Umbuzo: Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo loxhumano lwe-inthanethi enginalo ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Ukunquma uhlobo loxhumano lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho, ungalandela lezi zinyathelo: Ku-Windows, iya kokuthi “Izilungiselelo Zenethiwekhi Ne-inthanethi” bese uthi “Izixhumanisi Zenethiwekhi” ukuze ubone izinketho ezitholakalayo. Ku-MAC, iya kokuthi “Izintandokazi Zesistimu” bese ukhetha “Inethiwekhi” ukuze ubone ukuxhumana okutholakalayo.
Umbuzo: Yisiphi isivinini se-inthanethi engisidingayo ukuze ngenze imisebenzi evamile ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Isivinini esidingekayo se-inthanethi sizoncika emisebenzini oyenzayo ku-PC yakho. Ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo efana nokuphequlula iwebhu, ukuhlola ama-imeyili, nokudlala amavidiyo ngekhwalithi evamile, isivinini esingu-10-25 Mbps ngokuvamile sanele. Nokho, ngemisebenzi edinga umkhawulokudonsa owengeziwe, njenge ukusakaza ividiyo Ku-HD noma kumageyimu aku-inthanethi, isivinini okungenani esingu-25 Mbps noma ngaphezulu siyanconywa.
Umbuzo: Ngingakwazi yini ukuthuthukisa isivinini soxhumano lwami lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Yebo, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa isivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho. Ezinye iziphakamiso zihlanganisa: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzila wakho ubekwe endaweni emaphakathi nekhaya lakho noma eduze ne-PC yakho, ukuvuselela i-firmware yomzila wakho, ukuvala izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingadingekile nezinqubo ezisebenzisa umkhawulokudonsa, usebenzisa intambo ye-Ethernet esikhundleni se-Wi-Fi ukuze uzinze futhi uzinze. uxhumano olusheshayo, noma ucabange ukushintshela kumnikezeli wesevisi ye-inthanethi onesivinini esiphezulu uma kunesidingo.
Umbuzo: Ngingazilungisa kanjani izinkinga zokuxhuma ku-inthanethi ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga zokuxhuma ku-inthanethi ku-PC yakho, nazi ezinye izixazululo ongazizama: qala kabusha irutha yakho ne-PC, qinisekisa ukuthi ixhumeke kahle ku-inthanethi, buyekeza abashayeli benethiwekhi i-PC yakho, vala okwesikhashana i-antivirus yakho noma i-firewall ukuze khipha ukuphahlazeka, setha kabusha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi, futhi uthinte umnikezeli wakho wesevisi ye-Inthanethi ukuze uthole usizo olwengeziwe uma kudingeka.
Umbuzo: Ngingaluvikela kanjani uxhumo lwami lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yami?
Impendulo: Ukuze uvikele uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ku-PC yakho, kubalulekile ukulandela izinqubo ezithile zokuphepha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile kumzila wakho namanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi, ukugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nezinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje ngeziqephu zokuphepha zakamuva, usebenzisa isivikeli magciwane esisesikhathini samanje nesofthiwe yokuvikela, ukugwema ukufinyelela noma ukulanda amafayela kusuka imithombo engathembekile futhi ubheke imikhonyovu yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma ukuhlaselwa kwe-malware.
Ukuzindla Kokugcina
Ngamafuphi, ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile loxhumano lwe-inthanethi lwe-PC yakho kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kanye nolwazi olubushelelezi lwe-inthanethi. Ngokungeziwe ekucabangeleni izinketho ezitholakala endaweni yangakini, kufanele ucabangele izidingo zakho zokuphequlula kanye nenombolo yamadivayisi azoxhumeka kunethiwekhi yakho.
Kusukela ekuxhumekeni okujwayelekile kwe-broadband okufana ne-ADSL kuya kuzinketho ze-fiber optic ezishesha kakhulu, imakethe inikezela ngezinketho eziningi ukwanelisa izidingo ezahlukahlukene. Kubalulekile ukucwaninga ngokucophelela, ukuqhathanisa nokuhlola umhlinzeki ngamunye kanye nohlelo olutholakalayo ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
Khumbula ukuthi i-inthanethi iyithuluzi elibalulekile ezimpilweni zethu, elomsebenzi nokuzijabulisa. Uxhumano lwekhwalithi lungenza umehluko ngokwejubane le-inthanethi, ukuzinza nokuvikeleka.
Ekugcineni, lapho ukhetha uxhumano lwe-inthanethi lwe-PC yakho, awukhethi kuphela umhlinzeki, kodwa futhi isango eliya emhlabeni obonakalayo Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi wenze isinqumo unolwazi futhi ucabangele izidingo zakho kanye nezinto ozikhethayo kuze kube manje ngezindaba zakamuva nokuthuthuka kubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sikunikeze ulwazi oludingayo ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni loxhumano lwe-inthanethi okufanele ulukhethele i-PC yakho Khumbula ukuthi uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe, ungahlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe noma uxhumane ukuze abahlinzeki besevisi ye-inthanethi ukuze uthole iziqondiso ezengeziwe.
Ngiyabonga ngokufunda!
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.